Purpose Contrast Addition Concession Cause and effect

1. In order to+ (infinitive) 1. But 1. Both.. and +(gerund) 1. Although+(Subject/Gerund) 1. Because

=> Rim didn’t go to school
=>You always need to work hard =>She speaks French, but she =>Both reading and =>Although Ahmed is rich, he lives
because she was sick
in order to achieve your dreams. does not know English writing are important in a small house.
for learning languages
=>Ahmed lives in a small house, 2. Consequently
=>In order to achieve your 2. While
although he is rich. =>James squandered all his money
dreams, you always need to work 2. Too / as well
in a gambling game; consequently,
hard. => She likes living in the
2. Though+(Subject/Gerund) he turned into a very poor man
city, while her =>Albert likes drawing
2. To + (infinitive) husband prefers the and swimming too
countryside. =>Reading is very beneficial, though 3. Due to +(Gerund/noun)
some people think it is a waste of =>Due to smoking, people get sick
=>To have a car, you should save => He reads novels and
a lot of money. =>While she likes living in short stories as well time.
the city, her husband prefers =>He divorced his wife, due to
the countryside. => Though reading is very family problems.
=>You should save a lot of money 3. In addition to
beneficial, some people think it is a
to have a car.
3. On the other hand waste of time. 4. Thanks to + (Gerund/Noun)
=>In addition to
3. So as to +( infinitive) swimming, Albert likes 3. Even though+(Subject/gerund/noun)
=>Laptops are useful; on the =>Thanks to studying very hard,
drawing.
other hand, they can be very Brandi scored the highest mark in
=>Students study very hard so as =>Even though I like sports, I seldom
expensive. the quiz.
to get their baccalaureate =>Albert likes drawing practice it.
degree. in addition to swimming
=> Even though
=> Thanks to the development of
4. Whereas language, people learnt how to
=>So as to get their 4. Not only... but also
4. In spite of+(Gerund/noun) read and write.
baccalaureate degree, students
=>Mr. Bob is very rich
study very hard. =>Not only does he have =>In spite of preparing well, he still
whereas his brother is too 5. As a result
house, but he also has a didn’t pass the exam successfully.
poor.
4. So that (subject+modal+verb) car => We enjoyed our trip, in spite of the He was driving while he is drunk;
weather which was very hot as a result, he had a terrible
=>Societies read books so that 5. Moreover .
accident.
they could improve their intellect 5. Despite+(Gerund/noun)
=>He speaks French, => Despite the rain, she walked to 6. Therefore
=>She learns vocabulary so that English and Spanish; the station.
reading would be easier for her moreover, he is very =>He hadn’t slept well; therefore,
=> She walked to the station despite
good at mathematics he felt tired.
the rain
=>People plough their land so and physics 7. Thus
that rain would grow the crops. 6. Yet => They like fish; thus, they always
=>It was raining, yet Sally went out. buy it.
1. However (middle of the sentence) 8. Hence
=> I like movies very much; She broke her leg; hence, she
however, I don’t go to the cinema. couldn’t participate in the game.