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‘THE WEST AFRICAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL,
‘West African Senior School Certificate Examination
for School Candidates
SC 2020 BIOLOGY 2&1 2% hours
Do aot open this booklet until you are told to do so. While you are waiting, read the
following instructions carefully.
Write your name and index number in ink in the spaces provided at the top right-hand
corner of this booklet. ,
nswer Paper 2 which comes first, in your answer
ur sheet. Paper 2 will last for 1 hour
ected. Do not start Paper 1 until you
This booklet consists of two papers. An
booklet and Paper 1 in your Objective Test answer
40 minutes affer which the answer booklet will be co!
are told to do so. Paper 1 will last for 50:minutes.
162020 The Wes Aeon Examinations Connell
sesSC5042/¢9/20 2
Paver 2 T hour 40 minutes
ESSAY
[70 marks}
Answer three questions in all; two questions from Section A and the only compulsory
question in either Section B or Section C.
No marks will be awarded for answering questions not Peculiar £0 your own
country.
Write your answers in ink in your answer booklet
Large labelled diagrams should be used where they make an answer clearer. The
“ames given for chosen species must be English or scientific and wot vernacular:
Credit will be given for clarity of expression and orderly presentation of answers.
Section A
| FOR ALL CANDIDATES |
Answer two questions only from this section
© — @ List four supporting tissues in plans, [4 marks] |
(i), ‘State one characteristic feature each that adapts each of the
Supporting tissues listed in 1(a)(i) to its function, [8 marks}
(®) Make a diagram, 6 em to 8 em long of the transverse section of the
stem of a monocotyledonous plant and label fully. [8 marks]
2, @) What is deficiency disease? [2 marks}
Gi) Name five nutrient deficiency diseases in humans [5 marks]
fe Gi) State ome remedy each for the diseases named in 2ayii). [5 marks}
(6) © Outline a chemical test for:
(glucose in orange fruit; [4 marks]
starch in a tuber of yam, [4 marks}
J
3. (@)__ Explain briefly food preservation in the following fac
@ silo; ;
(i) refrigerator.
| (6 marks]
(2) List four examples each of food types that can be Preserved in the
facilities in 3(@)(i) and 3(a)(i). [8 marks]
(©) List six factors that affect population size of living organisms. (6 marks]
7 wusesodatey20
ase 3
4. (@)__ Explain briefly the reason why blood groups A and B in humans can exist
both in the heterozygous and homozygous forms while blood group O
can only exist in homozygous form. [5 marks}
(6) @_ Name the Classes of vertebrates in order of their evolutionary
trend. [5 marks}
(i) Give one example each of the Classes of vertebrates’ named
in 4(6X(i). [5 marks]
(©) Explain briefly indépendent assortment of genes. [5 marks]
Section B
FOR CANDIDATES IN GHANA ONLY
Answer the questions in this section.
5. (a) @_— What is guttation? [2 marks]
3 Gi) Explain briefly the biological principles underlying the process
‘ of guttation. [4 marks]
(8) (@__Listthree organelles in the cell that are involved in proicin synthesis
(3 marks]
Gi) Name one source of amino acids used in protein synthesis in cells.
[1 mark
(©) Outline the steps taken to change from viewing an object placed under a
low power magnification to a high power magnification when using an
optical microscope. [4 marks}
(d) Describe briefly the process of dissecting a rabbit to expose its alimentary
canal [6 marks}
(e) Name six life processes which living organisms are capable of performing.
- {6 marks}
(Name the branch of Bioloy:) which: is concerned with the study of:
; (tissues;
Gi) plants;
(i) ~~ DNA;
Gv) the environment
[4 marks]
sci 50421620 Turn over Section C
FOR CANDIDATES IN NIGERIA, SIERRA LEONE, THE GAMBIA AND LIBERIA
6 (a)
(b)
©)
(a)
©)
(g)
sesScs042/eg20
Answer the questions in this section
Explain briefly the following types of fertilization in animals:
@ extemal fertilization;
(i) internal fertilization
[4 marks]
Name two groups of animals each that exhibit the types of fertilization
in 6(a(i) and (ii). (4 marks)
@ Ifthe placenta in a pregnant woman is detached from the uterine
wall, give three effects this would have on the foetus. [3 marks}
(Name three other features present in the uterus of a pregnant
woman useful for the development of the foetus. [3 marks}
Explain briefly how the activities of organisms bring about dynamic
‘equilibrium in the habitat. [4 marks]
State four problems that organisms in the intertidal zone ofa marine
habitat could encounter. [4 marks]
Explain briefly the reason the following factors are necessary for germination:
@ moisture;
(i) viable seed.
