1.

OVERVIEW

SAP ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is a commercial software that integrates all the information in a
single software, considering various factors such as time and cost. Organizations can easily meet their
business demands with the help of SAP.

SAP Business Process

SAP MM is the short form for SAP Material Management system. The roles of SAP MM in a business
process are as follows −

 A business process in SAP is termed as a “module”.

 SAP MM is a part of logistics functions and it helps in managing the procurement activities of an
organization.
 It supports all aspects of material management (planning, control, etc.).
 It is the backbone of logistics that incorporates modules such as Sales and Distribution, Production
Planning, Plant Maintenance, Project Systems, and Warehouse Management.

Features of SAP MM
The features of a SAP MM system are as follows −

 SAP MM is one of the modules of SAP that deals with material management and inventory
management.
 Material Management as a process ensures no shortage of materials or any gaps in the supply
chain process of the organization. SAP MM speeds up the procurement and material management
activities, making the business run smoothly with complete time and cost efficiency.
 It deals with managing the materials (products and/or services) and resources of an organization
with the aim of accelerating productivity and reducing costs. At the same time, SAP MM is quite
versatile to accommodate changes that are frequent in any business environment.
 It deals with the Procurement Process, Master Data (Material & Vendor Master), Account
Determination & Valuation of Material, Inventory Management, Invoice Verification, Material
Requirement Planning, etc.

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 2. Screen navigation

The first step to understand SAP is to have a basic knowledge of its various screens. The following sections
describe how to navigate through the screens available in SAP and how to use the functionalities of the
standard toolbar.

Login Screen
Log on to the SAP ERP server. The SAP login screen will prompt you for the User ID and the Password.
Provide a valid user ID and password and press enter. The user id and password are provided by the system
administrator. The login screen appears as follows −

Standard Toolbar Icon

The following screenshot shows the toolbars available on the SAP screen. −

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Given below is a brief description of the available toolbars −

 Menu Bar − Menu bar is the topline of the dialog window in the SAP system.
 Standard Toolbar − This toolbar includes standard functions such as save, top of page, end of
page, page up, page down, print, etc.
 Title Bar − Title bar displays the name of the application/business process you are currently in.
 Application Toolbar − Application-specific menu options are available on this toolbar.
 Command Field − To start a business application without navigating through menu transactions,
some logical codes are assigned to the business processes. Transaction codes are entered in the
command field to start an application directly.

Standard Exit Keys

Exit keys are used to exit the module or to log off. They are used to go back to the last accessed screen.
The following screenshot highlights the standard exit keys used in SAP −

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New Session Icon
For creating a new session, we use the following keys shown in the screenshot below −

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Log Off
It is a good practice to log off from the SAP system when you finish your work. There are several ways to
log off from the system, but it can be done using the following instructions as shown in the screenshot
below −

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 3. PROCUREMENT PROCESS

Every organization acquires material or services to complete its business needs. The process of buying
materials and obtaining services from vendors or dealers is called procurement. Procurement should be
done in such a way that materials are ordered in correct quantity, with a proper value at the proper time.
It is subdivided into following parts −

 Basic Procurement
 Special Procurement

Basic Procurement
Basic procurement is a process of acquiring goods or services in the right quantity, at the right price, and
at the right time. However it is critical to maintain a right balance between quantity, price, and time.
Consider the following example:

 Organizations try and keep inventory levels at a minimum, due to the prices associated with high
levels of inventory; at the same time, it can be detrimental to stop production due to shortage of
raw materials.
 Getting the minimum price for a product or service is often necessary, however it is equally
important to maintain a balance between the product availability, quality, and vendor (seller)
relations.

Procurement Lifecycle
Procurement in most modern organizations follow some sequential steps which are described below −

Requirement and Information Gathering

Procurement process starts with gathering information about a product and its quantity. Then for the
required products and services, it is necessary to look for suppliers who can satisfy the requirements.

Supplier Contact
After gathering the requirements, one looks for the suppliers who can fulfill those requirements. Based
on that, quotation requests or information requests are sent to the suppliers or they are contacted
directly.

Background Review
Once the supplier is known, the product/service quality is checked, and any necessities for services such
as installation, warranty, and maintenance parameters are investigated. Some samples of the products
can be obtained for quality examination.

Negotiation
Some negotiations with suppliers is made regarding the price, availability, and delivery schedule of the
products/services. Thereafter, a contract is signed that is a binding legal document between the supplier
and the ordering party. A contract will include all necessary information such as price and quantity of
material, delivery date, etc.

Order Fulfillment
Ordered material is shipped, delivered to the ordering party, and the supplier is paid accordingly. Training
and installation of product or services may also be included.

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Consumption, Maintenance and Disposal
As the products/services are consumed, the performance of the products or services is evaluated and any
follow-up service support, if required, is analyzed.

Contract Renewal
Once the products or services are consumed or the contract expires and needs to be renewed, or the
product or service is to be re-ordered, the experience with the vendors and service providers is reviewed.
If the products or services are to be re-ordered, the company decides whether to order from the previous
supplier or think about new suppliers.

Basic Procurement Activities

The following figure illustrates the flow of basic procurement activities −

A brief introduction of the procurement activities is given below −

Sr.No. Procurement Activities & Description

1 Determination of requirement
It is the logical subdivision where it is determined
what material or services are required, and which
supplier can fulfill the requirements.
2 Creating Purchase Requisition
It is the phase in which the purchasing department
is informed about the requirement of items or
services. A requisition is an internal document.
3 Creating Purchase Order

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 It is the phase when an order is created from
requisition and it is approved and assigned to a
supplier.
4 Goods receipt/ Invoice Received
It is the phase in which the material is received by
the company and its condition and quality are
being inspected. In this phase, an invoice is
received from the vendor (seller).
5 Invoice verification/ Vendor Payment
It is the phase in which the vendor (seller) is paid
from the company and reconciliation of the
invoice and PO is accomplished.
Type of Basic Procurement
There are two types of basic procurement −

 Procurement for Stock vs Consumption

 External vs Internal Procurement

Procurement for Stock vs Consumption

The following points show the difference of Procurement for Stock vs. Consumption −

 Procurement for Stock − A stock material is a material that is kept in stock. These materials are
kept in stock once received from the vendor. The stock of this material keeps on increasing or
decreasing based on the amount of quantity received or issued. To order a material for stock, the
material must have a master record within the system.
 Procurement for Direct Consumption − When the procurement is for direct consumption, i.e., it
will be consumed as soon as it is received, the user should specify the consumption purpose. To
order a material for consumption, the material may have a master record within the system.

External vs Internal Procurement

The following points show the difference of External vs Internal Procurement −

 External procurement − It is the process of procuring goods or services from external vendors.
There are three basic forms of external procurement generally supported by the purchasing
component of the IT system.
o One-time orders are generally used for material and services that are ordered irregularly.
o Longer-term contracts with the subsequent issue of release orders − For materials that
are being ordered regularly and in large quantities, we can negotiate deal with the vendor
(seller) for pricing or conditions & record then in a contract. In a contract you also specify
the validity date.
o Longer-term scheduling agreements and delivery schedules − If a material is ordered on
an everyday basis and is to be delivered according to an exact time schedule, then you set
up a scheduling agreement.
 Internal Procurement − Large corporate organizations may own multiple separate businesses or
companies. Internal Procurement is process of getting material and services from among identical
company. So, each of these companies maintains a complete bookkeeping system with separate
Balance, Profit & Loss Statements so that when trade occurs between them it will be recorded.
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Special Procurement
Special stocks are the stocks that are managed differently, as these stocks do not belong to the company.
Special stocks are kept at some particular location. Special procurement and special stock types are
divided into the following categories −

Consignment Stocks
Consignment stocks are those material that is available at our store premises, however it still belongs to
the vendor (seller) of the material. If you utilize the material from consignment stocks, then you have to
pay to the vendor.

Third-party Processing
In third-party processing, a company passes on a sales order to the associate external vendor (seller) who
sends the goods directly to the customer. The sales order is not processed by the company, but by the
vendor (seller). Third-party items can be entered in purchase requisitions, purchase orders, and sales
orders.

Pipeline Handling
In pipeline handling, the company need not order or store the material involved. It is obtainable as and
when required via a pipeline (for example, oil or water), or another style of cable (such as electricity). The
material that is consumed is settled with the vendor (seller) on a regular basis.

Returnable Transport Stock

The company orders goods from a vendor (seller). The goods are delivered with returnable transport
packaging (pallets, containers) that belongs to the vendor (seller) and is stored at the customer premises
until they return it to the company.

Subcontracting
The vendor (the subcontractor) receives components from the ordering party with the help of which it
produces a product. The product is ordered by your company through a purchase order. The components
required by the vendor (seller) to manufacture the ordered product are listed in the purchase order and
provided to the subcontractor.

Stock Transfer Using Stock Transport Order

Goods are procured and supplied within a company. One plant orders the goods internally from another
plant (receiving plant/issuing plant). The goods are procured with a special type of purchase order – the
stock transport order. You'll be able to request and monitor the transfer of goods with a stock transport
order.

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 4. Organization structure

Organization structure is the framework of a company according to which business is conducted in every
company. Organization structure consists of many levels having direct or indirect relationship with one
another. Organization structure is also referred as enterprise structure. Enterprise structure is made up
of many organizational units having relationship with one another.

