Date : 31.01.

2022

jktLFkku yksd lsok vk;ksx

jkT; lsok eq[; ijh{kk
ekWMy mÙkj iqfLrdk
RAS-2021-22
TEST PAPER
PAPER- 12

Subject : Full Test Paper-3

nh xbZ ekWMy mÙkj iqfLrdk vkidh lgk;rk] ekxZn'kZu rFkk ys[ku

'kSyh ds fy, fufeÙk ek=k gSA vki blls ,d fn'kk] lVhdrk xzg.k djs
rFkk blds vykok bls viuh ikB~; lkexzh ls vkSj xq.koÙkkiw.kZ cuk;sA
;gk¡ mÙkjksa esa 'kCn lhek dk ikyu ugha fd;k x;k gSa D;ksafd gekjk
mís'; vkidks lEiw.kZrk ls daVsaV nsuk gSA
è;ku jgs tk¡p ijh{kk fujarj o xq.kksÙkj lq/kj ds fy, gksrh gS laiw.kZrk
ds fy, ugh vr% lq/kj dh ges'kk xqatkbZ'k gSA
vkids mTtoy Hkfo"; o lqfuf'pr liQyrk gsrq 'kqHkdkeuk,a

iartfy IAS t;iqj

 GENERAL STUDIES & GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
(Total 200 Marks)
(Total 48 Question)
Unit – I
(;wfuV– I)
Part – A (Hkkx & v)

1. lalnkRed laizHkqrk ls D;k vfHkizk; gS\

What is meant by parliamentary sovereignty?
mÙkj � lalnh; lEizHkqrk dqN lalnh; yksdra=kksa ds laoS/kfud fof/ dh ,d vo/kj.kk gSA
� bldh ;g /kj.kk gksrh gS fd fo/k;h fudk; ds ikl iw.kZ lEizHkqrk gksrh gS vkSj og lHkh vU; ljdkjh
laLFkkuksa ftlesa dk;Zikfydk ;k U;kf;d fudk; lekosf'kr gS ls lokZsPp gksrk gSA
2. lafo/ku dh ekSfydrk dks cuk, j[kus gsrq U;k;ky; D;k dj ldrk gS\
What can the court do to uphold the originality of the Constitution?

S
mÙkj lafo/ku dh ekSfydrk dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, U;k;ky; nks fof/;ksa dk iz;ksx dj ldrk gSA
1- U;k;ky; fjV tkjh dj ldrk gSA

IA
2- fdlh dkuwu dks xSj&laoS/kfud ?kksf"kr dj mls ykxw gksus ls jksd ldrk gSA
3. jkT; ds uhfr funs'kd fl¼kUrksa dh izd`fr crk,a\
State the nature of Directive Principles of State Policy?
LI
mÙkj � funs'kd rÙoksa dh çÑfr U;k;ksfpr ugha gSA budk guu gksus ij U;k;ky; }kjk bUgsa ykxw ugha djk;k tk
ldrkA vr% ljdkj (dsaæ] jkT; ,oa LFkkuh;) bUgsa ykxw djus ds fy;s ckè; ugha gSA
� jkT; ds uhfr&funs'kd rÙoksa dk mís'; yksd&dY;k.kdkjh jkT; dh LFkkiuk djuk gSA
JA

� ;s lafo/ku dh çLrkouk esa m¼`r lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd U;k; rFkk Lora=krk] lekurk vkSj
ca/qrk dh Hkkouk ij vk/kfjr gSaA
� ;s os fopkj gSa] ftUgsa lafo/ku fuekZrkvksa us Hkfo"; esa cuus okyh ljdkjksa ds le{k ,d iFk&çn'kZd ds
N

:i esa j•k gSA

TA

� turk ds fgr vkSj vkfFkZd yksdra=k dh LFkkiuk ds fy;s uhfr&funs'kd rÙoksa dks ;Fkk'kfÙkQ dk;kZfUor
djuk jkT; dk dÙkZO; gSA
4. ,dkRed O;oLFkk ,oa la?kh; O;oLFkk ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\
What do you understand by unitary system and federal system?
PA

mÙkj 1- la?kkRed 'kklu esa ;g vko';d gSa fd 'kku dk lafo/ku fyf[kr rFkk dBksj gks tcfd ,dkRed O;oLFkk
ds fy, ;g vko';d ugha gSa fd mldk lafo/ku fyf[kr vkSj dBksj gksA
2- ,dkRed O;oLFkk esa laln dh 'kfDr;k¡ loksZPp gksrh gS] tcfd la?kkRed 'kklu dh U;k;ikfydk dh
fLFkfr loksZPp gksrh gSA
3- ,dkRed 'kklu ds varxZr lHkh 'kfDr;k¡ dsUnz ds ikl gksrh gSa] tcfd la?kkRed 'kklu esa dsUnz rFkk
jkT;ksa ds chp 'kfDr;ksa dk foHkktu gksrk gSA
5. jk"Vªh; lqj{kk vf/fu;e dh mikns;rk Li"V dhft,A
Explain the utility of National Security Act.
mÙkj ;g ,d dasnzh; dkuwu gS ;g dkuwu Hkkjr dh lqj{kk ds mn~ns'; ls cuk;k x;k gSA ftlds varxZr dk;Zikfydk
dks dgha Hkh ;g izrhr gksrk gS fd fdlh O;fDr }kjk Hkkjr dh lqj{kk dks [krjk gSA ,sls O;fDr ds fo#¼
fujks/ dk vkns'k dk;Zikfydk }kjk fd;k tk ldrk gSA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 2
 Part – B (Hkkx & c)
6. xqV&fujis{k vkUnksyu eas dkSu&dkSu lh uohu izo`fÙk;k¡ mHkjdj lkeus vk jgh gSa\
What are the new trends emerging in the Non-Aligned Movement?
mÙkj Hkkjr us uCcs ds n'kd ls vkfFkZd {ks=k esa tks mnkjoknh lq/kj 'kq: fd, gSa os gh vkt Hkkjr dh fons'k uhfr
dk eq[; vk/kj cus gq, gSaA
Hkkjr ,d rsth ls mHkjrh vFkZO;oLFkk gS ftldh xfr o {kerk dk ,d eq[; i{k fons'k uhfr Hkh gSA
bldh ,d fo'ks"krk fujUrjrk gS vkSj blesa fdlh Hkh le; ij vkewypwy ifjorZu ns•us dks ugha feyrs gSA ek=k
ljdkj cnyus ls Hkkjr dh fons'k uhfr dh O;kid] :ijs•k ;k <k¡ps esa ifjorZu ugha vkrkA Hkkjr dh fons'k
uhfr dk eq[; mís'; ,d lqjf{kr vkSj fLFkj {ks=kh; i;kZoj.k dh LFkkiuk djuk gS rkfd Hkkjr dk vkfFkZd
fodkl vuojr tkjh jgsA
orZeku ljdkj dh fons'k uhfr ¶olq/So dqVqEcde** dh ijEijk ds vuq:i fons'k uhfr ds vuqxeu
ij cy nsrh gSA Hkkjr vius lg;ksfx;ksa dk latky fodflr djuk pkgrk gSA Hkkjr dh ekStwnk fons'k uhfr
'vkradokn ds çfr ^'kwU; lárk* (Zero Tolerance) thjks VksyjsUl dh uhfr dk vuqlj.k djsxhA orZeku ljdkj
us Hkkjrh; fons'k uhfr dks lfØ; cukus dh ps"Vk dh gSA orZeku ljdkj ,f'k;k o fo'o esa c<+rh gqbZ phu
dh 'kfÙkQ ls lps"V gS og Hkkjr dks ,d 'kfÙkQ'kkyh jk"Vª cukus ds fy, vFkZ O;oLFkk ls Hkz"Vkpkj] ykyiQhrk
'kkgh vkSj volajpukRed lq/kj ij fo'ks"k cy nsrh gSA

S
7. Hkkjr esa {ks=kokn ds nq"ifj.kkeksa ij viuh leh{kk izLrqr dhft,A

IA
Present your review on the ill-effects of regionalism in India.
mÙkj 1. ns'k dh v•.Mrk dks pqukSrh & {ks=kh; vkdka{kkvksa ds cyorh gksus dh çfØ;k esa jk"Vª dh ,drk o
v•aMrk dks xkS.k dj fn;k tkrk gS] ;gk¡ rd fd blds mxz Lo:i esa rks dbZ ckj i`Fkdrkokn dk Hkko
Hkh iuius yxrk gS tks jk"Vªh; vfLerk dks pqukSrh ns Mkyrk gSA {ks=k fo'ks"k dk la?k ljdkj o mldh
LI
uhfr;ksa ls Hkjkslk mB tkrk gSA gekjh jk"Vªh; jktuhfr esa fiNys lkr n'kdksa dk vuqHko bl lEcU/ esa
vPNk ugha jgk gSA
JA

2. u, jkT;ksa dh ek¡x &

3. {ks=kh; jktuhfr ,oa jktuhfrd nyksa dk çkcY;
4. Hkwfe&iq=k dh vo/kj.kk
N

5. Lo;aHkw usrkvksa dk mn;

6. jk"Vªh; dkuwuksa o vkns'kksa dks pqukSrh & vjktdrk dh fLFkfr dk iuiuk
TA

7. varjkZ"Vªh; jktuhfr esa ns'k dh lk• •jkc gksuk & vkarfjd {ks=kh; leL;kvksa dk gekjh vUrjkZ"Vªh; Nfo
dks •jkc djrk gSA dHkh ekuokf/dkj ds uke ij rks dHkh yksdrkaf=kd ewY;ksa ds vuqj{k.k ds uke ij vU;
jk"Vª gekjh {ks=kokn ds vk/kj ij mB jgh ek¡xksa dh vkM+ esa vUrjkZ"Vªh; eapksa ij vkykspuk,¡ djrs gSaA
PA

8. ^^Hkkjr dbZ ,dkRed fo'ks"krkvksa lfgr la?kkRed jkT; gSA** fVIi.kh dhft;sA
"India is a federal state with many unitary features." Comment.
mÙkj Hkkjrh; lafo/ku dh la?kkRed fo'ks"krk,¡&
la?kkRed lafo/ku ds mi;ZqÙkQ of.kZr lHkh vko';d rÙo Hkkjrh; lafo/ku esa fo|eku gSa] tSls&
� ;g nksgjh 'kklu i¼fr dh LFkkiuk djrk gS& dsaæh; ljdkj vkSj jkT; ljdkjA
� Hkkjrh; lafo/ku ,d fyf•r lafo/ku gS vkSj lafo/ku ns'k dh lokZsPp fof/ Hkh gSA
� lafo/ku ds os mica/ tks la?kh; O;oLFkk ls laca/ j•rs gSa] muesa jkT; ljdkjksa dh lgefr ds fcuk
ifjorZu ugha fd;k tk ldrkA vr% Hkkjrh; lafo/ku vuE;rk dks Hkh /kj.k djrk gSA
� blds vykok] lafo/ku dh lokZsPprk] lafo/ku ds mi;qÙkQ fuoZpu vkSj mlds laj{k.k ds fy;s ,d Lora=k
vkSj fu"i{k U;k;ikfydk dh Hkh blesa LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA
bu lHkh çko/kuksa ds ckotwn dqN fo}kuksa us bls ^la?kkRed* :i esa ugha Lohdkjk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy;s]
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 3
 çks- ds-lh- fÞo;j ds vuqlkj Hkkjrh; lafo/ku ,d v¼Z&la?kh; lafo/ku gS vFkkZr~ ¶;g ,d ,dkRed lafoèkku
gS] ftlesa la?kkRed rÙo lgk;d :i esa gSa] u fd ;g ,d la?kkRed lafo/ku gS ftlesa ,dkRed rÙo lgk;d
dgs tk ldrs gksaA**
Hkkjrh; lafo/ku dh ,dkRed fo'ks"krk,¡&
Hkkjrh; lafo/ku esa dqN ,sls y{k.kksa dh mifLFkfr Hkh gS tks bls ,dkRed (Unitary) lafo/ku ds utnhd
yk •M+k djrs gSaA ,sls çe• y{k.k bl çdkj gSa
� jkT;iky dh fu;qfDr
� jkT;&lwph ds fo"k;ksa ij fof/ cukus dh laln dh 'kfDr
� u, jkT;ksa ds fuekZ.k ,oa orZeku jkT;ksa ds {ks=kksa] lhekvksa ;k ukeksa ds cnyus dh laln dh 'kfDr
� vkikr&mica/
� vyx gksus dk vf/dkj ugha
� jkT;lHkk esa vleku izfrfuf/Ro
� jkT;lHkk esa ukekafdr lnL;ksa dh mifLFkfr
� nksgjh ukxfjdrk ugha
� nkssgjh U;k;ikfydk ugha
� yksd lsokvksa dk Li"V foHkktu ugha

S
� vof'k"V 'kfDr;k¡ dsanz ds ikl
� jkT;ksa ds fy;s i`Fkd~ lafo/ku ugha

IA
� jkT;ksa dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr dsanz dh rqyuk esa detksj
9- fo/kuifj"kn ds mRlknu rFkk l`tu dh laoS/kfud izfØ;k dk o.kZu dhft;sA
Describe the constitutional process of abolition and creation of the Legislative Council.
LI
mÙkj vuqPNsn&169 esa crk;k x;k gS fd fdlh jkT; esa fo/kuifj"kn ds l`tu ;k mRlknu dh D;k izfØ;k gksxhA
blds vuqlkj] laln fof/ }kjk fdlh jkT; esa fo/kuifj"kn dk l`tu ;k mRlknu djus ds fy;s fof/ cuk
ldsxh] c'krsZ ml jkT; dh fo/kulHkk us bl vk'k; dk ladYi ikfjr fd;k gksA ,slk ladYi fo/kulHkk dh
JA

dqy lnL; la[;k ds cgqer }kjk rFkk mifLFkr vkSj er nsus okys lnL;ksa dh la[;k ds de&ls&de nks&frgkbZ
cgqer }kjk ikfjr gksuk vfuok;Z gSA
10. ^Hkkjr ,oa vkfl;ku ns'kksa ds eè; lg;ksx egÙoiw.kZ gSA* fo'ys"k.k dhft;s\
N

‘Cooperation between India and ASEAN countries is important.’ Analyze?

