Direction. Unscramble the following words.
ORLILGN
ROLLING
KN IWGAL
WALKING
DNIUIRTSAL
INDUSTRIAL
EOMTRE
REMOTE
SOTONUAUMO
AUTONOMOUS
What is a Robot?
"A reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts,
tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance
of a variety of task."
Robot Institute of America, 1979
"An automatic device that performs functions normally ascribed to humans or a machine in the form
of a human."
Webster's Dictionary
"a reprogrammable manipulator device"
British Department of Industry
Types of Robot
Simple Level Robots
o Are automatic machines that extend human potential.
o Do work that humans can but should not do.
Middle Level Robots
o Are programmable, multipurpose, electromechanical machines.
o Do work that humans normally do.
o Example: Automatic Washing machine
Complex Level Robots
o Are reprogrammable, multifunctional, manipulators.
o Are designed to move materials, tools and parts through programmed paths.
o Are suited for a variety of tasks.
o Example: Laptop / Computer
HISTORY
the first use of the word "robot" occurred in a play about
mechanical men that are built to work on factory
assembly lines and that rebel against their human
masters. These machines in R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal
Robots), written by Czech playwright Karl Capek in 1921,
got their name from the Czech word for slave.
HISTORY
The word "robotics" was also coined by a writer. Russian-
born American science-fiction writer Isaac Asimov first used the
word in 1942 in his short story "Runabout."
Asimov had a much brighter and more optimistic opinion of the
robot's role in human society than did Capek. He generally
characterized the robots in his short stories as helpful servants
of man and viewed robots as "a better, cleaner race."
TIMELINE
DATE: 1206
SIGNIFICANCE: First Programmable humanoid
robots
ROBOT NAME: Boat with four robotic musicians
-a musical automaton, which was a boat with
four automatic musicians that floated on a lake
to entertain guests at royal drinking parties.
“Much like a music box, this invention, a boat
with four “musicians”—a harpist, a flautist, and
two drummers— was designed to play songs to
entertain.
INVENTOR: Isamail Al-Jazari
TIMELINE
DATE: 1495
SIGNIFICANCE: Designs for a humanoid robot
ROBOT NAME: mechanical knight
Built the robotic knight, an actual knight's suit of armor
with mechanisms inside. It was used primarily for
entertainment at parties.
Inventor: Leonardo Da Vinci
TIMELINE
DATE: 1738
SIGNIFICANCE: Mechanical duck that was able to eat, flap
its wings, and excrete.
ROBOT NAME: Digesting Duck
Inventor: Jacques de Vaucanson
TIMELINE
DATE: 1800
SIGNIFICANCE: Japanese mechanical toys that serve tea,
fired arrows, and painted
ROBOT NAME: Karakuri toys
Inventor: Hisashige Tanaka
Tea-serving karakuri, with mechanism, 19th century. National
Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo.
TIMELINE
DATE: 1963
SIGNIFICANCE: First Palletizing robot
ROBOT NAME: Palletizer
Inventor: Fuji Yusoki Kogyo
TIMELINE
DATE: 1973
SIGNIFICANCE: First robot with six electromechanically
driven axes
ROBOT NAME: Famulus
Inventor: KUKA Robot Group
TIMELINE
DATE: 1975
SIGNIFICANCE: Programmable universal manipulation
arm, a Unimation product
ROBOT NAME: PUMA
Inventor: Victor Scheinman
HISTORY
Asimov also proposed three "Laws of Robotics" that his robots, as well as sci-fi
robotic characters of many other stories, followed:
Law One
A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human
being to come to harm.
Explanation: The primary and most fundamental law prioritizes the safety and well-being of humans. It
mandates that a robot must not take actions that could cause harm to a human being. Additionally, the robot is
obliged to intervene and prevent harm to humans if such harm is imminent and within its capability to prevent.
Law Two
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such
orders would conflict with the First Law.
Explanation: The second law emphasizes the importance of obedience to human commands, provided
that following those commands does not violate the First Law. This law recognizes the authority of humans
over robots but ensures that the robot's actions are always in line with the priority of human safety.
Law Three
A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not
conflict with the First or Second Law.
Explanation: This law acknowledges the self-preservation instinct within robots. While the robot is expected to
prioritize human safety and follow human commands, it is also allowed to take actions to ensure its own
survival, as long as those actions do not contradict the First or Second Law.
Assess your learning.
For number 1-3, identify what LAW is described in the statement below.
1. Law acknowledges the self-preservation instinct within robots
2. Law prioritizes the safety and well-being of humans.
3. This law recognizes the authority of humans over robots but ensures that the robot's
actions are always in line with the priority of human safety.
4. The date when the first programmable humanoid robot came out.
5. What was the name of the first robot with six electromechanically driven axes?
6. What was the word occurred in a play written by Czech playwright, Karl Capek in 1921?
7. What is the name of the robot associated by this picture
What is Robotics?
• Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with
the design, construction, operation and application
of robots and computer systems for their control,
sensory, feedback and information processing.
• These technologies deal with automated machines
that can take the place of humans in hazardous or
manufacturing processes, or simply resembles
humans.
Essential Characteristics of Robots
Sensing. The robot should be able to sense its
surroundings and that is only possible with the help
of sensors.
Types of sensors:
Light sensors(eye),
Hearing sensors(ear)
Chemical sensors(nose).
Essential Characteristics of Robots
Movement. A robot needs to be able to move around
its environment whether by rolling on wheels, walking,
snaking or skating.
Energy. A robot needs to be able to power itself which
depends upon its power resources (example: batteries,
power generators or fuel)
Intelligence. A robot needs to be intelligent and
smart which is only possible by the programmer
person.
Assess your learning.
Test I. Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best answer.
1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of robots?
a. Intelligence c. Lucrative
b. Sensing d. Movement
2. A robot is
a. Mechanical device c. Hazardous
b. Programmable d. Self control device
3. The following are the purpose of robots, except
a. do dangerous tasks
b. eliminate human beings
c. operate equipment
d. perform repetitive tasks
4. The following are the sensors of robots, except
a. physical c. light
b. Chemical d. hearing
5. Robots can perform a task without human intervention.
a. True b. False
6. Robots are intelligent because they are designed by human.
a. True b. False
7. This type of robot are designed to do household chores.
a. Mobile c. Industrial
b. Domestic d. Educational
8. Robots that move around on legs, tracks or wheels.
a. Industrial c. Mobile
b. Domestic d. Educational
9. Robolab, Rego and Robocup succer are examples of what type of
robot.
a. Educational c. Mobile
b. Domestic d. Industrial
10. This type of robot is used for welding, materials handing and
improving productivity.
a. Domestic c. Industrial
b. Mobile d. Educational
Test II. Enumeration.
1. List down five advantages and disadvantages of using robots in
our society. Provide examples.
References
https://www.analyticsinsight.net/top-10-best-robotics-project-ideas-for-engineering-students-in-
2022/
https://cs.stanford.edu/people/eroberts/courses/soco/projects/1998-
99/robotics/history.html#:~:text=The%20earliest%20robots%20as%20we,industry%2C%20but%2
0did%20not%20succeed.
https://slideplayer.com/slide/13000983/
https://www.sciencebuddies.org/blog/robotics-lessons
https://showmelibrarian.blogspot.com/2014/12/family-
bristlebot-challenge.html
https://www.sciencebuddies.org/blog/robotics-lessons
