&/o+/202 2 Date
Mansa
Page 1
CHAPTER - 2
Serual Rep ro ducHon in lowering Plant
t A(lo wer is a modified shoot
mlont for epro duhon
2 flower bear he reprodrciue
ongon whue gameteo ane PETAL
prooluced
3 Andro eeumstamn male
4
Gynocciurm /capel piato STAMEN
PISTIL
Pre fértosaton Euent LEAf
SEPAL
STEM
Anth us silobed with po ch
Cobe hawing tuo thu Calhaou)
POLLEN GRAIN
OLLEN
anthen is fo tA
silh d shue thure, SAC
LINE OF
DEHISCENCE
into pallen dac fILAMEN T
packad wlth polnjra
Date
2.
EPIDERMIS
ENDOTAECIUM
MIDDLE
LAYERS
TAPETUm
nouri_h- Tapetunm mTCROSPORE
epethilum
midd le endotheli um
CELL
layers
Protection
morosporogenis and formatien of poslen
grauns
MEIOSIS mE10SIS -II MICKOSPoRE
mICROSPORE
TE TRAD
mo TE R CEL
GERM toKE
VEGETATIVE
CELL
EXINE(6PO toPOLLE NIN
INTINE (CELLULOsE
AND PECTIN)
mcROSPORE mIcKoSPoRE
ENLAC GE GENERAIIVE CELL
poLLEN GRAIN
each
pollen 9rain ho tuo layered wal . outi
layer is alod eriu is made up of sporo
polenin and thu innen lyer calle itin is
mad ep c pchin and dlo enin show
proinnt apprat called gempare Cyporepolean
Mansa
Page 3
(Date.
9t is One Hu
poropolanin organic matie ad Can wuiHs tat
mature, it Contain tesa
wo
wn po llen gYaun s
getatie cll and
TUm
gem pox OProm whre polen tube
tube Gccr
sporopo llenin abpent.
egetai cu &i9 ger, hes abundant food
thoprc nucles.
Qenavatiu cell t is gpinola shope wit dene
ytaplosn and nuly.
44 Pietil/Can pel Gynoceium fnula part)
lower 1 pistl/canpel ’ moro coupellany
|Plever 2or non pistilmulicarpe lbary
ENIN) re carp
LOSE ’ynearpots apocarpot
eg papaya ithelia
ELL
STIGMA
HILUM
CARPEL FUNIC LE
mICROPYLE
INTEGUMENTS
-N UCELLUS
-t EmBREYo
SAC
CHA LAZAL
PGLE
Date Mansa 20ueat
Megosporangiun
structure
Th ouul is snall
ploceta
atached to the
salle calleo PLACENTA
by mians f oule
funicla T body ef in he fUNICLE
fuy with funilli
um. Hillm
region allid hileuyn,
YOVUL6
rprnt junciom be ture
oels ad uicle
Each ouul hay on or two CHALAZAL Pollinationi
EN D
pro teei leyes calloo inte NUCELLUS RAPHG
AN 1PONAL
aeunent ncirces the ove ITES mcr CELLS
Transfer pollan gr ain lron the opn d
encapt at th tip whu nall SAc PoLAR
an tth thu stamn to recepti re shgma
opesing calad mioropyle is CENTRALe NVCLEI the canzl is callad po lination.
present opposite to whc CeLL SYNERGI0
HILUrM
challzal nd is presnt
miCROPYCETLUNCULUS Augany Transfor po lun grain om
Mguprogens Smal
Ouel e9 parid what
ormathon me9asp orerom th
mgaspore mothu cll is allud measpor ogenin 1.2.| Cha moQamos lower: Thue a thoc bisenual
ASingk meg au por moth ell cs alfeYenhatad Jower which open at matuity
in th mirdpylay ngicn ths nuelus a and expoK stamen f eigma O
ovulu. I ncgos micsis and form a clwstr
g (o hoploid lls called mega sport tehad Ciestogamas (lour Th are 61 cerual
lowers ewhich do not pen at
his megaspor tehad, soon thrw degner ati all. n such plavts aelh
anelonl megaspo e brcorn funchonal liey elo do each ath
3. 2
pollenpollinar Zenoga
produtedina watn. thr Lt
pn
Is
Atiotic
waler
windl Agcnts
artlagrt
qaln ort
amout.
commen Pollinaton
ws fouanthlrTranl
atóthun
plant.
to'
shgrmo
polln
Nnéird,
rodnts agra
Brotic
Bato etc.Qt
mammals Humming
Biros-
wayps,
moth,
9ran Date
lizard,izard amohe Mansa
birc!sen
Bs - frem
S
3. 1
sticky
fncn
Light feathny
Po nectar gont not
llon stigma
tn in
Whn fho Pallenatn
Vallisnwia flowers a
9roun
amel qairs e polinat
-(oruer wind d
vallis
the
ismet pa
yr
neva
pastiely
oreuistellk Smal,
fekal
o y ths ’
fhalba
floating o
ck
me ind
iniolploy
ting pollinatd
foruer
ma& lover
oflerasére
mak(2
pollinahon 2 Proclu
larqc 2.
