UNIT 1: APPLYING FOR A JOB 1D A temporary position is open at MacNulty’s Chocolate Factory. You are going to hear two people at an interview. Before you listen, look at the picture and answer these questions. 4. Which person in the picture is the interviewer? 2 Which person in the picture is the candidate? 3 What job is the candidate applying for? €2ZD] Stisten and check it you were right. bod €3D Dlisten again and fil in the blanks. 1 You're the __asplicank.___ for the secretarial job, right? Your résumé certainly is. 2 3 Your last employer was very ____with you. 4 He says you are. hhard working, and efficient. 5 Umatittle surprised you haven’t______fora permanent job. 6 You see, my background and___are in theater. 7 Ttwas called “The Over-___ Graduate.” 8 You played the part of the secretary with such. TOEIC® TIP Listen carefully to talks ‘and conversations. Practice identifying who is speaking, where the conversation or tallcis taking place, and what ‘ts being discussed. Page 2€ 4 D Compare the following pairs of answers from Exercise 3. @ Look at answers 4 and 5, 2 and 3, 4 and &, and 6 and 7. What is similar about each pair? b In each pair, what parts of speech are the two words? 4 mom gs ve .—__.. 3 ae —$§$—_—___. ‘¥] € 5 D Match the two parts of the common phrases you heard in the conversation. Listen again if you need to. 4 permanent: a qualified 3 cover < job ; over agency Vocabulary Key Vocabulary Read this paragraph about applying for jobs and check your understanding of the meaning of the words in bold. When employers want to filla permanent or short-term / temporary vacanéy, they usually "should send a well-written cover letter and résumé to the company or recruitment agency. You | © should give detaits of your qualifications and references. If they think you might be the right ‘candidate for-the job, they will call you in for an interview. As well as the right qualifications ind relevant work experience, they might look for other qualities, including peopte skills, communication skills and the ability to Work well asa team member. After the interview the. | | company will decide whether to reject or hire you. i (7 Vocabulary note Career is a countable noun, We use it to talk about a job regarded as a long-term activity or professional occupation. r Job is a countable noun. We use it to talk about specific task or the regular work a person does to earn money. Work is an uncountable noun or a verb. We use it to talk about an activity a person does, usually for money. Thave a job as a delivery man for « pizza place. My wark consists of taking pizzas to ur customers. In the future, I would like a career in restaurant management. Page3DD Replace the underlined word or phrase in each of the following sentences with a word from the box that has the same or a similar meaning. hire impressed reject [vacancies — candi Peter certainly made a positive impression on the audience with his lecture, impressed. _ a 2 We plan to employ three new people in the components department. 3 How many applicants are we seeing this morning? 4 Bentley's is advertising several openings for a sales representative. 5 6 7 I've been contacted by the recruitment agency about your vacancy. He did several short-term jobs in different companies. We don't accent candidates who don’t speak a foreign language. 2D Read this extract from an email and underline the correct word. e666 2 eeGag Delete Reply Reply All Forward Print Hi Faryal, Thave some great news! Do you remember helping me look for a job? Well, last month, I 1 applied / impressed for a job at a large marketing company. I wasn’t sure if I had all the right 2 requirements / qualifications, but I've taken a marketing course, so I wrote to the company. I Included the 3 recruitment / résumé you helped me write ‘and some 4 references / employer letters from my last two bosses. Someone from the company phoned me last week and asked me to come for an 5 interview / application the next day. I was a bit nervous, but I knew that I really had to 6 position / impress the interviewers. So before I went 1 practiced answering the interview questions that you go quite well. And I've just heard that they are 7 offering / ‘opening me the job. I am the successful 8 hire / candidate! So I just wanted to thank you for the help you gave me.. ‘€ 3D Match the sentences in column A with those in column B. Column A Column B 4. I don't feet too disappointed. 