GESTALT

THERAPY

Al F. Quillope, PhD
Counseling Psychology
REVIEW
 CONGRATULATIONS!

ZAMBAS, REALYN S. 1.1

TUYOR, AMANAH A. 1.3
GANI, KHALID A. 1.6
MADRIDANO, JEFONE GWEN U. 1.7
RAYOS, PERSEUS STRONG S. 1.8
SARCOL, STEFFI VIENN M. 1.9
 OBJECTIVES

• To explain the fundamental principles of Gestalt psychology, including the

concepts of "the whole is different from the sum of its parts," figure-ground
relationship, and the importance of perception in organizing stimuli.
• To demonstrate the ability to identify and apply Gestalt principles in real-
world examples, such as visual illusions, advertising, and everyday situations,
showcasing an understanding of how these principles operate in perception.
• To evaluate both the strengths and weaknesses of Gestalt psychology,
considering its contributions to psychology as well as common criticisms,
fostering a nuanced understanding of the approach.
• To apply Gestalt principles in practical scenarios, such as designing visual
displays, user interfaces, or presentations, demonstrating an ability to
integrate theoretical knowledge into practical applications.
 MOTIVATIONAL ACTIVITY –
FILL IN THE BLANK

1. In Gestalt therapy, the term "______" refers to a person's ongoing process of

discovery and self-realization.
2. The emphasis in Gestalt therapy is on the "______," where the individual
becomes aware of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in the present
moment.
3. The "______" is a technique in Gestalt therapy where the therapist encourages
clients to express the internal dialogue happening in their minds.
4. Gestalt therapy places importance on taking ______ for one's actions and
choices rather than placing blame.
5. According to Gestalt therapy, the goal is to help individuals achieve "______," a
state of harmonious integration of their thoughts, feelings, and actions.
 MOTIVATIONAL ACTIVITY –
FILL IN THE BLANK
ANSWERS

1. In Gestalt therapy, the term "awareness" refers to a person's ongoing process

of discovery and self-realization.
2. The emphasis in Gestalt therapy is on the "here and now," where the individual
becomes aware of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in the present
moment.
3. The "empty chair" is a technique in Gestalt therapy where the therapist
encourages clients to express the internal dialogue happening in their minds.
4. Gestalt therapy places importance on taking responsibility for one's actions
and choices rather than placing blame.
5. According to Gestalt therapy, the goal is to help individuals achieve "integration,
" a state of harmonious integration of their thoughts, feelings, and actions.
 FRITZ PERLS

• Fritz Perls, born Frederick Salomon Perls, was a psychotherapist and

psychiatrist who co-founded Gestalt therapy, an influential
psychotherapeutic approach. He was born on July 8, 1893, in Berlin,
Germany, and passed away on March 14, 1970.
• Fritz Perls, along with his wife Laura Perls, developed Gestalt therapy in
the 1940s. Gestalt therapy focuses on the present moment,
emphasizing personal responsibility and the individual's experience in
the current situation. It encourages self-awareness, personal
responsibility, and the integration of mind and body.
• Perls studied medicine in Berlin and initially trained as a psychiatrist. He
later pursued psychoanalysis and became associated with the
psychoanalytic community.
 FRITZ PERLS

• Perls, being Jewish, fled Nazi Germany in the 1930s and eventually settled in
the United States. He began practicing psychotherapy and became
associated with the humanistic psychology movement.
• Perls wrote several books, including "Gestalt Therapy: Excitement and
Growth in the Human Personality," which contributed to the dissemination
and popularity of Gestalt therapy.
• Perls was known for his unconventional and sometimes confrontational
therapeutic techniques. He believed in challenging clients to take personal
responsibility for their actions and experiences.
• Despite controversies and criticism, Gestalt therapy has had a lasting
impact on the field of psychotherapy. It continues to be practiced and has
influenced subsequent therapeutic approaches.
 LAURA POSNER PERLS

• Laura Posner Perls, born in 1905 in Pforzheim, Germany, was a

psychotherapist and one of the co-founders of Gestalt therapy along
with her husband, Fritz Perls.
• Laura Perls played a crucial role alongside Fritz Perls in the development
and evolution of Gestalt therapy. Together, they formulated the
principles and practices that would define this therapeutic approach.
• Laura Perls earned her medical degree in 1929 and then went on to
study psychoanalysis. She met Fritz Perls during her psychoanalytic
training, and they later married.
• Similar to Fritz, Laura Perls fled Nazi Germany in the 1930s due to their
Jewish heritage. They settled in South Africa for a period before
eventually moving to the United States.
 LAURA POSNER PERLS

