Candidate Number Candidate Name

JUNIOR SECONDARY CERTIFICATE

LIFE SCIENCE 1220/1
WRITTEN PAPER 2 hours 15 minutes

Marks 130 2017

Additional Materials: Multiple-choice answer sheet

Non-programmable calculator
Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB)
Ruler

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION TO CANDIDATES

SECTION A
• Make sure that you receive the multiple-choice answer sheet with
your Candidate Number on it to answer Section A. For Examiner's Use
• There are thirty questions.
Section B
• Answer all questions.
1
2
SECTION B
3
• Write your Candidate Number and Candidate Name in the spaces
at the top of this page. 4
• Write your answers on the Question Paper in the spaces provided. 5
6
• Answer all questions.
7

• Write in dark blue or black pen. 8

• Use a pencil for diagrams, graphs or rough working. 9
• Do not use correction fluid.
10
• You may use a non-programmable calculator.
• TOTAL
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question
or part question.
Marker
Checker

This document consists of 27 printed pages.

Republic of Namibia
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND CULTURE
© MoEAC/DNEA JSC 2017, Life Science [Turn over
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SECTION A
• Answer all questions.
• For each question there are four possible answers, A, B, C and D. Choose the one
you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple-choice
answer sheet.
• If you want to change an answer, thoroughly erase the one you wish to delete.

1 Which statement best describes how HIV destroys the immune system?

A HIV attacks and destroys lymphocytes which produce antibodies.

B HIV attacks and destroys the red blood cells and antibodies.
C The virus attacks and destroys the lymphnodes and bone marrow.
D The virus attacks and destroys the platelets which clot blood.

2 The ELISA test shows the presence of the

A antibodies to HIV.
B antigens of HIV.
C HIV nucleic acid.
D HIV particles.

3 A student looks at a specimen through a microscope.

Which scientific process is carried out?

A classifying
B inferring
C measuring
D observing

4 Through which two lenses do light rays need to pass in order to magnify a specimen?

The lenses in
A the eye piece and the objective.
B the eye piece and the stage.
C the objective and the base.
D the tube and the stage.

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5 The diagram shows a Paramecium, magnified X150.

Which calculation shows the actual length of the Paramecium?

A 52 x 150
B 52 ÷ 150
C 150 ÷ 52
D 150 + 52

6 Which is a principle of magnification?

A The closer the object, the lower the magnification.

B The further away the object, the stronger the magnification.
C The stronger the magnification, the larger the area viewed.
D The stronger the magnification, the smaller the area viewed.

7 Taxonomy is

A a written set of options used to identify the class.

B identifying and naming living things.
C naming organisms using two-word latin names.
D the slow and a gradual changes in characteristics of a species.

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8 What is the species name for the animal shown?

A burchelli
B Equus
C mammal
D zebra

9 Use the key to identify the leaf.

1 leaf stalk present go to 2

leaf stalk absent A
2 main vein present go to 3
main vein absent B
3 parallel veins C
network of veins D

10 What type of identification key uses pairs of contrasting descriptions that compare
features of a particular organism or group of organisms?

A binomial
B dichotomous
C dicotyledon
D monocotyledon

11 Which two are examples of unicellular organisms?

A bacteria and virus

B bacteria and yeast
C bread mould and virus
D bread mould and yeast

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12 A piece of potato measuring 50 mm in length was placed in pure water. When it

was removed after two hours, it measured 54 mm in length.

Which process was responsible for this change in the length of the potato?
A active transport
B diffusion
C facilitated diffusion
D osmosis

13 Mitochondria are

A biconcave-shaped structures containing chlorophyll.

B rod-shaped organelles where respiration and transfer of energy takes place.
C spaces filled with a fluid rich in sugar and salt solutions.
D tough rigid coverings of plant cells made of cellulose.

14 The process of absorption of carbon dioxide from air by plant leaves happen through

A active transport.
B diffusion.
C osmosis.
D transpiration.