TA

mÙkj 1. Hkkjr vkSj vkfl;ku ns'kksa ds laca/ cgqi{kh; gSaA vkfFkZd i{k ds rgr nksuksa i{kksa ds eè; O;kikj dh
{kerk 100 fcfy;u MkWyj vk¡dh xbZ gS ftls okLrfod vkdkj çnku djus ds mís'; ls Hkkjr ljdkj
}kjk esd bu bafM;k] fMftVy bafM;k] LekVZ flVh çkstsDV] LVkVZ vi bafM;k] fLdy bafM;k bR;kfn tSls
dk;ZØeksa dh 'kq#vkr dh xbZA
PA

2. fo'o Lrj ij phu dh c<+rh lfØ;rk vkSj vesfjdk rFkk tkiku ds lkFk phu dh c<+rh çfrLi/kZ us
Hkkjr dks Hkh ,f'k;k&iSflfiQd {ks=k esa ,d egÙoiw.kZ Hkkxhnkj ds :i esa LFkkfir dj fn;k gSA
3. phu ds ^esjhVkbe flYd jksM* ds j.kuhfrd çHkko dks ns•rs gq, vesfjdk }kjk ,f'k;k esa iqulZarqyu dh
uhfr ds varxZr phu ds la;fer djus ds fy;s Hkkjr vkSj tkiku tSls ns'kksa ds lfØ; gksij tksj fn;k
x;k gSA ç/kuea=kh eksnh us bl ckr dk leFkZu fd; gS] lkFk gh vkradokn ds f•ykiQ lHkh ns'kksa dks
,dtqV gksus ds Hkh vihy dh gSA
4. nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k o ,f'k;k&iSflfiQd ns'kksa esa jgus okys çokl Hkkjrh; Hkh bu ns'kksa ds chp vkilh
laca/ksa ds fy;s egÙoiw.kZ dM+h ds :i esa fo|eku gSaA blh dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, ç/kuea=k eksnh us bu
ns'kksa dh ;k=kk ds nkSjku çoklh Hkkjrh;ksa ls ns'k ds fodkl ls tqM+us ds fy;s vkÞoku fd;kA
5. E;kaekj Hkkjr ds fy;s ^nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k* dk ços'k }kj gksus ds ukrs egÙoiw.kZ LFkku j•rk gSA ;g Hkkjr]
phu vkSj nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k ds ns'kksa ls tqM+k gqvk gSA ^Hkkjr&E;k¡ekj&FkkbySaM f=ki{kh; gkbos ifj;kstuk*
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 4
 Hkkjr dks esdkWUx {ks=k ls tksM+sxh rFkk vke yksxksa dh vkoktkgh esa lgk;d cusxhA Hkkjr ds mÙkj&iwohZ jkT;ksa
esa foæksg vkSj vyxkookn dh leL;k dks ns•rs gq, E;kaekj ds lkFk e/qj laca/ gksuk vko';d gSaA
6. nf{k.k phu lkxj ij viuh uhfr Li"V djrs gq, Hkkjr us dgk fd ¶bl {ks=k esa Hkkjr dh dwVuhfr
jk"Vªfgr ls çHkkfor gksxh u fd Hk; lsA** è;krO; gS fd Hkkjr ;g ekurk vk;k gS fd nf{k.k phu lkxj
,d varjkZ"Vªh; {ks=k gS vkSj blls lacaf/r dksbZ Hkh fookn 'kkafriw.kZ rjhds ls lqy>k;k tkuk pkfg;s] u
fd ;q¼ lsA
7. Hkkjr dh fons'k uhfr esa fo;ruke] flaxkiqj vkSj baMksusf'k;k ds lkFk j{kk lgk;rk dks çeq•rk nh xbZ gSA
dgk x;k gS fd bu ns'kksa ds lkFk la;qÙkQ ukSlsuk vH;kl vkilh laca/ksa dks lqj{kk dh n`f"V ls etcwr
cukus esa dkjxj fl¼ gksxkA

Part – C (Hkkx & l)

11. orZeku lanHkkZs esa Hkkjrh; fons'k uhfr ds le{k mifLFkr fofHkUu pqukSfr;k¡ dks foLrkj ls le>k;s\
Explain in detail the various challenges before the Indian foreign policy in the present context?
mÙkj Hkkjr ds le{k pqukSfr;k¡% &
,d etcwr phu% phu ,dek=k çeq• ns'k gS ftldh vFkZO;oLFkk esa o"kZ 2020 ds var esa ldkjkRed o`f¼

S
nj ns•us dks feyh] lkFk gh o"kZ 2021 esa blesa vkSj Hkh rst xfr o`f¼ gksus dh mEehn gSA
� lSU; {ks=k esa Hkh phu us Lo;a dks etcwr fd;k gS vkSj gky gh esa o"kZ 2021 esa vius rhljs foeku

etcwr djus dh fn'kk esa c<+ jgk gSA IA

okgd iksr dks ykWUp djus dh ?kks"k.kk ds lkFk ;g fgan&ç'kkar egklkxj {ks=k esa vius çHkqRo dks

� bl lanHkZ esa gkfy;k ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns•rs gq, phu&Hkkjr laca/ksa esa lq/kj dh laHkkouk cgqr de
LI
gS] blds vfrfjÙkQ nksuksa ns'kksa ds l'kL=k cyksa ds chp Vdjko dh fLFkfr tkjh jgus dh mEehn gSA
phu&:l /qjh dh çxfr% gky ds o"kks± esa :l us viuh lhek ds vanj ds ekeyksa esa vf/d #fp fn•kbZ gSA
JA

blds vfrfjÙkQ o"kZ 2014 esa Øhfe;k ij dCts ds ckn :l ij yxk, x, çfrca/ksa us :l dks phu ds lkFk
vius laca/ksa dks vkSj vf/d etcwr djus ds fy;s çsfjr fd;k gSA
;g Hkkjr tSls ns'kksa esa :l dh ?kVrh vfHk#fp dk ladsr tSlk çrhr gksrk gSA
lkFk gh vesfjdk&Hkkjr ds chp c<+rh fudVrk us :l vkSj bZjku tSls ikjaifjd lg;ksfx;ksa ds lkFk buds
N

laca/ksa dks detksj dj fn;k gSA

TA

eè;&iwoZ ds cnyrs lehdj.k% vesfjdk dh eè;LFkrk ds rgr btjk;y vkSj pkj vjc ns'kksa& ;w,bZ] cgjhu]
eksjDdks vkSj lwMku ds chp laca/ksa esa lq/kj dk ç;kl bl {ks=k esa cnyrs lehdj.k dks ifjyf{kr djrk gSA
� gkyk¡fd vczkge ,dkMZ (Abraham Accord) ls tqM+s çpkj vkSj vfrmRlkg ds ckotwn ;g {ks=k iw.kZ
fLFkjrk dh fLFkfr ls vHkh cgqr nwj gS rFkk bl le>kSrs us bZjku ,oa btjk;y ds chp Vdjko
PA

ds tksf•e dks de ugha fd;k gSA

� bl {ks=k esa j.kuhfrd vfuf'prrk dks ns•rs gq, bZjku viuh fLFkfr dks etcwr djus gsrq ijek.kq
{kerk dk mi;ksx djus ds fy;s çsfjr gks ldrk gSA
� ;g Hkkjr ds fy;s xaHkhj leL;k •M+h dj ldrk gS D;ksafd Hkkjr ds fy;s bZjku ,oa btjk;y
nksuksa ds lkFk laca/ cuk, j•uk cgqr gh vko';d gSA
Lo&vf/jksfir vyxko% orZeku esa Hkkjr nks egÙoiw.kZ varjkZ"Vªh; fudk;ksa xqV fujis{k vkanksyu (NAM) vkSj nf{k.k
,f'k;kbZ {ks=kh; lg;ksx laxBu (SAARC) ls vyx&Fkyx gS] ftldk og ,d laLFkkid lnL; gqvk djrk FkkA
� blds vfrfjÙkQ Hkkjr us ^{ks=kh; O;kid vkfFkZd Hkkxhnkjh* (RCEP) le>kSrs ls Hkh vyx jgus dk
fodYi pquk gSA
� gkyk¡fd ;g Lo&vf/jksfir vyxko Hkkjr dh ,d oSf'od 'kfÙkQ cuus dh vkdka{kk ds lkFk rkyesy
ugha j•rk gSA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 5
 iM+kslh ns'kksa ds lkFk detksj gksrs laca/% vius iM+kslh ns'kksa ds lkFk laca/ksa dk detksj gksuk Hkkjrh; fons'k
uhfr ds fy;s ,d cM+h fpark dk fo"k; jgk gSA
� bls Jhyadk ds lanHkZ esa phu dh ^psdcqd dwVuhfr* (Chequebook Diplomacy)] NRC ds eqís
ij ckaXykns'k ds lkFk laca/ksa esa ruko vkSj usiky }kjk u;k ekufp=k tkjh fd;s tkus ds dkj.k nksuksa
ns'kksa ds chp lhek fookn vkfn ds :i esa ns•k tk ldrk gSA
12. ^^D;k vkikrdkyhu 'kfDr;k¡ dHkh jk"Vªifr dks rkuk'kkg rks ugha cuk nsxh** dFku dh ehekalk Hkkjrh;
jk"Vªifr dh vkikrdkyhu 'kfDr;ksa ds lanHkZ esa dhft,A
Cite the statement "Will the emergency powers never make the President a dictator" with
reference to the emergency powers of the Indian President.
mÙkj lafo/ku ds Hkkx 18 esa vuqPNsn 352 ls 360 rd esa vkikrdkyhu izko/ku gS] ftlds vuqlkj jk"Vªifr rhu
rjg ds vkikr dh ?kks"k.kk dj ldrk gSA
1- jk"Vªh; vkikrdky (vuqPNsn 352) & ewy :i ls vuqPNsn 352 ds vuqlkj] ;fn jk"Vªifr dks ;g lekèkku
gks tkrk gS fd xEHkj vkikr fo|eku gS] ftls ;q¼] ckgjh vkØe.k ;k vkUrfjd v'kkfUr ds dkj.k Hkkjr ;k
mlds jkT;{ks=k ds fdlh Hkkx dh lqj{kk ladV esa gS rks og mn~?kks"k.kk }kjk vkikr dh ?kks"k.kk dj ldsxkA
vuqPNsn 352 ds vUrxZr vc rd rhu ckj& 1962 esa Hkkjr ij phu ds vkØe.k ds le;] 1971 esa
Hkkjr ij ikfdLrku ds vkØe.k ds le; ,oa twu] 1975 esa vkUrfjd v'kkfUr dds vk/kj ij vkikrdky

S
dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ gSA ;q¼ ,oa ckgjh vkØe.k dk vkSfpR; Lor% gh Li"V gSA
2- jkT;ksa esa laoS/kfud ra=k dh foiQyrk & vuqPNsn 356& bl vuqPNsn ds vuqlkj ;fn jk"Vªifr dks jkT;