SAP Implementation Guide

When a client purchases SAP, it comes in a CD in the form of a software. When SAP is first installed, it has
its standard setup that needs to be configured according to the needs of the client, i.e., organization.

Configuration of SAP is done with the help of an implementation guide, known as IMG. It is used to add
fields, to change field names, to modify dropdown lists, etc. to adjust according to the functionality of an
organization. IMG is where we define the enterprise structure and other settings that are required for the
functioning of SAP according to the requirements of an organization.

SAP IMG Path

To perform any type of configuration according to the requirements of an organization, the first step is to
reach the implementation guide (IMG) screen. We can reach the implementation guide in two ways −

 Menu path
 Transactional code

Menu Path
We can navigate through the following path to reach out to IMG −

SAP Easy Access ⇒Tools ⇒Customizing ⇒IMG ⇒Execute Project

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Transactional Code
The best and simple way to reach out any SAP screen is the TCode, i.e., transactional code. Transactional
code is used to reach out to IMG: SPRO (SAP Project Reference Object). Enter the transaction code in the
command field and then click on enter.

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SAP IMG
IMG screen can be reached out just by following the steps given below −

After SPRO, on the next screen, click on SAP Reference IMG.

The next screen will appear as follows. This is the final screen from where we can do configurations.

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Menu path for MM Configuration
The main menu paths for MM area are as follows −

 SAP Customizing Implementation Guide (IMG) ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Definition

 SAP Customizing Implementation Guide (IMG) ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Assignment
 SAP Customizing Implementation Guide (IMG) ⇒General ⇒Material Master
 SAP Customizing Implementation Guide (IMG) ⇒Materials Management

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 5. INTERPRISE STRUCTURE

Every organization has some framework or structure according to which the whole business runs. An
enterprise structure is the structure that represents an enterprise in the SAP ERP system. It is subdivided
into various organizational units which, for legal reasons or business-related reasons, are grouped
together.

An enterprise structure defines various levels in an organization. These levels are placed according to
some hierarchy. Each level has some specific functionality associated with it, which in a combined way
describes the working of an organization. In addition, an enterprise structure defines various
organizational units that are present in an enterprise. The organizational structure in MM consists of the
following organizational levels −

 Client
 Company Code
 Plant
 Storage Location
 Purchasing Organization
 Purchasing Group

The following diagram depicts one such organizational structure that describes the levels incorporated in
an organization. It puts the client at the topmost, followed by multiple company code, followed by
multiple plants, plants having multiple storage location with their own or centralized purchasing
organizations.

In the following sections, we will look into each of the units that constitute an enterprise structure.

Client
A client has the following attributes −
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  Client is a commercial organizational unit in R/3 system.
 It has its own set of master data with independent table sets.
 According to hierarchy, a client occupies the highest level in a SAP system.
 Data that is maintained at the client level is valid for all organizational levels.

Company Code
A company code has the following attributes −

 Within client, a company code is an independent accounting unit.

 It is a legal entity that has its own profit, loss and balance statement.
 It is the smallest unit in an organization for which a complete independent account set can be
replicated.

Plant
The basic points to be noted about a plant are as follows −

 Plant is an organizational unit within a company where activities take place. A plant will produce
goods and make goods available for the company.
 It is a unit having manufacturing facility, warehouse distribution center, or a regional sales office
within logistic. It subdivides an enterprise in different aspects.

Storage Location
A storage location has the following attributes −

 Storage location is an organizational unit, which actually differentiates between different material
stocks in a plant.
 Storage location is a place where stock is kept physically.
 A plant can consist of multiple storage locations. All data is stored at storage location level for a
particular storage location.

Purchasing Organization
The points to be noted about a Purchasing Organization are as follows −

 A purchasing organization is an organizational unit under a company or a plant that is responsible

for the procurement activities according to requirements. It is responsible for external
procurement.
 A purchasing organization can be at the client level, which is known as a centralized purchasing
organization.
 A purchasing organization can also be at the company or plant level, which is known as company-
specific or plant-specific purchasing organization.

Different forms of purchasing can be described as follows −

Centralized Purchasing
Purchasing organization is not assigned to any company code. It procures for all company codes belonging
to different client.

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Company Specific Purchasing
Purchasing organization is assigned to a company code only. The plant belonging to the company code
can purchase through this purchasing organization.

Plant Specific Purchasing

Purchasing organization is assigned to a plant. Only this specific plant can purchase through this
purchasing organization.

Purchasing Group
The attributes of a purchasing group are as follows −

 Purchasing group is an organizational unit responsible for the everyday procurement activities
within an organization.
 It is a buyer or a group of buyers responsible for the procurement activities in a purchasing
organization.

6. DEFINE ORG STRUCTURE

An organization structure can be defined as the framework of a company that describes the entire
structure and functioning of the company. Organization structures are split into different levels and each
level is placed according to a hierarchy. These levels have direct or indirect relationship with one another.
The various levels in a standard organization are as follows −

 Company
 Company code
 Plant
 Storage location
 Purchasing organization
 Purchasing group

All the Definitions in SAP are given through the Display IMG screen as shown below −

Path to reach Definition

IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Definition

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Create Company
Company is the topmost organizational unit after client, which incorporates individual financial
accounting statements of several company codes. A company can have many company codes. In SAP, it is
optional to create a company. The following steps will take you through the procedure of creating
company.

Path to Create Company

IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Definition ⇒Financial Accounting ⇒Define Company

TCode: OX15

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Company execute icon by following the above path.

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Step 2 − Click the New Entries icon.

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Step 3 − Fill in all the necessary details such as name of the company, address of the company with street
number, city, country, and postal code.

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Step 4 − Click the Save icon after filling the required information. A new company will be created.

Create Company Code

A Company Code is the smallest organizational unit after company, for which the standalone financial
accounting's profit and loss statements can be withdrawn. Many company codes can be assigned to one
company. The following steps depict how to create a company code.

Path to create Company Code

IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Definition ⇒Financial Accounting ⇒Edit, Copy, Delete, Check Company Code

TCode: OX02

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Edit, Copy, Delete, Check Company Code execute icon, by
following the above path.

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Step 2 − Click the New Entries button.

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Step 3 − Fill in all the necessary details like Company code, company name along with city, country,
currency, language.

Step 4 − Click the Save icon after filling the required information. A new company code will be created.
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Create Plant
A Plant is an organizational unit within a company where activities take place. A plant will produce goods
and make goods available for the company. The following steps will take you through the procedure of
creating a plant −

Path to create Plant

IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Definition ⇒Logistic General ⇒Define, Copy, Delete check plant

TCode: OX10

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define, Copy, Delete check plant execute icon, by following the
above path.

Select Define Plant icon to create a new plant.

Step 2 − Click the New Entries icon.

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Step 3 − Fill in all necessary details like plant name along with detailed information like Language, House
no., city, country, region, postal code.

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Step 4 − Click the Save icon after filling the required information. A new plant will be created.

Create Storage Location

A Storage Location is an organizational unit, which actually differentiates between the different material
stocks in a Plant. Storage location is a place where stock is kept physically. A plant can consist of multiple
storage locations. All data is stored at a storage location level for a particular storage location. Follow the
steps given below to create a Storage Location −

Path to Create Storage Location

IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Definition ⇒Materials Management ⇒Maintain Storage Location

TCode: OX09

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Maintain Storage Location execute icon, by following the above
path.

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Step 2 − Enter the name of the plant for which you want to create the storage location.

Step 3 − Click the New Entries icon.

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Step 4 − Enter the name of the storage location along with its description. Click the Save icon after filling
the required information. A new Storage Location will be created.

Create Purchasing Organization

A Purchasing Organization is an organizational unit under Company or Plant that is responsible for
procurement activities according to requirements. It is responsible for external procurement. A
purchasing organization can be specific to a plant or a company. Following the steps given below to create
a Purchasing Organization −

Path to Create Purchasing Organization

IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Definition ⇒Materials Management ⇒Maintain Purchasing Organization

TCode: OX08

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Maintain Purchasing Organization execute icon, by following
the above path.

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Step 2 − Click the New Entries icon.

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Step 3 − Enter the name of the purchasing organization along with its description.

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Step 4 − Click the Save icon after filling the required information. A new Purchasing Organization will be
created.

Create Purchasing Group

A Purchasing Group is an organizational unit that is responsible for the everyday procurement activities
within an organization. The steps given below depict how to create a Purchasing Group −

Path to Create Purchasing Group

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Create Purchasing Group

TCode: OME4

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Maintain Purchasing Group execute icon, by following the
above path.

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Step 2 − Click the New Entries icon.

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Step 3 − Enter the name of the purchasing group along with its description.

Step 4 − Click the Save icon after filling the required information. A new Purchasing Group will be created.

7. ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT

All the organizational units combined together form the framework of a company. These organizational
units can be considered as different levels that describe the structure of an enterprise. Every level has a
particular functionality associated with it. Also, every level in one or the other way is related to each other.
These levels are placed according to some hierarchy, Company being at the top.

To establish a relationship between these levels, we have to assign them to one or other in such a way
that they still lie in the same hierarchy. For example: As Company is at the top level and plant is below it,
it is necessary that the plant has some relation with the company. As the plant is a sub-part or a smaller
division of the company, it will be assigned to the company. A standard SAP has the following four basic
and essential assignments −

 Plant to company code

 Purchasing organization to company code

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  Purchasing organization to plant
 Standard purchasing organization to plant

All the assignments in SAP are done through the Display IMG screen, as shown in the following screenshot.

