PRESENTED BY
K.SUPRAJA
D.ANURAGA
content
PRINTING DEFINITON
Printing is a process for reproducing text and images using a master form
or template. The earliest examples include Cylinder seals and other
objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus
TYPES OF PRINTING
Offset Lithography
Letterpress
Digital Printing
Engraving
Electrostatic Printing
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), refers to
various processes used to synthesize a three-dimensional object.
The technology for printing physical 3D objects from digital
data was first developed by Charles Hull in 1984.
In 1996, three major products, "Genisys" from Stratasys,
"Actua 2100" from 3D Systems and "Z402" from Z Corporation,
were introduced.
TECHNIQUE
Different methods
Selective laser sintering (SLS)
Stereo lithography
Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
Laminated object manufacturing
Selective laser
sintering (SLS)
Stereo lithography
Stereo
lithography
apparatus
An SLA produced part
An example of a complex SLA 3D printed
electronic circuit board PCB with various
components to simulate the final product.
Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
Fused deposition modeling:
1. nozzle ejecting molten
material
2. deposited material
(modeled part)
3. controlled movable table
Laminated object
manufacturing
Laminated object manufacturing:
1 Foil supply.
2 Heated roller.
3 Laser beam.
4. Scanning prism.
5 Laser unit.
6 Layers.
7 Moving platform.
8 Waste.
STEPS INVOLVED
Vat Photo polymerization
Material Jetting
Binder Jetting
Material Extrusion
Powder Bed Fusion
Sheet Lamination
Directed Energy Deposition
Vat Photo polymerization
Material Jetting
Binder Jetting
Material Extrusion
Powder Bed Fusion
Sheet Lamination
Directed Energy Deposition
UV light cures and hardens these polymers with each pass
over the object.
Once a pass is finished, the platform lowers slightly into the
vat, allowing more uncured polymers to cover the object.
ADVANTAGES
Ability to customize products
Rapid production of prototypes
Low cost of production
No storage cost
Increased employment opportunities
Quick availability of organs
DISADVANTAGES
Intellectual property issues
Unchecked production of dangerous items
Limitations of size
Limitations of raw material
Cost of printers
Industrial uses
Rapid Prototyping
Rapid Manufacturing
Mass Customization
Mass Production
Domestic and hobbyist uses
Clothing
3D Bio-printing
3D Printing For Implant And Medical Device
3D Printing Services
Intellectual property rights of the 3D printer users.
Nearly anything can be printed by 3D printers and this is troubling
prospect if criminals use 3D printers to create illegal products.
Firearms could be downloaded and reproduced by anybody with a 3D
printer.
3D Printing technology could revolutionize and re-shape the world.
Advances in 3D printing technology can significantly change and
improve the way we manufacture products and produce goods
worldwide.
If the last industrial revolution brought us mass production and the
advent of economies of scale - the digital 3D printing revolution
could bring mass manufacturing back a full circle - to an era of mass
personalization, and a return to individual craftsmanship.
ANY
QUERIES??
REFERENCES
http://www.wired.com/design/2012/09/how-makerbots-replicator2-will-
launch-era-of-desktop-manufacturing/
http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21528785.800-3d-printers-tell-you-
when-your-design-will-fail.html
<http://www.newstatesman.com/michael-brooks/2012/10/3d-printing-enough-
make-anyone-lose-their-cool>
<http://www.wired.com/design/2012/09/formlabs-creates-a-low-cost-light-
based-3-d-printer/>