IA
ds jkT;iky vFkok vU; fdlh ekè;e ls ;g Kkr gks tk;s fd ,slh fLFkfr mRiUu gks xbZ gS] ftlesa ml jkt;
dk 'kklu lafo/ku ds micU/ksa ds vuqlkj ugha pyk;k tk ldrk] rc jk"Vªifr ml jkt; dh ea=khifj"kn~ dks
c[kkZLr djrk gSA bl fLFkfr dks lkekU; cksypky esa jkT; esa jk"Vªifr 'kklu ykxw gksuk dgrs gSaA
LI
jk"Vªifr dh ,slh ?kks"k.kk nks ekg ds Hkhrj laln le{k j[kh tk,xh] tgk¡ nksuksa lnuksa }kjk bldk vuqeksnu
vko';d gSA fdlh jkT; esa jk"Vªifr 'kklu ,d o"kZ ds vf/d vof/ ds fy, rHkh tkjh jg ldrk gSA tc
vuqPNsn 352 ds rgr ns'k esa vkikrdky ykxw gks vFkok fuokZpu vk;ksx ;g izekf.kr dj ns fd jkT; esa
JA

pquko djokuk lEHko ugha gSA ysfdu fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr esa fdlh jkT; esa rhu o"kZ ls vf/d le; ds fy,
jk"Vªifr 'kklu ugha jg ldrk gSA
;FkkFkZ esa] bl izko/ku dk Hkh jktuhfrd vk/kj ij dbZ ckj iz;ksx fd;k x;kA blh dkj.k ns'k eas fofHkUu
N

jkT;ksa esa vc rd lkS ls vf/d ckj jk"Vªifr 'kklu ykxw gqvkA dsUnz dh ljdkj jkT;ksa dh fojks/h ikfVZ;ksa dh
ljdkjksa dks bl vuqPNsn ds ekè;e ls c[kkZLr djus dk iz;kl djrh gSA bl izo`fÙk us dsUnz jkT;ksa ds vkilh
TA

laca/ksa dks Hkh izHkkfor fd;k gSA 1967 rd tc dsUnz ljdkj vkSj vf/dka'k jkT;ksa es dkaxzsl dk ,d gh 'kklu
Fkk rc rd dsoy lkr ckj gh jk"Vªifr 'kklu ykxw gqvk ysfdu mlds ckn tSls gh foi{kh ikfVZ;ksa dh jkT;ksa
esa ljdkjsa cuus yxh rc bl vuqPNsn dk iz;ksx cM+s iSekus ij gksus yxkA vusd ekeyksa esa loksZPp U;k;ky;
PA

us jk"Vªifr 'kklu dh ?kks"k.kk dks fujLr dj iqu% jkT; ljdkj dks cgky djus ds vkns'k fn;s] ftlls fl¼ gS
fd bl vuqPNsn dk iz;ksx Hkh jktuhfrd dkj.kksa ls T;knk gks jgk gSA
3- foÙkh; vkikrdky&vuqPNsn 360 & bl vuqPNsn ds vuqlkj ;fn jk"Vªifr dks ;g fo'okl gks tkrk
gS fd ,slh fLFkfr mRiUu gks xbZ gS] ftlls Hkkj dk foÙkh; LFkkf;Ro ladV esa gS rc og foÙkh; vkikr dh
?kks"k.kk dj ldrk gSA ,slh ?kks"k.kk dk nks egk ds Hkhrj laln ls vuqeksnu vko';d gSA foÙkh; vkikr ds
le; lHkh vf/dkfj;ksa ds ftlesa U;k;k/h'k Hkh 'kkfey gS] osru esa dVkSrh dh tk ldrh gSA ns'k esa vc rd
,d Hkh ckj foÙkh; vkikr ykxw djus dh vko';drk ugha iM+h gSA
bl izdkj Li"V gS fd laoS/kfud :i ls lkekU;dky ,oa ladVdky esa jk"Vªifr dks O;kid 'kfDr;k¡
izkIr gSA ysfdu og bu 'kfDr;ksa dk okLrfod iz;ksxdrkZ ugha gSA laoS/kfud izko/kuksa ,oa ijEijkvksa ds dkj.k
og bu 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx iz/kuea=kh o ea=khifj"kn~ dh fliQkfj'k ij gh dj ldrk gSA bl dkj.k jk"Vªifr
jk"Vªkè;{k gksdj lEeku dk izrhd gS] 'kklukè;{k gksdj 'kfDr dk izrhd ugha gSA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 6
13. foÙk ij laln dk fu;a=k.k dSls gksrk gS\ le>kb;s\
How does the Parliament control finance? explain?
mÙkj laln dh çeq• 'kfÙkQ;k¡ o dk;Z fuEufyf•r gSa&
(1) fo/k;h dk;Z o 'kfÙkQ;k¡& laln iwjs ns'k ;k ns'k ds fdlh Hkkx ds fy, dkuwu cukrh gSA ;g dkuwu
cukus okyh lokZsPp laLFkk gSA O;ogkj esa fo/s;d dks rS;kj djuk] mls laln esa çLrqr djuk rFkk laln
ls mls LohÑr djkus dh ftEesnkjh eaf=keaMy dh gSA eaf=keaMy laln esa cgqer ds vk/kj ij mls LohÑr
djk ysrh gSA
(2) dk;Zikfydk ij fu;a=k.k&dh 'kfÙkQ o dk;Z& laln dk;Zikfydk dks mlds vf/dkj {ks=k esa lhfer
j•us rFkk turk ds çfr mldk mÙkjnkf;Ro lqfuf'pr djrh gSA blds fy, laln lnL; eaf=keaMy ds
lnL;ksa ls ç'u iwNdj] iwjd ç'u iwNdj] LFkxu vkSj dke jksdks çLrko o vlg;ksx çLrko ds ekè;e
ls dk;Zikfydk dks fu;af=kr djrs gSaA
(3) foÙkh; dk;Z& yksdra=k esa laln djk/ku rFkk ljdkj }kjk /u ds ç;ksx ij fu;a=k.k yxkrh gSA ;fn Hkkjr
ljdkj dksbZ u;k dj çLrko yk, rks mls laln dh LohÑfr ysuh iM+rh gSA laln dh foÙkh; 'kfÙkQ;k¡
mls ljdkj ds dk;ks± ds fy, /u miyC/ djkus dk vf/dkj nsrh gSaA ljdkj dks vius }kjk •pZ fd;s
x, /u dk fglkc rFkk çLrkfor vk; dk fooj.k laln dks nsuk iM+rk gSA laln ;g Hkh lqfuf'pr
djrh gS fd ljdkj u rks xyr •pZ djs vkSj u gh T;knk •pZ djsA laln ;g lc ctV vkSj okf"kZd

S
foÙkh; oÙkQO; ds ekè;e ls djrh gSA
(4) çfrfuf/Ro& laln ns'k ds fofHkUu {ks=kh;] lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj /kfeZd lewgksa ds vyx&vyx fopkjksa
dk çfrfuf/Ro djrh gSA
IA
(5) cgl dk eap& laln esa lnL;ksa ds fopkj&foe'kZ djus dh 'kfÙkQ ij dksbZ vadq'k ugha gSA lnL;ksa dks
fdlh Hkh fo"k; ij fuHkhZdrk ls cksyus dh Lora=krk gSA blls laln jk"Vª ds le{k vkus okys fdlh ,d
LI
;k gj eqís dk fo'ys"k.k dj ikrh gSA bl çdkj laln ns'k esa okn&fookn dk lokZsPp eap gSA
(6) laoS/kfud dk;Z& laln ds ikl lafo/ku esa la'kks/u dh 'kfÙkQ gSA laln ds nksuksa lnuksa dks laoS/kfud
'kfÙkQ;k¡ leku gSaA çR;sd lafo/ku la'kks/u dk laln ds nksuksa lnuksa }kjk 2@3 cgqer ls ikfjr gksuk t:jh
JA

gSA ysfdu laln] laln ds ey <kaps esa la'kks/u ugha dj ldrhA

(7) fuokZpu lEcU/h dk;Z& laln pquko lEcU/h dqN dk;Z Hkh djrh gSA ;g Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr vkSj
mijk"Vªifr dk pquko djrh gSA yksdlHkk vius lHkkifr vkSj milHkkifr rFkk jkT; lHkk vius milHkkifr
N

ds fuokZpu dk Hkh dk;Z djrh gSA

(8) U;kf;d dk;Z& Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr] mijk"Vªifr rFkk mPp U;k;ky;ksa vkSj lokZsPp U;k;ky;ksa ds U;k;k/h'kksa
TA

dks in ls gVkus ds çLrkoksa ij fopkj djus ds dk;Z laln ds U;kf;d dk;Z ds vUrxZr vkrs gSaA
14. dsanz&jkT; fo/k;h laca/ksa dk fo'ys"k.k dhft;sA
PA

Analyze the Centre-State legislative relationship.

mÙkj Hkkjrh; lafo/ku ds Hkkx&11 ds vè;k;&1 esa vuqPNsn 245 ls vuqPNsn 255 rd dsaæ ,oa jkT;ksa ds fo/k;h laca/
ksa dk mYys• gSA blesa 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk foHkktu dsaæ ,oa jkT;ksa ds chp lafo/ku ds vuqlkj muds {ks=k ds fglkc ls
fd;k x;k gSA lafo/ku dqN vlk/kj.k ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa dsUnz dks jkT; ds fo/kueaMy ij fu;a=k.k çnku djrk gSA
dsaæ ,oa jkT; ds fo/k;h laca/ksa ds ekeys esa pkj fLFkfr;k¡ gSa& 1- dsaæ dk jkT; ds fo/kueaMy ij
fu;a=k.k 2- dsaæ ,oa jkT; ds chp fo/k;h fo"k;ksa dk c¡Vokjk 3- dsaæ ,oa jkT; fo/ku ds lhekar {ks=k 4- jkT;
{ks=k esa laln ds fo/kuA
dsaæ dk jkT; ds fo/kueaMy ij fu;a=k.k (Centre's Control over State Legislature)
dqN viokntud ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa laln dks jkT; lwph ds fo"k;ksa ij fo/ku cukus dh vfrfjÙkQ 'kfÙkQ
lafo/ku ds }kjk çnku dh xbZ gS] ftlds laca/ esa fuEufyf•r fcanq gSa&
� foÙkh; vkikrdky ds nkSjku jk"Vªifr fo/kueaMy }kjk ikfjr /u ;k foÙk fo/s;dksa dks lqjf{kr j•us dk
funZs'k ns ldrk gSA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 7
 � jkT;iky }kjk jk"Vªifr dh laLrqfr ds fy;s lqjf{kr j•s x, dqN fo/s;dksa ij jk"Vªifr dks fo'ks"k ohVks
dh 'kfÙkQ çkIr gSA
� jk"Vªifr dh iwoZ lgefr ds ckn jkT; lwph ls lacaf/r dqN gh ekeyksa ij fo/s;d yk;k tk ldrk gS
(tSls& okf.kT; ,oa O;kikj dh Lora=krk ij çfrca/ yxkus laca/h fo/s;d)A
ljdkfj;k vk;ksx (1983&87) ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa tks la?kh; lokZsPprk gS] og dsaæ ,oa jkT;ksa ds }kjk
cuk, x, dkuwuksa ds eè; mRiUu fookn ,oa ruko dks lekIr djus rFkk nksuksa ds chp 'kkafr ,oa fe=krkiw.kZ
laca/ fodflr djus dh ,d 'kfÙkQ gSA blds udkjkRed çHkkoksa dk vuqeku yxkus ds fy;s dsaæ dh lokZsPprk
vfrvko';d gS] ftlds vHkko esa ;g laHko u gks ldsxkA
dsaæ ,oa jkT; ds chp fo/k;h fo"k;ksa dk c¡Vokjk
(Distribution of Legislative Subjects Between the Centre and the State)
Hkkjrh; lafo/ku dh lkroha vuqlwph esa 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk foHkktu dsaæ ,oa jkT; esa f=kLrjh; O;oLFkk ds
ekè;e ls fd;k x;k gS] tks fuEufyf•r gS&
la?k lwph (Union List)% laln dks la?k lwph ls lacaf/r fo"k;ksa ij dkuwu cukus dh 'kfÙkQ çnku dh
xbZ gS] ftlesa orZeku esa 100 fo"k; gSa (ewyr% 97)A blds dqN çeq• fo"k; gSa] tSlschek] cSafdax] eqæk]
fons'k&ekeys] ijek.kfod ÅtkZ] j{kk] tux.kuk] dsaæ&jkT; O;kikj ,oa okf.kT;] ys•k ijh{kk] lapkj vkfnA
jkT; lwph (State List)% jkT; lwph ls lacaf/r fo"k;ksa ij jkT; fo/kueaMy dks dkuwu cukus dh 'kfÙkQ

S
çnku dh xbZ gS ftlesa orZeku esa 61 fo"k; gSa (ewyr% 66)A blds dqN çeq• fo"k; gSa] tSls& Ñf"k] LFkkuh;
'kklu] iqfyl (jsyos vkSj xzkeh.k iqfyl) yksd O;oLFkk] yksd LokLF;] eRL;ikyu] cktkj] liQkbZ vkfnA

IA
leorhZ lwph (Concurrent List)% laln ,oa jkT; fo/kueaMy nksuksa dks leorhZ lwph esa dkuwu cukus
dk vf/dkj gS] ftlesa orZeku esa 52 fo"k; gSa] (ewyr% 47)A dqN çeq• fo"k; fuEufyf•r gSa% ou] f'k{kk]
vkfFkZd o lkekftd ;kstuk] tula[;k fu;a=k.k ,oa ifjokj fu;kstu vkfnA
LI
� oSls fo"k; tks rhuksa lwfp;ksa esa ugha gSa] mUgsa vof'k"V 'kfÙkQ;ksa ds varxZr j•k x;k gSA bu vof'k"V
'kfÙkQ;ksa ij dkuwu cukus dk vf/dkj laln dks çnku fd;k x;k gS ftlesa vfrfjÙkQ djksa ds vkjksi.k
ds laca/ esa fo/ku cukus dh Hkh 'kfÙkQ 'kkfey gSA
JA

� fo/k;h ,drk ds fy;s vko';d ,sls fo"k;] tks jk"Vªh; egÙo ls lacaf/r gSa] dks la?k lwph esa
'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
� jkT; lwph esa mu fo"k;ksa dks j•k x;k gS tks {ks=kh; ,oa LFkk;h egÙo dh fofo/rk ls lacaf/r gSaA
N

� leorhZ lwph esa mu fo"k;ksa dks j•k x;k gS] tks laiw.kZ ns'k dh fo/kf;dk esa ,d:irk ykus ds fy;s
vko';d gSa] ysfdu vfuok;Z ughaA
TA

Li"Vr% fo/k;h laca/ksa dh fofHkUu lwfp;ksa dks çnÙk fo"k;ksa ds ekè;e ls Hkkjrh; lafo/ku vusdrk
esa ,drk ds lanHkZ esa vuqefr çnku djrk gSA fofHkUu ns'kksa ds lanHkZ esa vyx&vyx n`f"Vdks.k ,oa i¼fr;k¡
viukbZ xbZ gSa] tSls& vesfjdk esa vof'k"V 'kfÙkQ;k¡ jkT;ksa dks çnku dh xbZ gSa] ijarq Hkkjr esa la?k (dsaæ) dks
PA

