INDIAN

GEOGRAPHY
Census
• Census 2011 was the 15th census of its kind since 1872. It was held in two phases : House listing and

Housing Census (April to September, 2010) and Population Enumeration (February 9 to 28, 2011 with

Revisional round during 1St to 5th March, 2011).

• Reference Date was 0.00 hour of March 1, 2011. In Snow bound areas, the Population Enumeration

was conducted from September 11 to 30, 2010.

million females). India accounts for a meagre 2.4% of the world surface area of 135.79 million sq. km.

• The population, which at the turn of the twentieth century was around 238.4 million, increased to

reach 1,210.9 million by 2011. As recorded at each decennial census from 1901 the population has

grown steadily except for a decrease during 1911-21.

per sq. km decadal growth 17.72%.

• Among major states, Bihar is the most thickly populated state with a population density of 1,106

persons per sq. km followed by West Bengal 1,028 and Kerala 860.
Sex Ratio
• Sex ratio, defined as the number of females per thousand males is an important social indicator to

measure the extent of prevailing equality between males and females in a society at a given point of

time.

• The sex ratio in the country has always remained unfavourable to females, it was 972 at the beginning

of the twenthieth century and there after showed continuous decline until 1941.

• The sex ratio from 1901-2011 has registered a 10 point increase at census 2011 over 2001, however,

child sex ratio has declined to 919 per thousand male.

• For the purpose of census 2011, a person aged seven and above, who can both read and write with

understanding in any language, is treated as literate. A person, who can only read but cannot write, is

not literate. In the censuses prior to 1991, children below five years of age were necessarily treated

as illiterates.

• The results of 2011 census reveal that there has been an increase in literacy in the country. The

literacy rate in the country is 73.0%, 80.9% for males and 64.6% for females.

• Kerala retained its position by being on top with a 94% literacy rate, closely followed by Lakshadweep

(91.9%). Bihar with a literacy rate of 61.8% ranks last in the country.
• Kerala also occupies the top spot in the country both in male literacy with 96.1% and female

literacy with 92.1%. On the contrary, Bihar has recorded the lowest literacy rates both in case of

males (71.2%) and females (51.5%).

• Dibang Valley of Arunachal Pradesh is the least populated.

• Kurung Kumey of Arunachal Pradesh registered highest population growth rate of 111.01 Percent.

• Longleng district of Nagaland registered negative population growth rate of (-)58.39.

• Mahe district of Puducherry has the highest sex ratio of 1176 females per 1000 males.

• Daman district has the lowest sex ratio of 533 females per 1000 males.
• Serchhip district of Mizoram has the highest literacy rate of 98.76 Percent.

• Alirajpur of MP is the least literate district of India with the figure of 37.22 Percent only.

• Dibang Valley has the least density of 1 person per sq. km.
Facts About Cities

• Mumbai city of Maharashtra is the most populated city in India.

• Kapurthala city of Punjab is the least populated.

• Kozhikode of Kerala has the highest sex ratio of 1093 females per 1000 males.

• Bhiwandi city of Maharashtra has the lowest sex ratio of 709 females per 1000 males.

• Aizawl city of Mizoram has the highest literacy rate of 98.76 Percent.

• Sambhal of UP is the least literate city in India with the figure of 48 Percent only.

• North East Delhi has the highest density with the figure of 37346 people per square kilometre.
THAN K YOU