OXFORDDrea * Skills and abilities * Degrees of ability © Viog: Boost your brainpower + Crimes and criminals © Viog: Criminal minds Exam practice and review A ‘+ Money: nouns COC cud «Talk about experiences and past events + Present perfect vs. Simple past (1) + Prosent perfect vs. Simple past (2) + Future forms +» Talk about past events (2) « Past perfect Real English: The justice system + Tag questions OCULA History * Talk about news and events ppS8-67 * Spending + Passive: Present perfect, Present progressive, will # Money: verbs Real English Talking about news and events © Viog: A shopping disaster! | * Uses of the -ing form + infinitive * Technology: nouns * Talk about imaginary past situations '* Social media * Technology: verbs © Viog: Something different * Third conditional * wish + past perfect Real English: Mixed conditionals + Express regrets Extra communication B A> Xa Ray * Talk about reported statements Real English: Reported speech: other changes * Reported questions and commands Describing food «= Preparing food + Noun collocations © Viog: A new skill! Exam practice and review C) * Talk about count and noncount nouns « Ability and permission * Permission: can / could OCLILC, Computer science FEM 9p. 85-87COMPETENCES eee) PEI Ce eur Rear Asking for repetition and clarification ‘Strategy: Focus on accuracy + Keeping our languages alive Culture Focus: Languages O Languages in the U.K. Strategy: Completing fl-in-the-blank sentences '* Four good reasons to learn a language ** Write an article about learning languages Strategy: Using a dictionary to check new vocabulary © Reporting a theft ‘Strategy: Including details in 2 description ‘* Edgar Allan Poe and the birth of crime fiction Culture focus: Crime fi Strategy: Taking notes * A courtroom where the judges are teenagers Strategy: Reference and pronouns © Write a crime story Strategy: Narrative tenses Global skills A QA job interview Strategy Interview language ++ The people in your pocket Culture focus: Money Digital citizenship: Design a new banknote + Crowdfunding—a way to turn dreams into reality? Strategy: Reading for detail ‘Write a proposal for a ‘crowdfunding campaign O Apologizing Strategy: Intonation « Silicon Valley and tech giants Culture focus: Technology © Humans and computers Digital citizenship: Make a timeline about the development of the computer ‘+ FOMO—and how to beat it! Culture focus: Online abbreviations and acronyms. © Write a for and against essay Strategy: Planning 2 for and against essay | Global skills 8 | Obunaty any ae! Srey Fag lenpaton in exciamations * George Orwell vs. propaganda Culture focus: Orwel!s Nineteen Eighty-Four Digital citizenship: Find out ‘* Fake news and how to spot it + Write a summary Strategy: Summarizing about Newspeak © Describing an experience Strategy: Showing interest © Culture shock (hltre focus: A yar ‘artyetcolmtry (© tein another country Stratgy: Understanding context * Are traditional festivals still important today? * Write a social media post Strategy: Checking for mistakes | Global skills C) SISTA G ag) ep.20-23 Paecrractss oo rE DERE 0.9495 EERE »p.96-97 (EEEES »p.20-100Jack Hi ‘has anyone seen Maria? She's usually here by now. ‘Anna No. Jack That's strange. Anyway, have you had a good summer so far? Tom Yes! I"ve learned how to play the bass guitar! How about you two? Anna That’ cool! Yeah, 've been busy with my theater club. "We've been working on a musical Tom Cool! ‘Iwas in a musical last year. | loved it! Anna We're going to perform it at the Little Theater. Jack You're braver than me! I haven’t acted since | was 7, and V'm not planning on doing it again! Anna Really? | love it! ve dreamed of being on stage for as long as | can remember. We've been rehearsing almost every day since June. The first show's next week. Come and see it! Tom Great, Id love to, Jack Isit free? Talk about recent events 1 Qo PEMA who is most similar to you, Jack, Anna, Tom, or Maria? Why is Maria tired? Anna No. Tickets are $4 each. We've sold about 50 so far. Jack Four dollars! Anna That's cheaper than a movie ticket! Jack Well, [haven't spent any money for ages! I've been saving up for a new phone. llost my old one at the end of last term. Anna How much have you saved? Jack About $120. Tom Well, that’s good. Jack Yeah, I've been walking my neighbors’ dog. Anyway, where's Maria? She's going to be late. Tom She'll be here soon, 'm sure. She's been training fora SK race, so— Jack Really? How long has she been doing that? Tom For about six weeks, | think. Ah, look, there she is! Maria Hi, everyone! Phew! Sorry 'm late! ”™ Dream of isa stative verb (Ike want, need, lke, etc We don't usually use stative verbs in the progressive form 2 QB Listen again. Who is it? Write Jack, Anna, Tom, or Maria. 1 wants to buy something, but can’t afford it yet, 2 ___ is preparing for a sports event. 3 is getting ready for a performance. relies Goals and dreams 3 Complete the phrases with the words in the box. learn trainfor dream of work on rehearse save up for 1 anew bicycle 4 how todo something 5 arace 6 4 can do something new. 5 ____ has earned some money over the summer vacation. isunenuareianiiisiimimeeenness- = 4 GERM Ask and answer about your goals and dreams right now. (are you saving up tor ) aplay ee or) a project appearing ‘Yes, I'm trying to save enough money for a bike. / No, not realy.a 5 Match the highlighted sentences (1-5) with the rules (ae) below. the text 2 Use the simple past to talk about finished actions, in finished time periods. Use the present perfect: b to give news about recent events, © to talk about finished actions in unfinished time periods. d with since, for and How long ...?to talk about the duration of a situation which began in the past and continues in the present. fe Use the present perfect progressive to talk about an action or activity which began in the past and continues in the present. 6 Look back at the text. Circle the verbs in the present perfect. Then underline the verbs in the present perfect progressive. 7 Choose the correct alternatives. Then find examples of for and since in the text. We use for / since + a period of time. We use for / since + a point in time. 8 Complete the mind map with the phrases in the box. two months March 2004 three months | was very young half an hour the end of December sixofelock along time Tuesday half my life ‘since For 8 Choose the correct alternatives. 1 WeGracticed) have practiced the dance yesterday, but we didn’t practice / haven't practiced it today Shall we do it now? 2a Guess what? I've finally learned / ’ve finally been learning how to walk on my hands! b Awesome! I’ve learned / ’ve been learning how todo a handstand, but I still can’t doit. 3. Martin's trained /’s been training for the tennis championship for ages now. He strained /’s been training for events before, but he's never worked as hard as this. 10 Complete the dialogue with the simple past, present perfect, or present perfect progressive form of the verbs in parentheses. Sam Hi, we! (not / meet) before. Vm Sam. Meg_ Hi, 'm Meg. Sam Are you new here? Meg No.1? (move) here with my family about a year ago. Sam Oh, OK. So, how do you spend your free time, Meg? Meg_ 'mina rock band with some friends. Sam Awesome! What do you do? ‘Meg_ | play the guitar. But |* (tart) writing songs, too. 14 }) a new one. (take) me ages. Sam How long (you / work on) it? Meg About three months! Sam Oh, really? |” (never / learn) how to play a musical instrument. In fact, I prefer sports. (do) tae kwon do since | was about 5. Listening to people ‘Show you're interested when you listen to people by saying, OK, Oh, I see, or Oh, really? Ask questions about what they say. Use present perfect questions to ask about ‘experiences and duration. Use the simple past when asking about the details of past events. 11 EEEIMITI Read the Speaking strategy. Then, in big groups, ask questions and complete the sentences with names. Ask follow-up que to find out more information. Write some sentences about one of the people you spoke to in exercise 11.Harry Elsa Harry Elsa Harry Elsa 2 Jade Luke Jade Luke Jade 10 Oh, nol I’ve torn my homework pagel I'llhave Max to ask Mr. Walker for another one. Alicia If were you, I'd tapeit together again. Itllbe Max fine. Anyway, what is your homework? Alicia I need to write an article about lfe in the 1960s. Max ‘And we aren't allowed to use the Internet! Alicia Why not? ia We have to interview people we know. ae You should talk to my grandma. She has a lot of, stories about when she was younger. ‘Anita Fabio ’m fed up with my bedroom. It's so messy! You ought to clean it. Anita Yeah, | guess s0. But | hate the color of the walls, too. They're so boring! C You should decorate it. 'l help you. Pek ove painting! Hie Really? OK. Ill ask Mom and Dad. I'm sure they'll say yes nee a Which is the biggest problem? ‘Oh! This button just came off my jacket. Well, you'd better sew it on again! Um ... OK. How do I do that? You don’t know how to sew a button on? Um, no, Well, you must learnt I'll show you! ‘Oh, my gosh! Look at all that smoke coming out of that house, That looks bad. I'll call 911 I think | should go into the house. There might be someone in there! No! You mustn’t go in there. We have to stay calm and wait for the firefighters. Oh, no! | have a flat tire on my bike! Vil help you. 'm good at fixing flat tires. Where's your repair kit? Its OK. We don't have to fix it now. | can take the bus to school, 2 iB Listen again. Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F). 1 2 3 Elsa thinks Harry needs to get a new homework page. Harry can’t use the Internet to research life in the 1960s. Jade thinks she's allowed to paint her room. 4. Alicia's going to repair Max's jacket, 5 Anita doesn’t want Fabio to go into the house. 