Path to Reach Assignment − IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Assignment

Plant to Company Code

Plant is one level below the company code. So, we need to assign a plant to a company code. Follow the
steps given below to assign a plant to a company code −

Path to assign plant to company code

IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Assignment ⇒Assign Plant to Company Code

TCode: OX18

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Assign plant to company code execute icon, by following the
above path.

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Step 2 − Click the New Entries icon.

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Step 3 − Enter the name of the plant and company code. Click the Save button. Plant is now assigned to
company code.

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Purchasing Organization to Company Code
A purchasing organization can be set at company code level; it is called a centralized purchasing
organization. So we need to assign this purchasing organization to the company code. The following steps
take you through the procedure of assigning a purchasing organization to a company code −

Path to assign purchasing organization to company code

IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Assignment ⇒Materials Management ⇒Assign Purchasing Organization to
Company Code

TCode: OX01

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Assign Purchasing Organization to Company Code execute icon,
by following the above path.

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Step 2 − We can view an existing assignment and can change it accordingly. Click the Save button after
making changes. Purchasing organization is now assigned to the company code.

Purchasing Organization to Plant

A purchasing organization can be plant specific, i.e., it can be set at the plant level. In such cases, we need
to assign the purchasing organization to a plant. Follow the steps given below to assign a purchasing
organization to a plant −

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Path to assign purchasing organization to plant
IMG ⇒Enterprise Structure ⇒Assignment ⇒Materials Management ⇒Assign Purchasing organization to
Plant

TCode: OX17

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Assign Purchasing Organization to Plant, by following the above
path.

Step 2 − Click the New Entries button.

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Step 3 − Enter the name of the plant and the purchasing organization. Click the Save button. Purchasing
organization is now assigned to plant.

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Standard Purchasing Organization to Plant
Standard purchasing organization is the default purchasing organization. We can sometimes assign the
standard purchasing organization to some specific plant if we want to have the default purchasing
organization for that plant. Follow the steps given below to assign the standard purchasing organization
to a plant −

Path to assign standard purchasing organization to plant

IMG ⇒ Enterprise Structure ⇒ Assignment ⇒ Materials Management ⇒ Assign Standard Purchasing
Organization to Plant

TCode: SPRO

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Assign Standard Purchasing Organization to Plant, by following
the above path.

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Step 2 − We can view the existing assignment and can change it accordingly. Click the Save button after
making changes. Standard purchasing organization is now assigned to plant.

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 8. MASTER DATA

SAP R/3 works on real-time data, i.e., there is no time lag between data entry and data availability. The
important thing while creating any data is to maintain data integrity. SAP R/3 data is categorized into two
−

 Master data − Data that is created centrally, and is valid for all applications. It remains constant
over time but we need to update it on a regular basis. For example: Vendor is a type of master
data that is used for creating purchase orders or contracts.
 Transactional data − Data that is associated with processing of business transaction is
transactional data.

SAP Master Data is of the following two types −

 Material Master Data

 Vendor Master Data

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Material Master Data
The key points to note about material master data are as follows −

 This is the enterprise main source of material-specific data. This data will include information on
the materials that a company can procure, produce, store, or sell.
 Since there are different departments in an enterprise and each department works on some
specific material, they will enter different information regarding their material. So, each user
department has its own view of the material master record. The data screens that are used to
create material master can be divided into two categories −
o Main Data − This will include basic data (base unit of measure, weight), purchasing data
(over tolerance and under tolerance), accounting data (standard price, moving price).
o Additional Data − This will include additional information like short description about
material, currency etc.

Material master has four characteristics, which we will discuss one by one in the following sections.

Material Types
Materials with some common attributes are grouped together and they are assigned to a material type.
It differentiates the materials and allows organizations to manage different materials in a systematic
manner in accordance to a company’s requirement. For example, raw material and finished products are
some of the material types. Material type can be created by following the steps given below.

Path to create material type

IMG ⇒Logistics General ⇒Material Master ⇒Basic Settings ⇒Material Types ⇒Define Attributes of Material
Types

TCode: OMS2

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Attributes of Material Types, by following the above
path.

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Step 2 − Click the New Entries button.

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Step 3 − Fill in the required information such as name of material type and description. Click on Save. A
new material type will be created.

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Material Groups
Material group is a wider range of material type. Materials with some common attributes are taken
together and they are assigned to a material group. For example: We have some materials that are to be
packaged, so the material type can be electrical or food products, but we can group these material types
and put them in the packaged material group. Follow the steps given below to create a Material Group.

Path to Create Material Group

IMG ⇒Logistic General ⇒Material Master ⇒Settings for Key Fields ⇒Define Material Groups

TCode: OMSF

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Material Groups, by following the above path.

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Step 2 − Click the New Entries button.

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Step 3 − Enter the name of the material group along with its description. Click the Save button. A new
material group will be created.

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Number Range
When we create a material master record, every material is recognized by a unique number that is known
as the material number. We can assign a number to a material through two ways −

 External number assignment − While creating a material, you have to enter your own number
(containing alphabets or digits), and that should be unique.
 Internal number assignment − While creating a material, you need not enter any number. The
system automatically generates a unique number to that material.

Define Number Range −

Internal number range can be defined by following the steps given below −

Path to Create Number Range

IMG ⇒Logistic General ⇒Material Master ⇒Basic Settings ⇒Material Types ⇒Define Number Range for
Each material Type

TCode: MMNR

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Number Range for Each Material Type, by following the
above path.

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Step 2 − Click the Intervals button.

Step 3 − We can define a number range here and EXT (external tab, if it is checked, then an external
number can be assigned in that material). Click the Save button. Number Range is now defined for the
material.

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Assignment of Number Range
After defining, we need to assign it to a material group. Follow the steps given below to assign a number
range.

Step 1 − On the same screen, select the Groups tab.

Step 2 − For a particular material group, we can assign a number range here. Click on Save. The number
range is now assigned to the material group.

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Material Master Creation
Material master contains information on all materials that a company procures, produces, or sells. It
contains central data that is available at all the levels. Follow the steps given below to create a material
master −

Path to Create Material Master

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Material Master ⇒Material ⇒Create Material

TCode: MM01

Note − For any create transaction, we use 01, for edit 02, for display 03 as suffix.

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, click the create button by following the above path.

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Step 2 − Fill in all the required details such as material number (if external number assignment), material
type, industry sector, etc.

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Step 3 − Select the views you want to maintain for your material.

Step 4 − Enter the name of the plant and the storage location.

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Step 5 − Enter the required information in your material views such as unit of measure, currency, standard
price, moving price, etc. Click on Save. A new material will be created.

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Vendor Master Data
The key points about vendor master are as follows −

 Vendor Master Data is the enterprise main source of vendor-specific data. It includes information
on vendors from which a company can procure, or can sell.
 A vendor master record contains information such as vendor's name, address, etc.
 Data in a vendor master record is divided into three categories −
o General Data − General data is maintained at client level and it is valid for all
organizational levels.
o Accounting Data − Accounting data is maintained at company level and it is valid for all
plants belonging to that company.
o Purchasing Data − Purchasing data is maintained at purchasing organization level.

Vendor master has three characteristics, which we will discuss one by one in the following sections.

Vendor Account Group

Vendors are categorized according to their requirements. Some of the vendors having similar
characteristics are grouped together and placed in one category. For example, all local vendors can be
placed under one account group. Create a Vendor Account group by following the steps given below.

Path to create Vendor Account Group

IMG ⇒ Logistic General ⇒ Business Partner ⇒ Vendors ⇒ Control ⇒ Define Account group and field
selection(vendor)

TCode: OBD3

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Account Groups and Field Selection (Vendor), by
following the above path.

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Step 2 − Click the New Entries button.

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Step 3 − Fill in all necessary details such as name of account group, general data, and field status. Click the
Save button. A new Vendor Account Group will be created.

Number Range
When we create a vendor master record, every vendor is recognized by a unique number known as the
vendor number. As in the case of material master, we have external as well as internal number
assignments for vendor master.

Define Number Range:

Number range can be defined by following the steps given below −

Path to create Number Range

IMG ⇒Logistic General ⇒Business Partner ⇒Vendors ⇒Control ⇒Define Number Range for Vendor master
record

TCode: XDN1

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Number Range for Vendor Master Record, by following
the above path.

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Step 2 − Click the Intervals button. It will create a number range for the customer account.

Step 3 − Click the Insert button.

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Step 4 − We can define a number range here and EXT (external tab, if it is checked, then external number
assignment can be done in that vendor). Click on Save. A new Number Range will be created.

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Assignment of Number Range
After defining a number range, we need to assign it to a vendor group. Follow the steps given below to
assign the number range.

Step 1 − On the same screen as shown above, select the Number Range tab.

Step 2 − For a particular vendor group, assign a number range here. Click on Save. Number range is now
assigned to the vendor group.

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Creation of Vendor Master
Vendor Master contains a list of vendors from where a company can procure or sell goods. A Vendor
Master can be created by following the steps given below −

Path to create Vendor Master

SAP Menu ⇒Logistics ⇒Material Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Master Data ⇒Vendor ⇒Central ⇒Create

TCode: XK01

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Create for Central Vendor Data, by following the above path.

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Step 2 − Fill in all the required details such as company code, purchasing org, and vendor number (if
external number assignment).