• Laura and Fritz Perls collaborated closely in developing and promoting

Gestalt therapy. They co-authored the influential book "Gestalt Therapy:
Excitement and Growth in the Human Personality.”
• After Fritz's death in 1970, Laura continued to work as a psychotherapist
and educator, further developing and disseminating Gestalt therapy. She
conducted training workshops and contributed to the ongoing evolution
of the approach.
• Laura Perls had a significant impact on the training and supervision of
Gestalt therapists. She was involved in establishing training programs
and organizations dedicated to Gestalt therapy education.
• Laura Perls passed away in 1990. Her contributions, along with those of
Fritz Perls, left a lasting legacy in the field of psychotherapy. Gestalt
therapy remains a distinct and influential therapeutic approach.
 GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY

• Gestalt psychology is a school of psychology that focuses on

how people perceive and experience the world as a whole,
emphasizing the importance of patterns, organization, and the
holistic nature of mental processes.
• Developed in the early 20th century in Germany, Gestalt
psychology emerged as a reaction against the reductionist
approach of structuralism and behaviorism.
• Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Köhler, and Kurt Koffka were
pioneers in the Gestalt movement, conducting groundbreaking
research that shaped the foundation of this psychological
approach.
 GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY

• Key Principles:
• The Whole is Different from the Sum of Its Parts:
Gestalt psychologists argue that our perception
goes beyond individual elements, emphasizing the
significance of the overall pattern or configuration.
• The Mind Organizes: The mind naturally organizes
stimuli into meaningful wholes, even when
presented with incomplete information.
IMAGE
 VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE

• Holism. Gestalt therapy sees individuals as integrated

wholes, more than the sum of their parts. It emphasizes the
importance of understanding the whole person, considering
their thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and experiences in the
present moment.
• Here and Now. The focus is on the present moment.
Gestalt therapists believe that true understanding and
growth occur in the present rather than dwelling on the past
or worrying about the future. Awareness and exploration of
current thoughts, emotions, and behaviors are central to the
therapeutic process.
 VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE

• Field Theory. Gestalt therapy employs the concept of the "

organism-environment field." This field represents the
individual's immediate experience and the context in which it
occurs. The therapy aims to help individuals become more
aware of their field and how they relate to their environment.
• Awareness. Gestalt therapy places a high value on self-
awareness. It is believed that increased awareness leads to a
deeper understanding of one's emotions, behaviors, and
relationships. Clients are encouraged to explore their internal
experiences, thoughts, and feelings in the "here and now.”
 VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE

• Responsibility. Individuals are seen as responsible for

their thoughts, feelings, and actions. Gestalt therapy
encourages clients to take ownership of their
experiences and choices, fostering a sense of
personal responsibility for their lives.
• Contact and Relationship. Gestalt therapy places
significance on the quality of contact and relationship
between individuals. It emphasizes the importance of
authentic and meaningful connections with others,
promoting healthy communication and mutual
understanding.
 VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE

• Creative Adjustment. Gestalt therapy recognizes that

individuals have the capacity for creative adjustment.
This means that people can adapt and grow in
response to their environment and life circumstances,
finding new and adaptive ways of coping.
• Integration of Mind and Body. The approach
acknowledges the interconnectedness of mind and
body. Gestalt therapy encourages individuals to pay
attention to their physical sensations, emotions, and
thoughts, recognizing the importance of the mind-
body connection.
 THE NOW - PHENOMENOLOGICAL INQUIRY

• In Gestalt therapy, "The Now" refers to the current moment,

where past, present, and future converge. It's a dynamic
space for self-discovery and awareness.
• The present moment is considered the primary source of
understanding and change. It's where individuals can
directly experience their thoughts, feelings, and actions,
leading to greater self-awareness.
• Phenomenological inquiry encourages living in awareness,
allowing individuals to fully engage with their immediate
experience without judgment or preconceived notions.
 THE NOW - PHENOMENOLOGICAL INQUIRY

• Questions for Exploration

- What are you experiencing in this very moment?
- How does your body feel right now?
- What thoughts are currently occupying your mind?