6 Pedro needs to ride his bike to schoo! today. Cte cia Problems and solutions 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. ‘all decorate fed up with awna 5 fix messy sew tape clean 1 my bedroom this morning. Look how neat its! __911. They a button on. Pye just Ibe here soon! Have you ever broken something and together again? My bedroom is very but I'm too tired to clean it now. tear 6 I've been helping my cousins their new house. 7 Vknow how to__ __aflat tre 8 I'venever ‘an expensive piece of clothing, 9m this rainy weather. 4 GENRE Talk about whether the sentences in exercise 3 are true for you. Number 1 nit true idn’t clean my bedroom, ‘moming.__ 5 Complete the sentences with words from the text. Giving advice 7 again. You, you, | it together ‘to my grandma. You‘ it Well, you 10 it on again! 6 Match the sentence halves to complete n the rules. 1. We use should and ought to 2 Weuse if were you, I'd... and You'd better a to give advice based on our opinion and also to give general advice. bb to give advice based on our personal opinion about a particular situation. 7 Choose the correct alternatives. There may be more than one. 1 People shouldn't /‘d better not put their own lives in danger to help other people 2 a feel sick. | think I'l watch TV. You ought to / If | were you, Id go to bed. | don’t understand this homework. You should /’d better ask Mrs. daSilva to explain it to you before you go home. 4 Do you think parents ought to / d better teach their children to cook? 8 [ZETIA Take turns to choose a problem from the list and give advice. You should cut it short. eae b Ba 12 b V¥m fed up with my hair. ) | broke my favorite cup. Abutton has come off my coat. My handwriting is very messy. I've just seen a car accident. 9 Complete the sentences from the dialogues. Bee We! You! Obligation the Internet. in there people we know. calm and wait for Welcome |/|/ Make grammar personal Use grammar structures to write example sentences that are true for you. It's easier to remember things that are connected to your life. Read the Study strategy. Then write five sentences about your school and home life using the grammar in exercise 9. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use the words in parentheses. 1 Itisn’t necessary to call 911. (have) You align 2. I think you should fix it. (a) HI were you, | it 3 You can ask for help. (allowed) You for help. 4 You should clean up the kitchen. (better) the kitchen. 5. We aren't allowed to paint the walls. (mustn't) You We the wall Complete the dialogues with the correct form of the words in the box. allow /use be/you, /1/ ask not have / buy hhave /leave _must / wear_ought / ask Lily Jack, are you your phone at night? Jack Yes. Why? Aren’t you? Lily No, 1? it on the bookshelf after eight thirty Jack You? your parents if they could change the rule a litle. 2 Lucy _'m fed up with all my clothes, but | can't afford to buy anything new. Pippa You new clothes. Secondhand clothes ae cool! 3 Myra Ob, nol The sign says, “All swimmers with long hair swim caps,” but don’t have one. Ryan Your hair isn’t very long. IF the receptionist if you can swim without one. Imagine you are on vacation. Write a message to a friend using the simple past, past progressive, and present perfect.Talk about objects OMe History Of flip-flops Bo were first worn by the ancient Egyptians around 6,000 years ago. Modern styles are based on Japanese ori, which were brought back to the US. by soldiers after the end of World War Il Pe) Coed |_were invented in 1873. They're named after the city of Genoa in Italy, where a particular kind of cotton fabric was produced. How many pairs are sold today? About three every second! is used to fasten clothes and shoes. Its design was inspired by the way the seeds of some plants stick to animals’ fur. Inventor George de Mestral noticed this when +e was walking in the countryside with his dog in the 1940s. is made from sugar, starch, food coloring, flavoring, and gelatin. Most gelatin is made from animal skin and bones. Be 1 Om Match the objects with the information. Then listen and check. oars jeans Pree pencils 6 ‘were first used centuries ago, but they were first mass-produced in Germany in the 17® century. Originally, the ‘wooden part wasnt painted. In the 19 century, however, Chinese ‘graphite became known as the best in the world, 50 most ofthese simple writing devices were painted yellow—a color associated with royalty in China as we know them today were developed in the 20° century: Incredibly, however, the first pair were made ‘and worn in 1888, They were wide and heavy and covered the ‘whole eyeball, so people could only wear them for afew hours! is used to hide a whole range of bad smells! In ancient times, herbs, flowers, and fruits were used, but these days most products are chemical. The famous Little Tree brand was designed by a Canadian chemist called Julius Saimann in 1952. Its popular among car owners around the world and has been featured in several movies. 2 Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F). Correct the false sentences. 1 Zéri come from Egypt. 2. Every minute, about one pair of jeans is sold. 5 Yellow has been a popular color for painting graphite pencils for several centuries. 3. George de Mestral copied an idea from nature. 4. Most gummy candy isn’t suitable for vegetarians. 6 The first contact lenses weren’t very comfortable, 7 Julius Sémann created a product which is well known as an air freshener for the home. (relic laae Ideas and objects 3 Choose the correct alternatives. 1. 'm named / designed after someone in my family. I'd like to invent / design clothes when I'm older. Nauaswn IFLget an idea for a short story | usually find it easy to develop / inspire. There are one or two famous people who really invent / inspire me. only enjoy books and movies which are based / copied on true stories. | don’t like eating food which is produced / mass-produced. I think it would be easy for me to invent / base a new video game. 4 GAIT Tell your partner if the sentences are true or false for you. Sentence 1 is true. ’m named after my grandmother— hher name is Rosa like mine. (Vm not named after anyone. » | don’t know why my parents \ chose the name Hector!__ 5 Match the sentence halves to complete the rules. 1 To form the simple present passive, __ A 3 4 To form the simple past passive, To form the interrogative, To say who does / did the action (the agent), Complete the text with the words in the box. are sold was sold made invented is is loved was made wascalled was developed was put Tomato ketchup ' people around the world. More than 650 milion bottles of Heinz Tomato Ketchup every year. So when and where * this popular sauce * and how ee 2 In the 17° century, British sailors in China tasted a dark brown sauce which they liked. It? of fish and it® ke-tsiap. Back in the UK., they tried to make their own “ketchup” using mushrooms, nuts, beans, and fish. The sauce Into soups and other dishes. Fresh tomatoes © to ketchup until the 1700s. ance we use am /is / are / was / were + subject + past participle. we use by, we use subject + am / is / are + past participle. we use subject + was / were + past participle. is produced weren't added were used is still made People made their own ketchup at home, until the first mass-produced ketchup * by the HJ. Heinz Company in 1876. At first, the product © in glass bottles, but in the 1980s, plastic bottles "* for the first time ‘The ketchup we eat today ¥ in factories, but te from fresh tomatoes, along with onions, vinegar, salt, and spices. 7 Look back at the text in exercise 1. Find more examples of simple present passive verbs. Then underline more examples of the simple past passive. 8 Complete the second sentence in the passive. Only use by + agent if necessary. Dov Moran invented the USB flash drive in 1999. ‘The USB flash drive was invented by Dov Moranin 1999. 1. People eat different kinds of noodles in different parts of China, Different kinds of noodles ‘Antoni Gaudi designed the Sagrada Familia church in Barcelona. The Sagrada Familia church in Barcelona 3 Companies sell millions of smartphones every day. Millions of smartphones Did someone make this hat in a factory? ina factory? Write questions with the correct form of the words. Who / flip-flops / first wear? Who were flip-flops first worn by? When / jeans / invent? Which city / jeans / name after? What / gelatin / make / from? Where / graphite pencils / frst / mass-produce? When / first pair of contact lenses / make? Who / the Little Tree ar freshener / design? Find out information about a different everyday object or type of food (e.g, scissors, paper clips, sticky notes, sleeping bags, potato chips, ice cream) and write a short paragraph about it without mentioning the name. Exchange your paragraph with another student. Can they guess the object? 10 [ZIRE Ask and answer the questions in exercise 9when = a speech you're wrong and schedule F give a presentation \ instructions a emotions and be sympathetic your ideas that are broken and opinions a foreign language or use - sign language Cy Skills and ab! Ss SSS correctly 1 5 Match the words 2 GEEE Do you agree with the list? Which are the most in the box with the pictures. important / least important skills in your opinion? Are there Then listen, check, and repeat. _any other skills you would add? Share your ideas with a partner. je cook read do [think first aid i the om recognize ask remember most important skill. | Why is that? v take follow express spell sympathetic = kind to ather ix speak tell apologize Because we all need to know people when they fee! bad CareyLGA E Leet Cy Degrees of ability 3. Complete the mind map with the skills and abilities from exercise 1. Can you add any others? i 4 Olé Listen and put the phrases in order from the best to the worst (1 = best and 7 = worst). Then listen, check, and repeat. How well can you...? How good at... are you? ''m pretty good at making speeches. _ Vm excellent / great at fixing computers. _ 'm very good at remembering names, __ \’m hopeless / useless / terrible at cooking. —__ Vm not very good at teling jokes. __ Vm OK at spelling. I'm good at taking care of other people, _ i'm bad at apologizing. _ “™ After adjective + preposition, use the -ing form. He's good at swimming. 