‘Simple sentence(SS)__] Complex sentence(CX) | Compound sentence(CD) After having +v3 on +present participle(v1+ing) 7. She saw a snake. She ran away. On seeing the snake, she ran away. (ss) When she saw a snake, she ran away. (cx) She saw a snake and she ran away. (cD) 2. | heard the noise. | wake up. When and As soon as On hearing the noise, | wake up When I heard the noise, | wake up. heard the noise and | wake up. (ss) (x) (cD) QUESTION TAG Definition :=_ The part of a sentence, which serves the purpose of confirming the given statement is called question tag . Ex: 1. She is a doctor, isn't she? The question tag is fallowed short form Long form Short form Am not aren’t Is not isn't Are not aren't Was not wasn't Were not weren't Do not don't Does not doesn't Did not didn’t Has not hasn't Have not haven't Had not hadn't Shall not shan't Should not shouldn't Will not won't Would not wouldn't Can not can'tCould not couldn't May not mayn't Might not mightn’t Before knowing the question tag we should follow the following points:- 1. Question tag is used at the end of the question 2. Question mark is used after the question tag. 3. Only the short form “n't” is used (in the positive question ) in the question tag. The subject noun in the given statement will be converted in to a relarint pronoun in the question tag. Model: | Question tag with Auxiliary verbs:- Helping Verbs. Be forms:-Am, is, are, was, were, Do forms:-do, does, did, Have forms: have, has, had, Model Auxiliaries:-shall, should, can, could, will, would, may, might, must, dare, need, ought 2. If the statement is in positive , the question to. tag should be in negative (not) Positive statement Negative question 1. Raju is a lawyer, isn’t he? 2. we are studying well, aren't we? 3.l am a teacher, aren't |? 4. They were in Tirumal, weren't they? 5, Latha can speak English, can't she? 6.We have finished our lunch, haven't we? 7. They will come to our college, won't they? 8. Sheela has many friends, hasn't she? ‘9. Karna was a great warrior, wasn't he? 10. Today is Wednesday, isn't it? 11. Tiger is a Crual animal, isn't it? 12. Apples are sweet, aren't they? 13. Sita write a letter, don't she? 3. If the statement is in negative, the question tag should be in positive,Negative statement Positive question tag 1. Raju is not a lawyer is he? 2. We are not studying well are we? 3.1 am not, teacher am? 4. They were not in Tirumala were they? 5. Latha can not speak English can she? 6. You are not living in Rajampet are you? 7. 1a not your survent am |? 8. Suneel has not paid the bill has he? 9. They are not poor are they? 10. Rani will not stay her will she? 4.when ‘am’ is used in positive statement “aren't” is used in the question tag. Ex:- lam a teacher lam a teacher, are n't I? 5. When ‘I am’ is used in the negative statement the question tag is ‘am’ Eg:- | amn't a teacher. lamn't a teacher, am I? Question with do, does, di Note: - 1. If the statement is in positive and the main verb is in present tense (v1) we use ‘don't’ to from the question tag. Eg: eat (vi) don't Write (vy don't 2.If the statement is in positive and the main verb is in present tense (v1) with ‘s’ or ‘es’ we use ‘doesn't’ to frame the question tag. Eg: 1. He writes a letter, doesn’t he? 2. John goes Church every Sunday, doesn’t he? 3. If th statement is positive and the main verb (vz) is in past tense (v2), we use didn't to from the question tag. Ex: | wrote aletter , Didn't I? Raju went to Kadapa Yesterday, didn’t he? Exercises > 1. We play Cricket Don't we? 2. She cooked food didn’t she?3, 4, 5. 6. 7. 8. 