[4 marks}
Explain briefly the reason light energy is considered a limiting factor in the
production of food by autotrophs, (4 marks]
END OF ESSAY TEST DO NOT TURN OVER THIS PAGE
UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
YOU WILL BE PENALIZED SEVERELY IF YOU ARE
FOUND LOOKING AT THE NEXT PAGE BEFORE
YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Paper | 50 minutes
Opiecrive Test
[50 marks}
1, Use 2B pencil throughout.
On the pre-printed answer sheet, check that the following details are correetly printed:
(a) Inthe space marked Name, check your surname followed by your other names.
(8) _In'the spaces marked Examination, Year, Subject and Paper, check ‘WASSCE’,
“SC 2020”, ‘BIOLOGY’, and ‘1° in that order.
(©) Inthe box marked Index Number, your index number has been printed vertically
in the spaces on the lefi-hand side, and each numbered space has been shaded in
‘ line with each digit. Reshade each of the shaded spaces.
(@)__ Inthe box marked Subject Code, the digits 504113 are printed vertically in the
spaces on the left-hand side. Reshade the corresponding numbered spaces as you
did for your index number.
3. Anexample is given below. This is for a male candidate whose name is Elliot Kofi
AGBANA. His index number is 7102143958 and he is offering Biology 1
THE WEST AFRICAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
ANSWER SHEET
RINT BLOC LETTERT
tums ——ACBANA ELLIOT KOFI GHA
t WASSCE voor _SC 2020
Tae gas 2 pene! ought
2. peswer each auosion by ehoceng ane kit on shosing fe MEAS aim ECS EDS SE
5. fone complctey any awa you wat fo change.
2 eave onto spaces lank tthe onswer spores rowed ore mere than you need.
5. Donotmexe ony mating across fhe hooey bIOck ons ent hon edge of you cramer set
s2/85042/6920 Answer all the questions
Each question is followed by four options lettered A to D. Find the correct option for
each question and shade in pencil on your answer sheet, the answer space which bears the
same letter as the option you have chosen.
Give only one answer t0 each question. An example is given below.
Which part of the gill of fish is involved in gaseous exchange?
AL Gillslits
B.. Gillbars
C. Gillcovers
D. — Gillfilaments
The correct answer is Gill filaments, which is lettered D, and therefore answer space D
would be shaded. 5p ee
Think carefully before you shade the answer spaces; erase completely any answers
you wish to chaiige
Do all rough work om this question paper.
Now answer the following questions
1, The cell as the basic unit of life consists of ‘
A. cytoplasm and vacuole. .
B. cytoplasm and nucleus.
C. nucleus and cell wall.
D. cell wall and vacuole. ¥
Use the following Classes of Arthropoda to answer questions 2 thd 3,
1 Crustacea
TL Insecta
I, Arachnida
IV. Chilopoda J va
2. Which members of the Classes live mainly in an aquatic habitat?
AI
BO st
c om
DoW
3. Which of the Classes is characterized by the possession of two pairs of antennae?
AW
Bot
con
Dot :
4, The organism with spiral chloroplasts and nucleus suspended by cytoplasmic strands is
A. Euglena,
B. Paramecium
C. Spirogyra
Dd. Volvor
SeiScabddegad 1 7
5 The network of double membrane that conveys materials through the cytoplasm is the
A. endoplasmic reticulum.
BL mitochondrion,
c. nuclear membrane.
D. _ plasma membrane.
6. Food is stored in the part labelled
A. Vv.
B TL
Cc iO,
D. L
7. ‘The plant is a
A. runner,
B. stolon.
c. bulb.
D. ‘stem tuber,
8. ‘The part labelled 1 is the
A. fleshy leaf.
B. adventitious root.
Cc scale leaf.
D. apical bud.
9 Which of the following materials is not a living semi-permeable membrane?
A Sheet of cellophane
B. Yam tuber
C. ——Unripe pawpaw fruit
D. Pig's bladder
10. Inan experiment, mould and yeast cells were transferred into an environment with low
oxygen concentration. After a few days, the mould died while the yeast cells did not,
Which of the following statements best explains the above observation?