5 007 Listen to Mateo talking about what he and his sister can do. Check (V) the things they do well. Put an X for the things they do badly. 1 Taking care of children 2 Recognizing emotions 3 Cooking 4 Apologizing 5 Telling jokes 1 6 Fixing things 6 GEEREI Ask and answer about how good you are at doing the things in exercise 1. Give reasons or examples for your answers. How good are you at following instructions? ( | think'm very good at it. For example, | ke \_ ‘watching online tutorials about photography. ~ RS ea é ae NG + 4 Se R x “ono ) Hostess / Ne pe . A % 4 det Sxpimw 1 What is Natalia doing? How is she feeling? Sepa 2 © Moe CONTIN check (7) Natalia’s tips for improving your brainpower. | learn a new language LJ breathe deeply oO L_] do crossword puzzles read more often L_] play memory games {J eat fish and drink green tea | draw mind maps mr LJ goto bed early 3 OD ws decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F). 1 Nataliahad a Science test last week. 2 Natalia is very good at Math. ___ 3 Doing crosswords is good for problem-solving. __ 4 Omega-3 in fish can improve memory. 5. Natalia found the test very easy. __ Sepia 4 (ESRTIDN Ask and answer the questions 1. Which tips did you like the most / least? Why? 2. Do you have any tips for memorizing things or improving your concentration? PST Check the meaning of these words and phrases. Too bad ‘gross Phew! (ave) an early night Workbook p.W4CETTE UC Tore more intelligent thay "ks humane aly uni eile Are humans really 99 percent of our DNA with our closest relatives, chimpanzees, but have you ever wondered why they have never evolved as far as we have? According to some theories, the answer is our ‘complex brains. The earliest human brains from around 2 million years ago were only big enough to process simple signals, like sight and smell. As we ‘developed into Homo sapiens 1.5 million years later, our brains grew three times bigger. This was to make space for new skills, ike speech and problem- solving. However, recent research into animal intelligence *has made some interesting discoveries, and scientists are starting to question the “facts” about our superior intelligence. Animals don’t EY pnimats can’t > Animals aren’t use language solve problems aware of themselves ... except that several +. except that some octopuses .. except that some chimpanzees thave already can learn how to open containers || chimpanzees, and a few learned to use sign language, with great coordination and get |} dolphins and elephants, "have F or centuries, people ‘have asked what makes us different from animals. We share almost and some other species have food out of them. People who all passed the "Mirror Test.” In learned to communicate in work in aquariums have known |} this test, a scientist puts paint significant ways. In the 1990s, this for years. And a study in. on an animal, and then puts the Dr. Irene Pepperberg ‘published Jy 2014 made some important animal in front of a mirror and her studies of working with discoveries about some crows. ||. watches its behavior. When they Alex, a parrot that could It found that they could solve see themselves in the mirror, remember and name over ‘complex puzzles and use tools ff these animals then check their 50 different objects! to get food. own body for the paint. Talk about experiences and past events 1 EEE Make a list of all the animals that you 3 @)o» [EREEETEIIET What is the main message can name in English of the text? a Humans are more intelligent than animals & \ookeat the pictures: Which-one shows b Animals are probably more intelligent than we think 1 adolphin? © Animals will evolve further than humans will 2 anoctopus? ] oy 3 aparrot? he largest brains are those of sperm whales, which can weigh 8 ka, TA —___ T 2 eerPresent perfect vs. Simple past (1) 4 Look at the highlighted words in the text. Which are present perfect, and which are simple past? Match the present perfect examples with the uses below. We use the simple past to talk about completed actions in the past when we say, ask, or know when they happened (e.g,, last year, a week ago, yesterday). We use the present perfect to talk about: AA fe experiences with ever and never. B recent actions with already and yet. __ the duration of an ongoing activity that started in the past, often with for and since, or questions with How long... D past actions where we don’t know when they happened, especially when they have an effect on the present. ham Grace joined the swim team. Grace has joined the swim team. Both sentences ace correct. Complete the rules with simple past or present perfect. The use of the action itself focuses more on the The use of the here has more to do with our present perspective on the event. + It implies the action was recently completed. + Aliso implies it is somehow related to the present, eg, She has joined the swim team and is ready to compete. er 5 Complete the dialogue with the present perfect or simple past form of the verbs in parentheses. Kyle Ont” (already / read) that article online. Elif What? (it / be) about? Kyle Well, it said that some geniuses, like Galileo or Leonardo da Vinci, * (have) dyslexia Elif Really? Why do they think that? Kyle Well, (you /ever / hear) that Leonardo ® (use) a special kind of code for recording his ideas? Elif Yes,1¢ He? (write) from right to left. He ® (do) that so. that people” (cannot) read his work. Kyle Well, now some scientists (decide) that perhaps he " (do) that because he (be) dyslexic and he 2 (have) trouble with writing Elif Thats interesting. 1*__ (never / hear) that theory before. ey Present perfect vs. Simple past (2) a ee Choose the correct alternatives. ‘We use the simple past / present perfect when we talk about a Finished period of time in the past. We use the simple past / present perfect when we talk about an unfinished period of time (fram the past until now), Javier was 0 biologist for ten years. (He isnt a biologist now) Javier has been a biologist for ten years. (= He's still a biologist) 6 Complete the chart with the phrases in the box. last year today this year so far three days ago | yesterday afternoon in 2010 since 1995 Finished period (meno last year, today, 7 Complete the sentences with the present perfect. or simple past form of the verbs in parentheses. 1 we (live) in South Korea for five years, but then we moved to San Francisco. 2 They (lve) in town since 1985. 3 He (G0) karate for years He loves itl ae (see) Mateo yet today?” “No, not yet, but | (see) hhim yesterday.” st __(not watch) much TV this week. 6 (they / go) to the party (on Saturday? 8 GRINTI Ask and answer the questions. Use the present perfect and the simple past. + Where / When / you born? + What / like / as a child? + Where / live? + How long / live / there? + What activities / do / lke? + How long / do / them? + What / the most difficult thing / learn? + What / the best book / read? A Where and when were you born? B | was born in Sao Paulo on May 21", 2004. Use the ideas below to write about your experiences. Add follow-up information using the simple past. ‘+ most exciting thing + funniest person * best vacation + most difficult thing + strangest food» cutest animal ‘The most exciting thing I've ever done ie scuba diving.SS a etl When did you last talk to someone who spoke a different language? Did you understand each other? SET RaoTE. Focus on accuracy ‘A good way to improve your speaking isto focus ‘on proper pronunciation. When you listen, you learn how words are pronounced. Try to repeat the words and phrases exactly as they were said in the audio. m0 Who is having trouble hearing? Who is having trouble understanding? Erwin Hi, Maki, It’s Erwin. How's Philadelphia? I'm calling Erwin Wait, i's pretty noisy in here. What was that? to let you know what time I'm arriving Maki The hotel’s on Ludlow Street. It isn’t far from. Maki Hello, Erwin? You're breaking up. What did you say? 30" Street Erwin I'm sorry, I'm on the train, and we might get cut off. Erwin I'm sorry, 'm not following you. What do ‘Can you hear me now? you mean by “30" Street”? Maki Not really. Could you speak up? Maki 30" Street Station—its the name of the Erwin My train gets in at eleven. Shall we meet at 11:30? central station in Philadelphia Maki What? Sorry, | didn’t catch that Erwin Oh, OK. Could you repeat the name of the | Erwin Ill meet you at 11:30 at the hotel. street, please? What's the address? Maki Sure—it’s Ludlow Street. L-U-D-L-O-W. Maki It’s on— Erwin Great, see you at 11:30. | | Read the Speaking strategy. Practice the dialogue in exercise 2. on ‘Complete the phrases from the dialogue. Then listen, check, and repeat. Asking for repetition Asking for clarification What did you! What? Sorry, I didn’t Cm a z that = = ‘Wat do you ” =) (by 0" street? 