Exploring "The Now" facilitates a deeper connection

with oneself, fostering personal responsibility and
creative adjustment. It's a transformative journey
toward holistic well-being.
 UNFINISHED BUSINESS

• Unfinished business in Gestalt therapy refers to

unresolved emotions, thoughts, or actions from the
past that continue to impact the present. It
represents incomplete gestalts that need attention.
• It may manifest as lingering emotions, unresolved
conflicts, or unexpressed feelings. Identifying
unfinished business is crucial for personal growth
and well-being.
 UNFINISHED BUSINESS

• Unresolved issues can hinder personal development,

causing distress and limiting one's ability to be fully
present. Addressing unfinished business promotes
closure and integration.
• Unfinished business can affect relationships,
decision-making, and overall emotional well-being. By
acknowledging and working through it, individuals can
free themselves from its lingering effects.
 UNFINISHED BUSINESS

• Therapeutic Process. Gestalt therapy provides a safe

space to explore and process unfinished business.
Through techniques like role-playing and dialogue,
individuals can gain insights and achieve a sense of
closure.
• Completing unfinished business empowers
individuals to take responsibility for their experiences,
fostering a sense of closure and allowing for more
authentic engagement with the present.
 CONTACT AND RESISTANCES TO CONTACT

• Contact refers to the dynamic interaction between the

individual and their environment. It involves fully engaging
with the present moment, fostering awareness, and
connecting with oneself and others.
• Sensation - Engaging the senses to fully experience the
present.
• Emotion - Acknowledging and expressing one's feelings
authentically.
• Cognition - Thoughtfully processing and understanding
experiences.
 CONTACT AND RESISTANCES TO CONTACT

• Resistances to Contact
• Introjection - Incorporating external expectations
without personal evaluation.
• Projection - Attributing one's feelings or thoughts to
others.
• Deflection - Avoiding direct engagement or changing
the topic.
 CONTACT AND RESISTANCES TO CONTACT

• Resistances are protective mechanisms that may

hinder genuine contact. Recognizing and exploring
these resistances is essential for personal growth.
• In Gestalt therapy, therapists guide individuals to
explore resistances, facilitating a deeper
understanding of their patterns and promoting more
authentic contact with themselves and others.
• Embracing genuine contact enhances self-awareness,
enriches relationships, and promotes holistic well-
being.
 ENERGY AND BLOCKS TO ENERGY

• Energy is the life force that propels individuals forward

and fuels their actions. In Gestalt therapy, energy is
viewed as the essence of vitality and engagement with
the world.
• Healthy functioning involves a smooth flow of energy,
allowing individuals to adapt, connect, and experience
life fully. It's the dynamic force behind creativity and
well-being.
• Blocks are obstacles that disrupt the natural flow of
energy, hindering personal growth and causing distress.
Identifying and addressing these blocks is crucial for
 ENERGY AND BLOCKS TO ENERGY

• Common Blocks
Unfinished Business - Lingering unresolved issues that drain
energy.
Resistance to Change - Fear or reluctance to embrace new
experiences.
Suppression of Emotions - Avoidance or repression of
feelings.
• Blocked energy can manifest as physical tension, emotional
numbness, or a sense of stagnation. It limits one's capacity
for authentic living and self-expression.
 ENERGY AND BLOCKS TO ENERGY

• In Gestalt therapy, individuals explore and

release blocks to energy through experiential
techniques. This process involves becoming
aware of physical sensations, emotions, and
thought patterns.
• By addressing and releasing blocks,
individuals can tap into their creative and
adaptive energy, promoting a sense of
aliveness and empowerment.
THERAPEUTIC PROCESS IN
GESTALT THERAPY
 THERAPEUTIC PROCESS IN GESTALT
THERAPY

• Gestalt therapy is a dynamic and experiential

approach that emphasizes the "here and now."
The therapeutic process unfolds through a
collaborative exploration between the
therapist and the individual.
 PHASES OF THE THERAPEUTIC PROCESS

1. Contact - Building a therapeutic relationship and

establishing a safe space for exploration.
2. Awareness - Fostering self-awareness of thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors in the present moment.
3. Experimentation - Engaging in experiential exercises
and role-playing to explore different perspectives and
behaviors.
4. Integration - Bringing awareness and insights into a
cohesive understanding of the self.
 CLIENT-CENTERED APPROACH