9, 1 . They make kites don't they? Sita sings songs doesn't she? My uncle sold the House didn't he? My sister wrote the examination didn't she? . My sister wrote the examination didn’t she? . The tiger eats me doesn't it? They live in Rajampet don't they? 0. we bought mangoes didn’t we? Some important points:- 1) If the statement begins with let us (let's), we use “shall we", to frame the question tag. Eg:- Let's go for a walk, shall we ? Let's have a cup of Coffee, shall we? 2) If the Statement is a request we use “will you” to frame the question tag. Eg;Please come to my house, will you? 3) If the statement is imperative and begins either ‘do’ or don’t we use ” will you” to frame the question tag? Eg: Open the door, will you? Don't do that work, will you? 4) If ‘this’ or ‘that’ as subject in the given statements we use ‘it' to frame the question tag. Eg: - This is the map of India, isn’t it? This story is not interesting isn't? That is my house, is not it. 5) If “these or those” are subjects the given statement we use “ They” to from the question tag Eg: These are my books, are n't they ? Those are mangoes, aren't they? 6) If “there” is as subject in the given statement we use “there” to frame the question tag. Eg:- There is something strange isn’t there? 7)If the sentence has the following words like no, none, neither, never, little, seldom, hardly, few the question tag should be in positive. Eg:- Hari never goes to College, does he? They seldom go to movies, do they? No body helped her, did they? EXERCISES GP English grammaréFind the correct question tag to the following: 1. Youare students, ___ () 1)Are you 2)aren'tyou —_3)were you 4) haven't you 2. He isa boy, 2 () 1)isn’t he 2)is he 3) was he 4) wasn't he 3. She was my friend,__? () 1)wasn't she? 2) was she? 3) didn't she? 4) did she? 4. lama teacher, ? G) 1) am |? 2) are |? 3) amn't I? 4) aren't I? 5. There is no money, iv 1)is there? 2)isn't there? 3) aren’tthere? 4) has there? 6. lamnota singer, ____? ~) 1) aren't I? 2)are I? 3)am I? 4) arn't I? 7. Let's go and play, 2 () 1)don't we? —_2) shall we? 3)does we? 4) didn't we? 8. Iwon'tteach you, () Twill 1? 2) can |? 3)won't |? 4) shall |? 9. Nobody is present, ___? ( ) 1)is he? 2)isn't he? 3)are they? 4) aren't they? 10. This story is very interesting, 2 () 1)is it? 2pisn’t it? 3) aren't it? )don't it? 11. He likes me, 2 () 1)does he? 2) doesn't he? 3) did he? 4)didn't he? 12. Your brother is an engineer______? a) 1)has he? 2)hasn't he? 3) is he? 4) isn’t he? 13. Rani goes to her native place, 2 oa) 1)doesn't she? 2)does she? 3)do she? 4)don't she? 14. They don’t play tennis,___? C) 1)do they? 2)don'tthey? —_3)is they? A)isn’t they? 15. You are not going to school now, 2 ( ) 1)weren't you? 2)were you? 3) are you? A)aren't you? 16. Kiran is a doctor, 2 ( 1)is he? 2)isn't he? 3)do he? )don't he? 17. Raju draws pictures, 2 GC) 1)does he? 2) doesn'the? 3) did he? 4)didn’t he? 18. The minister made a good speech,___? ) 1)did he? 2)didn't he? 3)does he? 4)don’t he? 19. The chief minister came by car, 2 ) 1)did he? 2)didn't he? 3)does he? 4)don’t he? 20. Ihave a house, ? 1)have I? 2)hasn't I? 3)haven't |? 4)hasn’t 1? G P English grammar6¢21. Sita has danced well__? C) Ihave I? 2)hasn't |? 3)haven't |? 4)hasn't 1? 22. Please give abook,__? ( ) 1)did you? 2)didn’t you? —_3) shall we? 4)don’t we? 23. The match was very cxciting___? 1)weren't it? —_2)were it? 3) was it? 4)wasn't it? 7 24, She performed very well, 1)does she? 2) doesn’tshe? 3) didshe? ——4)didn’t she? 25. We play games, 2 1)don't we?2) shall we? 3)do we? 4) didn’t we IF CONDITIONS (CONDITIONAL CLAUSES) MODEL -I Possible/ Probable condition (If -Type: Formula s will If + sub +Vi Sy Sub+can +Vi_WW.. es may Note: — 1) The first imperative sentence with or without the subject (you) is change into ‘If Clause’ a) By using into If + your: b) By using will/can/may in the main clause Examination model: Eg: — 1) Work hard. Then you will succeed. ‘% If you work hard, you will succeed 3. You studied well. Then only you can get good marks.