5 What» that? 3 you repeat (the name of the street), please? Asking someone to speak louder ( Could you speak * 2 Explaining the problem You're breaking * What did you say? Vm sorry, 'm (on the train) ‘wait, it's pretty * In here,6 @ov Listen and complete the m AL What did you say? B 1 said I'l be there around six. De ec B Sure. Powell Street. It's off Lincoln Avenue. A B It was awesome, cool, something different! TARO "Sy In pairs, you have two minutes to write down as many situations as you can think of where you might be sittin, faced with a lot of unknown vocabulary. Compare your ideas withthe cass. 7 GEERT Role-play dialogues for the situations below. Take turns to be the person who is having trouble understanding. One of you is ona really | J~ You're at a very noisy You're talking about noisy train. You need restaurant. You're how you feel. One of to explain that your talking about your you tises the idiom “to train is late and arrange | last vacation, but it’s be under the weather.” where and when to impossible to hear The other doesn’t meet when you arrive. each other. understand, Hi, Hugo. It's Daniel. calling toletyou know. |= TTY Ma [EIEIIE choose one of the situations from Beat the clock and write a dialogue. Then practice it in pairs. Mind maps. Mind maps are very useful to help you categorize vocabulary into themes, Research different types of mind map online ® Workbook p\w7 MD Extra communication p31Reading and grammar Future forms 1 Do you ever use the “voice search” option (e.g., Siri or OK Google) on your phone? Do you get the search results that you need? 2 @o3 GELEMEIET choose the correct alternative. The purpose of this text isto present different predictions / the author's pred machines and people talking, a ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PRM tered PT When we talk to a voice-activated “bot,” like Siri or Alexa, on our devices, it con understand most languages, ‘or accents—and answer back. Experts believe that these Sita Gado" "SERED cecich engine ox ‘our way to access the Internet. But will we ever have natural conversations with our machines? We asked some computer experts for their views. a) ‘Computers learn languages in the same way that we do, They analyze the sentences that we soy to them, recognize sequences in the grammar, and use those sequences fo create new sentences. In the future, your virtual assistant will probably also learn how to recognize your emotions from your speech. It might even make useful decisions, like "You sound sad. 2 ‘a funny movie for you to watch,” or * at three O'clock, but you sound sick. 4 Currently we don't talk to computers—we give them commands. We probably won't ever be able to have a conversation wih a bot. To understand a language, you need to have experience of the world. For exomple, if someone says thw hos re ging my feet because they're too smal,” then humans know that the word “they” refers fo the shoes, not the feel. A computer, however, has never worn shoes, soit might interpret the sentence incorrectly and think that “they” refers to feet. ‘Also, a computer might understand grommar, but i won't ever understand jokes, sarcasm, or lies, Ins about 3 Match the highlighted sentences in the text with the rules. a future fact or prediction an offer, promise, or spontaneous decision b € anintention da prediction based on evidence an arrangement 4 Choose the correct alternatives. 1 We ‘re having / ll have a party on the 24” 2 I think itwill be / is being faster if we take the bus. 3 Look! He 'l fall /’ going to fall off his bike! 4 “Hi, Greg, Are you doing / Will you do anything this weekend?” “Yes, 1'Il see / ‘m seeing Jackie.” 5. “I'm hopeless at Math. I’m not going to pass / not passing this test!” “1m helping / II help you study.” 5 Complete the sentences with the correct future form of the verbs in parentheses. 1. “Someone's at the door.” m", (answer) it!” 2 We (meet) at 2:30 p.m. tomorrow. 3 “What (you / do) when you finish school?” 4. Experts say that humans (live) longer in the future. 5. Iwant to get good grades, so 1 ___ (work) very hard at school iisyen 6 ae (you / take) your driving test next week? 7 Look at those clouds. tt (ai. 8 | promise | (not tell) anyone what you said 6 [ETRE Ask and answer the questions. Give as, much information as possible. Ate you .. + doing anything with your friends tonight? + doing anything special this weekend? ‘Are you going to + travel when you finish school? + go to college? + get up early tomorrow? << Are you doing anything with your friends tonight? ) ut your ideal future. What will it be like? imilar or different to the present?ESOL sehr) aScpiew 1 How much do you know about native languages in the U.S.?, Can you name any Native American people? 2 Ooi (LEXEMTETT complete the text with the numbers and dates in the box. Then listen and check. "+499 1,000 300 10 milion = Keeping our languages alive n English is the first language for the majority of people in the U.S., but that hasn't always been the case. Before the arrival of Europeans 500 years ago, North America was a place of extraordinary cultural diversity with more than * different languages spoken. ‘As the Europeans colonized the continent, they suppressed the culture and languages of the native people. tt has been estimated that between? __and 1900, the population fell from around * ‘to fewer than 300,000 people. Today, about half of the original Native American languages have disappeared. Of those still in use, more than half are spoken by fewer than * people. There are a few exceptions. The Navajo language, for instance, is still the mother tongue for nearly 170,000 people. Today, there are numerous programs for the preservation of Native American languages. Some communities collect videos and audio recordings of their language to make sure that if it dies out in everyday use, it won't disappear completely. 3. Answer the questions. 1. What happened between 1492 and 1900? 3. Which Native American languages are still common? 2. Why did over half of the native languages disappear? 4 How are some people trying to save their language? aSipamr 4 @015 Listen to an interview with Rachel Adams, a linguist, about endangered languages. Choose the correct answer. ‘a Rachel doesn’t think that itis possible to save most endangered languages. bb Rachel hopes to keep languages alive by making dictionaries and recording them, € It's important to save languages because they are a means of communicating, 5 @0\5 Read the Listening strategy. Then read the sentences and decide ‘what type of information is missing. Listen to the interview again and complete the sentences. Completing fil-in-the-blank entences 1 There are different languages in the world toda - ee iad a Before you complete fil-in- Ten languages are spoken by of the people in the world. Fietileeearkenees reed the is the second most common language in the world, sentences carefully and decide what type of information is missing, eg. a country, a 2 a 4. Only half ofall today’s languages will still exist in 5 Today, the number one cause of the disappearance of languages is language, a date, or a number. pee 6 Read the statement below. Then put the 7 EESELE Get into two groups and have a class arguments into two groups: Yes or No. debate about dying languages. Use the arguments Can you add more arguments? in exercise 6 to help you. Are dying languages worth saving? “ 1 A language is only 3 We lose a part of human useful fitis a means of | | history with the loss of A i F = Se an ae ‘reate a map of languages from your country, wit! each language area accompanied by 1) a word in the language, 2) ts translation in your language, and 3) its English translation. 2 People lose th 4 Saving languages is cultural identity without || expensive, and we should thei language use the money for more useful projectsTrending topics Reading and writing competences good reasons FeVireqU ret tenc) to learn a Adil MM VOLT mtet-te EVaretueF=3 to learn Why learn a language? Languages to learn It's good for the brain! 1 enatisn The brain is lke a muscle. If you exercise it t Of course! English is the global language of business—and gets stronger. Learning a second language is good pop culture—so there are lots of reasons to learn it. Some for your brain because the brain has to cope with people think that Mandarin may be the language of the future. different systems and switcn quickly between ‘thas over 4 billion speakers, but there are over 50 countries the two. You'l get better at other problem-solving in the world where English is en official language, compared ; tasks, too, and it also improves your memory! ‘with only three for Mandarin. Englist’s position as the top ; 0% i casita gol botioridt-yuce owe lange lobal language probably isn't going to change any time soon. When you learn a language, you pay attention to. (Spanish its grammar and structure. You probably didn’t ‘Spanish is probably the real competitor to English as a = do that when you learned your frst language. world language. Is it going to be the language of the future? =— Learning how a language works can help you use Only Mandarin has more native speakers than Spanish, and your own language better. Your communication its popularity as a second language has grown recently, skills wil probably get better, too! especially in the U.S. Bilitts good for your career Yurok What job are you going to do when you leave school? .- OF any other language on UNESCO's list of endangered Today's world is interconnected, so knowing 2 languages. Yurok is the lenguage of the Yurok native foreign language Is obviously going to help you American people of Northern California. By the 1990s, it get @ good job. And software and technology ‘was nearly extinct—the number of native speakers dropped Companies will be very interested in yout to six—but since then there has been an effort to revive it. itnow has about 300 speakers, but its stil classified as Chr cient re “Say energy UNESCO he wee oe Well, maybe it won't solve all the world's problems, but talking to people in their own language will Hat before ‘extinct nN ae help you understand other cultures and (Di computer coaing be more sympathetic to them. y Possibly the most useful language anybody wil need for the Se future. Some countries are getting rid of foreign languages in am RGF ‘schools and putting coding on the timetable instead. In 2014, the U.K. became the frst country to make coding arequired ‘subject—in elementary schoois! ‘The most studied foreign language in US. schools is Spanish, followed by French, and then German, Latin is also studied in many schools WAMPEPINAL what other languages can you learn that aren’t spoken? Why are they useful?1 [_] Learning a language can increase 3 your brainpower. 2 |_] Mandarin has over 1 billion speakers. 