• The therapeutic process is client-centered, with the therapist

guiding and facilitating the exploration of the client's unique
experiences and challenges.
Key Techniques
• Empty Chair Technique - Exploring unresolved issues or
dialogues with significant figures.
• Role-playing - Experiencing and understanding situations from
different perspectives.
• Experiments - Engaging in experiential activities to enhance
awareness and insight.
 THERAPEUTIC GOALS IN GESTALT THERAPY

Holistic Well-Being
• - The primary goal of Gestalt therapy is to promote
holistic well-being, encompassing mental, emotional,
and physical aspects. This involves fostering a sense
of integration and balance.
Increased Awareness
• - Enhancing self-awareness is a fundamental goal.
Through mindful exploration of the present moment,
individuals gain insights into their thoughts, emotions,
and behaviors.
 THERAPEUTIC GOALS IN GESTALT THERAPY

Personal Responsibility
• Gestalt therapy encourages individuals to take
responsibility for their choices and actions. This
empowers them to make intentional decisions and
live authentically.
Creative Adjustment
• The therapeutic process aims to facilitate creative
adjustment, enabling individuals to adapt to their
environment in more adaptive and fulfilling ways.
 RESOLUTION OF UNFINISHED BUSINESS

Addressing and resolving unfinished business from the past is a

crucial goal. This involves acknowledging and integrating
unresolved emotions and experiences.
Therapeutic Outcomes
• Increased Self-Acceptance - Embracing oneself with greater
compassion.
• Improved Relationships - Enhancing the quality of connections
with others.
• Enhanced Coping Skills - Developing adaptive strategies for life
challenges.
 ONGOING GROWTH

Gestalt therapy views personal growth as an ongoing, lifelong

process. Clients are encouraged to continue self-exploration and
mindfulness beyond the formal therapeutic sessions.
• Integration of Learning - The insights gained during the
therapeutic process are integrated into everyday life. Individuals
apply their awareness and understanding to navigate challenges
and make conscious choices.
• Cultivating Resilience - Ongoing growth involves cultivating
resilience, adapting to change, and embracing new opportunities
for personal development.
 THERAPIST’S FUNCTION AND ROLE

• The therapist's function and role in Gestalt therapy are

distinctive and involve facilitating a collaborative and
experiential exploration of the client's present
experiences.
 THERAPIST'S FUNCTION AND ROLE

1. Creating a Safe and Supportive Environment - The therapist

establishes a safe and non-judgmental space for the client to
explore their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Trust and
rapport are crucial for the therapeutic process.

2. Developing the Therapeutic Relationship - Building a strong

therapeutic relationship is a foundational aspect. The
therapist works to create a trusting alliance, emphasizing
empathy, authenticity, and genuine connection.
 THERAPIST’S FUNCTION AND ROLE

3. Focusing on the "Here and Now” - Gestalt therapy

places a significant emphasis on the present moment.
The therapist helps the client stay focused on their
current experiences, encouraging awareness of
thoughts, emotions, and behaviors as they unfold.
4. Encouraging Self-Exploration and Awareness - The
therapist facilitates the client's exploration of their
experiences, guiding them to become more aware of
their internal processes. This involves asking open-
ended questions and encouraging reflection.
 THERAPIST’S FUNCTION AND ROLE

5. Utilizing Experiential Techniques - Gestalt therapists

employ various experiential techniques to deepen the
client's understanding. Techniques such as the Empty
Chair, role-playing, and other experiments are used to
bring awareness to different aspects of the client's
experience.
6. Highlighting Patterns and Blocks - The therapist helps
the client identify recurring patterns, resistances, and
blocks to contact and energy flow. Bringing these
patterns into awareness allows for exploration and
potential resolution.
 THERAPIST’S FUNCTION AND ROLE

7. Challenging and Supporting - The therapist plays a

dual role of challenging and supporting the client.
Challenging involves gently confronting inconsistencies
or avoidance, while supporting entails offering empathy
and validation.
8. Facilitating Closure and Integration - Gestalt therapy
often involves helping clients complete unfinished
business from the past. The therapist supports the
integration of insights gained during therapy into the
client's overall understanding of self.
 THERAPIST’S FUNCTION AND ROLE

9. Encouraging Personal Responsibility - The therapist

promotes personal responsibility by encouraging clients
to take ownership of their thoughts, feelings, and
actions. This empowers clients to make intentional
choices.
10. Cultivating Awareness of Body Language - Gestalt
therapists pay attention to non-verbal cues and body
language, considering them as integral components of
the client's experience. This includes awareness of
posture, gestures, and facial expressions.
 THERAPIST’S FUNCTION AND ROLE

