Characteristics of Botryosphaeria dothidea and their management in Korea
2023 년 12 월 19 일
석사과정, 임광재
Botryosphaeriales is a large group of fungi belonging to the Ascomycota that are reported from
a variety of climates, and they are associated with branch, twinge, leaf, fruit and seed diseases[1].
Recently, the importance of fungi species belonging to this family has been increasing due to
climate change and globalization[2]. Botryosphaeriaceae species are distributed worldwide, and
this characteristic is due to the characteristics that they have a latent phase as endophytes [3].
Botryosphaeria dothidea (B. dothidea) also has a latent phase characteristic, and 405 hosts have
been reported for this species recently[4]. B. dothidea is also capable of host jumping like other
Botryosphaeriales fungi, and a total of 20 hosts (Malus, Prunus, pyrus, vitis, ect.) have been
reported in Korea[5].
B. dothidea causing disease on trunk, branch, rootstock, and fruit, and its symptoms also vary
from rot, canker, wart, discoloration, necrosis, etc.[6]. General disease cycle of B. dothidea is
primarily infection through flower buds or wounds, symptoms occur, secondary infection,
overwintering, and spore relase[7]. However, many reports have found that B. dothidea has a
latent phase makes them infects both native and non-native plants as seeds, seedlings, and trees
which are exported and imported through trade[4]. B. dothidea also has similar morphological and
cultural characteristics to aligned species, and these features make identification difficult. Since
Jacobs&Rehner published a study on phylogenetic analysis using the ITS region in 1998, many
studies have re-established the phylogenetic relationship of fungi belonging to B. dothidea[8].
In Korea, surveys conducted from 1992 to 2000 and 2013 to 2014 reported white rot disease
caused by B. dothidea in various regions, and damage caused by B. dothidea is still being
reported in many orchards[9]. To control this disease, fungicides with various modes of
action(MOA) have been registered, and fungicides with MOAs of QoI, DMI, and Multi site are
mainly used. However, there are reports of resistance of B. dothidea in many studies, so fungicides
should be used appropriately in the future.
1) Slippers et al., Diversity in the Botryosphaeriales: Looking back, looking forward. Fungal Biology 2017; 121:307-21.
2) Sakalidis et al., The challenge of understanding the origin, pathways and extent of fungal invasions: global populations of the
Neofusicoccum parvum/N. ribis species complex. Diversity and Distributions 2013; 19:873-1094.
3) Batista et al., What Do We Know about Botryosphaeriaceae? An Overview of a Worldwide Cured Dataset. Foests 2021; 12: 313.
4) Marsberg et al., Botryosphaeria dothidea: a latent pathogen of global importance to woody plant health. Molecular Plant
Pathology 2017;18:477-88.
5) Batista et al., Botryosphaeriaceae species on forest trees in Portugal: diversity, distribution and pathogenicity. European Journal
of Plant Pathology 2020; 158: 693-720.
6) List of Plant Diseases in Korea 2023. Available in: https://genebank.rda.go.kr/plntDissInfoMain.do.
7) Moral et al., Etiology of Branch Dieback and Shoot Blight of English Walnut Caused by Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthe
Species in Southern Spain. Plant Disease 2019;104:553-50.
8) Jacobs et al., Comparison of cultural and morphological characters and its sequences in anamorphs of Botryosphaeria and
related taxa. Mycologia 1998; 90:601-10.
9) Cheon et al., Survey of Major Leaf Disease Occurred on Apple Tree in Korea from 1992-2010. Research in Plant Disease 2018; 24:
249-56.
