STARS
Learning Objectives
• Define what is a star
• Characterize the characteristics of a
star
• Arrange the stars based on its
temperature from coolest to hottest
• Draw a pattern of stars that you
observe in the night sky
MOTIVATION
ACTIVITY: Challenge Arrange (UPGRADED)!!
Directions: The teacher will divide the class into
two groups, either mixed or boys and girls
depending on their class size and the numbers
of boys and girls. Next, the teacher will attach
two sets of letters on each side of the board.
MOTIVATION
How to play: The teacher will say a word regarding on
the topic then each group will form the word using the
letters on the board. To form the word, every player for
each team must attach a letter on the board one by one.
It means that only one player can attach a single letter
on the board, one player cannot form the word all by
himself/her.
NOTE: once the letter is attached, it cannot be altered or
re-arrange.
WHAT IS A STAR?
STAR
Giant ball of gases, it is a
natural luminous body visible
in the sky especially a night.
Stars are most widely
recognized astronomical
objects. It represents the
most fundamental building
blocks of galaxies
ACTIVITY: VIDEO WATCHING
Directions: The students with their group will
watch a video about the characteristics of the
star. Afterwards, each group will classify the
characteristics of the stars.
On a paper provided by your
teacher for each group, write down
the characteristics of a star and
provide a brief description for each
characteristic based on the video.
ACTIVITY: DETERMINE MY ORDER!
Directions: The teacher will provide a table for each group
where they will arrange the sequence of stars based on
color and surface temperature from coolest to hottest.
SURFACE
STAR COLOR
TEMPERATURE (celcius)
PPROXIMA
RED 2,30
CENTAURI
0
EPSILON ORANGE 4,600
IRIDANI
SUN YELLOW 5,700
VEGA WHITE 9,90
0
SIRIUS WHITE 10,00
0
ALNILA BLUE 27,00
0
ANALYSIS:
Answer the following questions (1 /4 sheet of
paper):
1 .Which star has the highest surface
temperature?
2 .What is the color of the star that has the
lowest surface temperature?
APPLICATION:
Stars helped humans navigate through Earth. When it
was dark these stars would light up the sky giving
people light. In addition, stars are very important
because they make life on Earth. the most important is
the Sun. Ancient sailors used the stars to help guide
them while they were at sea, the star is called the north
star or Polaris. People before also use the sun which is a
star to tell time.
EVALUATION:
ACTIVITY: TRUE or FALSE
Directions: Write true if the statement is true and
write false if the statement is false. Write your
answers on a 1 /8 sheet of paper.
1 .The sun has a 5 ,00 0 degrees Celsius surface
temperature
2 . A star is not natural luminous body visible in the
sky especially a night
3 . The brightness of a star depends on its size and
temperature
4 . Star Alnilam has a surface temperature of 2 7 ,
0 0 0 degrees Celsius
5 . A small star shines brighter than a large star
AGREEMENT:
During night time, look up in the night sky
and locate a star, try to make a pattern out
of the stars (draw your star pattern on ½
short bond paper).
CONSTELLATIONS
Learning Objectives
• Define what is a constellation
• Determine constellations at
different times of the year
• Draw a pattern of constellation
Over the years, various cultures all
over the world have used different
names for the constellations, based
on what they believed they were
seeing. Today there are 8 8
recognized constellations officially.
CONSTELLATION
The word constellation from the
Latin word “con” means Group and
“stella” means stars. It is a group of
stars that make an imaginary shape
in the night sky. They are usually
named after mythological
characters, people, animals and
objects.
CONSTELLATION TYPES
There are three types or categories
of constellations that are
determined by the time at which
they are visible during the year, or
by what types of objects can pass
through the stars.
CIRCUMPOLAR
These constellations can be seen
throughout the year as they are
situated near the poles of the Earth
and do not rise beneath the horizon.
URSA MAJOR
The Big Dipper or the Great Bear is
one of the most well-known star
groups. Actually, the Big Dipper is
not really a constellation, but an
asterism. An asterism is a more
recognizable part of a larger
constellation. The Big Dipper is a
part of Ursa Major constellation.
URSA MINOR
Little Dipper can be seen in its
constellation the Big Dipper. If we
take a look at the two stars that
form the right side of the cup and
follow the straight line of the north
that will take us to Polaris which is
also known as the North Star.
ORION
Also known as “The Hunter”, this is
by far the most simple star to see in
the sky at night. Look for three
bright stars which form what is
known as the belt of the hunter.
DRACO
Draco, Latin for “dragon,” is a
circumpolar constellation—that is, it
lies near the north celestial pole,
and at most latitudes of the
Northern Hemisphere, it never sets.
Draco is the ninth largest
constellation
CEPHEUS
Cepheus is a constellation in the far
northern sky, named after Cepheus,
a king of Aethiopia in Greek
mythology.
CASSIOPEIA
Also known as “The Queen”
Cassiopeia is a constellation and
asterism in the northern sky named
after the vain queen Cassiopeia,
mother of Andromeda, in Greek
mythology, who boasted about her
unrivaled beauty.
CAMELOPARDIS
Camelopardalis is a large but faint
constellation of the northern sky
representing a giraffe.
LYNX
Lynx is a constellation named after
the animal, usually observed in the
Northern Celestial Hemisphere.
ZODIACAL
These constellations are those
through which the Sun travels or
stars that lie along the path of the
Sun. The twelve-star constellations
are at the root of zodiac sign
names.
SEASONAL
These constellations change or shift
depending on the time of the year. The stars
change their positions by 9 0 degrees each
three months. This means that certain
constellations like Scorpius are only visible
at one time of the year while stars like Orion
can only be seen in a different time zone.
There are some constellations in Northern and Southern
Hemisphere that varies from March to December. The constellations
that are visible from late March to late June (Northern
Spring/Southern Autumn) are listed as follows:
Antlia Bootes Cancer
Centaurus Corvus Crux
Leo Lync Musca
Sextans Ursa Major Ursa Minor
Canes Venatici Hydra Pyxis
Virgo
