NEW BATAAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL-SHS

SY 2022-2023

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

HEALTH OPTIMIZING PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Name of Student: Grade/Section/Specialization:
Week no: 4-5 Date: Score:

Part I. Learning Competencies:

Engages in moderate to vigorous physical activities (MVPAs) for at least 60 minutes most days of the week in a variety of settings – in and out of school.

Part II TOPIC: ATHLETICS IN RELATION TO HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS

Being physically active permits the body systems to function properly with alertness and energy. Remaining in shape permits a person to efficiently and
effectively perform his/her daily tasks that will lead to better output and performance.
Health-related fitness involves exercise activities that you do in order to try to improve your physical health and stay healthy. Health related fitness includes five
(5) components namely, cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, muscular endurance and body composition.
ATHLETICS
Brief History
Athletics is composed of sports involving running, walking, jumping and throwing. It is a group of sports divided mainly in what is popularly known as track and
field and it has been played centuries ago in a sports competition. In 776 B.C, Greeks started to promote track and field and it opened the Olympic Games.
Since then, it has been staged every four years until 394 A.D. Athens revived the Olympic Games in 1896. After that, the Olympic Games is stage every four
years. In the early stage, the Greeks’ participation in athletics was intended to show the strong body and skills of the soldiers. The beauty of the games caught
the attention and interest of more than 5000 people. Olympic Games became very competitive and in 1923 women were included in the event. The competition
was under the support of the Amateur Athletics Union. Track and field was introduced to the Filipinos by the Americans. It was warmly accepted as one of the
events for competition. Athletics, as part of the local competition, was governed by the Philippines Athletics Track and Field Association. It followed the rules of
International Amateur Athletic Federation as a world governing body for track and field athletics. Because of its worth and value, it was included as a subject in
the Physical Education.
Events in Athletics
Running Event Jumping Events Throwing Events
100-meter dash 4 x 100-meter relay Long Jump Shot Put
200-meter dash 4 x 400-meter relay Triple Jump Discus Throw
400-meter dash 110-meter high hurdles High Jump Javelin Throw
800-meter run 100-meter hurdles Pole Vault Hammer Throw
1500-meter run 400-meter low hurdles
3000-meter run 3000-meter Steeple Chase
5000-meter run Marathon and Walkathon
Athletics Playing Venue
Running events are played in an oval. It has eight lanes and the inner most lane measures 400 meters. The seven other lanes are appropriately marked to
indicate the 400-meter distance and the exceeding land measurement. The surface of the oval is even and levelled, covered by mixture of sand and cinder,
some are combination of asphalt and synthetic rubber. The modern running tracks are made out of synthetic rubber like materials.
Running Events
The relatively short sprint distances, ranging up to 400 meters, require a sustained top speed. Originally all sprinters start from a standing position, but in the
1880s the crouch start was invented, and it became a rule that sprinters must start with both feet and both hands on the track. The introduction of the
adjustable starting block aided the quick start which is critical in the sprints. Endurance athletes or long-distance runners have 90 to 95 percent slow-twitch
muscle fibers. According to American Council on Exercise, slow-twitch fibers are slighter and less powerful but more resilient to fatigue than fast-twitch fibers.
So, they rely on oxygen to function properly. Slow-twitch muscle fibers are well suitable for long-duration aerobic activities.
The Hurdles
Hurdling is a sport in athletics (track and field) in which a runner sprints and leaps over a series of hurdles, which are set on a track with specific distance apart.
Runners must stay in their respective lanes throughout the race. If the runner knocks the hurdles down while leaping, a runner who trails a foot or leg alongside
a hurdle or knocks it down with a hand is disqualified. The Winner will be the first player who been complete the course without violation.
What Is A Relay?
The relays involve four runners per team. There are two standard events, the 4 × 100- and 4 × 400-meter relays. They are both included in local meets, in
Olympic Games, and IAAF World Championships. The first runner in the 4 x 100- meter relay begins the race in starting blocks. The next three runners receive
the baton in the 30 meters passing and receiving zone. The receiver begins running in the acceleration zone within the exchange zone (30m). In the relay,
runners should not switch hands when carrying the baton. Therefore, if the first runner will carry the baton in his right hand, the receiving hand of the second
runner will be left hand, the receiving hand of the third runner will be right and the final runner will handle it in his left hand.
Jumping Events
Similar to running races, jumping games seem to be part of our childhood life. We tend to see how far and high we can jump and who can do it best. There are
four athletics jumping events.
High Jump
In the high jump event, the athlete must run in the start and must jump over a bar without knocking it over. They land on a big soft cushion. Being able to jump
high without knocking the bar is advantage to win the game. In this event technique is important, there are many techniques used for high jump, but the
current, and most successful, is called the Fosbury Flop. The Fosbury flop technique involves an approach from almost straight ahead, then twisting on takeoff
and going over the head first with the back to the bar. Jumpers then land on their back.
Long Jump
Long jumping, is the least complicated of all field events. It is formerly called broad jumping. Long jump has been a popular athletics event since Ancient
Greece Olympics. In long jump, speed is the most vital ingredient for a successful jump. Jumpers make their approach down the runway at almost top speed,
plant a foot on the takeoff board, and leap into the air. Jumpers must plant the forward foot not beyond the take-off board to become legal. The most popular
long-jumping style is “Hitch-kick,” where in the runner apparently walks in air.
Pole Vault
The pole vault may be the toughest to master of all field events. Pole-vaulting is quite similar to high jump. Vaulters attempt to vault over a crossbar placed on
uprights, each height. They are given three tries, then they land on a large soft mattress for safety.
The vaulter runs down the track holding a pole at one end. After planting the end of the pole in a metal box in the ground level, the vaulters propel themselves
up and over a high bar using both a jump and the spring to gain height. They must get over the bar without knocking it off.
Triple Jump
The triple jump is similar to the long jump, it is known as the hop, step, and jump. The jumper will first run down the track gaining speed; at the start of the jump
or take off point they will jump or spring from one foot and land on that same foot (hop); next they jump again, at this time landing on the opposite foot (step);
lastly they jump as far as they can and land on both feet (jump) into the sand pit or landing pit.
Throwing Events
It's always fun to see who can throw something the farthest, whether it's a ball, or even a rock. These events necessitate explosive movements. Power is the
component to be considered. Athletics is the place where you can throw stuff for distance as a real sport. There are four major throwing events outlined below.
Discus
A discus is plate like or round disc (implement), typically made of plastic with a metal rim. It is thrown from a concrete circle that is about 2.50 meter in
diameter. The thrower’s feet cannot leave the circle unless the discus lands on sector area or else the thrower will be at fault, and the throw will not be counted.
To achieve maximum distance in the discus, the thrower shall maintain these three components - speed, technique, and strength. The thrower that throws the
farthest inside the sector area and without committing any violation wins.
Javelin
The javelin is something like a spear (implement). It was introduced in the Olympics of 708 BC. This event should be supervised at all times to be sure no one
is hurt. Javelin throw does not use a circle when throwing. The thrower must hold the javelin at the grip part and should always be maintained above the
shoulder level. The javelin must lie before the specified zone and its tip should hit the ground to become valid. The thrower should maintain his balance until
the javelin lands on the ground. Once the competition has started, the athletes cannot use the perimeter for practice purpose. The thrower who throws farthest
inside the landing sector and didn’t commit any violation wins.
Shot Put
Shot is piece of spherical iron ball that is thrown from a concrete circle that is seven feet in diameter. The front of the circle has a metal board called a toe
board or stop board. The thrower cannot touch the top of the stop board or step over it during the throw. The thrower holds the shot close to his/her neck in one
hand. The goal is to build momentum and finally push or put the shot inside the sector landing area. The thrower must stay in a circle until the shot has landed
or else their throw was invalid. The thrower throws farthest inside the landing sector and without committing any violation wins.
Hammer Throw
Hammer throw does not actually involve throwing a usual hammer like you think. In this athletics throwing event, the thrower throws a metal ball attached to a
handle and a straight wire about three feet long. The hammer is thrown from a concrete circle 2.15 meter in diameter (just like the shot put) but there is no toe
board or stop board. Like the discus and the shot put, the thrower must stay in a circle until the hammer lands. The thrower rotates several times to gain
momentum prior to releasing and throwing the hammer. Maintaining balance is important due to the force generated by having the heavy ball at the end of the
wire. The thrower that throws farthest without committing any violation wins.