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Step 3 − Fill in all the details of vendor’s address such as street name, postal code, country.

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Step 4 − Fill in the necessary bank details of the vendor.

Step 5 − Fill in the necessary accounting information of the vendor.

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Step 6 − Fill in the terms of payment that are defined between the company and the vendor. Click on Save.
A new vendor master will be created.

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 9. PURCHASE INFO RECORD

SAP R/3 works on all real-time data that includes material master and vendor master. Material and vendor
master are separate data records for keeping information of materials and vendors from where material
is procured. The combined information of material and vendor altogether is kept in a record that we call
as purchase info record. The key points about purchase info record are as follows −

 Purchasing info record stores information on material and vendor, supplying that material. For
example, a vendor’s current price of a particular material is stored in info record.
 Purchase info record can be maintained at the plant level or at the purchasing organization level.
 Info record can be maintained for four procurement types, which are as follows −
o Standard − Standard info record has information on standard orders (orders include
details of vendor and material). This info record will include vendors price for supplying
the particular material.
o Subcontracting − Subcontracting info record has information on subcontract orders. This
info record will include price for assembling the raw material that is supplied by the
ordering party.
o Pipeline − Pipeline info record has information on material that is provided by vendor
through pipes. For Example: like water,electricity.
o Consignment − Consignment info record has information on material that is kept at
ordering party premises. This info record contains vendors price that is to be paid for
withdrawing material from consignment stock.

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Creation of Purchase Info Record
Follow the steps given below to create a Purchase Info Record.

Path to create Info Record

Logistics ⇒Material Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Master Data ⇒Info Record ⇒Create

TCode: ME11

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select the Create icon, by following the above path.

Step 2 − Enter the vendor number. In the info category, select standard or subcontracting, or pipeline or
consignment, according to the requirement.

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Step 3 − Fill in the required details such as material group, 1st/2nd/3rd reminder, vendor material number,
personal details, order unit, origin data, and sort term.

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Step 4 − Provide the info record note that can be called as info record description. Click on Save. A new
info record will be created.

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 10. Source Determination/List

The combined information of material and vendor is kept in a record that is known as purchase info
record. But a particular material can be ordered from different vendors in different time intervals. This
information can be maintained in a list that is called as the source list. The key points to note about a
source list are as follows −

 Source list includes a list of possible sources of supply for a material over a given framework of
time.
 Source list specifies the time period of ordering a particular material from a given vendor.
 Source list can be copied from one plant to another plant.

Source list can be created by the following two ways −

 Automatically
 Manually

Automatic Creation of Source List

Source list can be automatically created by changing a few settings in the material master. Automatic
source list can be created by following the steps given below.

Step 1 − Go to MM02 (Edit mode of material master for which you want to create source list
automatically). Select all the views.

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Step 2 − Inside purchasing view, check the box for source list. Click on Save. Source list will be created
automatically for the material.

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Manual Creation of Source List
Source list can be created manually by following the steps given below −

Path to Maintain Source list

Logistics ⇒Material Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Master Data ⇒Source List ⇒Maintain

TCode: ME01

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, click Maintain by following the above path.

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Step 2 − Enter the material number for which you want to maintain the source list and respective plant
details.

Step 3 − Fill in all the necessary details such as valid periods, name of vendor, purchasing organization,
etc. Click on the Save icon. Source list for the material is now maintained.

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 11. Procurement Cycle
Every organization acquires material or services to complete its business needs. The process of buying
materials and obtaining services from vendors or dealers is called procurement. The steps required to
procure material forms the procurement cycle. Every organization performs some common sequential
steps to procure material in the right quantity at the right price. The important steps in a procurement
cycle are as follows −

 Determination of Requirement
 Creating Purchase Order
 Posting Goods Receipt
 Posting Invoice

Determination of Requirement
This is the first step in a procurement cycle. It is the logical subdivision, where it is determined what
material or services are required by the company, and which supplier can fulfill the requirement. A list of
requirements is made and then it is approved by a senior authority within the organization. After approval,
a formal list is made that is known as the purchase order with one more level of approval which is sent to
the vendor.

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Creating Purchase Order
Purchase order is the formal and final confirmation of the requirements that is sent to the vendor to
supply material or services. A purchase order includes important information such as name of the material
with its corresponding plant, details of purchasing organization with its company code, name of vendor,
and date of delivery. A purchase order can be created by following the steps given below −

Path to Create Purchase Order

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Purchase Order ⇒Create ⇒Vendor/ Supplying Plant
Known

TCode: ME21N

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Create Vendor/Supplying Plant Known by following the above
path.

Step 2 − Fill in all the necessary details such as name of the vendor, purchasing organization, purchasing
group, company code, and details of the material, for example, material number, price, currency, and
plant.

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Step 3 − Fill in all the necessary details under Item, by selecting the tabs as shown in the following
screenshot −

 Invoice/Delivery Tab (Provide the tax code, Payment terms and conditions, and incoterms)
 Assignment Tab (Provide a valid G/L code, business area, and WBS element)

Click on Save. A new Purchase Order will be created.

Posting Goods Receipt

After processing the purchase order, the vendor delivers the material to the ordering party and this
process is called Goods Receipt. It is the phase where the material is received by the ordering party and
its condition and quality are verified. Once the material is verified against the predefined quality, a goods
receipt is posted. Goods receipt can be posted by following the steps given below.

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Path to Post Goods Receipt
Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Inventory management ⇒Goods movement ⇒Goods movement

TCode: MIGO

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Goods movement (MIGO) by following the above path.

Step 2 − Fill in all the necessary details such as movement type (101 for goods receipt), name of the
material, quantity received, details of storage location and the plant where the material will be placed.
Click on Save. Goods Receipt is now posted for the material.

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Posting Invoice
Invoice is received from the vendor after goods receipt, and then the invoice is verified by the ordering
party. This is the phase where the vendor (seller) is paid from the company and reconciliation of the
invoice and PO is accomplished. An invoice can be posted by following the steps given below −

Path to Post Invoice

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Logistic Invoice verification ⇒Document Entry ⇒Enter Invoice

TCode: MIRO

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Enter Invoice by following the above path.

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Step 2 − Fill in all the necessary details such as invoice posting date, amount that is paid to the vendor
along with the quantity for which the amount is paid. Click on Save. Invoice is now posted for the goods
receipt.

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12.Purchase Requisition
Procurement in every organization starts with gathering requirements. Once requirements are gathered,
we need to inform the purchasing organization. A Purchase Requisition is a document that contains a list
of requirements. The key points to note about a purchase requisition are as follows −

 A purchase requisition is a request that is made to the purchasing organization to procure a

certain list of materials.
 It is an internal document and remains within the organization.
 Purchase requisition needs approval from the purchasing organization.
 If a purchase requisition has already been approved, then it can be modified only to a limited
extent.
 Purchase requisition can be created for the following procurement types −
o Standard − Getting finished material from vendor.
o Subcontracting − Providing raw material to vendor and getting finished material.
o Consignment − Procuring material that is kept in company’s premises and paying to
vendor for that.
o Stock transfer − Getting material from within the organization.
o External service − Getting services like maintenance from third party vendor.

Create Purchase Requisition

A Purchase Requisition can be created by following the steps given below −

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Path to Create Purchase requisition
Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Purchasing Requisition ⇒Create

TCode: ME51N

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select the Create execute icon by following the above path.

Step 2 − Fill in all the required details such as name of the material, quantity, delivery date, material group,
and plant. Click on Save. A new Purchase Requisition will be created.

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After creating a purchase requisition, we need to send our requirements to the vendor. It is done through
a document that is known as the purchase order. A purchase order can be directly created from a purchase
requisition.

Creating Purchase Order from Purchase Requisition

Follow the steps given below to create a purchase order from a purchase requisition. −

TCode: ME21N

Step 1 − Enter TCode to go to the purchase order home screen. Select Purchase Requisition as shown in
the following screenshot.

TCode: ME21N

Step 2 − Provide the purchase requisition number for which you want to create a purchase order. Then
select the execute icon.

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Step 3 − Drag the standard reference Purchase Requisition to the cart next to the NB Standard PO.

Step 4 − Verify the details of the purchase order and do the necessary changes as per requirement. Click
on Save. You now have a purchase order from the selected purchase requisition.

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13.Request for Quotation
Vendor selection is an important process in the procurement cycle. Once requirements are gathered, we
start looking for possible suppliers who can fulfill the requirements at the best possible price. So, a request
is made to the vendors to submit their quotations indicating the price of the material along with their
terms and conditions. This request is known as the request for quotation (RFQ). Listed below are the key
points to note about a request for quotation −

 Request for quotation is a form of invitation that is sent to the vendors to submit a quotation
indicating their pricing and terms and conditions.
 It contains details about goods or services, quantity, date of delivery, and date of bid on which it
is to be submitted.
 Quotation is a reply by a vendor in response to a request for quotation.

An RFQ can be created by the following two ways −

 Manually
 Automatically from Purchase Requisition

Manual Creation of RFQ

An RFQ can be created manually by following the steps given below −

Path to Create RFQ

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒RFQ/Quotation ⇒Request for Quotation ⇒Create

TCode: ME41

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select the Create execute icon by following the above path.

185
Step 2 − Fill in all the required details such as type of RFQ (if standard, then AN), language, date of RFQ,
purchasing organization, and group.

