MASTER DATA
Data stored in SAP R/3 is categorized as
1. Master Data and
2. Transactional Data.: in transactional data we transfer data by client to client .via
transport request .
Master Data in common for all module. Every module in SAP like MM, SD,FI has own
master data .It is the data which is stored centrally and used in day to day transactions.
It remains consistent over a period but can to be updated when required. It acts as a
source of data for various business transactions in SAP. Master data is classified into
different types
Example of Master Data
Material Master: - It is the details of the products which we store centrally and use in
day to day transactions. Ex- Specification of products, weight. A material master file
stores and maintains all of the information related to managing a material. The material
master is sorted on the basis of different criteria.
Customer Master: - It is the details of the customer which is stored centrally and used in
day to day transaction. Ex. – Customer Name, address, communication details, payment
info, sales info, etc.
Vendor master data Vendors are your suppliers of goods and services. Vendor
Master Data records contain all the pertinent data needed to place orders, post
invoices and issue payments. We can consider each individual vendor master record
as a sub-ledger.
Source list master data Source list includes a list of possible sources of supply for a
material over a given framework of time. Source list specifies the time period of
ordering a particular material from a given vendor. Source list can be copied from
one plant to another plant
purchase info record master data : A purchasing info record serves as a source of
information for Purchasing. It contains data on a certain material supplied by a
certain vendor. A purchasing info record contains data such as the following: The
current prices and conditions for the responsible purchasing organization or plant.
G/L account master data It defines how business transactions are posted on
G/L accounts and how the posting data is processed. The master data for an account
must exist before any postings can be made to the account.
Service master : It record contains the details of all the services that can be
procured from an external vendor within an organization. It contains the description
of services along with their unit of measure. Service master record serves as a
reference for creating service purchase order, but it is not necessary.
Quota master, we can give the quantity and percentage for a vendor, so if we
maintain many vendors in source list, system will take the correct vendor with
comparison of quantity of document and quota arrangement.
Material Master: in this we have two part
Material Type , Material Group .
A material type is the definition of a group of materials with similar attributes, such as
raw material, semi-finished material, finished material or consumable material. We
must assign a material type to each record entered into the Material Master.
Some SAP-provided material types include:-
ROH- Raw Material
HALB- Semi Finished material
FERT- Finished material
HAWA- Trading material
Non Valuated Material – it is a damaged material.
Non Stock Material – just like paid transport charges to vendor .
Packaging charges , insurance [ we also use it under other charges]
Material Group is a method of categorizing materials having the same attributes. Inside
material types we can divide products into different material groups.
ROH: Raw Materials
The raw material is purchased material that is fed into the production process and may result in
a finished product. No sales data exists for a raw material because this material type is not sold.
To reclassify a raw material for sale then the material type would be changed to HAWA for
trading goods.
TCode : MM01 use for Materials Create
MM02 use for Materials Update / Change
MM03 use for Materials View / Display
Material View
Basic Views
Basic views are views with general information about our material. Obligatory fields you
need to insert in order to save changes are
1. Material description: LCD TV 40″ – this can be maintained in various
languages.
2. Base unit of measure (often referred to as Base UOM): PCS – this is the unit of
measure in which material stock is managed. For a TV set, it’s natural to be a
piece. You can also use meter, kilogram, or any other unit you have defined and
is suitable for material.
3. Division: 10 – Division for the material, you could create divisions 10, 20, 30, 40
for finished goods, trading goods, services, and other materials, so you can
categorize them in this way. We have selected division 10 for our material since it
is finished goods.
4. General Item category group: NORM – Standard item. Used throughout the
system, this indicator has an effect on sales and stock transfer processing as it is
used in item category determination.
5. Weight unit: Kg – unit in which product weight is entered.
6. Gross weight: 26,988 – gross weight of 1 unit of product in weight unit. Net
weight: 24,651 – net weight of 1 unit of product in weight unit
Purchasing View
In purchasing view, we can find several fields already present at previously covered
views like Freight group, plant special material status etc. We also have few new fields
available only from Purchasing view.
Purchasing group: you can define various purchasing groups like raw material
purchasing, trading goods purchasing, service purchasing etc. This value will be
the default value for all the items entered in purchasing documents.
Order unit: default unit used for ordering this material. We have used pallet as
default so if we enter a quantity of 10 it means we are requesting 10 pallets of the
material (120 pieces in this case). You can see the Purchasing values section
in this view. The only field you have to populate is the Purchasing value
key which is maintained in customizing consisting of all the values you can see in
this section (under delivery tolerance, over delivery tolerance). When you define
the key in customizing, the values from the key are transferred to all the fields in
this section.
Accounting 1 View
Data entered in this view determines the way that Accounting will be processed for this
material. Data is supplied by your FI/CO team, and background customizing by your
FI/CO consultant.
Valuation class: depending on your system settings, but valuation class is in
most times influenced by material type, so you will have a valuation class for
finished goods, and another for trading goods. In our case valuation class, 7920
is SAP default class for finished goods. For HALB, this class is 7900 by default,
and for ROH we can use 3000.
Valuation Class for sales order stock: you can assign a valuation class for
sales order stock to override the default valuation class defined in field 1 –
Valuation Class. Not recommended.
Price control: this indicated which type of internal price will be used for the
material. It can be set to S – standard cost, or V moving average price (variable
price). In most cases, S is used for finished goods while V is used for trading
goods, but the settings depend on your SD/FI/CO teams preference.
[Standard price are used for products that do not fluctuated frequently. It is usually
used for finished or semi finished products.
Moving average price are used mainly for raw materials that are purchased externally.
The advantage of using moving average price for your raw materials is that your
inventory costs will always reflect the current market cost.]
Moving price: you can populate this field if price control is set to V.
Standard price: you can populate this field if price control is set to S. Your
controlling team can use transactions for generating these prices based on the
information contained in production orders, purchase orders, so that these prices
don’t have to be entered manually for each material. We can also
maintain Valuation Category field, which determines whether stocks of the
material are valuated together or separately
T.Code : MM50 use for add view
Standard price And Moving price both record in Price Info Record
Old Material No And External no range and control code in the point of HSN code
for GST [ confusion]
Where we set HSN code for item?