4 eeicoe 2 Complete the sentences with one word from the text. 1. Ifyou learn a foreign language, it might It will help you to communicate too. Speaking a language can help your career. ‘There are over $0 countries where English A lot of people in the U.S. study eVaneun 3 Read the Reading strategy. Then find the highlighted 1 switch extinct get rid of. you disagree with. Then share your of Ins and give ‘your memory. is an official language. probably remain the top global language in the future. asa second language. UNESCO keeps alist of languages that might soon become ‘Computer coding might become more important than any other Use a dictionary to write a definition for each word or phrase. native speaker Lem There are more speakers of English than any other language 1 Check (V) the statements that you think are true. Then read and check. Spanish has more speakers than English. When using a dictionary, follow these steps: After you find the word, look for the definition with the correct word type (e.9., noun, verb, adjective) or idiom, Maword has multiple meanings, choose the ‘most appropriate one for the context. ‘Say the word aloud, using the phonetic symbols if you know them, or with an online dictionary, listen and repeat the word, words in the text. 4 Check (/) the statements you agree with and put an X next to the ones reasons. Learning languages is too hard for English is the only foreign language dlementary school. that people need. Math and Science are wore useful than languages, Schools should sto7 teaching French and You have to leara English if you want Start teaching Mandarin chinese instead to get a good job these days We need to preserve dialects and minority languages. = [_] cearming 3 language only makes sense if you're Computer coding isnt a language 4oing £0 travel to countries where it is spoken. computer coding is the most important skill for the 21st century, Sepia 6 You see this notice in an international English-language magazine. Write your article on learning languages. Follow the instructions in the notice. Write about 150-175 words. Exchange articles with another student. ‘Which ideas are similar or different from yours? ‘What languages do you speak? How long have you spoken them? ‘Whats the hardest part about learning a new language? ‘What's the best part? Do you think everyone will speak ‘more than one language in the future? Why? ‘Tell us what you think! 5 GEENA Imagine that your school is only going to offer a foreign = — language or computer coding as a subject next year. You cannot i 1 study both, Discuss and decide which one is the most important. | Articles wanted! Learning languages Workbook p.W8Ale IE taay Crimes and criminals 1 EMERY Do you enjoy watching crime investigation 3 [EERMI Ask and answer the questions shows on TV? Why / Why not? 2 2 @iis Match the words in the box with the pictures above. Then listen, check, and repeat. 7 mugging ing. shoplifting wl idnapping eeroes TyLCA ELIE LT 4 @i7 Complete the chart with the words in the box. Then listen and check. Terrorist. rob thief Kidnap burglar vandalze murderer kidnapper pickpocket shoplift mug_ drug dealer hack steal | crime criminal ‘commit a crime | vandalism | vandal . theft | robbery burglary [s |burgie mugging | mugger ‘ murder / will / murder homicide drug dealing | deal drugs | pickpocketing |» pickpocket shoplifting shoplifter |e terrorism |e terrorize Kidnapping | E cybercrime/ | cybercriminal / | hacking hacker | ”™ rob +a person or a place He robbed a bank. steal +a thing He stole a lot of money from the bank. 5 Complete the news headlines with the correct, form of the words in parentheses. 1. Alecal gang (vandal) stores and street signs last weekend. 2 Ateenage (hack) has broken into a top-secret government website 3 There has been a big increase in international (terrorize) in the last year. 4 (shoplift) is the most common crime among youths under 16. 6 GEMM Make notes about a crime that happened to you or someone you know, or a news story about a crime. + where it happened / when / who to + what the criminal did / were they caught? Then talk about the es in pairs. that one of these world-famous things was stolen: the World Cup, the Mona Lisa, or Botero's Cat sculpture. Write a news report about the crime. NT nae) 1 Who is Sherlock Holmes? What do you know about him? Spl 2 © Oos CALAN match the sentence halves. 1 Sherlock Holmes __ 2 Sherlock, the TV series, 3. Monk, the TV series, a started on TV in 2002. bb first appeared over a century ago. has Benedict Cumberbatch in it. 3 © Ome decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F). 11 Sherlock, the TV series, is set in modern times. __ 2 Holmes isa happy, friendly character. __ 3 Natalia likes Benedict Cumberbatch. 4. Monks set in San Francisco. _ s ‘Monk is a realistic series Sepia 4 [EIR Ask and answer the questions. 1 Which detective series or movies are popular in your country? Who are the main characters? Are the Criminals usually caught? 2. Doyou enjoy watching these kinds of TV shows? Why? 3 Why do you think these shows are popular? Check the meaning of these phrases. fone step ahead absent minded guilty pleasure (have) an eye for detailPOET IITE UCR ELLE Le breaking the law to change the world? hen someone is arrested, we assume that they must have committed a serious crime, But sometimes laws are unjust, and people who were treated Had they done anything wrong? You decide. Mohandas Gandhi When Gandhi (1869-1948) was born, nda had been under Britsh ‘le for around te years. Gandhi campaigned for India's independence. He used peaceful methods, but Gandhi was arrested mute times nhs te. He was imprisoned by the Bish authoites five imes: once because he had told other Indians to stop working and to cisobey the Brtish, and anather time because he had led @ demonstration tothe sea to make sat, instead cof buying it rom the govemment. When he was in jail, Gandhi often refused to eat. The British were afraid that he would ci, so they always released him ‘after afew months nda finally became independent in 1947, Rosa Parks Rosa Parks (1913-2005) was arrested in 1955 because she hadn't given her seat on a bus to a white person. By doing ths, she had broken a local law in Montgomery, Alabama, that forced black people to sit separately from white people. Parks was taken to jail A few days later, she was put ‘on trial and given a fine of $10. But the story didnt end there. People were angry thatthe state had treated Parks so badly, and the American, civil rights moverient won alot of support because of what she had done. People boycotted the Montgomery bus system for over a year, and in the end, the US. Supreme Court banned segregation on pubic transportation, Talk about past e events (2) 1 Brainstorm time phrases and tenses we 2 Look at the people in the pictures. Do you know use to talk about the past. who they are or what they are famous for? 3 Qov [FEELIN Answer the questions. 1. What political goal did Gandhi have? 4. How did Rosa Parks break the law in Alabama? 2. Why did he lead a demonstration to the sea? 5 What happened to her immediately after her “crime”? 3. Why did the British always release Gandhi from prison? 6 How did people protest about her arrest? 4 Choose the correct alternatives. Mohandas Gandhi and Rosa Parks both used ‘violent / peaceful methods to protest about something that they thought wasn’t ZL re” 2fair / legal, but their protests >were / weren't legal in their countries. BEF bok he bacare They were both arrested / atacked, and they bath spent some time the most photographed person of “in al abroad, However, people disagreed with their treatment, and, ae in the end, they ‘achieved / didn’t achieve their goals. 2—_ wun Past perfect 5 Look at the highlighted sentence in the text. Which action happened first? a These famous people went to jai b they had broken their country’s laws. Underline examples of had + past pat the text and complete the chart. eeduss cd 1/You/ He / She /It/We / They broken the law. 1/You / He / She /It/ We / They broken the law. eed 4 I/you/ he / she /it / we / they broken the law? Ere Yes,1/yau/ he/she / it / we / they had. [No, |7 you / he / she / it / we / they hadn't hl ns Complete the rule. We use the past perfect to talk about things that happened before / after other past events. We often use it with the ____and linkers lke before, after, because, when, By the time, Rules pp.WS10 6 Complete the sentences with the past perfect form of the verbs and the words in parentheses steal hear leave not see 1. The detective interviewed us, but we anything suspicions. 2 When I got home, | realized that someone my wallet! 3. The bus (already) when | arrived at the station. 4 __ (you) about the crime before you read about it? 7 Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses. Write one verb in the simple past and one verb in the past perfect form. 1 The library (lose) by the time \ (arrive). 2 Diego __ (not be) hungry because he (already / 2). 3 Mymom (Pick) me up after (miss) the bus. 4 (you / read) the book before you ~ (Gee) the movie version? has The justice system 8 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. ‘arrested prison judge jury released trial sentence 1. He spent five years in for drug dealing, 2 The lasted two weeks, and the found the men guilty of robbery. 3. The murderer received a life 4 The police six protesters, but them a few hours later. 5 That_ has a reputation for being fair. 9 MO Listen to the biography of Nelson Mandela. Number the events in the order that you hear them. —1__ Nolson Mandela is born in South Arica, 1978 _ Protesters are killed in a demonstration, and the ANC ‘becomes an illegal organization. ‘The South African government introduces a system of laws called apartheid Mandela and other acts ae arrested, He goes to tral and receives aie sentence He retes trom politics, He wins the Nobel Peace Prize. “Mandela joins the African National Congress (ANC), a political party ‘Al black people can vote forthe first time, and Mandela becomes the president He spends 27 years in prison. People protest and he 's finaly release. 10 @® Listen again. Write the years next to the events in exercise 9. 