186
Step 3 − Provide the name of the material, quantity of material, material group, and quotation deadline
date.

187
Step 4 − Provide the quantity and delivery date for the material.

188
Step 5 − Provide the vendor address (street number, city, country, pin code) to which you are addressing
the RFQ. Click on Save. A new Request for Quotation will be created.

Automatic Creation of RFQ from Purchase Requisition

RFQ can also be created with reference to purchase requisition by following the steps given below −

Step 1 − On the home screen of RFQ, select Reference to PReq tab.

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Step 2 − Enter the requisition number for which you want to create an RFQ. Click on Save. A new Request
for Quotation will be created with reference to Purchase Requisition.

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14.Outline Agreement

Vendor selection is an important process in the procurement cycle. Vendors can be selected by quotation
process. After having shortlisted a vendor, an organization enters into an agreement with that particular
vendor to supply certain items with certain conditions. Typically when an agreement is reached, a formal
contract is signed with the vendor. So, an outline agreement is a long-term purchasing agreement with a
vendor. −

The key points to note about an outline agreement are as follows

 An outline agreement is a long-term purchasing agreement with a vendor containing terms and
conditions regarding the material that is to be supplied by the vendor.
 The terms of an outline agreement are valid up to a certain period of time and cover a certain
predefined quantity or value.

An outline agreement can be of the following two types −

 Contract
 Scheduling Agreement

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Contract
A contract is a long-term outline agreement between a vendor and an ordering party over a predefined
material or service over a certain framework of time. There are two types of contracts −

 Quantity Contract − In this type of contract, the overall value is specified in terms of the total
quantity of material to be supplied by the vendor.
 Value Contract − In this type of contract, the overall value is specified in terms of the total amount
to be paid for that material to the vendor.

Follow the steps given below to create a contract. −

Path to Create Contract

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Outline Agreement ⇒Contract ⇒Create

TCode: ME31K

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select the Create execute icon by following the above path.

Step 2 − Provide the name of the vendor, type of contract, purchasing organization, purchasing group,
and plant along with the agreement date.

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Step 3 − Fill in all the necessary details such as the agreement validity start date, end date, and pay terms
(i.e. terms of payment).

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Step 4 − Provide material number along with the target quantity. Click on Save. A new Contract will be
created.

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Scheduling Agreement
A scheduling agreement is a long-term outline agreement between the vendor and the ordering party
over a predefined material or service, which are procured on predetermined dates over a framework of
time. A scheduling agreement can be created in the following two ways −

 Creating scheduling agreement

 Maintain scheduling lines for the agreement

Creating Scheduling Agreement

Follow the steps given below to create a scheduling agreement.

Path to Create Scheduling Agreement

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Outline Agreement ⇒Scheduling Agreement ⇒Create ⇒
Vendor Known

TCode: ME31L

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select the Create execute icon by following the above path.

195
Step 2 − Provide the name of the vendor, agreement type (LP for scheduling agreement), purchasing
organization, purchasing group, plant along with agreement date.

196
Step 3 − Fill in all the necessary details such as the agreement validity start date, end date, and pay terms
(i.e. terms of payment).

197
Step 4 − Provide material number along with the target quantity, net price, currency, and material group.
Click on Save. A new Scheduling Agreement will be created.

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Maintain Scheduling Lines for the Agreement
Schedule lines can be maintained for a scheduling agreement by following the steps given below.

Path to Maintain Schedule Lines

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Outline Agreement ⇒Scheduling Agreement ⇒Delivery
Schedule ⇒Maintain

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select the Maintain execute icon by following the above path.

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Step 2 − Provide the scheduling agreement number.

Step 3 − Select the line item. Go to Item tab. Select Delivery Schedule.

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Step 4 − Provide the delivery schedule date and the target quantity. Click on Save. Schedule lines are now
maintained for the scheduling agreement.

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15.Quota Arrangement
A particular material can be procured from different vendors depending upon the requirement. In this
way, the total requirement of a material is distributed to different vendors, i.e., the quota is assigned to
each source of supply. This is known as quota arrangement. The key points to note about quota
arrangement are as follows −

 Quota arrangement divides the total requirement of material among certain sources of supply,
i.e. vendors, and then assigns a quota to each source.
 This particular quota specifies the portion of material that is to be procured from an assigned
vendor or source.
 Quota rating is used to determine the amount of material that is to be assigned to a particular
source or vendor. The source with the lowest quota rating represents a valid source.
 Quota rating can be calculated by using the following formula −

 Quota rating = (Quota Allocated Quantity + Quota Base Quantity)/Quota

 Where Quota Allocated Quantity is total quantity from all orders that is procured from a particular
source. Quota Base Quantity is quantity from new source of supply. Quota is total requirement of
material that is given to a particular source of supply.

 The mandatory setting before creating a quota is that the info record and the source list should
be maintained for the particular material. Also, in the material master, the source list and quota
arrangement usage check boxes should be checked. This setting can be made in the material
master by going to TCode MM03. In purchasing view, check the quota arrangement usage and
the source list. Setting is now maintained for quota arrangement.

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Create Quota Arrangement
Quota arrangement divides the total requirement of a material among certain sources of supply, i.e.,
vendors. Follow the steps given below to create a quota arrangement.

Path to Create Quota Arrangement

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Master Data ⇒Quota Arrangement ⇒Maintain

TCode: MEQ1

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select the Maintain execute icon by following the above path.

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Step 2 − Enter the material number and plant for which quota arrangement needs to be maintained.

Step 3 − Provide dates in ‘valid from’ and ‘valid to’ and value in ‘quantity split’.

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Step 4 − Enter the name of vendors and the assigned allocated quantity to them. Click on Save. Quota
arrangement is now maintained for the particular material.

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16.Posting Period
SAP ERP systems were designed so that business can be conducted in an efficient way. Documents such
as purchase order, request for quotation, goods receipt are essential elements in a business. These
documents need security, i.e., if any of the documents is posted incorrectly, then the business can get
affected at various levels. In order to secure these documents, we have a concept known as the posting
period.

A posting period allows one to post and make changes in the documents only in a specific time period.
Sometimes you will get errors like “posting allowed only in this time period for a certain company code”.
It means for a particular company code, a posting period is maintained and posting to that document is
only allowed within that period. A posting period for a company can be defined using five fields which are
as follows −

 Maintain Fiscal Year Variant

 Assign Fiscal Year Variant to Company Code
 Define Variants for Open Posting Periods
 Assign Variant to Company Code
 Open and Close Posting Periods

Maintain Fiscal Year Variant

Fiscal year variant is the time period during which financial statements are withdrawn for a company.
Different companies have different fiscal years. Fiscal year variant can be maintained by following the
steps given below.

Path to Maintain Fiscal Year Variant

Financial accounting ⇒Financial Accounting Global Settings ⇒Ledgers ⇒Fiscal Year and Posting Periods ⇒
Maintain Fiscal Year Variant
1106
TCode: OB29

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Maintain Fiscal Year Variant by following the above path.

Step 2 − Click New Entries.

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Step 3 − Provide the name of the fiscal year variant along with the description and number of posting.
Click on Save. A new Fiscal Year Variant will be created.

1108
Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant
Follow the steps given below to assign company code to the fiscal year variant.

Path to Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant

Financial accounting ⇒Financial Accounting Global Settings ⇒Ledgers ⇒Fiscal Year and Posting Periods ⇒
Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant

TCode: OB37

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant by following the
above path.

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Step 2 − We can view the existing assignment and change it accordingly. Click on Save. Fiscal Year Variant
is now assigned to company code.

Define Variants for Open Posting Periods

Follow the steps given below to define variants for open posting periods.

1110
Path to Define Variants for Open Posting Periods
Financial accounting ⇒Financial Accounting Global Settings ⇒Ledgers ⇒Fiscal Year and Posting Periods ⇒
Posting Periods ⇒Define Variants for Open Posting Periods

TCode: OBBO

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Variants for Open Posting Periods by following the above
path.

Step 2 − Click New Entries.

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Step 3 − Enter the name of the variant. Click on Save. A new Variant will be created for open posting
periods.

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Assign Variant to Company Code
Follow the steps given below to assign a variant to company code.

Path to Assign Variant to Company Code

Financial accounting ⇒Financial Accounting Global Settings ⇒Ledgers ⇒Fiscal Year and Posting Periods ⇒
Posting Periods ⇒Assign Variants to Company Code

TCode: OBBP

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Assign Variants to Company Code by following the above path.

1113
Step 2 − We can view the existing assignment and change it accordingly. Click on Save. Variant is now
assigned to company code.

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Open and Close Posting Periods
Posting period allows you to post and make changes in the documents only in a specific time period. Open
and close posting periods can be maintained by following the steps given below.

Path to Open and Close Posting Periods

Financial accounting ⇒Financial Accounting Global Settings ⇒Ledgers ⇒Fiscal Year and Posting Periods ⇒
Posting Periods ⇒Open and Close Posting Periods

TCode: OB52

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Open and Close Posting Periods by following the above path.

Step 2 − Click New Entries.

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Step 3 − Provide the name of variant, account details, and the year allowed for posting. Click on Save.
Posting Period is now maintained for the variant.

17. Purchase Order Types

SAP ERP was introduced so that procurement can be done efficiently in terms of time and cost.
Procurement can be done for various types of goods and services. Procurement starts with creating a
purchase order, i.e., a formal document given to vendors and it includes a list of goods and materials that
are to be procured. Accordingly, purchase orders can be created for different types of procurement. The
type of procurement can be maintained in a field that is known as item category as shown below.