çnku dh xbZ gSaA

dukMk ds lafo/ku esa 'kfÙkQ;ksa ds c¡Vokjs dh nksgjh çÑfr dks viuk;k x;k gS ftlesa la?kh; rFkk çkarh;
'kfÙkQ;ksa dk lafo/ku }kjk Li"V mYys• fd;k x;k gS ijarq vof'k"V 'kfÙkQ;k¡ dsaæ dks çnku dh xbZ gSa] blh
i¼fr dks Hkkjr us Hkh viuk;k gSA
� lafo/ku esa jkT; lwph ds Åij leorhZ lwph dks rFkk jkT; lwph ,oa leorhZ lwph ds Åij la?k lwph
dks j•k x;k gSA
� ;fn leorhZ lwph ls lacaf/r fdlh fo"k; ij dsaæ ,oa jkT; nksuksa dkuwu cukrs gSa rFkk ckn esa fookn
mRiUu gksrk gS rks dsaæh; dkuwu gh ekU; (çHkkoh) gksxkA
� ;fn jkT; us leorhZ lwph ls lacaf/r fo"k; ij dkuwu cuk;k gS vkSj jkT;iky us bls jk"Vªifr dh LohÑfr
ds fy;s lqjf{kr j•k gS vkSj tc ml ij jk"Vªifr dh LohÑfr fey tkrh gS rc jkT; ds }kjk cuk;k
x;k dkuwu ekU; (çHkkoh) gksxkA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 8
 Unit – II
(;wfuV– II)
Part – A (Hkkx & v)
1. uohu yksd iz'kklu dh fo'ks"krk,¡ crkb,\
What are the characteristics of new public administration?
mÙkj 1. uohu yksd iz'kklu jktuhfr rFkk iz'kklu ds eè; f}foHkktu dks Lohdkj ugha djrkA
2. ;g ekuoh; n`f"Vdks.k dk leFkZd gSA
3. uohu yksd iz'kklu ds leFkZd lkekftd U;k; rFkk lekurk vkSj lkekftd ifjorZu ij cy nsrs gSA
;g fopkj/kjk ewY;ksa ls ifjiow.kZ iz'kklu dk leFkZu djrh gSA
2. izR;k;kstu dh vko';drkvksa dks crkb;sA
State the requirements of delegation.
mÙkj 1. mPp Lrj ij dk;Z Hkkj dks gYdk djukA
2. 'kh?kz ,oa izHkkoh fu.kZ; ysus gsrq
3. dk;Z esa v/huLFk] fo'ks"kKksa dk lg;ksx ysus gsrqA

S
4. fupys Lrjksa ij izcU/dh; {kerk dk fodkl djus gsrqA

IA
5. LFkkuh; ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vuqlkj dk;ksZa dks lEikfnr djus gsrqA
3. dkWiksjsV vfHk'kklu ykxw djus ds ykHk crkb;sA
Explain the benefits of implementing corporate governance.
mÙkj dkWiksZjsV vfHk'kklu O;olk; dks vfFkZd mRd`"V fu"iknu ds lkFk&lkFk cnyrs le; esa lkekftd O;oLFkk ds
LI
lanHkZ esa Hkh dqN nkf;Ro lkSairh gSA bls rjg ;g ,d fo'ks"k izdkj ds O;kolkf;d iz'kklu dk fuekZ.k djus
dk iz;kl djrh gSA ;g vo/kj.kk futh ,oa lkoZtfud {ks=k dks lehi ykus dk dk;Z djrh gSA
JA

4. lÙkk dk izR;k;kstu D;k gS\

What is delegation of power?
mÙkj izR;k;kstu dk vFkZ mPp vf/dkjh }kjk fuEu vf/dkjh dks izkf/dkj vkSj dk;ksZa dk lkSaik tkuk blesa fu.kkZ;d
izkf/dkj vkSj ftEesnkjh izR;k;kstd ds ikl cuh jgrh gSA izR;k;kstu dh izfØ;k esa dk;Z lkSaiuk] izkf/dkj iznku
N

djuk ,oa mÙkjnkf;Roksa dk fu/kZj.k djuk vkfn rRo lfEefyr gksrs gSaA
TA

5. jkT; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx ds dk;ksZa dk mYys[k dhft;sA

Mention the functions of State Human Rights Commission.
mÙkj � vk;ksx dks ;g vf/dkj izkIr gS fd og ekuokf/dkj mYya?ku ls lacaf/r ekeyksa dh tk¡p Lo izsj.kk
ls ;k Lo;a ihfM+r ;k mudh vksj ls fdlh O;fDr }kjk izLrqr ;kfpdk ij djsA
PA

� tsykas o canhx`gksa esa tkdj ogk¡ dh fLFkfr dk vè;;u djuk o blds ckjs esa fliQkfj'ksa djukA
� fdlh U;k;ky; esa yafcr ekuo vf/dkjksa ds mYya?ku ls lacaf/r ekeyksa esas U;k;ky; dh iwoZ vuqefr
ls gLr{ksi djukA
Part – B (Hkkx & c)
6. uo&yksd izcU/ ij ,d fVIi.kh fyf[k,\
Write a note on Neo-Public Management?
mÙkj uohu yksd izcU/ lkoZtfud lalk/u ds O;oLFkkiu rFkk yksd iznkrk ds fo"k; esa 4D dks viukrk gSA
1. D - Deregulation (Mh&jsX;wys'ku)
2. D - Deliciensing (Mh&ykblsaflx)
3. D - Desubsidiation (Mh&lfcLMkbts'ku)
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 9
 (Mh&lsVªykbts'ku)
4. D - Decentrelisation
uohu yksd izcU/ ds rhu eq[; la;kstd fo"k; gSA
1- vi[kaMu] 2- izfrLi¼kZ] 3- izksRlkgu
;g xSj&ukSdj'kkghdkj.k] yksdrkaf=kdj.k] izR;k;kstu rFkk fodsUnzhdj.k] yksd iz'kklu ds n'kZu ds :i esa lkeus
vkus yxkA
bl izfreku dk izkIr djus ds fy, 3 E ij cy fn;k tkus yxkA
� dk;Zdq'kyrk ()Efficiency
� ferO;;rk (Economy) rFkk
� izHkko'khryk (Effectiveness)
7. izkf/dkj ,oa mÙkjnkf;Ro lkFk&lkFk pyrs gSA fVIi.kh dhft,A
Authority and responsibility go hand in hand. Comment
mÙkj ykWMZ ,DVu us dgk gS fd lÙkk Hkz"V djrh gS ,oa lEiw.kZ lÙkk] lEiw.kZ Hkz"V djrh gSA blfy, çkf/dkj ds
lkFk gh mÙkjnkf;Ro leku :i esa vofLFkr gksuk pkfg,A bl lEcU/ esa iQs;kWy us dgk gS fd çkf/dkj vkSj
mÙkjnkf;Ro vUrlZEcfU/r ,oa lekuqikfrd gksus pkfg,A mjfod us bl lEcU/ esa rn~uq#irk dk fl¼kUr çfrikfnr
fd;k gSA blds vuqlkj lHkh Lrjksa ij lÙkk ,oa mÙkjnkf;Ro lgokfluh vkSj ijLij leku gksrs gSaA
çkf/dkj dk çR;k;kstu fd;k tkrk gS ysfdu mÙkjnkf;Ro dk ughaA tSls Hkkjr esa ea=kh mÙkjnkf;Ro

S
dk fl¼kUrA ftlesa fdlh ea=kky; esa fd;s x;s dk;ks± dk vafre mÙkjnkf;Ro ea=kh dk gh gksrk gSA çkf/dkj
laxBu esa Åij ls uhps dh rjiQ çokfgr gksrk gS tcfd mÙkjnkf;Ro ds lEcU/ esa tokcns;rk uhps Lrj ds

tcfd mÙkjnkf;Ro dk;Z djus dh ckè;rk dh vksj bafxr djrk gSA

IA
vfèkdkfj;ksa dh Åijh Lrj ds vf/dkfj;ksa ds çfr gksrh gSA çkf/dkj dk;Z djus dh 'kfÙkQ dks bafxr djrk gS

oLrqr% lkaxBfud dk;ks± ds çHkkoh fu"iknu ds fy, ,oa laxBu dks lqfuf'pr ekudksa ,oa ekinaMksa]
LI
oSKkfud jhfr ds vuqlkj pykus ds fy, inlkSiku ds çR;sd Lrj ij çkf/dkj ,oa mÙkjnkf;Ro lekuqikfrd
gksus pkfg,A
ç'kklu esa O;kIr Hkz"Vkpkj dh leL;k yksd vf/dkfj;ksa }kjk vius mÙkjnkf;Roksa dk mfpr fuoZgu u
JA

djus ls lEcfU/r gSA Hkkjr esa yksd lsodksa ds mÙkjnkf;Ro fu/kZj.k ,oa tu tokcns;rk dks lqfuf'pr djus
ds fy, fofHkUu vf/fu;e ,oa laLFkkxr çko/ku fd, x, gSaA blesa lwpuk dk vf/dkj] yksd lsokvksa dh
le;c¼ vnk;xh yksd f'kdk;rksa dk fuiVkjk] flfVtu pkVZj tSlh O;oLFkk,¡ vkfn çko/ku fd, x, gSaA
N

8. mÙkjnkf;Ro ,oa fu;a=k.k ds chp dk ijLij lEcU/ D;k gS\

TA

What is the relationship between responsibility and control?

mÙkj fu;a=k.k dk {ks=k vaxzsth ds 'Span of control' dk fgUnh :ikarj.k gS] tks nks 'kCnksa ls feydj cuk gS Span vFkkZr~
foLrkj vkSj control vFkkZr~ fu;a=k.kA Span dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gS& og nwjh] tks fdlh O;fÙkQ ds vaxwBs
vkSj dfu"B v¡xqyh dks iQSykus ls curh gS] tcfd control (fu;a=k.k) 'kCn dk vFkZ vkns'k&funZs'k vFkok
PA

deZpkfj;ksa ds vkpkj&O;ogkj ,oa dk;Zdj.k dks la;fer djus okyh lÙkk ls gSA yksd ç'kklu esa fu;a=k.k ds
{ks=k dk vFkZ mu v/huLFk deZpkfj;ksa dh la[;k ls gS ftu ij mPpkf/dkjh dkjxj <ax ls fu;a=k.k j• ldrk
gSA vusd fo}kuksa us fu;a=k.k ds {ks=k dks ifjHkkf"kr djus dk ç;kl fd;k gS] tks bl çdkj gSa&
� fMekWd ds vuqlkj] ^fdlh m|e esa mlds çeq• vf/dkjh vkSj mlds eq[;&lg&vf/dkfj;ksa ds chp
lh/s vkSj fu;fer lapkj laidZ dks fu;a=k.k dk {ks=k dgrs gSaA*
� gsfeYVu ds vuqlkj] ^^lkekU;r;k ,d ekuo rhu ls N% efLr"d ij gh çHkkoh <ax ls fu;a=k.k j•
ldrk gSA**
fu;a=k.k ds {ks=k dh fo'ks"krk,¡&
� fu;a=k.k dk {ks=k laxBu dh inlksiku O;oLFkk ,oa vkns'k dh ,drk ij vk/kfjr gS rFkk blls fudV
:i esa tqM+k gSA
� ;g {ks=k vusd vkSipkfjd ,oa vukSipkfjd rÙoksa ls çHkkfor gksrk gSA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 10
 � bl {ks=k dk dk;Z dh xq.koÙkk ls çR;{k vFkok lh/k laca/ gksrk gSA
� ;g {ks=k laxBu esa vkns'k nsus rFkk mlds ikyu djokus dh vkSipkfjd lhek js•kvksa ls lacaf/r gSA
� fu;a=k.k ds {ks=k }kjk ekrgrksa dh la[;k (laxBu ds mís';ksa ds lanHkZ esa) fu/kZfjr gksrh gSA
9. iz'kklu dk lEcU/ dk;Z djkus ls gSA fVIi.kh dhft,A
Administration is concerned with getting the work done. Comment
mÙkj fdlh laxBu ;k ljdkj esa mfpr <ax ls ;k mRÑ"V jhfr ls dk;Z djus dh çfØ;k ç'kklu dgykrh gSA
ç'kklu esa funZs'k nsuk] ekxZ&ç'kLr djuk] vkns'k nsuk bR;kfn fØ;k,¡ lfEefyr gksrh gSaA ç'kklu dk vFkZ vf/d
O;kid gS] tSls& foÙk ç'kklu] jsy ç'kklu] LokLF; ç'kklu bR;kfnA ¶pw¡fd ç'kklu ,d ls vf/d O;fÙkQ;ksa
}kjk fo'ks"k mís'; dh iwfrZ ds fy;s lg;ksx ,oa ldkjkRed mís'; ls fd;k tkus okyk dk;Z gS_ vr% blds
fy;s fofHkUu laxBu] vusd O;fÙkQ;ksa dk lg;ksx rFkk lkekftd fgr dk mís'; vko';d gksuk pkfg;sA** blds
vykok fofHkUu fo}kuksa ds vuqlkj ç'kklu ds vFkZ fuEufyf•r gSa&
� ekDlZ ds erkuqlkj] ^^ç'kklu pSrU; mís'; dh çkfIr ds fy;s fu'p;kRed fØ;k gSA ;g mu oLrqvksa
ds ,d laxfBr ç;Ru rFkk lk/uksa dk fuf'pr ç;ksx gS] ftldks ge dk;kZfUor djokuk pkgrs gSaA**
� lkbeu ds vuqlkj] ^^vius O;kid :i esa ç'kklu dh O;k[;k mu leLr lkewfgd fØ;kvksa ls dh tk
ldrh gS] tks lkekU; y{; dh çkfIr ds fy;s lg;ksxkRed :i esa çLrqr dh tkrh gSaA**
� fiQiQuj ds vuqlkj] ^^euq"; rFkk HkkSfrd lalk/uksa dk laxBu ,oa fu;a=k.k gh ç'kklu gSA**

