Scribd
Upload
119 views2 pages

P5 Electricity in The Home

This document discusses electricity in the home. It explains that alternating current (AC) repeatedly reverses direction, while direct current (DC) flows in one direction. A mains circuit has a live wire, neutral wire, and earth wire. The live wire carries the alternating current and is connected to the brown wire. The neutral wire is at zero volts and is connected to the blue wire. The earth wire provides a safe path for current and is connected to the green/yellow wire. Frequency is measured in Hertz and represents the number of cycles per second. Plugs and sockets are made of insulating plastic and wires are surrounded by plastic insulation in cables. A three-pin plug contains live, neutral, and earth wires to

Uploaded by

Arun Donte
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
119 views2 pages

P5 Electricity in The Home

This document discusses electricity in the home. It explains that alternating current (AC) repeatedly reverses direction, while direct current (DC) flows in one direction. A mains circuit has a live wire, neutral wire, and earth wire. The live wire carries the alternating current and is connected to the brown wire. The neutral wire is at zero volts and is connected to the blue wire. The earth wire provides a safe path for current and is connected to the green/yellow wire. Frequency is measured in Hertz and represents the number of cycles per second. Plugs and sockets are made of insulating plastic and wires are surrounded by plastic insulation in cables. A three-pin plug contains live, neutral, and earth wires to

Uploaded by

Arun Donte
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Physics 5 Electricity in the Home

Direct current flows in one direction. D.C.

Alternating current repeatedly reverses its direction A.C.

A mains circuit has a live wire a neutral wire and the earth wire.

A live wire is alternately positive and negative every cycle. The live wire is brown in the bottom right

A neutral wire is constantly at zero volts. The neutral wire is blue in the bottom left

The earth wire provides a safe path for the current to flow through if there is a mistake. The earth
wire is green and yellow and at the middle in the top.

The peak potential difference of an A.C. supply is the maximum voltage measured from zero volts.

1 1
Frequency= Herz=
Time Taken For 1 Cycle Seconds

Sockets and plug cases are made of stiff plastic materials that enclose the electrical connections.
Plastic is used because it is a good electrical insulator.

A mains cable is made up of two or three insulated copper wires surrounded by an outer layer of
flexible plastic material.

In a three-pin plug or a three-core cable, there is the live wire, the neutral wire and the earth wire.

The earth wire is connected to the longest pin in a plug and is used to earth the metal case of a
mains appliance. This sticks out of the plug case.

The plug contains a fuse between the live pin and the live wire. If too much current passes through
the wire in the fuse, it melts and cuts the live wire off.

The power supplied to a device is the energy transferred to it each second.

Energy E Joules
Power= P= Watts=
Time t Seconds
Power=Current∗Potential difference P=IV Watts=Amperes∗Volts
Domestic appliances are often fitted with a 3A, 5A, or 13A fuse which is always more that the normal
current level.

The charge flow is Q = I * t

When charge flows through a resistor, energy transferred to the resistor makes it hot.

The energy transferred to a component is E=V∗Q

When charge flows around a circuit for a given time, the energy supplied by the battery is equal to
the energy transferred to all the components in the circuit.

A domestic electricity meter measures how much energy is supplied.


Useful Energy
Efficiency= ∗100
Total Energy

You might also like