11 EEIIENA Tell Mandela's life story. Combine the events in exercises 9 and 10 using after + past perfect and the simple past. “iter Mandela had joined the ANC, the government introduced a s ‘After the government had introduced rotesters were killed in a demonstration.eet a 7 Have you or someone you know ever witnessed or been the victim of a theft? What happened? TTA. Including details in a description When you are reporting something missing, i's important to give as much detail as possible. Make sure to mention its color, size, shape, what it's made of, and the brand. Dont forget to say when and where you last saw the object = 2 TEEN What has been stolen? Erwin Excuse me, 'd like to report a crime, please. Officer How big is the bag? Officer OK, what sort of crime are we talking about? Erwin _ It’s big sports bag. It’s purple. Erwin It'.a theft. Someone's stolen my bag—and it Officer What's it made of? had my camera in it Erwin It’s canvas Officer Oh, I'm so sorry. That's really frustrating, Officer What brand is the camera? isn’t it? So where did it take place? Erwin Its a Digipix Pro. Erwin Itwas in the Blue Door Diner on Pine Street. Officer Do you have any idea who might have twas just half an hour ago. taken your bag? Officer Did the bag have anything in it? Erwin No, I don’t Erwin Well, besides the camera, it had some sports, Maki Erwin, you left this at the restaurant equipment—and a jacket. IIIT Read the Speaking strategy. Then, in groups of three, practice the dialogue in exercise 2. on ‘Complete the phrases from the dialogue. Then listen, check, and repeat. Reporting Vd lke to acrime, (stolen my bag). Itwas!___ the Blue Door Diner): Questioning Where did it place?) ( big is (the bag)? ) What’ it of?) (What 2 is (t/thecameray? SS = have (taken your bag)?, eT TT CTT. To report an emergency (a crime in progress, a fire, a medical emergency, a car crash) In the US. and in some other countries, you should call SI. In many other countries, the ‘number is 112. In some others, it is 99, What is the emergency number in your Coliquestions with How. 1 the suspect / tll? 3. the police station / far? 2 the bikes / old? 4. the bags / heavy? Listen to two conversations and complete the chart. E 2 [ Name Stolen item : Description 7 | Make Location iH Z Time ft - (pieernmron. “SJ In pairs, you have two minutes a to write down as many things apt! stole, you might need to report ‘as missing—either lost or stolen. Compare your ideas with the class. Student A: Report the theft of an object. Student B: You are a police officer. Use the police report form below to collect the details of the theft. Then swap roles. Helio. lke to report a crime. What sort of crime was it? Ina. You call the local police station to report your missing pet. Write a dialogue. Then practice it in pairs. Name: ‘Stolen item: Description: Make: Location: Time:GEC TET CR Ure i Presenter Emma, you've been working on a project Presenter So tell us about the project to keep young people out of crime, ? Emma Well the coffee company Kenco started the Coffee vs. Gangs Emma That’ right. I's a project called Coffee project in 2014. Every year, they take 20 young students from the cities vs. Gang. toa farm in the country, and they train them to work in the coffee Presenter There isa serious problem with gangs industry. The students live together onthe farm, and they also isnt there? c study Math, Languages, and Business. Emma Yes, there is. In some places homicide is the Presenter And the project helps the students main cause of death for people aged 15-29, which in other ways, to, is unbelievable, isn'tit? Emma Yes it does. At the end of the Presenter So whats the cause ofthat? year they give the students money Emma There's alot of drug dealing, Organized So Seart ta ove isin Ts iminal groups gangs-—contol areas ofthe gas them th opportunity fo ‘country. Young people often join a gang because savy fariem omaemoney ort pect che suds pant Start teres have chosen other business Presenter a are responsible for the ideas lke a beauty salon violence, P fora bakery. And that can’t Emma That's right. be a bad thing, can it? Tag questions 1 Qa! ERERETELERT Answer the questions. 3. Complete the tag questions. 1. Who is the project for? 1 The boy was in a gang, 2 2 Why is there so much crime? 2 You've read that book, ? 3 How is the coffee company Kenco helping young people? 3. People shouldn't steal, ? 4 She goes to your school, __ ? Py We can’t do anything about Look at the highlighted words in the text. Complete the rules, i ? with the words in the box. 6 It’s an inspiring story, ? affirmative negative verb pronoun 4 5 [ZIT Read the sentences about iz Honduras, a coffee-growing country. Tag questions Choose the correct alternatives. Ask your We use tag questions to ask for confirmation of something we've just, partner using tag questions. sd, To form a tag question, we use Then listen and check. et 1. Honduras is / isn’t an island pera lente sm 2 Honduras has / doesn’t have a border (09, 40, doesin the simple present Horta +2 __leo. you he she. 3 Hondurans speak / don’t speak Note that we use: Portuguese. eat auxiliary or modal verb if the statement is affirmative. 4 \Geans are / aren’tused lo make coffee. 5 Coffee is / isn’t the most popular drink «ant auxiliary or modal verb If the statement i negative Tnithe wodd Honduras isn't anisland, is it? I don't think so. /mnot sure. es 2 Match the statements with the tag questions. 1 You weren’t angry, a aren't you? You called Mom, would you? Write down five things you think you o> 2 b 3. You'd been to Rio, ¢ willyou? know about your partner. Use the ideas 4 You're seeing Ana, have you? below. Then check the information using 5 You don't eat meat, € were you? tag questions. 6 You won'ttell anyone, f don’'tyou? birthday interests plans forthe future 7 You haven't met Lee, are you? favorite TV show travel experiences 8 You wouldnt li, hh didn’t you? A Your bcthday'sin May, ent? 9 You understand me, i doyou? D Yoasitle 10 You aren’t Canadian, i hadn't you?PES UTIL aire) W g F =Scpie 1. Look at the book cover. What do you think happens in the story? 2 @0s [LEENEIIETT complete the text with the words you hear. and the birth of crime fiction (Soo Se writer, specialized in short stories with ‘mysterious, scary, or supernatural topics. His story The Murders in the Rue Morgue was first published in? Many people today believe it was the world’s first detective story, and it may have inspired the Sherlock Holmes stories and the famous * of Agatha Christi. In the story, Poe invents the Classic figure ofthe brilliant detective who, by The Murders in the Rue Morgue Set in® this terrifying story tells how C. Auguste Dupin solves the mystery of a horrible murder. Two women, Madame L'Espanaye and her * Camille, are found murdered at their home in the Rue Morgue. Camile's body is found in a bedroom. A chest of drawers lies open, and on the floor there is a razor, some gray ? anda bag of gold coins which someone had delivered three days before. Madame L'Espanaye's body is found on the ground outside. ‘Strangest of all, the room where Camille's murder took place is ocked from the inside and no one can open the ° ‘So how did the murderer escape—and where is he now? DW Read or listen again. Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F). 1. Poe wrote about strange and scary events. 2. Sherlock Holmes is a character in The Murders in the Rue Morgue. Sipe 4 @W7 Listen to part of The Murders in the Rue Morgue story. Number the things in the order Dupin talks about them. the bags of gold the chest of drawers some hair in Madame U'Espanaye's hand @7 Listen again. Check (v) the conclusions that Dupin makes about the murder. 1 [_] Abody was thrown out of the window. 2 [_] The murderer escaped through the window. 3 [_] The murderer wasn’t interested in the gold. 4 [_] The murderer was very strong, The murderer was a thief 6 [_] The murderer was from a different country. The murderer was supernatural. a strange voice on the night of the murder the location of Madame U’Espanaye's body The murders took place in the bedroom. 3 The murderer stole the dead women’s gold. 4. The bodies were found in different places. 5. The murderer broke the door to the bedroom. 6 QW Read the Listening strategy. Then take notes as you listen to the end of the story. Who was the murderer? How did the murders happen? = Taking notes Read the task and try to predict the words you might hear. As you listen, write down key words (names, nouns, verbs, adjectives) Listen again and try to expand your notes into full sentences. 7 GEUTEET Ask and answer the questions. 1. Ate crime books popular in your country? 2 Are there any famous fictional detectives or crime writers from your country? 3 Do you enjoy crime fiction? 8 EXEIIIEMIN Research a crime fiction story and present a summary to your class. Research a fictional crime story and the clues the detective found at the scene of a crime. Explain the clues from your story and let your classmates suggest solutions to the crime. ianBu mea} Reading and writing competences Melody* is 16 years old. ‘__ Lewis is 15. He was arrested for fighting on the street with some other boys who had insulted him. They are both on trial today, and they are waiting nervously outside the courtroom. Melody steps inside with her representative to face the judge and jury. It seems like a normal day in the legal system, doesn’t it? But in this case, there's a big difference—nobody involved in the trial is over the age of 18. For years, New York State has been running a system of youth courts. Instead of going to a normal court, some teenagers volunteer to face a jury of people their own age. The judge and jury are made up of teenagers aged 14-18.?