DRUG STUDY

NAME OF DRUGS CLASSIFICATION AND INDICATION AND ADVERSE NURSING

MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION EFFECT/SIDE EFFECT CONSIDERATION
ACTION

Hydralazine Classification: Indication: Adverse Effect: Nursing Consideration:

Hydrazinophthalazine • Chronic CNS: Anxiety. • Verify the patient’s
Brand Name: Derivatives hypertension Headache, identity.
Apresoline (Antihypertensive) • Hypertensive depression, • Check the doctor’s
Mechanism of Action: crisis dizziness, peripheral order.
Dosage: As direct vasodilator, • Severe Essential neuritis increased • Explain to the
5mg dilates arterioles with Hypertension GI: Nausea, patient about the
Frequency: little effect on vein, Contraindication: vomiting, diarrhea, purpose and the
decreases systemic Hypersensitivity to anorexia importance of the
Route of resistance, which hydralazine; coronary Constipation, drug.
Administration: subsequently artery disease; mitral Skin: Diaphoresis • Administer the
IV (Intravenous) decrease blood valvular rheumatic pruritus, urticaria, right drug.
pressure heart disease is rash. • Administer at the
contraindication for its CVS: Palpations, right time and right
use. tachycardia, and dose.
angina pectoris. • Advice the patient
to get up slowly
Side Effect: when rising from
CVS: Pounding/ fast sitting or lying
heartbeat. position.
GI: nausea and loss of • Documentation
appetite
Skin: rash, mild
itching, or skin
discomfort.
 NAME OF DRUGS CLASSIFICATION AND INDICATION AND ADVERSE EFFECT/SIDE NURSING
MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION EFFECT CONSIDERATION
ACTION

Amlodipine Classification: Indication: Adverse Effect: Nursing

Calcium Antagonist Amlodipine is used alone • Overdose may Consideration:
Brand Name: Mechanism of Action: or in combination with produce • Check for
Norvasc Amlodipine inhibits other medications as excessive history of
calcium movement management to lower peripheral allergies.
Dosage: across cardiac and blood pressure by relaxing vasodilation, • Check vital
5mg vascular smooth the blood vessels so that marked signs before
Frequency: muscle cell the heart does not have to hypotension giving
OD membranes during pump as hard. It is also with reflex medicine.
Route of depolarization. It used to treat certain types tachycardia, • Instruct
Administration: dilates coronary of anginas (chest pain) and syncope. patients to take
PO arteries, and and coronary artery • more frequent medication
peripheral arterioles. disease (narrowing of the or more severe without regard
It decreases total blood vessels that supply chest pain. to food.
peripheral vascular blood to the heart) • peripheral However, take
resistance and blood Contraindication: edema. the medication
pressure by • Hypersensitivity to • rapid, pounding, with meals if
vasodilation amlodipine or to its or irregular stomach upset
dosage form heartbeat. occurs.
components • Fainting. • Inform the
• Cardiogenic shock • Constipation patient that he
• Severe aortic Side Effect: may
stenosis • Headache experience
• Unstable angina • Dizziness side effects
• Severe • Drowsiness such as
 hypotension • Nausea nausea and
• Heart failure • Bradycardia vomiting
• Hepatic • orthostatic (instructed to
impairment hypotension eat small,
• Pulmonary • upset stomach. frequent meals
congestion • flushing if this happens)
• unusual fatigue and headache
or weakness (instructed to
adjust lighting,
noise, and
room
temperature).
• Inform patients
that
amlodipine
may make him
feel dizzy or
drowsy.
Instruct not to
do activities
that require
concentration
and alertness.
• Instruct the
patient to
report
immediately.
• feelings of
shortness of
breath,
irregular
 heartbeat,
swelling of the
hands or feet,
pronounced
dizziness, or
constipation

NAME OF DRUGS CLASSIFICATION AND INDICATION AND ADVERSE EFFECT/SIDE NURSING

MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION EFFECT CONSIDERATION
ACTION

HNBB (Hyoscine-N- Classification: Indication: Adverse Effect: Nursing

Butyl bromide – oral) Antispasmodic Drug Relief of smooth muscle • Tachycardia Consideration:
Mechanism of Action: spasms of the • Anaphylaxis
Brand Name: Hyoscine-N- gastrointestinal and • Heart failure
Buscopan butylbromide is a genitourinary systems and • Coronary heart
quaternary its associated pain or disease
Dosage: ammonium discomfort. • Cardiac
1 ampule antimuscarinic agent. Contraindication: arrhythmia
Frequency: It does not readily • Myasthenia gravies • Hypertension
q4 pass the blood-brain • Megacolon Side Effect:
Route of barrier. It's a • Hypersensitivity to • Dry mouth
Administration: competitive drug contents • Nausea
IM (Intramuscular) antagonist of the • Narrow angle • Decreased
IV (Intravenous) actions of glaucoma sweating.
acetylcholine and • Tachycardia • Flushing
 other muscarinic • Blurred Vision
agonists. The • Constipation
receptors affected are • Dizziness
those of peripheral
structures that are
either stimulated or
inhibited by
muscarine, exocrine
glands, smooth and
cardiac muscle