11. Modeling Self-Awareness and Authenticity - The

therapist serves as a model for self-awareness and
authenticity. Demonstrating openness and a willingness
to engage in the present moment encourages the client
to do the same.
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT

• The relationship between the therapist and the client

in Gestalt therapy is considered central to the
therapeutic process. This relationship is characterized
by specific qualities and dynamics that contribute to
the effectiveness of the therapy.
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT

1. Collaboration and Co-Creation - The therapist and

client work together in a collaborative manner. The
therapeutic relationship is viewed as a partnership
where both parties contribute to the co-creation of
meaning and understanding.
2. Mutual Respect and Empathy - Mutual respect and
empathy form the foundation of the therapist-client
relationship. The therapist demonstrates understanding,
acceptance, and genuine concern for the client's
experience.
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT

3. Authenticity and Transparency - Gestalt therapists

are encouraged to be authentic and transparent. This
means being genuine, open, and honest in the
therapeutic relationship. Authenticity helps build trust
and creates a safe space for exploration.
4. Here-and-Now Focus - The relationship is grounded
in the present moment. Both the therapist and the client
attend to their immediate experiences and interactions
during the session, fostering awareness and connection
in real-time.
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT

5. Immediate Experience of the Therapist - The

therapist shares their immediate experience in the
session. This may include disclosing feelings, thoughts,
or bodily sensations, contributing to the authenticity of
the relationship and modeling self-awareness.
6. Experimentation and Exploration - The therapist
guides the client in experimenting with new behaviors,
perspectives, and ways of relating. The therapeutic
relationship becomes a laboratory for exploring and
understanding patterns of interaction.
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT

7. Contact and Withdrawal Dynamics - The therapist

pays attention to the contact and withdrawal dynamics
within the therapeutic relationship. This includes
exploring moments of connection as well as
understanding when there is a tendency to avoid or
withdraw.
8. Challenging and Supporting - The therapist takes on
the role of challenging and supporting the client.
Challenging involves gently confronting inconsistencies
or avoidance, while supporting entails offering empathy
and validation.
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT

9. Awareness of Non-Verbal Cues - Both the therapist

and the client attend to non-verbal cues, recognizing
the importance of body language, gestures, and facial
expressions in conveying and understanding emotions
and experiences.
10. Respecting Boundaries and Limits - Clear and
respectful boundaries are maintained within the
therapeutic relationship. This includes defining the
roles of therapist and client, ensuring a safe and ethical
environment.
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT

11. Promoting Personal Responsibility - The therapist

encourages the client to take personal responsibility for
their thoughts, feelings, and actions. This
empowerment fosters a sense of agency and self-
determination.
12. Closure and Integration - The therapeutic
relationship aims to facilitate closure and integration.
As the therapy progresses, the therapist helps the client
integrate insights and experiences into their overall
sense of self.
 GESTALT THERAPY INTERVENTIONS

• Gestalt therapy employs a variety of interventions

designed to promote self-awareness, exploration of
present experiences, and the integration of conflicting
aspects of oneself. These interventions are often
experiential and aim to facilitate holistic
understanding.
 GESTALT THERAPY INTERVENTIONS

1. Empty Chair Technique - The client engages in a

dialogue with an imagined person or part of themselves
by sitting in one chair and then moving to another to
represent different perspectives. This can help explore
conflicting emotions or unresolved issues.
2. Role-playing - Clients are encouraged to role-play
different aspects of themselves, allowing them to
explore and gain insight into their own experiences
from various viewpoints.
 GESTALT THERAPY INTERVENTIONS

3. Experiments - Experiential exercises or experiments

are designed to bring awareness to specific patterns,
behaviors, or emotions. For example, a client may be
asked to exaggerate a behavior to highlight its
significance.
4. Guided Fantasy - The therapist guides the client
through an imagined scenario to explore feelings,
thoughts, and experiences related to a particular issue
or concern.
 GESTALT THERAPY INTERVENTIONS