watu. Dat
Coil Thypollinateo
(arg, a tnsect
ote au lower Mansa
and and we
pollen eleared ihowlng
toccuns
ae
(Date Mansa
Cransy
ransy) an o
folinahon in wate
watu lul An thn clewica to prevent sll pa lination a
watn kyoina ourcr
abn t lnel
over emuges
Jino, inst .0 Pollen - Pistil intnocen C3mara
(3 )
watnl ey au pellinotot by
#
dpcies pollas A compatibl stant tto geeminahen
n ho painatt ano ane protctdn
long bbon ke
Tho intine qrous out throufh
weltiny 6y mucilagcnons coiring gem prbs to form pollen Mube th corttvt
(9mgho
f pollo graik mou into the polln tub
tt Outbruding dwices mspies whrc thu pollln 9ran
letr ensune CreS tuo
How does o biseru ad
pollinatin 2-(3mat)
Thy is Qnetic mechariem
cnel pruente a pollinatien
Po len tube entrcd
and reach
,Txary
ovelethrough microplor tnd
Vby inhibihing 9uminafen
msom 4peis,polen rela
grcuth
hot bynchronisd.
pousl
an stige
hn
eppara hs
Al thes enent
e
cn th <tima
rom thtildpositicn
entry
polen
po ller
eeplivitey a
thi pollekh s neleas fore he stigma bcome Idube into ovult ae colleciuely da lle
ecipine much seor thu rlo a polen-pisil in tera chon.
3. , anthn and an Th two wtnt that folorw poen pisthl
pla cedl af position so Hhat pollln can't
'Com in Cnto ct with
1"
2" Sgngamy
Date Mansa Mansa
polar nucu Doubu rhUsaton
Cnhal Vgtatme
qennatiwe
Poen tube fratsohcn ferHUsaHon
artpod Mate
pola uelei
Syurg:d mas gamtke t 99 cll
yarahy mat gamk t two n)
gantu
Arilicial Hyybridisahon i Thio echniqu tnsur(2n) PEN CPrimory
Cros poUn ath'on in PENC Prim) endosperm ale us)
bi gnua ploven.
4- Emas Culatcn to thu umonal #Post Fertilisaticn Grent
Las / toran from a bizaual
anths (A) Endosperm ond ombryo cvlopmsn
Loues sefort th polen grain
mature
6) matva hien ofol ovub int
(B)
2
baggng yes to the coving fermasculatd C) Ovarg into fruit
klover with a sutebe bag madl
butte paper. 7o pret con tom
maticm
ltu od itigrna with
Oh andeired po - 4) Endoprrn
frimang ndoypum ell clul tota f hme to
pusing
3.
an
pollen gran om pray udoypmic hece.
r starch- c9: whe at, ic te.
’emabopont Endospormt Oly - eg' coconut, castor ctc
bae nisnual
masculatien bet teelowr thn protu n - 9: maize pulbes
ho'ned m0
mae louert Dfony - eg: Dat
buco cu Baggd befor they opln
(Date
Mansa
Pogt12 Mansa
Ercopticn
Oeno hera
Gmbrtyagungy
Degentrating
Diploid endosperm-eg (3undrop
rchido4, 6cause alt
plant raciel
Endospwm absnt bources: PEC
2
Co tylelen
Endos pcvm frmahcn anti
Globular
plemuteU
Cmbreyo
Nudean
cellular endospcvm
endosperm
udean
O0otiston Seeo
cll
c l wall Bormaion
OClws, Qnd enospervm varis non alburinos et albunina
bcenmy cellula cocchut se seed
hae no resiclual ’ etain a pat
white kesnat (ttutor endotpeym as i
endorpexD as it is wsed
coccnt wein (nuclean) COmpleely consumed
olring tmbryo dluelo
dlerelop lnt.
whoat malU,
knon s
nuclly ar Qlso esistct whi th is
perisp.
Mansa Mansa
Dormany Comtnt is reolu ced ano e #Panlhnotaapic /ruits Fruih oleeob without
kreu relatiy qereal nlo futusahon
bousm slous
He stat
dbwn
inachvity.
ernbrcyo &nt Banana.
#pomirr's and
COat
Poyenbryony
mixopy Shoot Ppomiris - Deelopmt f sd without
endosper qpica lerh'sahon
merlsm
cokyluden
typocort
rOot axs
Adlventwe embryony 'Fornaton
phiticcells eg cins fruis
rencorp Thatomtt Rericorp
deed Parthunogeriss
endoare Ppospeny and Hpoga y ' fornatien cl
# rit nes o cOrp
Ofrem any ottud cele
frct byos
Pal rwt/ Poly cnlepny
naniy 2mbrcyoac reasens
peudocanh Gucanp
mere than cn e
’ The Prit olined
Krem thh ovany romovory 2. More hon Cu
cmbreya
along with
Hhaldnu.
3. OHuy cells lile Reynagiol o cells rom auellus
dhuelop into chtryo cihn frut, mango
Marsa
19/0423
qlun below is an ulorgd viwwf
cellb tat
hat gicy ma ture ane
Docibe the stuutn
g embryo porangtua
br to wth He
1
the pollen tu Nan a, b, c wal layer C
Mnton hu characherist and
mabport f mal
2 Na wo cls
tho malum wall ly&c
ond B:
A a
3.
ldertihy
gote A -folulaa embreyo B
matre emiryo
Why is bonana o as parthunotoipic
12-4 ¬xplain the mnonina3poric cvlpsnt
th o l
Qunoceum of o tloutr may be qpo Carp.
b. Draw mature
qittemogamous flonwering plastoCrsoollionk
a embryo apom
soc f an angios2 c oVle ano
abe any fon pant in it C2m)
2mj
Not all hydrophyts ane polinatd by
Explain thu mutually rdatenshi
S/w Yacca plant cnl reworcug
4. You aw Conouc
onolu ching aticial hutyili sation
papaya amo
anol pokato which Sn d thn wou
thu akp unascelaticn
Culatien bnd why
easem ? (2m)