__They have to study for 30 hours and pass an exam before they can work in the courts, and they are paid around $100 a month for their participation The youth courts system is used by young people between the ages of 10 and 18 who have committed relatively minor crimes, ike shoplifting or vandalism. The police send them to a youth court if they are first-time offenders and if they accept responsibility for what they have done. re aT Find these words and phrases and check their meaning. running (to run) made up of offenders peer pressure sanction A courtroom where the judges are teenagers alae lo sel ||| =|—|— | | The youth courts were started in 1998 because the youth crime rate in New York had become a problem. Among other things, these courts aim to keep minor youth crimes out of the adult legal system and to stop the offenders repeating their crimes. But the main goal of the youth courts is to use positive peer pressure to make sure that young offenders understand what they have done and how they have hurt the community. The aim of the courts is not to judge or punish the offenders, but to listen to their story and to prevent them offending again. The “sentences” for the crimes are decided by the judge and jury. ‘____ If the offenders complete their sanction, their crime is forgotten and they don’t get a criminal record. The system is so successful that Some schools use the youth courts to discipline their students instead of excluding them from school. Danny is a good example of how the youth court system can work. He first appeared at the Greenpoint Youth Court a few years ago to receive a sanction for a crime he had committed. * He chose to watch a trial and became interested in the whole process. He wanted to help other young people like himself, so he volunteered for youth court training. Now he works at the same court he A 21K2 appeared in *Names and details were changed to protect the privacy of individuals ;1 Look at the pictures. What do you think the text is about? Then read and check the text. a Is about a trial in a court, b It’s about a movie © Its about a schoo! play. aSicpe 2 Read and complete the text with the sentences a-e. a For example, in some areas of the city one in twelve They are called “sanctions” and they could be teenage boys had spent some time in jal. work in the community, leters of apology, essay- bb They are a mixture of ages, with different interests writing, or tutoring to educate the offenders. and different levels of academic ability Last week, the police caught her riding on New © He had to choose between community service York's subway when she hadhn’t bought a ticket ‘or watching another youth court tral 3 Read the Reading strategy. What do the bold words Za refer to in the sentences in exercise 2? Reference and pronouns When you are reading, is important that You follow the flow of ideas through the text, To do this, you need to identity ‘words that connect ideas. One way writers connect ideas is by using pronouns to refer to nouns they have written in 2 preceding sentence. 4 Answer the questions. 1 How old are the people who work in the youth courts? 2. What do they have to do before they start work there? 3, How old are the offenders in a youth court? 4. What are the other conditions of appearing in a youth court instead of an adult court? 5. Why were the youth courts first begun? 6 What are the main goals of the youth courts? 7 What type of sanctions might a youth court give to an offender? 8 How did Danny first get involved with youth courts? WURMETITAY What is your opinion of youth courts? Do you think they’re a good idea? neyeraemeeni “The youth courts help to keep (Yes think you're right.) “) (ppamsa bt) No, Idon’t agree. ) teenagers out of prison, don’t they? (avppoies, but) ; ve 5 Read about two teenagers who have committed a crime. Imagine that you are in a youth jury. In small groups, discuss the cases and decide on appropriate sanctions. Case 1: Freya is 14 years old. She is on trial for shoplifting. ‘She was caught trying to steal a tablet from a store. Case 2: Jordan is 15 years old. He was arrested for spraying graffiti in the subway. apie ae eae When you write a story, remember to use the appropriate past tenses, Past progressive: to set the scene before the main action starts, or to describe continuing actions that are interrupted ‘Simple past: for the main events of the story. Past perfect: to give background and to talk about actions that occurred before the beginning ofthe story 6 Read the Writing strategy. Then read the start of a crime story. Exchange your story with another student. Now write the next paragraph in the story, How do you think your partner's story will end? explaining what had just happened. Use the Write a paragraph and compare your ideas. narrative tenses and write about 150-175 words.Exam practice and re Vocabulary 1 Complete the sentences with verbs. 1. “How do you it?" “5-U-D-O-K-U." 2 Please the instructions in the guidebook 3. How many languages does he ? 4. Steve doesn’t know how to a joke. He isn’tfunny at all 5 Vdllike to be a nurse. I want to care of people who are sick. 6 Our car won't start. Can you ie 7 My sister’s wedding is tomorrow, and | have to a speech. I'm so nervous! 8 You've really offended Lena! You need to to her. Grammar 2 EEEDI Look at the text in each question. What does it say? Choose the correct answers. The three-month Spanish course will start on June 16. Beginners welcome. a The course started three months ago. b The course will startin three months’ time. The course will last for three months. To: From: Don't forget the film starts at 7 p.m, Will you meet me at the movie theater? Why not bring Sandro, too? ‘a Pedro will meet Julia at the movie theater. Julia wants to know if Pedro will meet her at the movie theater. © Pedro is taking Sandro to the movie theater. (a]max. ~ caw you waiee me tomorrow when you leave for work? I've got anv important interview and | mausta't be Latel simon a Simon is reminding Max that they need to go to an interview tomorrow. b Simon is telling Max he is late for an interview. ¢ Simon would like Max to help him out tomorrow morning. Cer) 3 Write sentences using the simple past or present perfect. 1 you / ever / try / to speak / Mandarin? 2. mymom /learn / Latin / when / she / be / in school 3 the teacher / not give / us / a History test / yet 4 you / meet / Maria / yesterday? 5 1/ really / learn / a lot / on this course so far! 6 people / have / cell phones / since / the 1980s 4 LEB Read the text and questions below. For each question, choose the correct answers. Hil My name's Pernilla and | love learning obscure languages. Some people think that you should only learn languages that will be useful in later life, when ‘you leave school and start work. I'm interested in the history behind a language and the way of lite of the people who speak it. So, four years ago started to learn Breton, which is a minority language spoken in Brittany, France. It has Celtic origins and is very different to French. There are only around 210,000 native speakers now and Breton is classed. as severely endangered by UNESCO. However, the ‘good news is that the number of children attending bilingual classes has risen by 33 percent. Many towns have bilingual road signs and immersion schools have been created. 1. Pernilla enjoys learning languages because ait will be useful in ater lf. she needs languages for work € she's interested in the culture of the language. d. sheis a historian 2. What does Pernilla say about the Breton language? a She learned it four years ago. bb Itis spoken throughout France. € Itis only spoken by Celts. There aren’t many speakers of Breton 3. How does Perilla fee! about the future of the Breton language? ‘a She thinks its future is in danger. b She is worried that only 33 percent of French people speak Breton. € She is optimistic that more children are learning Breton. 4. She believes everyone will attend bilingual classes in the future.ee) Communication 4 8) Complete the sentences with tag questions. Then listen and put a or a7. 1 © complete the dialogue the questions below. There are three ‘extra questions. Listen and check. Simon I don’t know what you mean, Officer. ‘a How much did it have init? Officer You were busy last night, eo Officer There was a robbery in town, b Doyyou have any idea who might ! i hrave taken it? —___’ — © What did the thief look like? Simon Was there? | didn’t know. d_ Where were you traveling to? Officer Don't actso innocently. We've interviewed you before Where did this take place? sksodt other robberies; 7 What coloris the wallet? 7 a 69 What st made of? Simon Yes, butyou've never proved anything, fh OK. What happened exactly? aes Amy Good moming. Ike to report Officer What were you doing in town last night? actime. Simon Well, Lwasn'tin town, * 2 Officer Iwas at home. ‘Amy twas traveling on the subway, and Officer Was there anybody with you? I think someone took my wallet Simon No, there wasn’t. You'll just have to believe me, from my pocket : fe Officer Officer No, we won't. You see, we have a video from last night, and guess who's in it! Amy At Bryant Park station. Officer Amy It’s blue and green. Simon Ah... but | can explain everything! Officer Amy About $15, BB Listen to four people talking about languages Officer * | © and language learning. Match the speakers 1-4 with the Amy No,Fmafraid don't. twasso -«|-—=«uestions. There are two extra questions. aay thee 1 Which language is the most difficult to learn? _ 2 Which i the easiest language to learn? _ Pronunciation | 3 Whatis the most romantic language? _ 4 Are many English words used in your language? _ 5 Whats Esperanto? Intonation in tag questions IF the tag is areal question itis pronounced with rising intonation 2. Ifthe tag only asks | DIB}. Listen again. Complete the sentences with up 6 Whatis the best age to learn a language? _ for agreement or is checking information, a aes words itis pronounced with falling intonation ~. rE fe 1. Esperanto was created in _ 2. Esperanto’ simple and regular 2 lH The speaker is certain about Taree easy fa " facts and is just checking. Listen. 3 ‘Then listen again and repeat. 1. She wasn't at school yesterday, wal'she? 2 You don’t know my sister, do'you? 3 It’s a beautiful day, ist it? 4 They've never met, have they? The origin of the Romance languages is Some people say that Italian sounds ike 5 __is the most English speakers. 