S
10. oscj dk ukSdj'kkgh mikxe mlds vkf/iR; fl¼kar dk ,d Hkkx gSA fVIi.kh djsaA
Weber's bureaucratic approach is a part of his hegemony theory. make a comment.
mÙkj
ukSdj'kkgh dgykrk gSA IA
ukSdj'kkgh %& laxBu ds mís';ksa dks iwjk djus ds fy;s fu;qÙkQ fd;s x;s ç'kklfud vf/dkfj;ksa dk lewg

ukSdj'kkgh fl¼kUr dk çfriknd eSDl oscj gSA oscj dk ukSdj'kkgh ekWMy lkewfgd xfrfof/;ksa ds
LI
rdZlaxfrdj.k dh lekt'kkL=kh; vo/kj.kk gSA ukSdj'kkgh 'kCn dk ç;ksx folsUV&Mh xksuZs us loZçFke fd;kA
oscj dk ukSdj'kkgh ekWMy ,d ^;wVksfi;k* gS vFkkZr~ ,slh ukSdj'kkgh dkYifud gS] ;FkkFkZ esa ugha gSA
JA

oscj us ukSdj'kkgh ekWMy dh O;oLFkk ds Øe esa çFker% çkf/dkj dh O;k[;k dhA oscj çkf/dkj ds
fLFkfrxr fl¼kUr dks ekurs gSA blds vuqlkj lÙkk vkSipkfjd in ls tqM+h gS ,oa bl lÙkk@çkf/dkj dks ekuuk
;k mPp vf/dkjh ds vkns'kksa dk ikyu djuk fuEuLFk }kjk vko';d gSA oscj us çkf/dkj ds rhu çdkjksa dk
mYys• fd;k &
N

1- ikjEifjd 2- dfj'ekbZ 3- dkuwuh&rkfdZd

TA

1- ikjEifjd çkf/dkj %& çkphu ijEijkvksa dh ifo=krk esa LFkkfir vkLFkk vkSj muds rgr çkf/dkj ykxw
djus okys yksxksa dh fLFkfr dh oS|rk ij fuHkZj djus okyk çkf/dkj ikjEifjd çkf/dkj dgykrk gSA ;g nks
çdkj dk gksrk gS &
(a) fir`lÙkkRed (b) lkearh
PA

fir`lÙkkRed esa oa'k ijEijk esa o lkearh esa fo'oklik=k dks çkf/dkj çnku fd;k tkrk gSA
2- dfj'ekbZ çkf/dkj %& dfj'ekbZ çkf/dkj bZ'oj çnÙk çfrHkk] fdlh O;fÙkQ dh foy{k.k ifo=krk] uk;dokn
;k mnkgj.kkRed pfj=k ;k mlds }kjk ekud fl¼kUrksa ds çfr leiZ.k Hkko ij fuHkZj djrk gSA bl rjg ds
çkf/dkj esa ç'kklfud LVkWiQ ,sls dfj'ekbZ O;fÙkQ ds vuqlj.kdrkZ gksrs gSa tSls& xka/h th
oscj us dfj'ekbZ çkf/dkj ds laLFkkdj.k dk lq>ko fn;k vFkkZr~ ,sls çkf/dkj ds iqjs ra=k dk fuekZ.k
gksuk pkfg, o blds mi;ksx dk fujUrj çØe gksuk pkfg,A
3- dkuwuh&rkfdZd %& dkuwuh&rkfdZd çkf/dkj ekud fu;eksa vkSj çfØ;kvksa dh O;oLFkk ls ykxw gksrk gS
rFkk blesa lk/u&fof'k"V y{; dh çkfIr ds fy;s vfHkO;ÙkQ rkSj ij fufeZr fd;s tkrs gSa blfy;s blesa dkuwuh
o rkfdZd i{kksa dk lekos'k gksrk gSA ,slk çkf/dkj ekud fu;eksa ds çdkj dh fof/laxrk vkSj ,sls fu;eksa
ds rgr funZs'k nsus ds çkf/dkj rd inksUur yksxksa ds vf/dkj ij fuHkZj djrk gSA bl rjg ds çkf/dkj esa
ç'kklfud LVkWiQ ^ukSdj'kkgh* gksrk gSA oscj us blh çkf/dkj dks vius ukSdj'kkgh ekWMy dk vk/kj cuk;kA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 11
 Part – C (Hkkx & l)
11. jkT; iz'kklu esa eq[; lfpo dh Hkwfedk dk mYys[k dhft;sA
Mention the role of the Chief Secretary in the State Administration.
mÙkj eq[; lfpo tks dk;Z jkT; esa djrk gS og dsUæ esa dSfcusV lfpo x`g lfpo rFkk foÙk lfpo feydj djrs
gSaA blds çeq• dk;Z fuEuor gSa &
1- eaf=ke.My ds lykgdkj ds :i esa
2- jkT; ç'kklu esa leUo; ds :i esa
3- foHkkxkè;{kksa ds :i esa
4- eq[;ea=kh dk çeq• ijke'kZnkrk
5- jkT; yksd lsok çeq•
vU; egRoiw.kZ dk;Z
1- og jkT; eaf=keaMy dk lfpo gksrk gSA og ea=kheaMy dh cSBdksa dk ,tsUMk rS;kj djrk gS] cSBdksa dh
O;oLFkk djrk gS rFkk dk;Zokfg;ksa dk fjdkWMZ j•rk gSA cSBdksa esa çLrqr fd, tkus okys lHkh ekeys]
pkgs fdlh Hkh foHkkx ls lacaf/r gksa] eq[; lfpo ds ekè;e ls gh çsf"kr fd, tkrs gSaA og eaf=keaMy

S
dks uhfr fuekZ.k esa Hkh vko';d lgk;rk vkSj lykg nsrk gSA eaf=keaMy dh cSBdksa ds vykok eq[;
lfpo vukSipkfjd :i ls Hkh eq[;ea=kh dks le;&le; ij vko';d lq>ko vkSj lykg nsrk gSA

IA
2- eq[;lfpo jkT; ç'kklu esa çeq• leUo;d gSA mls jkT; ds fdlh Hkh foHkkx ls lacaf/r fdlh Hkh
ekeys dh i=kkoyh ds fujh{k.k dk vf/dkj gksrk gSA dbZ jkT;ksa esa eq[; lfpo ;kstuk foHkkx] dkfeZd
,oa ç'kklfud lq/kj foHkkx dk lfpo gksrk gS ftlesa og leUo;d dk dk;Z vf/d dq'kyrk ls dj
LI
ldrk gSA og jkT; esa lfpoksa dh cSBd dh vè;{krk Hkh djrk gSA jkT; dh jkt/kuh esa vusd ckj
ftyk vkSj {ks=kh; vf/dkfj;ksa dh cSBdsa gksrh gSa ftudh vè;{krk eq[; lfpo djrk gSA eq[; lfpo
JA

ftyk dysDVjksa ds dk;ks± ij Hkh fu;a=k.k j• ldrk gSA ;g mldk nkf;Ro gS fd og ftyk dyDVj
ds dk;ks± ds ckjs esa iw.kZ tkudkjh j•sA jktLFkku esa leUo;u ds fy, fofHkUu jkT; Lrjh; ';kstuk vkSj
fodkl leUo; lfefr;k¡ LFkkfir dh x;h gS ftudh vè;{krk eq[; lfpo gh djrk gSA
3- eq[; lfpo vius jkT; rFkk dsUæ vkSj vU; jkT; ljdkjksa ds chp vko';d lapkj ekè;e dk dk;Z djrk
N

gSA lkekU;r% varjkZT;h; lnHkko vkSj erHksnksa ds lHkh ekeyksa ij eq[; lfpo dh lykg yh tkrh gSA
TA

4- jkT; ç'kklu esa eq[; lfpo dbZ ckj dfri; foHkkxksa dk çHkkjh Hkh gksrk gSA pwafd eq[; lfpo vR;f/d
O;Lr jgrk gS] blfy, bu lHkh foHkkxksa ds nSfud dk;ks± dk eq[; mÙkjnkf;Ro ,d mi&lfpo ;k fo'ks"k
lfpo ij gksrk gS] tks eq[; lfpo ds funZs'ku esa dk;Z djrk gSA
5- jkT; esa 'kkafr ,oa O;oLFkk cuk, j•us ds fy, og vko';d dk;Zokgh djrk gSA
PA

6- og yksd lsokvksa dk vè;{k gksrk gS rFkk ljdkjh lsok oxZ dh fu;qfÙkQ] LFkkukarj.k rFkk in foeqfÙkQ
vkfn dh 'kfÙkQ mlesa fufgr gSA
7- og lfpoky; Hkouksa o muds d{kksa ij ç'kklfud fu;a=k.k j•rk gSA
8- og dsUæh; fjdkWMZ czkap] lfpoky;] iqLrdky; rFkk vf/dkjh laj{k.k LVkiQ ij tks lfpoky; ds lHkh
foHkkxksa esa dk;Z djrk gS] i;Zos{k.k j•rk gSA
9- ladVdky esa og jkT;ksa ds ^uoZflLVe* dh Hkkafr dk;Z djrk gSA
10- ;fn jkT; esa jk"Vªifr 'kklu ykxw fd;k tkrk gS rks og lEiw.kZ jkT; ç'kklu ds lapkyu ds fy, mÙkjnk;h
gksrk gSA ea=kheaMy dh vuqifLFkfr esa lHkh egRoiw.kZ iQSlys eq[; lfpo ds }kjk gh fy, tkrs gSa rFkk
lHkh lfpoky; foHkkx mlds funZs'ku esa gh dk;Z djrs gSaA

Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 12
12. lkoZtfud {ks=k esa fuxfer 'kklu ykxw djus ds fy, D;k iz;kl djuk pkfg,\ foLrkjiwoZd le>kb;sA
What efforts should be made to implement corporate governance in the public sector? Explain
in detail.
mÙkj � orZeku esa ;g vko';d gks x;k gS fd ljdkj Lo;a dks ¶xSj lkefjd m|eksa¸ ds fu;a=k.k] çca/u vkSj
lapkyu ds ctk; 'kklu dh n{krk ij viuk vf/d è;ku dsafær djsA
� xSj&egÙoiw.kZ lkoZtfud {ks=k ds m|eksa esa yxh lkoZtfud lalk/uksa dh cM+h /ujkf'k dks lekt dh
çkFkfedrk esa lokZsifj {ks=kksa esa yxkuk pkfg;sA tSls& lkoZtfud LokLF;] ifjokj dY;k.k] çkFkfed f'k{kk
rFkk lkekftd vkSj vko';d vk/kjHkwr lajpukA
� vO;ogk;Z vkSj xSj&egÙoiw.kZ lkoZtfud {ks=k ds m|eksa dks laiksf"kr fd;s tkus okys nqyZHk lkoZtfud
lalk/uksa ds mÙkjksÙkj cká çokg (Further out flow) dks jksddj lkoZtfud ½.k ds cks> dks de fd;k
tkuk pkfg;sA
� okf.kfT;d tksf•e ftl lkoZtfud {ks=k esa djnkrkvksa dk /u yxk gqvk gS] dks ,sls futh {ks=k esa
gLrkarfjr djuk ftlds laca/ esa futh {ks=k vkxs vkus ds fy;s mRlqd vkSj ;ksX; gSaA oLrqr% lkoZtfud
{ks=k ds m|eksa esa yxk /u tulk/kj.k dk gksrk gSA blfy;s dkWikZsjsV {ks=k esa yxk, tk jgs vR;f/d foÙk
dh ek=kk ij fopkj fd;k tkuk vfrvko';d gSA
� oLrqr% lkoZtfud {ks=k ds cSadksa esa c<+rh xSj&fu"iknu ifjlaifÙk (NPA) dh ek=kk] nckoxzLr ifjlaifÙk;ksa]