2. Ineed to earn some money this summer, 3. Ihave been with this company a long time. 4 5 want to keep the same job until I retire, I'm sure Pll get the job. ¢ Twant a permanent job. emailed me. The interview was quite long but it seemed to a Tam looking for a temporary job. b would tike a better position here. There are more vacancies than applicants. 4 Lots of people were rejected for the job. Page 4UNIT 2: BUSINESS DOCUMENTS €AD You are going to hear Emma talking to her boss, John Fleming. Before you listen, look at the pictures and answer these questions. 4. Where is Emma? 2 Where is john? 3, Why do you think John is calling Emma? (| EID Pisten and check if you were right. fos) © 3 D Look at the words from the conversation and put them in the correct category. attachment. file.memo.fex.—report folder 2 types of documents: memo 2 ways to send a document: 3 used to organize documents: Page S© 4 > write complete answers to these questions about the conversation, 1 When does Emma usually have her coffee break? mma usually has her coffee ab 10:00, ‘What does John want? 3, What does the fax machine guarantee cover? 4 How is Emma sending her copy of the report to John? 5 What equipment does John need? — 6 Where is Emma looking for the fileg © 5 D Look at your answers to Exercise 4 and answer these questions. 1. Which sentence is about a regular action? 2. Which sentence is about a general truth? 3. Which sentences are about actions at or around the time of speaking? 4 Look at answers 1 and 3. What tense are they? 5 Look at answers 4 and 6. What tense are they? 6 Look at answers 2 and 5. Do they fit the pattern in questions 1-5? —______ Key Vocabulary Read this paragraph about documents that we use in business and check your understanding of the words in bold. ‘There are many different types of business documents and these days they canbe peither: ‘in paper. or. electronic form. If you work in business, you are likely to see a lot Bt | of correspondence in your in-hoxes, including letters, emails, and faxes, as well as ol iternal documents such as memos, reports, spreadsheets, and inventories. You can "keep paper documents or hard copies of electronic documents in files or folders at your .; desk. However, if they are confidential, you might want to put them somewhere more | secure. If you want extra copies, you can photocopy the original. On a computer, you | can organize your documents, of files, into folders to make them easier to find. Then, if [you wanttto send tl ail them as an attachment. & TOEIC® TIP ‘When you are preparing for the listening section, look out for words that have the same or similar pronunciation, These words can cause confusion in the exam. Tsent you a fax so that you would have it immediately. Tincluded all the facts and figures in the report. While you aré studying, make a list of words that sound the same but have different meanings. Use the context to know which word is being used. Page 6€1D Choose the best definitions for the words in the box. <2> €3> attachment correspondence email fax file folder memo photocopy report i getene Sey 4a message that is sent over the Internet email 2 a machine-made copy of a document. 3 information that you store on a computer as one unit 4 a document with details of an event or situation 5 a place on a computer where you can store files or programs. 6 7 8 a short message sent to the staff of a company computer file that is sent with an email messa letters written from one person to another: 9 a document sent by electronic image through a telephone line Fill fn the blanks with the correct word in the box. ‘cofréspondence-— inventory copy” report” folder ~ in-box memo ‘The manager sent around a__memo __about possible overtime hours. ‘Thank you for the _________of the memo I misplaced. 1 2 3. I'm looking for the ___ that contains all the new customer files. 4 Thave to take care of all these documents in my before leaving this evening. 