15 Plants are characterised as being

A autotrophic and multicellular.

B autotrophic and unicellular.
C heterotrophic and multicellular.
D heterotrophic and unicellular.

16 Which kingdom is made up of thread-like hyphae rather than cells?

A Animals
B Fungi
C Monera
D Protoctista

17 The amount of energy a person needs in their diet depends on the amount of
energy they use each day. This is turn depends on

A the activity level of the job they do.

B the high amount of energy contained in fats.
C the number of children they have.
D the relatively low amount of energy contained in proteins.

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18 Simple elements or compounds that are needed by the body and are not made
by plants, are called

A carbohydrates.
B inorganic nutrients.
C organic nutrients.
D proteins.

19 Which labelled structure carries urine from the bladder out of the body?

20 If water lost by the body on a hot day is not replaced,

A the cells burst due to excess water.

B the blood becomes diluted.
C the kidneys produce more urine.
D the body becomes dehydrated.

21 Which one forms part of the peripheral nervous system?

A brain
B nerves
C skull
D spinal cord

22 Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling heart beat, breathing and
blood pressure?

A cerebellum
B cerebrum
C medulla oblongata
D motor neurone

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23 Where are relay neurones located?

A effector
B receptor
C spinal cord
D spinal nerve

24 Which is a depressant drug?

A alcohol
B caffeine
C cocaine
D mandrax

25 Stimuli are detected by

A effectors.
B glands.
C muscles.
D receptors.

26 All of the following are functions of the skeleton except

A enabling movement.
B making muscles.
C protecting organs.
D providing support.

27 The presence of a mutation that rearranges an organism's chromosomes can be

confirmed by

A eye-colour.
B finger prints.
C karyotype.
D phenotype.

28 A mutation that changes the number of chromosomes an individual has can result in

A albinism.
B baldness.
C color blindness.
D Down's syndrome.

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29 When neither one of a pair of alleles is fully dominant over the other, this is called

A co-dominance.
B cross-dominance.
C non-dominance.
D unequal-dominance.

30 Scientists believe that evolution

A allowed organisms to feed on the same type of food.

B shows that living things were never related to each other.
C took place after individual organisms developed features that would help them
survive.
D was brought about by the process called artificial selection.

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SECTION B For
Examiner’s
Use
• Answer all the questions in Section B.
• Use a pencil when making drawings or drawing graphs.

1 (a)  (i) Match the components in column A with their immune functions in

column B, using a ruled lined.

A B
stomach keeps out bacteria
skin kills pathogens inside the body
white blood cells kills pathogens ingisted with food
[3]
(ii) The trachea also has an immune function.
State the adaptation in the trachea that enables it to perform this
immune function.
................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) Explain the function of the adaptation you mentioned in (a) (ii).

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [2]

(b) Immunisation is important in the prevention of infectious diseases.

(i) Outline one way in which infectious diseases are transmitted.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Malaria is an example of a common infectious disease.

State the name of the parasite that causes malaria.
................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) Name the kingdom to which the parasite mentioned in (b) (ii) belongs.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iv) Explain why vaccination against an infectious disease like tuberculosis

does not protect a person from an attack by measles.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

[10]

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2 (a) Complete the sentences below using the following words. For
Examiner’s
Use
classes, family, genus, kingdoms
A (i) ................................ is a category in the classification of organisms
that consist of similar or closely related (ii) .............................................
In traditional classification schemes, phyla are grouped into

(iii) ............................................................................................ [3]

(b) Fig. 2.1 shows a cladogram of the domains of living organisms.

A
Bacteria Archaea ...........................

B
...........................

Fig. 2.1

(i) Label A and B in Fig. 2.1. [2]

(ii) Describe one distinguishing characteristic of Archaebacteria.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

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(c) Fig. 2.2 shows the relationships among various insects. For
Examiner’s
Use
beetles

wasps

butterflies

flies

Fig. 2.2
List two conclusions that can be drawn about the relationship between
butterflies and flies based on this cladogram.

