Astronomical
Data Science…..
Jayati Vijaywargiya Day - 1
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Have you heard the words?
Space Telescope
Have you heard the words?
Hubble Telescope
Black hole
Have you heard the words?
Hubble Telescope
Black hole
Galaxy
Have you heard the words?
Hubble Telescope
Black hole
Galaxy
Image processing
In 1905, Einstein’s ideas about the universe
were considered improbable and
unbelievable.
UNTIL FOUND
Over the last century, new technology has provided new evidence for the Big
Bang, black holes, and even Dark Energy.
New technology has
provided new evidence
for the Big Bang, black
holes, and even Dark
Energy.
Space telescope
What is Space Telescope..
Especially made for the purpose of observing space objects from outer space
Hubble
telescope
● Revolutionary spacecraft
● By NASA
● To explore the limits of
space and time,
● And offer scientists and us
an opportunity to put our
own research into a
technological context
The Hubble Space Telescope,
Why does NASA put telescopes in space? Location,
location, location!
● Stars twinkle in our night sky due to distorting,
or bending, of the starlight by the Earth’s
atmosphere.
● This distortion is like looking at an object
through a glass of water.
● Large telescopes here on the ground—which
also must peer through Earth’s atmosphere—are
equally vulnerable to our atmosphere’s visual
tricks.
One of the contribution of hubble telescope
Black hole detection
Black hole
A black hole is a place in space where
gravity pulls so much that even light
can not get out.
The gravity is so strong because
matter has been squeezed into a tiny
space. This can happen when a star is
dying.
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How does black hole look like ?
In 2019, the Event Horizon
Telescope (EHT) collaboration
produced the first-ever image of a
black hole, which lies at the center
of the M87 galaxy 55 million
light-years from Earth. The image
showed a bright ring with a dark
center, which is the black hole's
shadow.
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But Why Is everyone researching about it???
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● Not only to prove the
existence of black holes,
but also to understand
the physics of black holes
and their surrounding
environments.
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● Black holes are
laboratories for testing
fundamental theories
that explain how the
Universe works on the
largest and the smallest
scales (e.g., GR and
Quantum Physics).
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● In addition to the
fundamental physical
theories, there are many
details of plasma physics
that are not completely
understood.
● Properties of the hot gas
surrounding and being
pulled into the black hole
beyond the event horizon
are not fully known.
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Why is it important to understand theory…..
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To develop theory…..
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Example
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This is just one example
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Why black holes…..
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How can we
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Course structure
Digital Image Processing
Astronomical
Computer Vision
Data Science
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Deep Learning
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Basics of Astronomy
Data science basics
How ???
Understanding astronomical data
Applying data science on
astronomical data
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Workshop structure
Day 1 Orientation
Day 2 Introduction to image processing and
astronomy data format
Day 3 Image processing filters
Day 4 Introduction to computer vision - lecture
Edge detection coding
Day 5 Introduction to python for astronomy
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Workshop structure
Day 1 Galaxy observation - EDA
Day 2 Galaxy observation - Recap + data
visualization
Day 3 Image processing on galaxy data
Day 4 Feature extraction on galaxy data & more
Day 5 Black hole detection
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Workshop structure - Week 4
Day 1-5 Assignment
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Workshop structure
Day 1 ML for astronomy
Day 2 Introduction to CNN
Day 3 Implementing CNN on galaxy data
Day 4 More complex CNN
Day 5 Special session
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What’s the benefit ??
Where you can use it ??
What next as a carrier opt ??
More doubts on to it…….
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Competitions
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Happy
Learning !!
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Introduction to astronomy
● Astronomy is the study of everything in the universe beyond Earth’s atmosphere.
● That includes objects we can see with our naked eyes, like the Sun , the Moon , the
planets, and the stars .
● It also includes objects we can only see with telescopes or other instruments, like
faraway galaxies and tiny particles.
● And it even includes questions about things we can't see at all, like dark matter and dark
energy . 60
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How can we tell how far away a star is?
● One clue is its brightness.
● Distant stars look dimmer than they would if we were close to
them.
● But that clue isn’t very reliable, because stars vary a lot in their
brightness.
● So astronomers rely on measurements of something called
parallax to figure out the distances of stars.
● They look at a nearby star from two different places and
compare its position relative to other, much more distant stars.
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Another challenge - everything is moving
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Gravity holds everything together
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The universe contains mysterious, invisible stuff
● So far we’ve talked about things we can detect with our eyes and our
tools, like galaxies, stars, and planets.
● These objects (and even trees, puppies, and ourselves) are all called
matter.
● But did you know that there are things in the universe that we can’t
detect, no matter what instruments we use?
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The universe contains mysterious, invisible stuff
● They’re called dark matter and dark energy.
● Dark matter doesn't give off light like a galaxy or absorb light like
a black hole. Scientists know it exists because it has a
gravitational pull, just like normal matter.
● Dark energy is a mysterious pressure working in opposition to
gravity, pushing matter apart.
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Scientists still don’t know very much about dark
matter and dark energy, but they are hard at
work trying to find out more. Maybe one of those
scientists will be you!
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It takes a team of people working together to
study the universe
● When you think of an astronomer, maybe you’re imagining
someone using a telescope to collect data about objects in the
sky.
● Some astronomers do that—they’re called observational
astronomers.
● But there are lots of other kinds of astronomers too!
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It takes a team of people working together to
study the universe
● Do you like to build things?
● Make things work?
● Write computer programs?
● Solve equations?
● There are astronomers who do all different things like these.
The universe is vast, with so much left to discover! Where do you
want to look next?
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Now, we are waiting to hear from you…….
