Score Summary:

Test I: ________
Test II: ________
Test III: ________
Test IV: ________
Test V: ________
Name: __________________________ VOM: _______________ Date: ________
Total Score: ________
Midterm Exam: General Biology 1

Test I. Multiple Choice. Encircle the correct answer. (25 pts.)

1. Which diagram correctly represents a step in the normal process of human reproduction?

A. C.

B. D.

2. Which diagram best illustrates an event in sexual reproduction that would most directly lead to the
formation of human embryo.

A. C.

B. D.

3. The cell in the diagram below illustrates a stage of mitotic cell division. Letter B indicates the?

A. Paired chromosomes
B. Centrioles
C. Cell plate
D. Endoplasmic reticulum

4. Which mitotic event in the chart occurs after the other three events in Mitosis have taken place?
A Chromatid unfold back into chromatin
B Separation of chromatids by the action of A. A C. C
spindle fibers B. B D. D
C Disintegration of the nuclear membrane
D Replication of chromosomes

5. Which two processes are involved in mitotic cell division?

A. Nuclear duplication and cytoplasmic duplication
B. Nuclear duplication and cytoplasmic division
C. Spermatogenesis and cytoplasmic duplication
D. Oogenesis and cytoplasmic division

6. What would most likely result if mitosis was not accompanied by cytoplasmic division?
A. Two cells, each with one nucleus C. one cell with two identical nuclei
B. Two cells, each without a nucleus D. one cell without a nucleus

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7. The diagram shown represent stages of a cellular process. Which is the correct sequence of these
stages?

8. The phrases below describe several events that occur during the process of mitosis.
A. Attachment of double stranded chromosomes to the spindle apparatus
B. Formation of single-stranded chromosomes, which are moved to opposite ends of the cell
C. Disintegration of the nuclear membrane
D. Nuclear membrane formation around each set of chromosomes, forming two nuclei
E. Synthesis of a spindle apparatus
Which sequence represents the correct order of these events?

9. A student using a compound light microscope is observing cells undergoing mitotic cell division. If
the cells are from bean plant, which process could be the student observe?
A. The replication of centrioles
B. The formation of a cell plate between two new cells
C. A pinching in of the cell membrane to form two cells
D. The pairing of homologous chromosomes

10. The process of mitosis usually involves

A. Chromosome duplication and synapsis
B. DNA replication and separation of chromatids
C. Reduction in chromosome number and formation of cell plate
D. Tetrad formation and fertilization

11. How many chromosomes will be found in each of the two new cells formed as a result of mitotic cell
division?
A. Only one half as many chromosomes as the parent cell
B. Twice as many chromosomes as the parent cell
C. Three times as many chromosomes as the parent cell
D. The same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

12. Which is a characteristic of the group of disease known as cancer?

A. The rapid formation of zygotes
B. Uncontrolled cell division
C. The formation of only monoploid cells
D. Mitotic cell division in body cells

13. The diploid chromosome number in a certain species of fish is 20. How many chromosomes would
normally be found in bone cell of this fish?
A. 10 B. 20 C. 23 D. 40

14. The initiation signal for triggering cell division is __________.

A. The M checkpoint C. An external factor
B. Any interphase checkpoint D. An internal factor

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15. After the _______ checkpoint, a cell is irreversibly committed to dividing.
A. M B. G2 C. S D. G1

16. In order for cancer to develop, a ____ would need to be inactivated.

A. Proto-oncogene C. Oncogene
B. Tumor suppressor gene D. p53

17. What is the role of growth factors?

A. Molecules that signal for cell division C. Enzymes that break down cell walls
B. Proteins that repair damaged DNA D. Hormones that regulate cell size

18. Name one harmless result of too little cell division.

A. Warts B. Skin discoloration C. Hair loss D. Bone density loss

19. What is one potential outcome when errors occur in this highly regulated cell cycle process?
A. Increase cell differentiation C. Cancer
B. Enhanced apoptosis D. Accelerated growth factor production

20. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the G0 phase of the cell
cycle and cell differentiation?
A. Cells in the G0 phase are actively dividing and maintaining their undifferentiated state.
B. Cells in the G0 phase are undergoing apoptosis (cell death) as part of the differentiation process.
C. Cells in the G0 phase are temporarily withdrawn from the cell cycle and may undergo
differentiation into specialized cell types.
D. Cells in the G0 phase are transitioning from a differentiated state to an undifferentiated state,
reversing the process of differentiation.

21. What causes uncontrolled cell division at the genetic level?

A. Mutations affecting the cell nucleus
B. Mutations affecting the protein that regulate the cell cycle
C. Mutation affecting the cell membrane
D. Mutations affecting the cell cytoplasm

22. What do mutated tumor suppressor genes cause?

A. Cell cycle acceleration C. Cell differentiation
B. Loss of function in cell cycle regulation D. Increased cell apoptosis

23. A tumor suppressor gene that when a person inherited this mutated gene are at high risk of
developing leukemia and lymphoma?
A. Breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) C. p53
B. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) D. Retinoblastoma protein (Rb)

24. Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of metastasis in cancer?
A. Metastasis refers to the initial formation of a tumor at its primary site.
B. Metastasis involves the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites in the
body, where they establish secondary tumors.
C. Metastasis is characterized by the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells within the
primary tumor.
D. Metastasis is a process by which cancer cells undergo programmed cell death within the
bloodstream

25. What is the primary function of the tumor suppressor gene p53?
A. Inducing uncontrolled cell proliferation C. Inhibiting programmed cell death (apoptosis)
B. Promoting tumor growth and metastasis D. Regulating cell cycle progression and DNA repair

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Test II. Sentence/Diagram Construction Using the words listed in each number, write a sentence with
connecting linking words showing the relationship between the words given.

1. Using the words below, write a sentence with connecting linking words showing the relationship
between these words. (2 pts.)
Gene DNA Genome Nucleotide Chromosome Nucleus
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

2. Using the words below, draw and label the chromosome structure. (6 pts)
Centromere Kinetochore Chromosome
Telomere Chromatin Chromatid

3. Using the words below, write a sentence with connecting linking words showing the relationship
between these words. (2 pts.)
Cell Cycle regulators DNA damage Proto-oncogenes Cancer
Genetically identical daughter cells Apoptosis Tumor suppressor genes
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Test III. Identify the parts of the Cell Cycle Diagram and briefly describe what is happening in that
phase. Write your answers on the table below. (20pts.)

Letter Name of the Phase/Stage Briefly describe key Events

A

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 F

Test IV. Cell Cycle Labeling. Identify the cell structures and cell cycle phase in the diagram. (15pts.)

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Test V. Concept Map (projected on the screen for clearer view). Write your answers on the space
provided.

Write your answer here.

1. ____________________________ 14. _________________________

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2. ____________________________ 15. _________________________

3. ____________________________ 16. _________________________