S
c<+rs Hkz"Vkpkj rFkk csgrj çca/u ,oa lapkyu {kerk dh leL;k vkfn dh otg ls ljdkj ls cSadksa ds
LokfeRo esa viuh fgLlsnkjh cspus dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA
13. fVIi.kh djsaA
1- uSfrdrk (Morality) IA
2- lR;fu"Bk (Integrity)
LI
3- fu"i{krk (Impartiality) 4- xSj&i{k/jrk (Non-partisanship)
mÙkj 1- uSfrdrk %& uSfrdrk ls vfHkizk; iz'kklfud fu.kZ;ksa ,oa fØ;kdykiksa esa uhfrxr ;k uSfrd vkpj.k ls gSA
nwljs 'kCnksa esa iz'kklu esa dk;Zjr izR;sd vfèkdkjh rFkk deZpkjh dks iz'kklfud uSfrd ekinaMksa ds vuqlkj
JA

dk;Z djuk pkfg, rkfd os insu 'kfDr;ksa vkSj foosdkf/dkj dk nq:i;ksx u dj ldsaA iz'kklfud vf/
dkfj;ksa rFkk deZpkfj;ksa dk nkf;Ro gS fd os vius drZO;ksa dk ikyu bZekunkjh] iw.kZfu"Bk vkSj lPpfj=krk
ls djsaxs rFkk in ij jgrs gq, os ,slk dksbZ Hkh dk;Z ugha djsaxs tks iz'kkldh; uSfrdrk ds fo#¼ gksA
N

yksd lsodksa dk lkekftd thou ij O;kid izHkko iM+rk gSA vr% yksd lsodksa ls mPp uSfrd vkpj.k
;k vuqdj.kh; vkpj.k dh vis{kk dh tkrh gS] rkfd muds izHkko ls yksxksa esa uSfrd ewY;ksa ds izfr
TA

lEeku c<+s vkSj os Hkh vkxs c<+dj tufgrdkjh dk;ks± esa iz'kklu dks lg;ksx ns ldsaA
2- lR;fu"Bk %& lR; dk vFkZ uSfrd fu;eksa ds lanHkZ esa mfpr lokZsifj ewY; ds :i esa fy;k tkrk gSA
lR; dh vo/kj.kk esa vkn'kks±] ekudksa ,oa O;ogkj dk ,dhdj.k rFkk lqlaxrrk ;k eu] opu ,oa deZ
PA

esa le:irk ,oa lqlaxrrk ikbZ tkrh gSA xk¡/h th us lR; dks bZ'oj ls Hkh T;knk O;kid crk;k gSA
lR;fu"Bk dk rkRi;Z lR; esa vkLFkk j•uk ,oa muds vuqlkj vkpj.k djuk gS A lR;fu"Bk esa iwokZxzg
,oa HksnHkko ugha j•k tkrk] vliQyrkvksa ds fy, ifjfLFkfr dks nks"kh ugha Bgjk;k tkrk ,oa Lo;a ds
fgr ls lEcfU/r vuqfpr ekU;rkvksa dks leFkZu ugha fn;k tkrkA flfoy lsodksa dks dk;Z{ks=k ds çR;sd
igyw ds lanHkZ esa lR;fu"Bk j•uh pkfg,A flfoy lsod] yksd m|e] f'k{kk] fpfdRlk] iqfyl] Ñf"k ;k
fdlh Hkh foHkkx ;k {ks=k esa dk;Z dj jgk gks mlds fy, lR; fu"Bk dk ikyu vko';d gSA flfoy
lsodksa dks O;fÙkQxr] is'ksoj ,oa lkekftd :i ls lR;fu"B gksuk vko';d gS D;ksafd mlds }kjk fd;k
x;k O;ogkj yksxksa ds fy, vuqdj.kh; vklkuh ls cu ldrk gSA
lR;fu"Bk ds ykHk %
blls ç'kklu esa mÙkjnkf;Ro] lgHkkfxrk] lq'kklu vkfn rÙoksa dk dk;kZUo;u lqfuf'pr gksrk gSA
flfoy lsod lR;fu"B gksus dh otg ls n{krkiwoZd dk;Z djrs gS vkSj blls ç'kklu esa vFkZO;oLFkk]
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 13
 çHkko'khyrk ,oa uSfrdrk dks çksRlkgu feyrk gSA lR;fu"Brk dh foijhr vo/kj.kk Hkz"Vkpkj gSA vr%
lR;fu"Bk ls Hkz"Vkpkj ij vadq'k yxrk gSA f}rh; ç'kklfud lq/kj vk;ksx us lR;fu"Bk dks lkoZtfud
fgr }kjk ekxZnf'kZr gksus rFkk fe=k] ifjokj ,oa foÙkh; lEcU/ksa ls çHkkfor u gksus ds :i esa crk;k gSA
3- fu"i{krk %& fu"i{krk dk rkRi;Z fdlh iwokZxzg] fgr] ewY; ls tqM+s fcuk oLrqfu"B ,oa lR; vk/kjksa ij
fu.kZ; ,oa drZO;ksa dk fu"iknu djuk gSA fu"i{krk dk ikyu lR;fu"Bk ds lanHkZ esa gksuk pkfg, dsoy
çn'kZu ek=k ds fy, ughaA fu"i{krk ls jktuSfrd dk;Zikfydk] turk ,oa yksdlsodksa dk eukscy Lrj
mPp jgrk gS D;ksafd jktuSfrd dk;Zikfydk yksdlsodksa }kjk jk; vkSj lykg ds lanHkZ esa fuf'par jgrh
gSA turk vius vf/dkjksa ,oa Lora=krk ds lEcU/ esa fuf'par jgrh gSA yksdlsod osru] inksUufr ds
lanHkZ esa ;ksX;rk ds ekun.Mksa dk ikyu ,oa foHksn u gksus ds lEcU/ esa fuf'par jgrs gSA rVLFkrk dk
fopkj loZçFke fczVsu esa ekLVjeSu desVh us çfrikfnr fd;kA Hkkjr esa Hkh bl fl¼kUr dks flfoy lsok
vkpj.k fu;ekoyh esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
4- xSj&i{k/jrk %& fdlh Hkh jktuSfrd ny ls tqM+ko u j•uk rFkk vU; O;fÙkQ ds lkFk yksdfgr ds
çfrdwy tkdj tqM+ko u j•uk vlayXurk gSA vlayXurk dk rkRi;Z turk ls foyxko ugha gS cfYd
tu&tqM+ko gh gSA ;fn yksdlsod fdlh ny fo'ks"k ls tqM+ko j•rs gS rks ljdkjh uhfr;ksa ds fuekZ.k ,oa
fØ;kUo;u dh xq.koÙkk ij bldk udkjkRed çHkko iM+rk gSA dbZ ns'kksa esa lÙkk iyV ,oa lSU; 'kklu
dh O;oLFkk dk dkj.k fo'ks"k jktuSfrd ny ,oa erksa ds lkFk lyaXurk j•uk gSA

S


Unit – III (Section – A)
;wfuV– III (lsD'ku– A) IA
LI
Part – A (Hkkx & v)

1. lkekftd thou esa ;ksx ds egÙo ij izdk'k Mkfy;s\

JA

Throw light on the importance of yoga in social life.

mÙkj fdlh Hkh lekt ds mRFkku LoLFk o lqlaLdkfjd ifjokj dh vge Hkwfedk gksrh gSA LoLFk ,oa lqlaLdkfjr
ifjokj ls gh ,d vkn'kZ lekt dh LFkkiuk gksrh gSA bl vkn'kZ lekt dh LFkkiuk esa ;ksx dh Hkwfedk
N

egRoiw.kZ gSA ;ksx euq"; dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld :Ik ls LoLFk cukrk gS] vkSj ,d LoLFk O;fDr gh LoLFk
TA

lekt dk fuekZ.k dj ldrk gSA vk/qfud lekt esa euq"; /ku dekus rFkk HkkSfrd lalk/uks dks cVksjus rFkk
foykflrk iw.kZ thou fork jgk gSA izfrLi/kZ o mPpre pkg ds fy, og vuSfrd dk;ksZa dks djrk tk jgk
gSA udkjkRed fpUru dks izJ; fey jgk gSA ftlls lkekftd dqjhfr;ksa ;k cqjkbZ;ksa dks cM+kok fey jgk gSA
udkjkRed fpUru ls vusdksa 'kkjhfjd o ekufld jksx mRiUu gksrs gSA ;ksx ds vUrxZr izk.kk;ke dk o vkluks
PA

dk vH;kl 'kkjhfjd o ekufld jksxkas dk fuokj.k dj mèoZjsrk ;kfu dh ÅWph lksp okyk gks tkrk gSA fopkj
mPp gks tkrs gSA ftldk lh/k izHkko lekt ij iM+rk gSA
2. 2021 esa vtqZu iqjLdkj izkIr djus okys fdUgha nks f[kykfM+;ksa ds uke crkb;s\
Name any two sportspersons who received Arjuna Award in 2021?
mÙkj f'k[kj /ou (fØdsV)] flejuthr flag (gkWdh)] lqjsUnz dqekj (gkWdh)
3. 'Sportsmanship' ls D;k vfHkizk; gS\
What is meant by 'Sportsmanship'?
mÙkj fu;ekuqlkj fu"i{k :i ls [ksyus ,oa izfr}Unh dk lEeku djrs gq, thr ;k gkj dks Lohdkj djus okyk vkpj.k
'Sportsmanship' gSA blesa nwljksa dh dM+h esgur vkSj iz;kl dh ljkguk gksrh gS] muds izfr lEekutud
O;ogkj fd;k tkrk gSA

Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 14
4. ekSykuk vcqy dyke vktkn VªkWiQh
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Trophy
mÙkj 1. bl iqjLdkj dh LFkkiuk 1956&57 eas dh xbZA
2. o"kZ 2016&2017 esa ;g iqjLdkj iatkc fo'ofo|ky; dks iznku fd;k x;k gSA
3. f[kykM+h@dksp@laxBu vkfn dks 29 vxLr] 2016 dks jk"Vªifr Hkou esa vk;ksftr fo'ks"k lekjksg esa jk"Vªifr
}kjk ;g iqjLdkj iznku fd;s x,A
4. fo'ofo|ky;h izfrLi¼kZvksa esa csgrjhu izn'kZu djus okys fo'ofo|ky; dks ,e,ds, VªkWiQh] 10 yk[k
#i, dh iqjLdkj jkf'k vkSj izek.ki=k iznku fd;k tkrk gSA
5. ^[ksyksa bf.M;k* ;kstuk ls gksus okys fofHkUu ykHk crkb;s\
What are the various benefits of 'Khelo India' scheme?
mÙkj 1. blesa 10 ls 18 o"kZ ds djhc 20 djksM+ cPpksa dks jk"Vªh; 'kkjhfjd fiQVusl vfHk;ku esa 'kkfey fd;k
tk;sxkA
2. izR;sd o"kZ 1000 p;fur izfrHkko cPpksa dks LiksV~Zl Nk=ko`fr nh tk;sxhA
3. ;kstuk ls tqM+us ds ckn i<kbZ Hkh lqpk: :i ls tkjh jgsxhA
4. vHkh blesa 16 [ksyksa (fØdsV ugha) dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k gSA
vU; fcUnq &

S
1. [ksyksa ds izfr cPpksa dk vkd"kZ.k c<sxkA
2. [ksy laLd`fr dks c<kok feysxkA

3. ;qok [ksy izfrHkkvksa dh igpku vkSj izksRlkgu feysxkA
Part – B (Hkkx & c) IA
LI
6. v"Vkax ;ksx@jkt;ksx ds fofHkUu vax fpÙko`fÙk;ksa ds fujks/ esa fdl izdkj lgk;d gS\ le>kb;sA
How are the different parts of Ashtanga Yoga/Rajayoga helpful in the cessation of chittvrittis?
JA

explain.
mÙkj fpÙk dk vk'k; gS& ;ksx erkuqlkj fpÙk dk vk'k; vUr%dj.k ls gSaA ftlds varxZr cqf¼] vgadkj vkSj eu
vkrs gSA fpÙk dh ik¡p Hkwfe;k¡ gSa& f{kIr] ew<+] fof{kIr] ,dkxz] fu:¼A
fpÙko`fÙk D;k gS& ;ksx erkuqlkj fpÙk dk fo"k;ksa dk vkdkj xzg.k djuk gh fpÙko`fÙk gSaA fpÙko`fÙk;k¡ ik¡p
N

izdkj gh gS& izek.k] foi;Z;] fodYi] funzk] Le`frA

TA

v"Vkax ;ksx@jkt;ksx & ;ksx erkuqlkj ;ksx ds vkB vax gS tks fpÙko`fÙk;ksa ds fujks/ esa lgk;d gSA ;s fuEu gS&
1- ;e & vfgalk] lR;] vLrs;] vifjxzg o czãp;ZA
2- fu;e HkkokRed gS& 'kkSp] larks"k] ri] Lokè;k;] bZ'oj if.k/kuA
3- vklu & fLFkjrkiwoZd lq[k ds lkFk fdlh fo'ks"k eqnzk esa cSBuk vklu dgykrk gSA
PA

4- izk.kk;ke & 'okl&iz'okl dh xfr dks fu;af=kr djrs gq, mlesa vuq'kklu ykuk gh izk.kk;ke gSaA
5- izR;kgkj & bafnz;ksa dks muds cká fo"k;ksa ls gVkdj vareqZ[kh djus dk iz;kl gh izR;kgkj gSaA
6- /kj.kk & fpÙk dks vHkh"V fo"k; ij dsfUnzr djus dk iz;klA
7- è;ku & fpÙk dk vHkh"V fo"k; dk fujarj è;kuA
8- lekf/ & v"Vkax ;ksx dk vkBoka @ vfUre vaxA ;g è;ku dh ijkdk"Bk gSA lekf/ dk vk'k; gS& ,dkxzrkA
;gk¡ fpÙk dh o`fÙk;ksa dk fujks/ gks tkrk gSA
7. jktLFkku jkT; ØhM+k ifj"kn ds dk;ksZa ij izdk'k Mkysa\
Throw light on the functions of Rajasthan State Sports Council?
mÙkj •syksa ds mfpr fodkl o lqfu;ksftr uhfr fu/kZj.k esa ifj"kn~ dh egrh Hkwfedk gS tks •syksa ds lkFk f•ykfM+;ksa
dks vius lalk/uksa dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, ;Fkk laHko lgk;rk çnku djrh gSA ifj"kn~ jkT; esa çf'k{k.k f'kfojksa
dk vk;kstu djrh gS rFkk jkT; esa jk"Vªh; çfr;ksfxrk vk;ksftr djus vkSj jk"Vªh; çfr;ksfxrkvksa esa çns'k dh
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 15
 ;ksX; Vhe dks Hkkxhnkjh fnykus ds fy, vuqnku miyC/ djkrh gSA ;g ifj"kn~ ,sls f•ykfM+;ksa dks çksRlkfgr dj
mUgsa O;kid lqfo/k,a nsrh gS] tks çfrHkk'kkyh gSa ,oa •syksa esa vOoy Lrj ls •syus dk ç;kl djrs gSaA ØhM+k
ifj"kn~ jkT; vkSj ns'k esa viuk egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku nsus okys f•ykfM+;ksa dks fofHkUu iqjLdkj Hkh forfjr djrh
gSA buesa çeq• gSa&
1- egkjk.kk çrki iqjLdkj
2- of'k"B iqjLdkj
3- •sy jRu iqjLdkj A ifj"kn~ ;ksX; vkSj ind fotsrk f•ykfM+;ksa ds uke vtZqu iqjLdkj' nsus okyh Hkkjr
ljdkj dh desVh dks Hkstrh gSA

Unit – III (Section – B)

;wfuV– III (lsD'ku– B)
Part – A (Hkkx & v)

1. var% O;SfDrd cqf¼ (Intrapersonal) dks ifjHkkf"kr djsaA

Define intrapersonal intelligence.
mÙkj viuh futh Hkkoukvksa] vko';drkvksa] vfHkizsj.kkvksa ,oa bPNkvksa ds izfr ltxrk gh var% O;SfDrd cqf¼ dgykrh

S
gSA mnkgj.k & nk'kZfud] vkè;kfRed usrk bR;kfnA
2. cqf¼ laLd`fr dk mRikn gSaA dSls\

mÙkj
Wisdom is the product of culture. how?