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For different procurement types, there are four types of purchase orders, which are as follows −

 Subcontracting Purchase Order

 Consignment Purchase Order
 Stock Transfer Purchase Order
 Service Purchase Order

Subcontracting Purchase Order

In subcontracting, the vendor (the subcontractor) receives components from the ordering party with the
help of which it produces a product. The product is ordered by your company through a purchase order.
The components required by the vendor (seller) to manufacture the ordered products are listed in the
purchase order and provided to the subcontractor.

Follow the steps given below to create a subcontracting purchase order.

TCode to create Purchase Order: ME21N

Subcontracting Item Category: L

 Provide the TCode in the command field.

 It will take you to the purchase order screen.
 Provide all the necessary details such as the name of the vendor, item category, name of material,
plant for which material is procured, and the date of delivery.
 Click on Save. Subcontracting Purchase order will be created.

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Consignment Purchase Order
In consignment, material is available at the organization store premises, however it still belongs to the
vendor (seller)/Owner of the material. If you utilize the material from the consignment stocks, then you
have to pay to the vendor.

Follow the steps given below to create a consignment purchase order.

TCode to create Purchase Order: ME21N

Consignment Item Category: K

 Provide the TCode in the command field.

 It will take you to the purchase order screen.
 Provide all the necessary details such as the name of the vendor, item category, name of material,
plant for which material is procured, and the date of delivery.
 Click on Save. Consignment Purchase order will be created.

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Stock Transfer Purchase Order
In stock transfer, goods are procured and supplied within a company. One plant orders the goods
internally from another plant (receiving plant/issuing plant). The goods are procured with a special type
of purchase order known as the stock transport order.

Follow the steps given below to create a stock transfer purchase order.

TCode to create Purchase Order: ME21N

Stock Transfer Item Category: U

 Provide the TCode in the command field.

 It will take you to the purchase order screen.
 Provide all the necessary details such as the name of the vendor, item category, name of material,
plant for which material is procured, and the date of delivery.
 Click on Save. Stock Transfer Purchase order will be created.

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Service Purchase Order
In service, a third party provides services to a company. These services include maintenance functions
such as electricity and oiling of machines. Follow the steps given below to create a service purchase order.

TCode to create Purchase Order: ME21N

Service Item Category: D

 Provide the TCode in the command field.

 It will take you to the purchase order screen.
 Provide all the necessary details such as the name of the vendor, item category, name of material,
plant for which material is procured, and the date of delivery.
 Click on Save. Service Purchase order will be created.

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18.Inventory Management
Procurement process starts with gathering requirements and ends with procuring goods from vendors.
Once the goods are procured from a vendor, they need to be placed in the company’s premises in correct
place so that they can be consumed when required. Inventory management deals with placing and
handling the stock received from the vendors in correct place within the company’s premises. −

Listed below are the points to note about inventory management −

 Inventory management deals with the management of stock, either on value or quantity basis.
 It includes planning, entry, and keeping records of all the movements of goods.
 Goods movement creates a document that updates all the stock quantity and value in the
inventory that is known as the material document.
 A material document is referred by a document number and document year.

One normally comes across the following terms while doing inventory management −

 Movement Type
 Goods Receipt
 Reservation
 Goods Issue

1121
Movement Type
Movement type describes the type of stock posting in inventory. It represents whether the posting in
stock is against goods receipt or goods issue. The important movement types in SAP MM are as follows −

 101 − Goods receipt for purchase order or order.

 103 − Goods receipt for purchase order into GR blocked stock.
 201 − Goods issue for a cost center.
 261 − Goods issue for an order
 301 − Transfer posting plant to plant in one step
 305 − Transfer posting plant to plant in two steps - placement in storage
 311 − Transfer posting storage location to storage location in one step
 313 − Stock transfer storage locations to storage location in two steps - removal from storage.

Movement types can be reached out by following the steps given below −

Path to Reach Movement Type

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Inventory Management ⇒Goods Movement ⇒Goods Movement
(MIGO)

TCode: MIGO

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Goods Movement (MIGO) by following the above path.

1122
Step 2 − Select GR Goods Receipt drop-down. You will get a lot of standard movement types and you can
choose one according to your requirement.

1123
Goods Receipt
Goods receipt is the phase where the material is received by the ordering party and its condition and
quality are verified. Depending upon the movement type, stock is posted in inventory with the help of
goods receipt. Goods receipt will show the increase in warehouse stock. Goods receipt has two scenarios
−

 Creation of Goods Receipt

 Cancellation of Goods Receipt

Creation of Goods Receipt

Goods receipt can be posted by following the steps given below.

Path to Post Goods Receipt

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Inventory Management ⇒Goods Movement ⇒Goods Movement
(MIGO)

TCode: MIGO

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Goods Movement (MIGO) by following the above path.

1124
Step 2 − Goods receipt can be posted against various documents. Select the required document from the
drop-down. In this case, we are selecting purchase order. Select the movement type according to the
requirement.

Step 3 − It will fetch all the details from the selected reference document such as material, quantity, plant,
etc. Select check tab to check the document. Then click on Save. A material document number will be
generated. Goods receipt is now posted against a purchase document.

1125
Cancellation of Goods Receipt
Sometimes a goods receipt is not posted correctly, in which case, it is to be cancelled. Follow the steps
given below to cancel a goods receipt.

Path to Cancel Goods Receipt

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Inventory Management ⇒Goods Movement ⇒Goods Movement
(MIGO)

TCode: MIGO

Step 1 − On the MIGO screen, select Cancellation against a Material Document Number from the drop-
down. Provide the material document number.

1126
Step 2 − It will fetch all the details from the material document. Select the check tab to check the
document. Then click on Save. A material document number will be generated. Goods receipt is now
cancelled.

1127
Reservation
Sometimes, stocks are to be blocked in advance so that they can be made available at a particular point
of time. This is known as reservation. Reservation ensures that availability of stock at a particular time.
Reserved quantity can be viewed by TCode MMBE. Provide the material number and plant. Reserved
quantity can be seen in the reserved tab as shown below.

Follow the steps given below to create a Reservation.

1128
Path to Create Reservation
Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Inventory Management ⇒Reservation ⇒Create

TCode: MB21

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select the Create execute icon by following the above path.

Step 2 − Enter the date, movement type, and the plant for which reservation is to be made.

1129
Step 3 − Enter the order number against which you want to make a reservation. Provide the details of
material and the quantity that is to be reserved. Click on Save. Reservation is now made for the order.

1130
Goods Issue
Goods issue means moving a stock out of inventory that may be due to several reasons like withdrawing
of material for sampling or returning the goods back to the vendor. A goods issue results in a decrease in
quantity in the warehouse. Follow the steps given below to post a goods issue.

Path to Post Goods Issue

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Inventory Management ⇒Goods Movement ⇒Goods Movement
(MIGO)

TCode: MIGO

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Goods Movement (MIGO) by following the above path.

Step 2 − Select goods issue from the drop-down. Goods issue can be posted against various documents.
Select the required document from the drop-down. For example, in this case, we are selecting purchase
order. Select the movement type according to the requirement.

1131
Step 3 − It will fetch all the details from the selected reference document such as material, quantity, plant,
etc. Select the check tab to check the document. Then click on Save. A material document number will be
generated. Goods Issue is now posted against a purchase document.

1132
19.Invoice Verification
Every organization acquires goods or services to complete its business needs. Once goods are procured
from a vendor and placed in company’s premises through goods receipt, we need to pay to the vendor
for the acquired goods and services. The amount to be paid along with the details of the material is
provided by the vendor in the form of a document that is known as the invoice. Before paying to the
vendor, we need to verify the invoice. This process of verifying the invoice before making a payment is
known as invoice verification. The key points to note about invoice verification are as follows −

 Invoice verification marks the end of procurement, after purchase order and goods receipt.
 Invoice posting updates all the related documents in financials and accounting.
 Blocked invoice that vary from actual invoice can be processed through invoice verification.

One normally comes across the following terms in invoice verification −

 Posting of Invoice
 Blocked Invoice
 Evaluated Receipt Settlement(ERS)

Posting of Invoice
Posting of invoice is done after having received the goods from the vendor and after having completed
the goods receipt. The invoice received from a vendor is verified against cost, quantity, and quality by the
ordering party, and then the invoice is posted against that purchase order.

This is the phase where the vendor (seller) is paid from the company and reconciliation of the invoice and
PO is accomplished. Follow the steps given below to post an invoice.
1133
Path to Post Invoice
Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Logistic Invoice Verification ⇒Document Entry ⇒Enter Invoice

TCode: MIRO

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Enter Invoice by following the above path.

Step 2 − Fill in all the necessary details such as invoice posting date, amount that is paid to the vendor
along with the quantity for which the amount is paid. Click on Save. Invoice is now posted for the goods
receipt.

1134
Blocked Invoice
Sometimes the accounting department may not be able to pay a vendor as per the invoice raised. This
may happen in the following scenario. You try to post an invoice, however the system expects certain
default value against the purchase order or the goods receipt and the posted invoice differs from the
default value. This may lead to invoice blocking. Invoice blocking is caused due to −

 Variance in amount at item level

 Variance in quantity at item level

It is difficult to analyze small variances in invoice. So, tolerance limits are set up in the system and if the
variance in the invoice is within the tolerance limit, then the system accepts the invoice. If the variance
exceeds the tolerance limit, then it may lead to invoice blocking. In such cases, we need to manually
unblock or release the blocked invoice if it has to be processed. Follow the steps given below to unblock
an invoice.