Activity 1. The Athletics Concept Map. This activity will measure your skill identifying games in each athletic event. Fill in the “Track Events” box with
events that happen in a track, while list down the events that happen in the field in the “Field Events” box.

TRACK EVENTS FIELD EVENTS

Activity 2. CROSSWORD PUZZLE. Identify the different events in Athletics.

Down
1. An event where an athlete runs and throws a spear.
3. An event where an athlete throws a heavy disc as
far as possible.
5. An event where an athlete must hop, step and jump
into the sand pit.
6. An event where an athlete combines speed, agility
and strength to leap as far as possible.
7. An event where an athlete runs over a short
distance.

Activity 3. ASSESSMENT. Choose the letter of the best

answer. Write the letter on the blank before the number.

_____ 1. Sprint is a type of event where in the athlete runs

over _____.
A. an obstacle B. short distance C. long
distance D. None of the Above
_____ 2. Where did athletics originate?
A. Ancient Greece B. Britain C. Ancient Rome
D. Russia
_____ 3. Who introduced Athletics to the Filipinos?
A. Japanese B. Americans C. Chinese D.
Koreans
_____ 4. In what year did the Greeks start to open track and field?
A. 776 B.C. B. 767 A.D. C. 766 B.C. D. 766 A.D.
_____ 5. 100, 200, 400m are considered _____.
A. long distance B. relay C. middle distance D. sprints
_____ 6. In athletics, field events include which two events?
A. long distance B. relay C. middle distance D. sprints
_____ 7. In which athletic even do contesters have to throw a very heavy round ball as far as possible?
A. javelin B. discus C. shot put D. pole vault
_____ 8. In which field event does an athlete use a flexible pole as an aid to jump over a horizontal bar?
A. Discus Throw B. Pole Vault C. Long Jump D. Triple Jump
_____ 9. What term is used to describe running, throwing and jumping events?
A. Athletics B . Relays C. Meet D. Track and Field
_____ 10. How many lanes are there in a typical running track?
A. Athletics B . Relays C. Meet D. Track and Field

Prepared by:
SADHANA MARIE C. ZAMORA
TEACHER II