1.....................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

2.....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) Name one type of characteristic scientists may use to place organisms into
groups.

....................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) Explain why using common names are not used when classifying
organisms.

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [1]

[10]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows a root hair cell. For

Examiner’s
Use

Fig. 3.1

(a)  (i) Draw a large diagram of the root hair cell.

[3]
On the diagram label the parts using the letter indicated responsible for
(ii) controlling/regulating cell activities - letter N. [1]

(iii) storing salts/pigments/sugars/waste - letter V. [1]

(iv) State the feature unique to the cell membrane that enables it to carry
out the function of security in cells.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

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(b) The animals found in tufted hair grass were compared with those in For
Examiner’s
cocksfoot grass. The results are displayed in Fig. 3.2. Use

100
Key
90
number of animals

80 tufted hair
70 grass
60 cocksfoot
50 grass
40
30
20
10
0 E S N W C M L B
groups
E = earthworms W = woodlice L = click beetle larvae
S = slugs C = centipedes B = butterfly and moth larvae
N = snails M = millipedes

Fig. 3.2
List the most numerous groups of animals in
(i) the tufted hair grass.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) the cocksfoot grass.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(c) Which group of animals is found in almost the same numbers in both types
of grasses?

....................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) Which group of animals is twice as numerous in one type of grass

compared to the other type?

....................................................................................................................... [1]

[10]

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4 Fig. 4.1 shows the different levels of organisation in a human. For

Examiner’s
Use
A B

C D

Fig. 4.1

(a)  (i) Arrange the letters A, B, C and D in the correct order of increasing

complexity.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Explain what is meant by the word a cell.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) Name the two types of cells found in living organisms.

1..............................................................................................................
2.............................................................................................................. [2]

(iv) Animal cells have plasma membranes.

Describe the structure of a plasma membrane.
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [3]

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(b) Fig. 4.2 shows a vertebrate. For

Examiner’s
Use

Fig. 4.2

(i) State one feature that is characteristic of this class of vertebrates.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) List one adaptation of the Tilapia fish species to the Namibian
environment.

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) Fish is a source of protein.

State the deficiency disease that can result from a shortage of protein
in one's diet.
................................................................................................................ [1]

[10]

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5 Fig. 5.1 shows a food guide pyramid. For

Examiner’s
Use

Fats

Chips

Fig. 5.1

(a)  (i) State the food group in Fig. 5.1 which is a rich source of carbohydrates.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Identify the food group in Fig. 5.1 that is recommended for a person
suffering from scurvy.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) Give a reason to support your answer given in (a) (ii).

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) Interpret the significance of positioning food group D at the top of the
pyramid.

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [1]

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(c) Suggest one reason why For

Examiner’s
Use
(i) children need more proteins.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) a pregnant woman needs more proteins.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) an athlete needs more carbohydrates.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

(d) Most of the food we consume contain sodium and sodium chloride (salt)
which is used for flavouring.

(i) Name the organ in the human body responsible for removing excess
sodium chloride from the body.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Apart from the organ mentioned in (d) (i), the skin also has an
excretory function.
List two substances excreted by the skin.
1..............................................................................................................
2.............................................................................................................. [2]

[10]

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6 Fig. 6.1 shows the human respiratory system. For

Examiner’s
Use

Fig. 6.1

(a)  (i) Name the structures found in A that keep the air passages open for the
flow of air.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Identify the part labelled B.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) Explain the significance of having large numbers of structure B.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iv) State what lines structure B on the inside and explain its significance
for maintaining life.
What lines structure B .........................................................................
Significance............................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [2]

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(b) Nicotine from cigarette smoke affects the human respiratory system. For
Examiner’s
Use
(i) Name two other harmful chemicals found in cigarette smoke.