Path to Release Blocked Invoice

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Logistic Invoice verification ⇒Further Processing ⇒Release Blocked
Invoice

TCode: MRBR

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Release Blocked Invoices by following the above path.

1135
Step 2 − Provide necessary details such as company code, invoice document number, vendor, posting
date, and purchasing group. Then click the execute button. The blocked invoice will be released.

1136
Evaluated Receipt Settlement
Evaluated Receipt Settlement (ERS) is an easy method of settling goods receipt automatically. If the
ordering party has agreed with the vendor on all financial terms and condition, then it need not verify the
invoice. Invoice will be posted automatically from the information present in the purchase order and the
goods receipt. Given below are the advantages of having an ERS −

 Purchase orders can be settled and closed quickly.

 It reduces human efforts, as there is no need to verify the invoice.
 Amount and quantity variances in invoice can be avoided with the help of ERS.

To implement ERS, some mandatory settings are to be done in the vendor master.

 Go to XK02 (Change mode of vendor master).

 Select Control data tab.
 Check the AutoEvalGRSetmt Del. and AutoEvalGRSetmt Ret box.
 Click on Save. Now the particular vendor is enabled for ERS.

1137
Follow the steps given below to create an ERS.

Path to Create ERS

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Logistic Invoice verification ⇒Automatic Settlement ⇒Evaluated
Receipt Settlement (ERS)

TCode: MRRL

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Evaluated Receipt Settlement (ERS) by following the above path.

1138
Step 2 − Fill in all the necessary details such as company code, plant, goods receipt document number and
date, vendor, and purchasing document. Click on Save. ERS will be created for the corresponding purchase
order and goods receipt.

1139
20.Service Management
Besides procurement of goods, an organization may occasionally require some kind of services. Such
services include small maintenance tasks such as changing the lights, painting, and housekeeping. These
services are carried out by external contractors and hence the whole process of procurement of services
is known as service management. The key points to note about service management are as follows −

 Services are meant for direct consumption instead of keeping them in inventory.
 Service description along with its unit of measure is stored as master data in a record that is known
as the service master record.
 The system stores the services that have been procured as a record in a sheet that is called as the
service entry sheet.
 Service procurement can be of the following two types−
o Planned Services − In planned services at the time of procurement specifications like
quantity and price are known in advance. It means nature and scope of service is clear
before procurement.
o Unplanned Services − In unplanned services at the time of procurement specifications
like quantity and price are not known in advance. It means nature and scope of service is
not clear before procurement. These services can be extended as per the requirement.
1140
Service management deals with the following terms−

 Service Master Record

 Service Purchase Order
 Service Entry Sheet

Service Master Record

Service master record contains the details of all the services that can be procured from an external vendor
within an organization. It contains the description of services along with their unit of measure. Service
master record serves as a reference for creating service purchase order, but it is not necessary. Service
purchase order can also be created manually without reference. Follow the steps given below to create a
service master record.

Path to Create Service Master Record

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Service Master ⇒Service ⇒Service Master

TCode: AC03

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Service Master by following the above path.

Step 2 − Click the Create New Service icon as shown below.

1141
Step 3 − Fill in all the necessary details such as service category, base unit of measure, and valuation class.
Click on Save. A new Service will be created.

Service Purchase Order

In SAP MM services are accomplished with the help of service purchase order. The requirement of service
with its description along with quantity is given to third party in form of service purchase order. In service

1142
purchase order important field is item category. For service, item category will be D. So, service purchase
order can be created by following the below steps.

Path to Create Purchase Order

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Purchase Order ⇒Create ⇒Vendor/ Supplying Plant
Known

TCode: ME21N

Service Item Category: D

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select Vendor/ Supplying Plant Known by following the above path.

Step 2 − Provide all the necessary details such as the name of the vendor, item category, name of material,
plant for which material is procured, and the date of delivery. Click on Save. Service Purchase order will
be created.

1143
Service Entry Sheet
A service entry sheet stores a record of all the services that have been procured. In case of goods procured,
we maintain a goods receipt document; whereas in case of services, we maintain a service entry sheet. It
accommodates the charges that we need to pay to the vendor. Follow the steps given below to create a
service entry sheet.

Path to Create Service Entry Sheet

Logistics ⇒Materials Management ⇒Service Entry Sheet ⇒Maintain

TCode: ML81N

Step 1 − On the SAP Menu screen, select the Maintain execute icon by following the above path.

1144
Step 2 − Provide all the necessary details such as purchase order number, service number, quantity, and
price. Click on Save. A new Service Entry Sheet will be created for the corresponding purchase order.

1145
21.Valuation

Procurement process starts with creating a purchase order and ends with invoice verification. In the whole
process, one of the important parts is material valuation. While creating purchase orders, material price
is a mandatory field and it is automatically determined. It happens because material valuation is
maintained in the SAP system in the material master. Material valuation represents integration between
MM & FI (Financial Accounting) modules, since it updates the general ledger accounts in financial
accounting. The key points to note about material valuation are as follows −

 Material valuation helps in determining the price of the material, and in which general ledger
account it needs to be posted.
 Material valuation can happen at company code level or plant level.
 Material can be valuated based on different types of procurement; it is known as split valuation.

Split Valuation
Split valuation helps in valuating the stocks of a material in the same valuation area (company or plant)
differently. Some of the examples where split valuation is required are as follows−

 Stock that is procured externally from a vendor has a different valuation price than the stock of
an in-house production.
 Stock obtained from one vendor is valuated at a different price than the stock obtained from
another vendor.
 Same material having different batch may have different valuation prices.

Split Valuation needs to be activated before setting any other configuration. Follow the steps given below
to activate split valuation.
1146
Path to Activate Split Valuation
IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Valuation and Account Assignment ⇒Split Valuation ⇒Activate Split
Valuation

TCode: OMW0

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Activate Split Valuation by following the above path.

Step 2 − Click the option Split Material Valuation Active. Click on Save. Split valuation is now activated.

Some important terms under split valuation are as follows.

1147
  Valuation Area − Material may be valuated at plant level or at company code level. The level at
which materials are valuated is known as valuation area.
 Valuation Category − Valuation category is the criteria on which material is split valuated.
 Valuation Type − Valuation type specifies the features of a valuation category.

Split Valuation Configuration

Follow the steps given below to do split valuation configuration such as defining valuation category and
valuation type.

Path to Configure Split Valuation

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Valuation and Account Assignment ⇒Split Valuation ⇒Configure Split
Valuation

TCode: OMWC

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Configure Split Valuation by following the above path.

Step 2 − Click Global Types to create valuation type.

1148
Step 3 − Click the Create button.

Step 4 − Provide the name of the valuation type. Click on Save. A new Valuation Type will be created.

Step 5 − Now go to the same screen and click Global Categories to create valuation category.

1149
Step 6 − Click the Create button.

Step 7 − Provide the name of the valuation category. Click on Save. A new Valuation Category will be
created.

1150
Step 8 − Now go to the same screen and click Local Definitions to map valuation type and valuation
category.

Step 9 − Click the Cats. → OU button..

1151
Step 10 − Provide valuation type, valuation category, and set the status as active, and then click the
Activate button. Valuation category and valuation type are now mapped and both are activated.

After maintaining the valuation type and valuation category, you can mention them in the material master
as shown below.

Go to mm02 (Change screen for material master). Here you can maintain the valuation category and
valuation class in accounting view. On this basis, valuation of the material will be done in a purchase order.

1152
22. Account Determination
In SAP MM, procurement process involves the cost of goods and services that needs to be paid to the
vendor by an organization. The cost being paid must be posted in an organization necessarily in a correct
general ledger (G/L) account. It is quite impossible to recollect and feed the correct G/L account every
time during procurement. To avoid this inconvenience, the SAP system can be configured so that the
system will automatically determine the correct G/L account that needs to be posted. G/L account is
posted when goods receipt is done as well as during clearing the invoice verification. Account
determination deals with the following terms−

 Define Valuation Control

 Group together Valuation Areas
 Define Valuation Classes
 Configure Automatic Posting

Define Valuation Control

Valuation areas can be grouped together and can be assigned to one grouping code, if they belong to the
same G/L account. For example, different plants under one company code can be assigned the same
1153
valuation grouping code and vice versa. Before this, valuation grouping code must be activated and this
can be done by following the steps given below.

Path to Activate Valuation Grouping Code

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Valuation and Account Assignment ⇒Account Determination ⇒Account
Determination without Wizard ⇒Define Valuation Control

TCode: OMWM

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Valuation Control by following the above path.

Step 2 − Select Valuation grouping code. Click on Save. Valuation grouping code is now activated.

1154
Group Together Valuation Areas
In valuation grouping, valuation area and valuation grouping code are assigned to the company code. This
can be done by following the below steps.

Path to Define Valuation Area and Valuation Grouping Code

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Valuation and Account Assignment ⇒Account Determination ⇒Account
Determination without Wizard ⇒Group Together Valuation Areas

TCode: OMWD

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Group Together Valuation Areas by following the above path.

Step 2 − Here you can define a valuation area with grouping code, and assign them to a company code.
Click on Save. Valuation area and valuation grouping code are now defined for a company code.