IA
LVuZcxZ ds vuqlkj cqf¼ laLd`fr dk mRikn gksrh gSA vk'k; gS fd cqf¼ dk fodkl ,oa O;fDr dk O;ogkj
laLd`fr ds ewyHkwr vo;oksa ls izsfjr ,oa lapkfyr gksrh gSA
LI
3. vf/xe ds fofHkUu izdkj crk;s\
Explain different types of learning?
mÙkj 1- okfpd@'kkfCnd vf/xe 2- xR;kRed vf/xe
JA

3- lqO;Dr vf/xe 4- vO;Dr vf/xe

5- laosnh vf/xe 6- is'kh; vf/xe
4. vfHkizsj.kk ds eq[; la?kVd dkSu&dkSu ls gS] uke crkb;s\
N

Name the main components of motivation?

mÙkj 1- vko';drk,¡ 2- vUruksZn
TA

3- izksRlkgu@mn~nhiu 4- vfHkizsjd
5. bfcaxgkWl oØ dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft,A
Define Ebbinghaus curve.
PA

mÙkj blds vuqlkj lh[kus ds rqjar ckn foLej.k dh nj dkiQh rhoz gksrh gSa ckn esa foLej.k dh nj ?kVrh gS ijUrq
foLej.k dh ek=kk c<+rh gSA
bfoaxgkWl oØ %&
80
/kj.k dk izfr'kr

60
(izkIrkad)

40

20

1 2 3 4 5 6
Days
(lh[kus ds ckn)
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 16
 Part – B (Hkkx & c)

6. gkoMZ xkMZuj ds fofo/ cqf¼ fl¼kar dks Li"V djsa\

Explain Howard Gardner's theory of diverse intelligence?
mÙkj xkMZuj (1983) us cqf¼ dk ,d u, fl¼kUr dk fodkl fd;k gS ftls cgqcqf¼ dk fl¼kUr dgk gSA vius
bl fl¼kUr esa xkMZuj us egRoiw.kZ ckr dgh] muds vuqlkj cqf¼ dk Lo:i ,dkdh u gksdj cgqdkjdh; gksrk
gSA mUgksaus ;g cryk;k gS fd lkekU; cqf¼ esa ekSfyd :i ls lkr rjg dh {kerk,¡ ;k cqf¼ lfEefyr gksrh
gS] ijUrq xkMZuj (1998] 1999) us vius 'kks/ ds vk/kj ij blesa nks vkSj u;s dkjdksa vFkkZr~ çkÑfrd rFkk
vfLrRooknh dks tksM+k gSA bu ukS rjg dh cqf¼ dk fo'ks"k xq.k ;g gS fd çR;sd cqf¼ ,d nwljs ls Lora=k
gksrk gS rFkk efLr"d esa çR;sd ds lapkyu ds fu;e vyx&vyx gSaA bu lHkh ukS çdkj ds cqf¼ dk o.kZu
fuEukafdr gS&
mi;ZqÙkQ dk laf{kIr fooj.k fuEu gSa&
1- Hkk"kkbZ cqf¼ (Linguistic intelligence) & bl rjg dh cqf¼ esa okD;ksa ;k 'kCnksa dh cks/ {kerk 'kCnkoyh
'kCnksa ds Øeksa ds chp ds lEcU/ksa dks igpkuus dh {kerk 'kkfey gksrh gSA
2- rkfdZd&xf.krh; cqf¼ (Logical Mathematical intelligence)& bl cqf¼ esa rdZ djus dh {kerk]

S
xf.krh; leL;kvksa dk lek/ku djus dh {kerk] vadksa ds Øe (sequence) ds ihNs lEcU/ dks igpkuus

IA
dh {kerk] lkn`';rk {kerk (analogical ability) vkfn lfEefyr gksrh gSaA
3- LFkkfud cqf¼ (Spatial intelligence)& blesa LFkkfud fp=k dks ekufld :i ls ifjorZu djus dh
{kerk rFkk LFkkfud dYiuk 'kfÙkQ djus dh {kerk vkfn lfEefyr gksrh gSaA
4- 'kkjhfjd&xfrd cqf¼ (Body-kinesthetic intelligence)& bl rjg dh cqf¼ esa viuh 'kkjhfjd xfr ij
LI
fu;U=k.k j•us dh {kerk rFkk oLrqvksa dks lko/kuhiwoZd ,oa çoh.k <ax ls ?kqekus rFkk mi;ksx djus dh
{kerk lfEefyr gksrh gSA bl rjg dh cqf¼ urZdh esa rFkk O;k;keh (Gymnast) esa vf/d gksrh gS ftUgsa
JA

vius 'kjhj dh xfr ij i;kZIr fu;a=k.k jgrk gSA lkFk gh lkFk bl rjg dh cqf¼ dh vko';drk fØdsV
f•ykMh] Vsful f•ykM+h] U;wjksltZu rFkk f'kYidkfj;ksa vkfn dh vf/d gksrh gS D;ksafd bUgsa oLrqvksa dk
mi;ksax çoh.krkiwoZd djuk iM+rk gSA
N

5- laxhfrd cqf¼ (Musical intelligence)&bl cqf¼ esa rkjRo rFkk y; dks çR;{k.k djus dh {kerk
lfEefyr gksrh gS ,oa laxhfrd lkeF;Zrk ,oa fuiq.krk fodflr djus dh {kerk gksrh gSA bl rjg dh
TA

cqf¼ laxhr nsus okyksa ,oa xhr xkus okyksa esa vf/d gksrh gSA
6- O;fÙkQxr&vkReu~ cqf¼ (Personal&self intelligence)&bl rjg dh cqf¼ esa vius Hkkoksa ,oa laosxksa
dks ekWuhVj djus dh {kerk] muesa foHksn djus dh {kerk rFkk ekuo O;ogkj dks funZsf'kr djus esa mu
PA

lwpukvksa dk mi;ksx djus dh {kerk vkfn lfEefyr gksrh gSA bls varjkoS;fÙkQd cqf¼ Hkh dgrs gSaA
7- O;fÙkQxr % vU; cqf¼ (Personal-others intelligence)& bl rjg dh cqf¼ esa nwljs O;fÙkQ;ksa dh
çsj.kkvksa] bPNkvksa ,oa vko';drkvksa dks le>us dh {kerk rFkk mudh euksn'kkvksa ,oa fpÙkçÑfr dks
ekWuhVj djds fdlh u;h ifjfLFkfr esa O;ogkj ds ckjs esa iwoZdFku djus dh {kerk vkfn ls gksrk gSA
bls vUroZS;fÙkQd cqf¼ (interpersonal intelligence) Hkh dgk tkrk gSA
8- çkÑfrd cqf¼ ( Naturalistic intelligence)& blls çÑfr esa ik;s tkus okys iSVuZ dh igpku djus
dh {kerk dk ekiu gksrk gSA ,slh {kerk dh lokZf/d t:jr fdlkuksa] tho oSKkfudksa rFkk ouLifr ;k
fliQZ (botanists) dks vf/d gksrh gSA
9- vkè;kfRed cqf¼ (Spiritual intelligence)& bl rjg dh cqf¼ ls rkRi;Z ,slh {kerk ls gksrk gS ftlesa
O;fÙkQ vius fodkl esa dkWfLed rFkk vkè;kfRed leL;kvksa rFkk muds lek/ku ds ckjs esa lksprk gS rFkk
fdlh fuf'pr fu"d"kZ ij igq¡prk gSA ,slh cqf¼ lk/q&lUrksa] iQdhjksa] dFkkokpdksa vkfn esa vf/d gksrh gSA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 17
 xkMZu dk er gS fd çR;sd lkekU; O;fÙkQ esa mi;ZqÙkQ rjg dh cqf¼ gksrh gS ijUrq dqN fo'ks"k dkj.kksa
tSls vkuqoaf'kdrk (heredity) ;k çf'k{k.k ds dkj.k fdlh O;fÙkQ esa dksbZ cqf¼ vf/d fodflr gks tkrh gSA
;s lHkh ukS&nl rjg dh cqf¼ ,d nwljs ds lkFk vUr%fØ;k (interaction) djrh gSa fiQj Hkh çR;sd cqf¼ ,d
v¼Z Lok;Ùk ra=k (semi-autonomous system) ds :i esa dk;Z djrh gSA efLrd esa çR;sd cqf¼ ,d lEiqfVr
ekikad (encapsulated module) ds leku gksrh gS tks vius vius fu;eksa ,oa dk;Z fof/;ksa }kjk lapkfyr gksrh
gSaA dqN •kl rjg dh efLr"dh; {kfr gksus ij ,d rjg dh cqf¼ {kfrxzLr gks ldrh gS ijarq mldk çHkko
nwljh rjg dh cqf¼ ij ugha iM+sxkA
7- 'khyxq.k fl¼kar dh fo'ks"krk,a crkb;s\
What are the characteristics of the principle of virtue?
mÙkj (i) O;fÙkQRo 'khyxq.k fliQZ lS¼kfUrd laçR;; (Theoretical Construct) ugha gksrs gSa cfYd os okLrfod
(Real) gksrs gSa vkSj O;fÙkQ ds Hkhrj ik;s tkrs gSaA
(ii) 'khyxq.k ls O;fÙkQ dk O;ogkj funZsf'kr gksrk gS rFkk mlds dkj.k O;fÙkQ ,d •kl rjg dk O;ogkj dj
ldus esa liQy gksrk gSA
(iii) 'khyxq.k dks vkuqHkkfod :i ls (Empirically) fn•yk;k tk ldrk gSA ;g ckr vo'; gS fd 'khyxq.k
dks ns•k rks ugha tk ldrk gS ijUrq mlds vfLrRo dh tk¡p dh tk ldrh gSA ,slk djus ds fy, O;fÙkQ
ds O;ogkjksa dk çs{k.k ,d •kl le; rd fd;k tkrk gSA

S
(iv) 'khyxq.k dh ,d fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd os ,d&nwljs ls iw.kZr% vyx ugha gksrs gSa cfYd os dqN gn rd
ijLijO;kih (Overlap) gksrs gSaA tSls] vkØkedrk (Aggression) rFkk fo}sf"krk (Hostility) nks vyx&vyx

(v)
IA
'khyxq.k gSa ijUrq os lHkh ,d&nwljs ls dkiQh lEcfU/r ,oa ijLijO;kih gSaA
'khyxq.k ifjfLFkfr ds lkFk ifjofrZr (Vary) gksrs gSaA os ,d ifjfLFkfr esa mRiUu gksrs gSa rks nwljh ifjfLFkfr
esa ughaA
LI
Unit – III (Section – C)
JA

(;wfuV– III) (lsD'ku– C)

Part – A (Hkkx & v)
N

1. mi;ksfxrk isVs.V D;k gS\

What is a utility patent?
TA

mÙkj ubZ vkSj mi;ksxh izfØ;k] midj.k] e'khu] fofufeZr leku] jklk;fud inkFkZ ;k lw=k dk vkfo"dkj ds fy,
vkosnu nkf[ky djus dh rkjh[k ls 20 o"kZ dh vof/ gsrq isVs.V fn;k tkrk gSA
2. jk"Vªh; cky vf/dkj laj{k.k vk;ksx ds dk;Z crkb,A
PA

