INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
APPLICATION TOOLS
IN
BUSINESS
FRANCISCO G. RECOTE II, MSCS
Sir “IkO”
Wireless Technology
Wireless Technology
Various types of wireless technology and
networks allow devices to speak (send
data) to each other and to the web
(TCP/IP Networks) without cables.
IEEE 802.15
Also known as Bluetooth and
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) are
wireless technologies used to transfer
data over short distances. The
technology is frequently used in small
consider devices that connect to users
phones and tablets.
BLE
Bluetooth Low Energy uses less
power than standard Bluetooth
and is used in hardware such as
fitness trackers, smart watches
and other connected devices in
order to wirelessly transmit data
without heavily compromising the
battery power in a user’s phone.
BLE
BLE, which is also referred to as
Bluetooth Smart, is supported by
the majority of smartphone and
computer makers as well as most
major operating systems
including Windows 8, OS X,
Linux, Windows Phone, Android
and iOS
Bluetooth History
The Bluetooth standard was originally
conceived by Dr. Jaap Haartsen at Ericsson
back in 1994.
In 1996, three industry leaders, Intel,
Ericsson, and Nokia, met to plan the
standardization of this short-range radio
technology to support connectivity and
collaboration between different products and
industries.
Bluetooth History
In 1988 the Bluetooth Special Interest Group
(SIG) was formed, which to this day
publishes and promotes the standard and its
subsequent revisions.
Bluetooth SIG initially only included
Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Nokia, and Toshiba, but
reached 4,000 members by the end of its
first year.
Sony Ericsson T36
The first Bluetooth mobile phone
was the Sony Ericsson T36.
The story behind how
Bluetooth
Surprisingly, the name dates back more than
a millennia to King Harald “Bluetooth”
Gormsson who was well known for two things:
1. Uniting Denmark and Norway in 958.
2. His dead tooth, which was a dark blue/grey
color, and earned him the nickname
Bluetooth.
The story behind how
Bluetooth
IEEE 802.15
Bluetooth can be used for:
Connecting devices
File sharing
Hotspot tethering
Security
Pros of using Bluetooth
Bluetooth technology allows you to connect
devices without the annoyance of wires.
Connecting devices with Bluetooth is quick
and easy. Plus, once two devices connect for
the first time, they’ll automatically connect
in the future.
Bluetooth technology allows you to connect
devices regardless of their manufacturer or
operating system.
Pros of using Bluetooth
Bluetooth technology allows for devices to maintain
multiple connections at once. For example, several
devices can connect to a tethered hotspot using
Bluetooth.
Whenever connecting to a Bluetooth device for the
first time, you’ll have to manually accept the
connection. While it’s still possible for somebody to
intercept your connection, this helps reduce the
risk of unknown users connecting to your device.
Cons of using Bluetooth
Using Bluetooth can drain your battery faster than a
wired connection.
Bluetooth technology makes it easy for users to find
other Bluetooth devices in the area, even if you’ve
never connected with them before.
Most Bluetooth devices tend to lose their
connection once the devices are further than 10
meters apart.
Cons of using Bluetooth
Transferring files over Bluetooth can be slower than
other technologies such as USB or Wi-Fi.
Why I can't Bluetooth
from iPhone to Android?
One of the main reasons for this is
compatibility issues. In layman's
terms, iOS allows the Bluetooth radio
to connect only with a specific list of
devices.
ZigBee
ZigBee is an open global standard
and is designed specifically to be
used in M2M (Machine to
Machine) networks.
ZigBee vs Wi-Fi
Zigbee protocol has much slower
speeds than WiFi, with only
250kbps data transfer speeds.
Because of this lower transfer
speed, Zigbee devices can
consume minuscule amounts of
energy.
Wi-Fi
WiFi (wireless fidelity) uses radio
waves (RF) to allow two devices to
communicate with one another.
Wi-Fi
The technology is most commonly
used to connect Internet routers to
devices like computers, tablets
and phones; however, it can be
used to connect together any two
hardware components.
Wireless Standard
USB Wi-Fi Adapter
A USB Wi-Fi adapter overrides the
computer's built-in wireless
functionality, giving you a faster,
more reliable connection to your
available network signals through
the USB port instead.
Benefits of a USB Wi-Fi
Adapter
There’s no tricky installation of
internal hardware.
It’s less expensive than other
upgrade options since you're not
paying someone for the repair
work
Benefits of a USB Wi-Fi
Adapter
There’s no tricky installation of
internal hardware.
It’s less expensive than other
upgrade options since you're not
paying someone for the repair
work.
Benefits of a USB Wi-Fi
Adapter
It gives new life to an old machine,
garnering quicker connection speeds.
AC adapters also support beamforming,
a technology that concentrates the
signals from a Wi-Fi router on specific
devices instead of broadcasting them
to a general area.
Mobile Communication
Mobile radio communication allows
establishing connection to the mobile
subscriber irrespective of their
geographical location.
Mobile requires radio switching
networks, namely digital cellular
mobile radio networks.
Mobile Communication
Via the radio interface the mobile
subscriber (MS) can access the mobile
radio network, known as radio
interface.
On the stationary network side the
radio interface is served by base
station (BS).
Mobile Communication
On the mobile network side, the
subscriber uses mobile equipment.
A fully digital interface, as employed in
GSM/DCS is the basis of digital mobile
radio network.
Note:
GSM = Global System for Mobile Communication.
DCS = Digital Communication System
Digital cellular Mobile
Radio Network
The smallest service area in a mobile
radio network is called radio cell. The
totality of these cells forms a so called
cellular mobile radio network.
Digital cellular Mobile
Radio Network
Every cell is served by a base station.
The base stations are connected to the mobile
switching center (MSC) in star shaped
configuration.
Global Network Types
Digital cellular Mobile
Radio Network
GSM
The Global System for Mobile Communications
(GSM) is a standard developed by the
European Telecommunications Standards
Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for
second-generation (2G) digital cellular
networks used by mobile devices such as
mobile phones and tablets. It was first
deployed in Finland in December 1991.
Generation of network
Features of every
Network Generation
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