5. Two-Chair Technique - Similar to the Empty Chair

Technique, this involves using two chairs to represent
conflicting aspects or voices within the client. The
client moves between the chairs to express and explore
different feelings or perspectives.
6. Body Awareness - Gestalt therapists pay attention to
bodily sensations and encourage clients to become
aware of physical experiences, such as tension,
relaxation, or changes in posture, to gain insight into
emotional states.
 GESTALT THERAPY INTERVENTIONS

7. Language and Word Choices - Therapists pay

attention to the client's language and may encourage
the use of "I" statements to promote self-awareness
and personal responsibility.
8. Focused Awareness - The therapist guides the client
to pay focused attention to specific aspects of their
experience, such as a particular emotion or bodily
sensation.
 GESTALT THERAPY INTERVENTIONS

9. Dream Work: - Exploring dreams and their symbolic

meanings can be part of Gestalt therapy. Clients are
encouraged to describe and embody different elements
of a dream to gain insight.
10. Dialogue and Questioning - Therapists engage in a
dialogue with clients, asking open-ended questions to
explore thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in the present
moment. The therapist's questions are designed to
deepen awareness.
 GESTALT THERAPY INTERVENTIONS

11. Body Language Observation - Gestalt therapists pay

attention to the client's non-verbal communication,
including gestures, facial expressions, and body
language, as it provides additional information about
the client's experience.
12. Top-Dog/Under-Dog Exploration - This intervention
involves exploring the internal conflict between the
critical "Top-Dog" voice (inner critic) and the
submissive "Under-Dog" voice. It helps clients become
aware of self-judgment and internal conflicts.
 CRITIQUE

• While Gestalt therapy has been influential and

beneficial for many individuals, it is not without its
critiques.
• Lack of Empirical Evidence
• Subjectivity and Lack of Standardization
• Potential for Overemphasis on Emotion
• Confrontational Techniques
• Criticisms of Encounter Groups
• Limited Applicability to Certain Issues
• Challenge of Measuring Success
• Relatively Brief Nature of Therapy
• Integration of Philosophical Concepts
SUMMARY
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Who were the founders of Gestalt therapy?

a) Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung
b) Fritz Perls and Laura Perls
c) Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck
d) B.F. Skinner and John Watson
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

2. Gestalt therapy is often considered a(n) __________

approach to counseling.
a) Analytical
b) Integrative
c) Humanistic
d) Behavioral
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

3. Which principle is central to Gestalt therapy's view of

human nature?
a) Determinism
b) Holism
c) Reductionism
d) Behaviorism
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

4. The concept of "unfinished business" in Gestalt

therapy refers to:
a) Unresolved childhood conflicts
b) Unexpressed emotions from the past
c) Incomplete goals for the future
d) Unacknowledged dreams
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

5. What does the term "confluence" represent in

Gestalt therapy?
a) Integration of conflicting aspects
b) Strong self-boundaries
c) Emotional detachment
d) Awareness of present experiences
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

6. Which technique in Gestalt therapy involves focusing

on body sensations and promoting mindfulness?
a) Dream analysis
b) Empty chair technique
c) Two-chair technique
d) Body awareness exercise
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

7. Gestalt therapy often uses the term "phobic

avoidance" to describe:
a) Fear of open spaces
b) Avoidance of strong emotions
c) Fear of specific objects or situations
d) Avoidance of social interactions
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

8. According to Gestalt therapy, the "top dog" in an

individual represents:
a) Rational thinking
b) The critical parent
c) Spontaneity and creativity
d) The nurturing parent
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

9. The concept of "here and now" in Gestalt therapy

refers to:
a) Future possibilities
b) Past traumas
c) Present moment experience
d) Dream analysis
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

10. Gestalt therapy places importance on the idea that

individuals should focus on:
a) Setting prlong-term goals
b) Engaging in self-reflection
c) Establishing rigid routines
d) Embracing the esent moment
 MULTIPLE CHOICE - ANSWERS

1. b) Fritz Perls and Laura Perls

2. c) Humanistic
3. b) Holism
4. b) Unexpressed emotions from the past
5. c) Emotional detachment
6. d) Body awareness exercise
7. b) Avoidance of strong emotions
8. b) The critical parent
9. c) Present moment experience
10. d) Embracing the present moment
Questions?
Comments?
Insights?
 EVALUATIVE ACTIVITY:
THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUE

• Choose 1 Gestalt Therapeutic Technique

• Perform this technique with your counseling partner.
• No more scripts. Be natural and be consistent.
• You may speak in visaya.
• Record your session.
• Submit the link in our portal.