1..............................................................................................................
2.............................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) List two negative effects of nicotine on the human body.

1..............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
2..............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [2]

(c) The rate of breathing becomes rapid, deep and noticeable during vigorous
exercise.

Explain one reason why the breathing rate increases during vigorous
exercise.

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [1]

[10]

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7 Fig. 7.1 shows the internal structure of the human heart. For
Examiner’s
Use

Fig. 7.1

(a) Identify the structures labelled A and C.

A....................................................................................................................

C.................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Outline the functions of the parts labelled B and D.

B....................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

D....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

(c)  (i) Name the blood vessel which supplies the heart muscle with oxygen.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Name the structure which could build up inside the blood vessel
mentioned in (c) (i).

................................................................................................................ [1]

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(d)  (i) Adrenalin is secreted in a frightening situation to prepare the body for action. For
Examiner’s
Use
State one effect it has on the heart.
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Explain how the effect adrenalin has on the heart helps, together with
other organ systems in the body, to prepare the body for action in a
frightening situation.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

(e) List two effector organs involved in nerve and hormonal control in the
human body.

1.....................................................................................................................

2..................................................................................................................... [2]

[10]

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8 Fig. 8.1 shows the female reproductive system. For

Examiner’s
Use
1

2
3

Fig. 8.1

(a)  (i) Identify the part labelled 3.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Explain how the part labelled 1 is adapted to perform its functions in
the process of reproduction and birth.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [2]

(iii) State the number of the part in which fertilisation takes place.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iv) Discuss two functions of the placenta during pregnancy.

1..............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
2..............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [2]

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(b) The calender in Fig. 8.2 shows the dates of menstruation for Talishi in For
Examiner’s
January and February. Use

Ja n u a r y Fe b r u a r y
S M T W T F S S M T W T F S
1 2 3 4 1
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28

Fig. 8.2

(i) How long is Talishi's menstrual cycle?

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) State the dates in January when Talishi is most likely to fall pregnant if she has
unprotected sex.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) Talishi uses the contraceptive pill.

List one disadvantage of using this method of contraception.
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

(iv) Describe the role of oestrogen in the menstrual cycle.

................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [1]

[10]

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9 Fig. 9.1 shows a structure found in the human body. For

Examiner’s
Use

Fig. 9.1

(a)  (i) Identify the structure in Fig. 9.1.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) State the importance/function of the structure mentioned in (a) (i).

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) State where in the human body the structure in Fig. 9.1 is found.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iv) State the number of the structure in Fig. 9.1 found in a human egg cell.

................................................................................................................ [1]

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For
(b) Complete the genetic diagram in Fig. 9.2 to explain how the sex (gender) of Examiner’s
Use
a person can be determined.
Father Mother
.................. ..................

Meiosis

X ......... X .........

Fertilisation

.......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... [4]

Fig. 9.2

(c) A man and his wife both have brown eyes. They have two children. One of
the children has blue eyes.

Discuss by referring to the terms recessive and/or dominant, how genetic

variation of this nature can result.

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

[10]

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10 Fig. 10.1 illustrates some ecological processes that take place on earth. For
Examiner’s
Use

solar energy

35 km
short wavelength energy layer X in stratosphere

15 km

m
fro
e
h an
et al
s
m
im
an

earth's surface

Fig. 10.1
(a)  (i) Identify layer X.

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Explain two importances of layer X.

1..............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
2..............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [2]

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(b)  (i) State the name of the process given to the increase in the temperature For
Examiner’s
of the earth's atmosphere. Use

................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Apart from CFC's list two other gases that contribute to the process
mentioned in (b) (i).

1..............................................................................................................
2.............................................................................................................. [2]

(iii) Describe two ways in which the process mentioned in (b) (i) can affect the
Namibian environment.

1..............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
2..............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ [2]

(iv) Name two products that release CFC's.

1..............................................................................................................
2.............................................................................................................. [2]

[10]

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