1155
Define Valuation Classes
Valuation class categorizes the G/L account on the basis of material type. For example, raw material will
have different G/L account than the finished material, as the costs will be different in both the cases.
Account reference is also maintained along with the valuation class. Account reference and valuation class
can be defined by following the steps given below.

Path to Define Account Reference and Valuation Class

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Valuation and Account Assignment ⇒Account Determination ⇒Account
Determination without Wizard ⇒Define Valuation Classes

TCode: OMSK

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Valuation Classes by following the above path.

1156
Step 2 − Click the Account Category Reference button.

Step 3 − Click New Entries.

1157
Step 4 − Provide the name of ARef (Account reference) along with its description.

1158
Step 5 − Now go to same screen and click Valuation Class.

Step 6 − Click New Entries.

1159
Step 7 − Provide the name of valuation class, ARef (Account reference), and description of valuation class.

1160
Step 8 − Now go to the same screen and click Material Type/Account Category Reference.

Step 9 − Here you can map material type with ARef (Account reference). Click on Save. G/L account can
now be posted for different material types.

1161
Configure Automatic Posting
G/L account is automatically determined for each of the transactions. It happens so because automatic
postings are configured in the SAP system. Automatic posting can be configured by following the steps
given below.

Path to Configure Automatic Posting

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Valuation and Account Assignment ⇒Account Determination ⇒Account
Determination without Wizard ⇒Configure Automatic Postings

TCode: OMWB

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Configure Automatic Postings by following the above path.

1162
Step 2 − Click Account Assignment.

Step 3 − Here you can maintain the transaction for which automatic account determination is there. Click
on Save. Automatic posting for transactions is now configured.

1163
23.Configuration
SAP MM is flexible enough to allow its configurations to be modified in the background to suit the business
requirements of an organization. Configurations help in making custom enhancements in the structure.
This chapter describes some of the important configurations in SAP MM.

Assign Fields to Field Selection Groups

This configuration allows one to make some fields optional, hidden, or mandatory in the master record.
Follow the steps given below to set this configuration.

Path to Assign Fields to Field Selection Groups

IMG ⇒Logistic General ⇒Material Master ⇒Field Selection ⇒Assign Fields to Field Selection Groups

TCode: OMSR

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Assign Fields to Field Selection Groups by following the above
path.

1164
Step 2 − Select the entry in which you want to make the changes.

1165
Step 3 − Here you can change the properties of the fields as hidden, display, required entry, or optional
entry. Click on Save. Field Groups are now set with the desired field entries.

1166
Maintain Field Selection for Data Screens
This configuration allows one to make some data screens in the master data as optional, hidden, or
mandatory. Follow the steps given below to set this configuration.

Path to Maintain Field Selection for Data Screens

IMG ⇒Logistic General ⇒Material Master ⇒Field Selection ⇒Maintain Field Selection for Data Screens

TCode: OMS9

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Maintain Field Selection for Data Screens by following the
above path.

1167
Step 2 − Select the field selection group in which you want to make changes. Here you can make changes
in the field reference as hidden, display, required entry, or optional entry. Click on Save. Field selection
for data screens is now maintained.

1168
Maintain Company Codes for Materials Management
This configuration allows one to maintain company codes with a period along with the fiscal year. Follow
the steps given below to set this configuration.

Path to Maintain Company Codes for Materials Management

IMG ⇒Logistic General ⇒Material Master ⇒ Basic Settings ⇒Maintain Company Codes for Materials
Management

TCode: OMSY

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Maintain Company Codes for Materials Management by
following the above path.

1169
Step 2 − Provide details such as name, company code, along with the fiscal year and the period for that.
Click on Save. Company code is now maintained for materials management.

Define Attributes of System Messages

Sometimes the system does not allow us to save a document when its information is incomplete. In such
cases, the system issues some messages to indicate the probable cause of error. These system messages
can be set up by following the steps given below.

Path to Define Attributes of System Messages

IMG ⇒Logistic General ⇒Material Master ⇒Basic Settings ⇒Define Attributes of System Messages

TCode: OMT4

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Attributes of System Messages by following the above
path.

1170
Step 2 − Here you can maintain type of message (warning or error), message number along with the
description of message. Click on Save. System messages are now maintained.

Define Number Ranges – Purchase Requisition

When we create a purchase requisition, every requisition is recognized by a unique number that is known
as the purchase requisition number. We can define a number range manually, otherwise the system can
automatically assign the same. Follow the steps given below to define a number range for purchase
requisition.

Path to Define Number Ranges

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Purchase Requisition ⇒Define Number Ranges

1171
TCode: OMH7

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Number Ranges by following the above path.

Step 2 − Select edit mode of Intervals tab.

Step 3 − Here you can maintain a number range accordingly. Then click on Save. Number range for
purchase requisition is now maintained.

1172
Define Document Types - Purchase Requisition
Different types of documents are created for purchase requisition. Follow the steps given below to
maintain document types for purchase requisition.

Path to Define Document Types

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒Purchase Requisition ⇒Define Document Types

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Document Types by following the above path.

Step 2 − Click New Entries.

1173
Step 3 − Provide details such as the name of the document type with its description. Click on Save.
Document types for purchase requisition are now defined.

1174
Define Number Ranges – RFQ/Quotation
When we create RFQ/Quotation, every quotation is recognized by a unique number known as quotation
number. We can define a number range manually, otherwise the system can automatically assign the
same. Follow the steps given below to define a number range for RFQ/Quotation.

Path to Define Number Ranges

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒RFQ/Quotation ⇒Define Number Ranges

TCode: OMH6

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Number Ranges by following the above path.

Step 2 − Select edit mode of Intervals tab.

Step 3 − Here you can maintain a number range accordingly. Then click on Save. Number range for
RFQ/Quotation is now maintained.

1175
Define Document Types - RFQ/Quotation
Different types of documents are created for RFQ/Quotation. Follow the steps given below to maintain
document types for RFQ/Quotation.

Path to Define Document Types

IMG ⇒Materials Management ⇒Purchasing ⇒RFQ/Quotation ⇒Define Document Types

Step 1 − On the Display IMG screen, select Define Document Types by following the above path.

Step 2 − Click New Entries.

1176
Step 3 − Provide details such as document type with its description. Click on Save. Document types for
RFQ/Quotation are now defined.

1177
24.Transaction Codes

SAP MM provides some shortcuts to save time and effort. These are known as transaction codes.
Transaction codes are the shortcut codes that take us directly to the screen desired. These codes are
provided in the command field. Some of the important transaction codes are as follows.

Sr.No. T-Code & Description

1 OX15
Create Company
2 OX02
Create Company Code
3 OX10
Create Plant
4 OX09
Create Storage Location
5 OX08
Create Purchasing Organization
6 OME4
Create Purchasing Group
7 OX18
Assign Plant to Company Code
8 OX01
Assign Purchasing Organization to Company Code
9 OX17
Assign Purchasing Organization to Plant
10 MM01
Create Material
11 MM02
Change Material
12 MM03
Display Material
13 MB51
Material Document List
14 MMDE
Delete All Materials
15 MMNR
Define Material Master Number Ranges
16 XK01
Create Vendor
17 XK02
Change Vendor
18 XK03
Display Vendor
1178
19 ML33
Create Vendor Conditions
20 ME11
Maintain Purchasing Info Record
21 ME01
Maintain Source List
22 ME51N
Create Purchase Requisition
23 ME52N
Change Purchase Requisition
24 ME53N
Display Purchase Requisition
25 ME41
Create RFQ/Quotation
26 ME42
Change RFQ/Quotation
27 ME43
Display RFQ/Quotation
28 ME31L
Create Scheduling Agreement
29 ME32L
Change Scheduling Agreement
30 ME33L
Display Scheduling Agreement
31 MEQ1
Create Quota Arrangement
32 MEQ2
Change Quota Arrangement
33 MEQ3
Display Quota Arrangement
34 ME21N
Create Purchase Order
35 ME22N
Change Purchase Order
36 ME23N
Display Purchase Order
37 ME29N
Release Purchase Order
38 ME59N
Automatic generation of Purchase Order
39 MIGO
Post Goods Movement
40 MB1A
Goods Withdrawal
41 MB1B
Transfer Posting

1179
42 MB1C
Post Other Goods Receipts
43 MB01
Post Goods Receipt for Purchase Order
44 OMJJ
Customizing: Define New Movement Types
45 MIRO
Enter Incoming Invoice
46 MIRA
Fast Invoice Entry
47 MR8M
Cancel Invoice Document
48 MRBR
Release Blocked Invoices
49 OMR6
Tolerance limits: Invoice Verification
50 MIR5
Display List of Invoice Documents
51 MIR6
Invoice Overview
52 MIR7
Park Invoice
53 MRIS
Settle Invoicing Plan
54 AC02
Service Master
55 ML81N
Create Service Entry Sheet
56 MRRL
Evaluated Receipt Settlement
57 MMB1
Create Semi Finished Product
58 MMF1
Create Finished Product
59 MMG1
Create Returnable Packaging
60 MMH1
Create Trading Goods
61 MMI1
Create Operating Supplies
62 MMK1
Create Configurable Material
63 MMN1
Create Non-Stock Material
64 MMBE
Stock Overview

1180
65 MB52
List of Warehouse Stocks on Hand
66 MB21
Create Reservation
67 MBST
Cancel Material Document
68 MB5T
Stock in Transit

1181