NAME OF DRUGS CLASSIFICATION AND INDICATION AND ADVERSE NURSING

MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION EFFECT/SIDE EFFECT CONSIDERATION
ACTION

Ceftriaxone Classification: Indication: Adverse Effect: Nursing

Cephalosporin Lower respiratory Injection site Consideration:
Brand Name: Ceftrisol Antibiotics infections caused by inflammation, rash,
Plus, Rocephin Mechanism of Action: Streptococcus pruritus, fever,
Ceftriaxone is a 3rd pneumonia, eosinophilia, urticaria,
Dosage: generation broad – Staphylococcus aureus, anaphylaxis, colitis,
2mg spectrum Haemophiles influenza, E. diarrhea, nausea, and
Frequency: cephalosporin coli, Enterobacter vomiting,
OD antibiotic. It binds to 1 aerogenes. pseudomembranous
Route of or more penicillin – Intra-abdominal infections colitis.
Administration: binding proteins caused by E. coli,
IV (Intravenous) (PBPs) inhibiting the Klebsiella pneumoniae.
final transpeptidation Contraindication:
step of peptidoglycan • Contraindicated in
synthesis in the patients
bacterial cell walls, hypersensitive to
leading to bacterial drug or other
cell lysis and death. cephalosporins.
• Use cautiously in
patients
hypersensitive to
penicillin because
of possibility of
cross-sensitivity
with other beta-
lactam antibiotics.
• To reduce
development of
drug-resistant
bacteria and
maintain
effectiveness of
antibacterial drugs,
use drug only to
treat or prevent
infections proven
or strongly
suspected to be
caused by bacteria.
• Use cautiously in
patients with
 history of colitis,
renal insufficiency,
or GI or gallbladder
disease.

NAME OF DRUGS CLASSIFICATION AND INDICATION AND ADVERSE NURSING

MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION EFFECT/SIDE EFFECT CONSIDERATION
ACTION

Azithromycin Classification: Indication: Adverse Effect: Nursing

Macrolides Treatment of lower Mild to moderate Consideration:
Brand Name: Mechanism of Action: respiratory infections: nausea, vomiting, • Tell the patient
Zithromax Azithromycin is a Acute bacterial abdominal pain, to take the drug
macrolide antibiotic exacerbations of dyspepsia, flatulence, as prescribed,
Dosage: under the azalide COPD due to diarrhea, cramping; even after she
500mg group. It inhibits RNA – Haemophiles angioedema, feels better.
Frequency: dependent protein influenzae, Moraxella cholestatic jaundice; • Tell the patient
OD x 5 days synthesis by binding to catarrhalis, dizziness, headache, to report
Route of the 50s ribosomal Streptococcus vertigo, somnolence; adverse effect.
Administration: subunit, preventing the pneumonia; transient elevations of
IV (Intravenous) translocations of community-acquired liver enzyme values.
peptide chains. pneumonia due to
Pneumonia, Influenzas
 Contraindication:
Contraindicated with
hypersensitivity to
azithromycin,
erythromycin, or any
macrolide antibiotic.
Use cautiously with
gonorrhea or syphilis,
pseudomembranous
colitis, hepatic or renal
impairment, lactation.

NAME OF DRUGS CLASSIFICATION AND INDICATION AND ADVERSE NURSING

MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION EFFECT/SIDE EFFECT CONSIDERATION
ACTION

NAC (N-Acetyl Classification: Indication: Adverse Effect: Nursing

Cysteine) Mucolytic Agents • Acetaminophen Anaphylaxis and Consideration:
Mechanism of Action: toxicity hypersensitivity
Brand Name: NAC by itself also • Post liver reactions causing
Mucomyst binds to the toxic transplant. flushing, urticaria,
metabolites and • Acute liver failure angioedema, nausea,
Dosage: scavenges free • Adjunctive therapy vomiting, tachycardia,
600mg in ½ glass H2O radicals. It also in patients with hypotension,
Frequency: increases oxygen abnormal or viscid bronchospasm, chest
BID delivery to tissues, mucous secretions tightness,
Route of increases in disagreeable odor,
Administration: mitochondrial ATP bronchopulmonary drowsiness, fever,
PO production, and alters diseases, hemoptysis,
the microvascular pulmonary increased volume of
 tone to increase the complications of bronchial secretions.
blood flow and oxygen surgery, and cystic
delivery to the liver fibrosis.
and other vital organs. Contraindication:
In patients with a prior
history of hypersensitivity
to any of the ingredients.
Also, in asthmatics and
patient with history of
bronchospasm.

OTHER THINGS THAT ADMINISTERED TO THE PATIENT

HYPOGLYCEMIA PROTOCOL

CBG ≥100mg/dL – 20 cc D5050

≥80mg/dL – 30cc D5050

≥60mg/dL – 50cc D5050

Losartan 50 mg tab 1 tab OD

( 3/22/24)D5LRS 1L x 8 hours (3/25/24) D5LRS 1L x 16hours

(3/24/24) D5LRS 1L x 16 hours (3/25/24) Nicardipine Side Drip

(90cc D5W + 10 mg nicardipine) x 15 gtts min