6 One word can be pronounced different ways. 3 @Bi The speaker is uncertain about 7 Language learning is more difficult for _ facts and is asking a real question. 8 Under the age of 4, children learn a language like Listen, Then listen again and repeat. their 1 Tom's coming to the party, ish he? 2 ‘They eat meat, dott they? 3. You came on that school trip, did't you? 4 We haven't finished, have we? | ees a aes ft 7 Answer the questions in exercise 5. Then discuss your | answers with the class.The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1 © watch the video about The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. What is the name of the world organization? Why was it formed? How many articles are there in the Declaration? 2 @ Match the words with the pictures. Then listen, check, and repeat. parliament campaign __— discrimination inequality ___ protests __ elect ___ political parties =a WW ee 3 @05 PEEEEMEIENN complete the text with words from exercise 2. Then listen and check. The right to vote Human rights are a universal range of standards which all humans need. One ofthese basic rights is democracy, where citizens people among themselves to represent them. Today, most governments agree that everyone must be allowed to vote, regardless oftheir color, gender, or social position. But this wasn't always the case In the UK, before 1832, the right to vote was a privilege for only the wealthiest men. At that time, ‘was dominated by the aristocracy, who decided that only men over 21 who paid taxes and ‘owned a large house were allowed to vote. Atte beginning ofthe 1860s, British * such as _twasn’t until after the Second World War that the question of the Liberals started to consider voting rights for more people, and The international human rights was fully addressed. In 1948, the UN. led Reform Act of 1867 gave working men in cities the right to vote. In 1866, _Y Eleanor Roosevelt, finalized a legal document called The Universal ‘women started their * for sufrage—the right Declaration of Human Rights. The 30 articles state that people are \ote—and in 1888, were alowed to vote in loca elections. bom sca ar fee foam’ _____. eth the right to vote, Other arti have the i Meanwhile, in the U.S., women had started campaigning forthe right o_O: Othe artes say that al people have the right to: ‘ote in 1850, led by Susan B, Anthony, In 1870, the Fifteenth Amendment Article 3 live safely and freely to the Constitution guaranteed that a persons race or color could not ‘ticle 13. travel in and out oftheir country limit ther ight to vote, However, this ddl nat apply other gender ‘Aticle 16 get maried and havea family For yearn bth the U.S. and U.K, womens groups held very public Atcle 17 own a home “_—orgaized huge marches, disturbed poitical tats 18.9 ritica andoe nee meetings, and tied themselves to government buildings. Thousands of petiaa 10 “tate Gee ion eat eine ‘women were imprisoned fr tel activism, eaiisn ee Inthe UX. before the end of he Fist Word War (1914-1918), women cits age over 30 years ol had been given the rght to vot. However, it wast a unt 1928 that Bitish women’s politcal ® finaly ended, 25 she 4 go ete. when the voting age was changed to 21, for women as well as men. Today, not al countries respect these articles in their own las, (On the other side ofthe Atantic, women had been given the same right Shuman rights activists and organizations, such as Amnesty to vote as men inthe Nineteenth Amendment tothe U.S. Constitution International, stil campaign worldwide for equalty in 1920, 4 GERI What other things do human rights 5 Discuss how you would feel if you activists campaign for? didn’t have the right to vote in your country.Global skills r\ Presentation about an inspirational person Get thinking 1 Look at the types of people below. Brainstorm some examples of inspirational people for each type. + amember of your family + an important person in your community + arch, famous, or influential person Using the word cloud, discuss some of the qualities or character inspirational people have. How are intelligent these qualities important? Give some examples. Read about Malala Yousafzai. a ‘What type of person is she? Why is she inspirational? a Malala Yousafzai Maiala Yousafzal was living in Afghanistan when the Taliban decided that giris weren't allowed an education. Malala was outspoken and wrote a blog about the problem. She continued to go to school, and when she was 15, the Taliban tried to assassinate her on school bus. She survived her injuries and moved to the U.K. On her 16" birthday, she first spoke at the United Nations about the importance of giris’ education, and she became the world's youngest Nobel Peace Prize winner at 17. Malala loves studying and has founded an lorganization which promotes girls’ right to an education worldwide. Get involved 4 [EMI Choose a person you find inspirational. Decide how to present your person — video or oral presentation in class? Follow the steps and make notes: + Use the Internet to find out more information about your person, or write some interview questions for the person if you know him / her personally and want to find out more. + Think about the music and images you will need for your presentation, + Think about what equipment you will need, .g., camera, Internet, PC, smartphone. + Make sure you know the following information about your person: ‘An inspirational person When / Where he / she was bom What he / she is ike What inspirational things he / she has done Why he / she is important to you Why you admire him / her eases ad {can .. work well in groups. o 5] B 4 5 & not very well very well & + an ordinary person with an incredible story + agood friend / someone you are going out with honest empathetic icsthat brave & StPONG generous & powerful cutgoten confident = supportive xnd § talented © e The project s Create the presentation. Write the statements into your notebook and score yourself from 1 to 5. I can ... create an effective presentation. # not very well We will © create coy 2 Gime connections and relations ‘emonstrate social and civic competences § humbte * S good ‘+ Write the presentation, and check you have included all the necessary information. + Practice your presentation with another student, a friend, or family member, or make a video of yourself doing it. + Record the video, if there is one. 6 [XEN cive your presentation, using only notes of the main points, or show your video to the class. Gok Giving a presentation tim / We're going to talk to you about ‘We've known each other for / since ... He / She is important becouse ... | admire / look up to him / her because . He / She is a good influence / positive role model 53 B 1 5 very wellATS ETaag Money: nouns 1 EEE what currencies are used in the U:S., in Japan, and in Europe? The following informal What other currencies can you name? How do you say the prices in the pictures? J phrases are used for 2 G5 Match the words with the pictures above. Then listen, check, and repeat. 1 bankcard /debit card __—§_cash register 2 check 6 check 3 cash 7 creditcard 4 ATM 8 bills cash in the US. 2 penny = 9 PIN anickel = 5 cents 10 price tag a dime = 10 cents 11 coins a quarter = 25 cents ‘Zereceins a buck = I dollar 3 EXIM cover the words in exercise 2 and look at the definitions. Say the word that matches each definition. 1 pieces of paper money 8 2. pieces of metal money ° 3 bills and coins, 10 4. paper showing how much you need to pay 11 5 paper showing that you have already paid ‘12 6 machine which you can get money from 7 1e where you pay for things ero yy plastic card that takes money directly from your bank account plastic card you can use to buy things and pay for them later label showing how much something costs piece of paper you use instead of cash or a card personal identification number A piece of paper money is aSpending 4 7 Complete the store signs with the nouns in the box. Then listen and check. change sale refunds cash bargains discounts receipt offer checks credit cards SUMMER ; Don't miss these great ! PLEASE keep your as proof of purchase, SPECIAL | two for the | Price of one. | Please check that you have recived the conve © at the cash regstr Mistakes cant be fx ater. ALL MAJOR 5 Complete the sentences with words from exercise 4. 1. You return an item and get your money back 2 Ashirt that you bought is too small. You return itand geta larger one. 3. The bill is $9. You pay $10 and get $1 back. 4 Astore wants to sell things very quickly, so they reduce the prices. 5. Apercentage is deducted from the usual price. 6 Oss Complete the questions with the words in the box. Then listen and check. for_by for_on_around 1. How do you usually pay _ things? Do you pay cash or do you pay credit or debit card? clothes, 2. How much do you usually spend food, or entertainment per month? 3 Have you ever asked a refund or an exchange? Why? Do you always keep your receipts? 4 Do you usually shop. for bargains? Are you more likely to buy something if it’s at a discount? = Ask and answer the questions in exercise 6. 11 What do you think Alex bought? How did he buy it? Sapa 2 © Mo» CALM check (v) the word in each pair that matches the conversation. 1 |_| store in town online 2 |] jeans L] sneakers 3 L] big __| small 4 |_| cheap expensive 3 ©@® Answer the questions. 1. How does Alex know what's in the package? 2. How does he explain their low price? 3. What is wrong with the thing he bought? 4 What is he going to do with them? 5. What other suggestion does Natalia make? Sapim 4 [ETRIN Ask and answer the questions. 1 Do you ever order things online? 2 Is there anything you wouldn't buy online? Why? 3- Have you ever returned something that you bought online? Why? 4 Do-you prefer shopping online orn town? Why? aire Check the meaning of these phrases. {can't believe my luck. Let's take a look. That's hilarious! Leave me alone! Workbook pws Wa 25 |