A. Respiration does not occur in the mould
B. Respiration can take place in yeast cells in the absence of oxygen
C. Photosynthesis does not take place in the absence of oxygen
D. ‘The yeast cells carried out photosynthesis while the mould did not
il, Which of the following tissues does not provide support in flowering plants?
A. Phloem
B. Xylem
7 c. Parenchyma
D. Collenchyma
werscs04aiey 20 ‘Turn ovet 2
13,
14,
15,
16
7
The diagram below isan illustration of an experimental set-up. Study it and answer
questions 12 and 13,
«isu'ca the F, generation is
A, test cross,
(2 marks}
(6) (Name the habitat of specimen A. [1 mark]
Gi) State one structural feature that adapts specimen A to its habita (2 marks}
(©) @ Ana tabular form, state two observable structural differences between
specimens A and B. [2 marks]
(ii) State two observable structural similarities between
specimens A and B. [2 marks]
(d) (i) What is the symmetry of specimen B? [1 mark]
(i) Name one tool each which could be used to collect samples of
specimens A and B for scientific studies (2 marks}
Gi) Name two structures in specimen B that could be affected by
oil pillage in its habitat. [2 marks]
(ec) Make a drawing, 6 em to 8 em long of the ventral view of specimen A
and labet fully. {10 marks}
2. Study specinens D, G and Hand answer questions 2(a) to 2(e).
(a) (Place two drops of specimen D on a white tile and add two drops of iodine
solution. Copy and complete the table below, stating the test, observation and
inference
Test Observation Tiference
(3 marks}
(i) Put S ml of specimen D into a test tube and add 2 ml of sodium hydroxide
solution followed by three drops of copper (it tetraoxosulphate (vt) and shake.
Copy and complete the table below, stating the test, observation and inference,
Test Observation Inference
[3 marks}
Gi) Give the name of each of the tests in 2(aX(i) and 2(ati). [2 marks}
(6) State two ways by which specimen G is of economic importance. [2 marks]
(©) Name the kingdom to which specimen G belongs. [0 mark]
Co) tate two reasons for the answer in 2(c)i) (2 marks]
Gi) Name four other organisms that belong to the same kingdann as
seiSs04siey/20
specimen G
14 marks] @)
©)
3. Study specimens J, K, L and M and answer questions 3(a) to 3(g).
(@) Classify specimen J into it
@ Phylum, 7
(i) Class.
{2 marks}
(B) State two reasons each for the answers in 3(a) (i) andi). [4 marks}
(€) Use arrows to indicate the relationship among specimens J, K and L in
a cycle, [4 marks]
(@) —@__ State. two observable characteristic features that adapt specimen L
to its habitat. [4 marks}
(i) State two observable structures that adapt specimen M
to its habitat. [4 marks] '
() Ina tabular form, state two observable structural differences between
specimens J and M. [2 marks]
() (~~ *Name one habitat each of specimens J and M. [2 marks}
i) State three ways each by which specimens J and M are of economic
importance. {6 marks]
(@) Classify specimen M into:
@ Division;
Gi) Class
[2 marks] .
Section C
(30 marks}
For CaNbinares IN NIGERIA, SIERRA LEONE, THE GaMnta AND Lieria
Answer the questions in this section.
4, Study specimens N, P,Q, R, Sand T and answer questions 4(a) to 4(c)
(2) @ Copy and complete the table below by placing each of specimens N, P,Q, R, S
se/SCS043/69/20
@
«iy
@
Gi)
3
Name the Phylum to which specimen H belongs. (2 marks}
State three reasons for the answer in (di). [3 marks}
Explain briefly the role of specimen G in nutrient recycling, [2 marks]
‘What is the mode of nutrition of specimen G? [1 mark]
Secrion B
[30 marks}
FOR CANDIDATES IN GHANA ONLY |
Answer the questions in this section.
and T under the appropriate headings
Dry indehiscent fruit| Dry dehiscent fruit Succulent Fruit
[6 marks] (6)
()
se/SC504e920
4
(i) Name the type of fruit to which each of specimens N, P,Q, R, S
and T belongs,
(ii) State three observable structural differences between specimens
SandT.
State two observable features of biological importance of each of
specimens N, P and T
Make a drawing, 6 em to 8 cm long of specimen T and label fully.
END OF PAPER
{6 marks]
(3 marks}
{6 marks}
[9 marks}