5 6 These figures don't match the ones in the market research, The stock room is closed while they tke_______of all the items in stock. Underline the correct word in the following email SS HiSam, Greg said he told you about the ire in our office last night. Luckily, no one was there but the fire destroyed or damaged almost all of our 1 documents / attachments, so we're tying to figure out what we have let! We have 2 reports ‘copies of most ofthe contracts and invoices in the warehouse, as well as all of the 3 confidential electronic letters, so hopefuly we haven't ost anything really important. One thing | need is the contact list of clients’ phone numbers. Our offce computers arent working, so coud you printout a4 hardcopy photocopy | ofthe lst and fax it to me? | wil let you know if! need any other § memos I files. Thanks, Tammy Page 7UNIT 1: PHOTOGRAPHS A, PHOTO of ONE PERSON For the photos of one person, the four subjects in the statements are alike but the verbs in them are different. You should therefore listen carefully to the verbs. Usten and choose the best answer. (A) A woman is wearing gloves (8) A woman is using a shovel (©) A woman is watering a plant. (©) A woman is arranging flowers. De ear ce ecco ‘A Listen and complete each statement with the missing words. &eab 1 Aman 2 Awomans 3 Hels 4 She is 5 Heis © Listen and complete each statement with the missing words, then choose the ¢ooab best description for each photo. (A) Amanis 4 pair of shoes. (A) She is ‘a document. (®)Amanis (®) She is (©Amanis CO Sheis a laptop, Page 71Practice Test: Listen and choose the statement that best describes each photo, Page 72Page 73B. PH( PEOPLE For the photos of two people, the subjects in the statements may be different because each | | person may be doing a different action. | Correct answer choices generally describe what the people in the photos are doing together or what each of them is doing. You should thus listen to both the subjects and the verbs in the descriptive statements. [EEERIED tisten nd choose the best answer: (4) They are sitting next to each other (8) They are signing their names. {© They ate fxing a computer (0) They are looking at a laptop. Cory ah) ee URC ae aun ec ee 1 ii igi a tt ml er =D 1 They Into a truck 2 They ‘microphone. 3 The women toasink 4 Themen. 5 The people © Uston and complete each statement with the mising words then choose the o>) best description for each photo (A) The men horses. (A) They some vegetables. (8) The men (B) They (©) The men a picture of the (© They ona oo Page 74Practice Test: Listen and choose the statement that best describes each photo. Page 75Page 76C. PHOTO of MORE THAN TWO PEOPLE For photos of more than two people, the correct answer choice will be the statement that describes the general action or state of some or all of them. You should therefore preview each photo and then listen carefully to the verb in each statement. ‘Listen and choose the best answer. (A) They are sitting at an outdoor table. (8) The people are hiking in a park. (©) One of the women is holding a basket (©) Some women are having a picnic. Ce cee nn ee Met! Loe et ai arn Rete eb eee ata ere ta noun, or Some (of the) +a plural noun (e.g. people, workers), which causes difficulty for you. 1 Usten and complet each statement ith the ising words. does 1 mori 2 i Teas 3 o newapaet 4 taking ook 5 on B Listen and complete each statement with the missing words, then choose the best description for each photo. (Aman toa (8) Some people are at ®) under a tree. a © looking o food on her plate, fe) Page 77Practice Test: Listen and choose the statement that best describes each photo. Page 78Page 79UNIT 1: FIVE SENTENCE STRUCTURES IN ENGLISH @ Main Elements of a Sentence in English HEE ‘There are five main elements of a sentence in English: subject, verb, object, complement, and modifier, * Subject is who or what does the action in a sentence. * Verb refers to the action or state of the subject. '* Object isthe receiver of the action in a sentence. There are indirect object and direct object. ‘© Complement compietes the meaning of a vert» and adds more information to the subject or object in a sentence. There are subject complement and object complement. ‘© Modifier is a word or a group of words that modify nouns, verbs, adjectives, or a whole sen- tence, It is not a must, but adds more information to a sentence. ‘Among these elements, the subject and verb are the two basic ones forming a meaningful sentence. Depending on the combination of these elements, there are diferent sentence structures in English, 1 / tke / him / very much, ‘Sojet Vero Oyct Mor Theteacher / is / so / kind. ‘Sect Meer Sujet component, Theman / called / me / Jack Saiz Veet et comlenart ‘| Pattern 1: Subject + intransitive Verb + Adverb In this pattern, the action or state of the subject can be completely described only by the verb, + The new employee works hard, + Profits increased steadily last year. 2 Pattern 2: Subject + Linking Verb (be, remain, get, become, etc.) + Complement (Adjective, Noun) In this pattern, the linking verb, which is incomplete, is followed by an adjective (to describe the state of the subject) or a noun (to give additional explanation about the subject). Typical linking verbs are be, remain, get, become, etc. + The serious problem was difficult to solve, The adjective dificult describes the state of the subject prablem. + The company’s products remain competitive. The adject re competitive describes the state of the subject products + The famous speaker is our supervisor, The noun supervisor that comes after the verb be is in apposition to the subject the famous speaker Page 1383 Pattern 3: Subject + Transitive Verb + Object In this pattern, the transitive verb requires an object. The object can be a noun, 2 pronoun, a that clause, or a gerund (V-ing). Some verbs are always transitive, some are always intransitive, and some others can be either transitive or intransitive. It is important to know which verbs can be used in which patterns. = The managers are discussing the sales figures. + The sales report shows that our company is going bankrupt. The verb show isa transitive verb when it means fo give information to prove something or make it clear to people, andthe that clause comes aft Pattern 4: Subject + Double-Object Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object In this pattern, the direct object is the receiver of action while the indirect object identifies to or for whom or what the action of the double-object verb is performed. Some common verbs of this pattern include offer, grant, bring, present, and lend, + Iwill give an outstanding employee an award. +The store sent us @ number of receipts. We can swap the positions of the direct and indirect object: See eee = Our company will offer employees apartments. Indirect object + direct object ~ Our company will offer apartments to employees. direct object + preposition + indirect abject 5} pattern 5: Subject + Verb + Object + Object Complement (Adjective) In this pattern, the object is followed and modified by an object complement. The ‘object complement is often an adjective. + Last month's bonuses made me happy. = We should keep our office clean at all times. Practice 1: Put the words and phrases in brackets in the correct order to make complete sentences. 1. (they, the issue, discussed) 2. (the contract, our team, finished) 3. (my suggestion, the HR manager, liked) 4, (some packages, Mr. Green, sent) 5. (the conference, will attend, Sam and Sara) 6. (an invitation, received, yesterday, we) Page 139Practice 2: Choose the correct option given in brackets to complete each sentence. 1. They (gave us / us gave) some documents. 2. Genie Electronics will (she offer / offer her) the position, 3, The company sent (us some chairs / some chairs us). 4. The store offers (a free coupon new customers / new customers a free coupon). 8. My coworker teaches computer language (for me / to me). Practice 3: Look at the elements in each of the following sentences and choose one correct option to complete the sentence. ‘The man ___ the marketing manager. se ‘se compre 1, @8 Ore very Or Your sales report is very sake pot sapct We Moser 2, @ them ® meeting © interest @ interesting ‘The new employee __ near the office. erye0 ‘sie ste 3, @he @ lives © him © Wing The strategy meeting in an hour. satepy restng Sait estar 4, they @intho wom Ott © stats ‘Mc. Kim's suggestion about the problem ____practical. ‘sagestion Sate Sie copie 5 om @ seemed © very © woot ‘The relocation of the office wasn't ____ at frst, spt wo Tester 5 Oy @ casiy © soomed © became TeleCom __cetular phones at low prices. ‘ie et Mester 7, @its @us © sols © soling Some of the executives will discuss _ later this week. sujet vet Woate 3, they @ them © doing @ ettectve ‘The sales clerk sold the copy machine. Stet Vek ‘et bc 9, @hes ow Ome Ote ‘The boss __ his staff some helpful tips, ‘set nsec enet Oreo 10, ® was ® gave © provided © talked He the company profitable. spe jet Ocampo i, See Swes © made © seemed ‘The employee in the Accounting Department the job impossible. sec ijt cect coment ‘Aecourting Depart 12, @seemed @ worked © became © found Page 140Identify the structure in each of the following sentences. 