State the functions of the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights.
mÙkj bl vf/fu;e esa vk;ksx ds dk;Z bl çdkj gSa%
1. vk;ksx lHkh ;k fuEu esa ls dksbZ dk;Z djsxk%
2. çnku fd, vFkok fdlh dkuwu ds rgr ,d •kl le; esa cky vf/dkjksa dh lqj{kk dh tkap rFkk
leh{kk djuk rFkk muds çHkkoh fØ;kao;u ds fy, mik; dh vuq'kalk djukA
3. dsaæ ljdkj dks okf"kZd :i ls ;k tSlk fd vk;ksx dks lgh yxrk gS] mu lqj{kk ds çko/kuksa ds dk;Z
ij fjiksVZ çLrqr djukA
4. cky vf/dkjksa ds mYya?ku dh tkap djuk rFkk ,sls ekeyksa esa dk;Zokgh dh 'kq#vkr dh vuq'kalk djukA
5. vkradokn] lkaçnkf;d fgalk] naxs] çkÑfrd vkinkvksa] ?kjsyw fgalk] ,pvkboh@,M~l] nsg O;kikj] nqO;Zogkj]
mRihM+u rFkk 'kks"k.k] ikWukZsxzkiQh rFkk oS';ko`fÙk }kjk çHkkfor cPpksa ds mu dkjdksa dh tkap djuk tks
muds vf/dkj dk oapu djrs gksa o mi;qÙkQ mipkjkRed mik;ksa dh vuq'kalk djukA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 18
 6. fo'ks"k ns•Hkky rFkk lqj{kk dh vko';drk] okys cPpksa ls tqM+s ekeys dks ns•uk] ftlesa foifÙk] gkf'k,
ij fLFkr cPps] oafpr cPps] xSj&dkuwuh dke djus okys cPps] fd'kksj] fcuk ifjokj ds cPps o dSfn;ksa
ds cPps 'kkfey gksrs gSa] lkFk gh muds fy, mfpr mipkjkRed dneksa dh vuq'kalk djukA
3. nkf;Ro ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\
What do you understand by liability?
mÙkj fof/'kkL=k ds vUrxZr nkf;Ro ,d ,slh ladYiuk (concept) gS ftlds fo"k; ds fof/osÙkvksa ds fopkj
fHkUu&fHkUu jgs gSaA O;kid vFkZ esa nkf;Ro ls vk'k; ^U;k; ca/u* ls gSaA euq"; dk nkf;Ro ml le; mRiUu
gksrk gS tc og fdlh O;fDr ds izfr vius fof/d dÙkZO; dk mYya[ku djrk gSA ;g loZfofnr gS fd
vidkj&drkZ (wrongdoer) vius vid`R; (wrong) ds fy, nk;h gksrk gSA blfy, lke.M ds dgk gS fd
^^nkf;Ro vko';drk dk ,slk ca/u gS] tks vidkjdrkZ vkSj mlds }kjk fd;s x;s vidkj ds midkj ds chp
fo|eku gSaA** nkf;Ro dk mn~Hko jkT; dh izHkqrk&'kfDr ls gksrk gSA
4. fof/ ds uSfrd Ïksr crkb;sA
State the ethical sources of law.
mÙkj fof/ dk lcls iqjkuk vkSj lokZf/d egRoiw.kZ lzksr jhfr&fjokt gSA jhfr&fjokt mu fl¼karksa dh vfHkO;fDr djrs
gSa] tks mu mi;ksfxrk ,oa U;k; ds fl¼karksa ds :i esa LokHkkfod var%dj.k ls Lor% fufeZr gq, gSaA ;s leku
d`R; ds ckj&ckj nksgjkus ls tue ysrs gSa] blfy;s ;s ,d leqnk; ds Hkhrj izFkkxr vkpj.k dks n'kkZrs gSA
5. HkkSxksfyd lwpdkad O;oLFkk D;k gSa\

S
What is Geographical Index System?

IA
mÙkj 1. ;g og ladsrd gksrk gS tks fdlh oLrq ;k mRikn dh mlds ewy HkkSxksfyd {ks=k ds laca/ dks iznf'kZr
djrk gSA
2. bu mRiknksa ds fof'k"V fo'ks"krk,a vkSj izfr"Bk Hkh blh ewy {ks=k ds dkj.k gksrh gSA
LI
Part – B (Hkkx & c)
JA

6. dk;Z LFky ij efgyk mRihM+u (;kSu mRihM+u) jksdus gsrq fd;s x;s fofHkUu dkuwuh iz;klksa ij izdk'k
MkysaA
Throw light on the various legal efforts made to prevent sexual harassment of women at work
place.
N

mÙkj jksdFkke ds mik; %& futh ,oa lkoZtfud {ks=k ds lHkh fu;ksÙkQk ,oa dk;Z ds fy;s ftEesnkj yksxksa dks ;kSu
TA

mRihM+u jksdus ds fy;s mi;qÙkQ dne mBkus pkfg;saA vius bl mÙkjnkf;Ro ds çfr fcuk fdlh çdkj ds iwokZxzg
j•s mUgsa fuEufyf•r dne mBkus pkfg;s&
A. dk;Z LFkyksa ij ;kSu mRihM+u jksdus ls lacaf/r Li"V fu"ks/ (Prohibitions) vf/lwfpr] çdkf'kr rFkk
mi;qÙkQ rjhds ls çpkfjr djus pkfg;sa&
PA

B. ljdkj ,oa lkoZtfud {ks=k ds fudk;ksa ds O;ogkj ,oa vuq'kklu ls lacaf/r fu;eksa@fofu;eksa esa ;kSu
mRihM+u jksdus laca/h fu;eksa@ fofu;eksa dks 'kkfey djuk pkfg;s rFkk bu fu;eksa dk mYya?ku djus okyksa
ds fy;s mi;qÙkQ naM dk çko/ku djuk pkfg;sA
C. futh fu;ksÙkQkvksa ds lanHkZ esa ,sls dne mBk, tkus pkfg;sa ftuls fd mijksÙkQ fu"ks/ksa dks vkS|ksfxd jkstxkj
(LFkk;h vkns'k) vf/fu;e] 1946 ds LFkk;h vkns'kksa esa 'kkfey fd;k tk,A
D. dk;Z] vkjke] LokLF; ,oa LoPNrk ds lanHkZ esa mi;qÙkQ dk;Z n'kk,¡ miyC/ djkbZ tkuh pkfg;sa rFkk vkxs
;g Hkh lqfuf'pr fd;k tkuk pkfg;s fd dk;ZLFky ij efgykvksa ds fy;s dk;Z dk çfrdwy okrkoj.k
u gks rFkk dksbZ Hkh efgyk deZpkjh rkfdZd :i ls ;g lkspus ij etcwj u gks fd og vius jkstxkj
ds lanHkZ esa lqfo/kghu (Disadvantaged) fLFkfr esa gSA
vkijkf/d dkuwu (la'kks/u) vf/fu;e] 2013 (The Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013)
� bl la'kks/u }kjk fuEufyf•r fo/kuksa esa Hkh la'kks/u fd;s x,&
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 19
 � Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk (vkbZihlh)
� vkijkf/d çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973
� Hkkjrh; lk{; vf/fu;e] 1872
� ySafxd 'kks"k.k ls cPpksa dk laj{k.k vf/fu;e] 2012
efgykvksa ds çfr vijk/ksa esa dM+h ltk nsus ds mís'; ls vkijkf/d dkuwu (la'kks/u) vf/fu;e] 2013
Hkh ykxw fd;k x;k gSA blds }kjk Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk] Hkkjrh; lk{; lafgrk vkfn dkuwuksa esa la'kks/u fd;s x,
gSaA bl dkuwu dh fuEufyf•r fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa
(i) cykRdkj ds vijk/ esa 20 lky rd ds dM+s dkjkokl dh ltkA
(ii) vkthou dkjkokl dk vFkZ çkÑfrd thou dky gSA
(iii) iwoZ esa ,sls vijk/ksa ds fy;s nks"kfl¼ O;fÙkQ }kjk iqu% vijk/ djus ij ekSr dh ltk dk çko/kuA
(iv) ihfM+rk dh ekSr gksus ij ltk dks c<+kdj e`R;qnaM fn;k tk ldrk gSA
(v) rstkc geyk djus okyksa dks 10 lky dh ltkA
(vi) lgefr ls ;kSu laca/ dh U;wure mez 18 lkyA
(vii) lHkh vLirky çkFkfed fpfdRldh; lgk;rk o fu%'kqYd mipkj miyC/ djk,axsA
7. jktLFkku Hkw&jktLo vf/fu;e 1956 esa of.kZr vihy izkf/dkjh dh 'kfDr;ka crkb,A
State the powers of the Appellate Authority mentioned in the Rajasthan Land Revenue Act

S
1956.
mÙkj jktLFkku Hkw&jktLo vf/fu;e] 1956 ds vè;k; 5 dh /kjk 74 ls 87 rd esa vihy] iqujh{k.k] funsZ'ku ,oa
iqujkoyksdu ds ckjs esa izko/ku fd;k x;k gSA
IA
vihy & jktLFkku Hkw&jktLo vf/fu;e] 1956 dh /kjk 74 ls 81 rd esa vihy ds ckjs eas izko/ku
fd;k x;k gSA vf/fu;e dh /kjk 74 eas ;g dgk x;k gS fd jktLo U;k;ky; ;k vf/dkjh ds vkns'kksa ds
LI
fo#¼ vihy bl vf/fu;e ds v/hu gh gks ldsxh] vU; fdlh fof/ ds v/hu ughaA
izFke vihy & jktLFkku Hkw&jktLo vf/fu;e] 1956 dh /kjk 75 ds vuqlkj lkj.kh ds LrEHk 1 esa
fofufnZ"V fdlh vkns'k ds fo#¼ vihy lkj.kh ds LrEHk 2 esa fofufnZ"V vf/dkjh dks gks ldsxh& vk;qDr esa
JA

vij vk;qDr Hkh lfEefyr gSA mlds vkns'k ds fo#¼ vihy Hkh jktLo cksMZ dks gh ldsxhA
f}rh; vihy & jktLFkku Hkw&jktLo vf/fu;e] 1956 dh /kjk 76 esa f}rh; vihy ds ckjs esa izkoèkku
fd;k x;k gSA blds vuqlkj izFke vihy esa ikfjr fdlh vkns'k ds fo#¼ f}rh; vihy fuEufyf[kr dks gks ldsxh&
N

1- cUnkscLr ;k Hkw&vfHkys[k ls fHkUu ekeyksa esa ekeyksa esa dysDVj ds vkns'k ls jktLo vihy izkf/
dkjh dks]
TA

2- /kjk 181 ds v/hu dk;Z dj jgs fdlh dysDVj vFkok cUnkscLr vf/dkjh ds vkns'k ls cUnkscLr
vk;qDr dks]
3- Hkw&vfHkys[k vf/dkjh ds vkns'k ls Hkw&vfHkys[k funs'kd dks] rFkk
PA

4- vk;qDr ;k jktLo vihy izkf/dkjh ;k cUnkscLr vk;qDr ds vkns'k ls jktLo cksMZ dksA
cksMZ dks dksbZ nwljh vihy rd rd ugha gks ldsxh tc rd fd cksMZ dks bl ckr dk lek/ku u gks
tk, fd fof/ dk dksbZ iz'u vUrfufgr gS&
os vkns'k ftuds fo#¼ vihy ugha gks ldrh&
jktLFkku Hkw&jktLo vf/fu;e] 1956 dh /kjk 77 esa mu vkns'kksa dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS ftuds fo#¼
vihy ugha gks ldrhA ,sls vkns'k fuEukafdr gS&
1- ifjlhek vf/fu;e] 1963 dh /kjk 5 esa fofufnZ"V vk/kjksa ij iqufoZyksdu ds fy, fdlh vihy
;k vkosnu dks xzg.k djus ds vkns'k dh]
2- iqujh{k.k ;k iqufoZyksdu ds ds fy, fdlh vkosnu dks ukeatwj djus ds vkns'k dh]
3- ,sls vksn'k dh tks bl vf/fu;e }kjk vfHkO;fDr :i ls vfUre ?kksf"kr dj fn;k x;k gS] rFkk
4- vUrfje vkns'k dhA
Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 20
 lhek,a & jktLFkku Hkw&jktLo vf/fu;e] 1956 dh /kjk 78 esa vihy ds fyu, fuEukafdr ifjlhek
fu/kZfjr dh xbZ gS&
/kjk 78 ds vuqlkj&
1- vkns'k dh rkjh[k ls 30 fnu ds Hkhrj dysDVj ;k Hkw&vfHkys[k vf/dkjh ;k cUnkscLr vf/dkjh
dks]
2- vkns'k dh rkjh[k ls 60 fnu ds Hkhrj jktLo vihy izkf/dkjh ;k cUnkscLr vk;qDr ;k Hkw&vfHkys[k
funs'kd dks] rFkk
3- vkns'k dh rkjh[k ls 90 fnu ds Hkhrj jktLo cksMZ dks] vihy dh tk ldsxh] mlds i'pkr~ ughaA
vihy dh tk ldsxh] mlds i'pkr~ ugha
/kjk 63 ds vuqlkj] vkykSP; vkns'k dh rkjh[k ls vihy dh tk ldsxh&
1- dysDVj dks] 30 fnu ds Hkhrj
2- vk;qDr vFkok jktLo izkf/dkjh dks] 60 fnu ds Hkhrj
3- jktLo cksMZ dks] 90 fnu ds Hkhrj

S
IA
LI
JA
N
TA
PA

Patanjali Bhawan : 31, Satya Vihar, Lal Kothi, Near Jain ENT Hospital, New Vidhan Sabha, Jaipur
PATANJALI IAS Ph. No. : 95714-56789, 72406-72406 21