4. The chairs in the meeting room looked new. 2. The engineer made his colleagues an effective device, 3. | found the discussion useful, 4. The printer over there is not working. 5. The company announced a new policy. 6. The new cleaning company keeps the office clean every day, Practice 5: ‘Questions 131-134 refer to the following notice. Lakeview Railway Onboard Bicycle Policy ‘Would you like to use your bicycle to explore the Lakeview Corridor Scenic Area? Our trains have the -75,- you need to safely transport your bike. When booking your ticket, just remember that reservations ~~ for both you and your bicycle, Reserve your bicycle spot =~. There are a limited number of storage racks on each train. You are responsible for stowing your bike securely, “qa Lakeview Railway does not take responsibilty for bicycles lost or damaged aboard our cs trains. 131. (A) stock 433. (A) early (8) equipment (B) again (C) property (C) more (0) revenue (0) instead 132. (A) require 4134. (A) Folding bicycles have become more (8) requiring ‘common. (C) are required (8) Additional service fees may apply, (©) wore required (C) You can obtain route maps at most stations. (0) You must also supply your own bike lock. Page 141Questions 135-138 refer to the following letter. For the last three years we have charged the same wholesale prices for our baked goods, including cakes, pies, cookies, and brownies. We regret that sharply rising prices for our raw Ingredients, such as sugar and fruit, have forced us to raise our prices by 5 percent =~ ‘August 1. We have made every attempt to avoid this price increase, —-5~, we refuse to ‘compromise on the quailty of our products. Using the best ingredients available wil allow us to provide the dolcious desserts your restaurant quests have come to expect ~35-. \We appreciate your -735~ and look forward to continuing to serve you. 137. (A) We believe you will see that our products are stil a great value. (8) Our efforts to stay profitable have not been si I. (C) We hope our competitors wil raise their prices too. (0) Our products are healthier than ‘traditional baked goods. Page 142Questions 139-142 refer to the following e-mail. To: Noora Abadi From: Alexis Paimer ‘Subject: Informational interview Date: 4 February Dear Ms. Abadi: ‘Thank you for taking the time to meet with me yesterday about careers in the aerospace industry. Your = were helpful and have inspired me to seek additonal work experience inthe Fld before | apply to graduate school. | will consult the Web sites you recommended for job opportunities. As you also suggested. | will “ag: 2 MeMbErshp inthe Eastem Aeronautics Professional Assocation. ~7;~. | appreciate the information you shared about the organization's conference at the end of the month. ‘Thank you again for your -745~ assistance. 139. (A) insights. 142. w generosity ‘generous (C) improvements (C) generously (0) revisions (0) generousness 141. (A) (took ferward to netwaing watcher professionals in (8) Mymenberaip wi erp at he end ‘of the year. © Iwi a presraon ae (0) eu he apy fr poston Page 143,Questions 143-146 refer to the following letter. 15 October GPO Box 985, CANBERRA ACT 6512 Dear Ms. Wilson, (On behaf of the Australia Wildlife Park Association, thank you for your donation of 40 AUD to our national park. -77;-. Individual contributions have helped it stay open to visitors for more than 50 years. Our goal is to keep the park system running effectively for future —- to enjoy. Enclosed please find a copy of our brochure, which lists various programmes -;a¢- to benefit ‘oth park visitors and our wife habitats. Please consider ~-z¢- one ofthese programmes in the future. The money would be used wisely and would be deeply appreciated, Sincerely, ‘Akosua Masika, Membership Chair 143. (A) The association grants scholarships 448. (A) designer for those designs studying zoology. ®) (B) Supporters like you help preserve the (C) designing ‘park for public use. (0) designed (C) We hope you enjoyed your visit to the park today. 148, (A) researching (©) Interested parties can volunteer to (8) organizing dean wildife habitats. (C) leading (0) funding 144. (A) generations, (8) iifestyies (C) committees {D) planners Page 144