Be an Explorer Social Studies Teacher Resource Manual By Seema Awasthi (MA, B.Ed, NTT) Principal De Indian Public Schoo! B FOREVER BOOKS PVT. LTD. Striving for Education Equality 4589/15, Daryagany 10 002; PO Box Phone: O11 43 Email info@torev a Cade 120 Website wont ISBN 000-00-00000-00-0 TECode | AACCFS424G ‘Reserved withthe publishersCONTENTS Sr No. Lesson Page No. (fextbook answers) i Map and Globe 5 2. Latitudes and Longitudes 5 3. Movements of the Earth 7 4. Weather and Climate 8 5. Major Landforms 9 6. Democratic Republic of Congo 10 (The Land of Dense Forests) te Saudi Arabia 1 (A Country in the Hot Desert Region) 8. Greenland 12 (A Land in the Tundra Region) 9. The Prairies (Temperate Grasslands) 13 10. Transport 14 11. Communications 15, 12. The World of Growing Knowledge 16 13. Pollution and Conservation of the Environment 17 14. Natural Disasters 18 15. Colonial India 19 16. India’s Freedom Struggle 20 lis The Government of India 21 18. The United Nations 22 19. Nobel Laureates from India 24Map and Globe Latitudes and Longitudes QUICK ZONE (c)_ The whole of the Earth (@) Africa (a) Atlantic Ocean @ 7 (@) North Earth 2. symbols, signs Australia 4. Blue map False 2 False False 4. True ‘True Git) 2 tiv) 4 Ww) aid WRITING ZONE Ascaleis a ratio between the distance on a map and the actual distance on the ground. On a 1:100000 seale map, 1m on the map equals 1 km on the ground. A globe is a model of the earth. It gives us the shape, size and location of continents and oceans on the earth. Page 17 Let’s Explore Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Gabon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, On a globe, only one-half of the earth can be seen at one time. We have to rotate it to see the other parts. [tis not easily carried anywhere. On the other hand, a map is the representation of the earth on a flat surface. It gives us detailed geographical information. It is also easy to carry around. 3. The signs, symbols, and scale on a map comprise the ‘language of a map’. 4. Different colours are used to show different features on a map. The height of the land and depth of the water are shown through shades of colour that vary from dark to light. Eg.— Oceans, seas, lakes, rivers are shown in blue colour; high mountains are shown in dark brown colour; while plains are shown in green. 5. 3 types of maps are: Physical, Political and Thematic. INTERACT ZONE Students will write the answers themselves. Answers will var} FUN ZONE Students will do the activity themselves. Kenya, Sao Tome and Principe, Somalia, the Maldives, Indonesia, Kiribati. Page 18 Let's Explore Africa, 5D. 1. 2 3. 4, 1 3. 5. 1. 5. 1. 3. 5. QUICK ZONE WRITING ZONE (a) 0° Latitude 1. 1, South Pole fa) Latitudes 2. Equator (©) International Date Line 3. Northern Hemisphere (© Tropic of Cancer 4, Southern Hemisphere Ge) London: 5. North Pole Spherical 2. North Pole 2. Parallels amid, meridians form a . . : network of lines that is called a grid. Prime Meridian 4, Longitudes 3. (a) Fauator Meridians ) Tropic of Cancer a) &. Rules (c) Tropic of Capricorn False 4. False (@) Arctic Circle Bales (©) Antaretie Circle &) 2 dd) (f) North Pole © 4, (@) (g) South Pole © (h) Difference between latitudes and longitudes. Latitudes Longitudes © These are horizontal circles ‘These are vertical and semi-circular lines + They run in east-west direction ‘They run in north-south direction. * Total number of parallels is 181. ‘Total meridians are 360. * 0° latitude is called equator. 0° Longitude is called Prime Meridian, * ‘They are parallel to one another. ‘They are not parallel, meet poles. * Their length decreases as we move towards the poles. They are of the same length. @) The 0° longitude is called the Prime Meridian. It divides the earth into Eastern Hemisphere and Western Hemisphere. It is also known as Greenwich Meridian as it passes through the Royal observatory at Greenwich near London. INTERACT ZONE 1. Asia, Australia 2. Australia 3. Greenland (@) ) © @ @) oO ®) a @ @ FUN ZONE row 7, column B. row 5, column C row 3, column B row 7, column G row 5, column F row 1, column D row 6, column D row 1, column G row 6, column A. row 3, column E,1 Movements of the Earth HAPPINESS AROUND US (a) DetniC BEDE -77.230003°E. 19.0760°N T2.871TE 13.067439°N 80.237617°E_ ) Mumbai (e) Chennai Page 26 Let’s Explore Aurora Borealis, Aurora Australis. 2 QUICK ZONE (b) 365% days (©) day and night (a) summer (a) twice rotation revolution summer, winter, spring, autumn. orbit False 2 False ‘True 4. True @ 2 () fe) 4. tb) fa) WRITING ZONE ‘The movement of the earth on its own axis is called rotation. The movement of the earth around the sun in a fixed path is known as its revolution. Rotation of the earth causes days and nights. Since the earth is spherical '22.5726°N @) Kolkata 88.3639°E, 26.44°N (e) Kanpur " ) + crossing way: b SS Seen on — Pavement Sign area, Seen on — Construction sites Communications A QUICK ZONE 1. @) 2. (b) 3. () 4. () 5. () 1. Fire 2. Martin Cooper Mass 4, NTT 5. Internet Pigeon England ‘The Bengal Gazette Cinema (Movie) Artificial satellites 15 — Do not enter a particular 1. True 2, True 3. False 4. True 5. False 1.) 2 Gi) 3. i) 4. (iv) 5. (ii) WRITING ZONE 1. Communication is the exchange of information, thoughts, feelings and ideas,2 The Penny Post Service was the postal service, introduced in England, in which the message could be sent through a horse rider by paying a Penny. The Penny Post used a kind of stamp on the letters to show that it had been paid for. 3. Examples of Personal communica- tion— Postal services, telegraph, telephone, fax, email, ete. (any two) Examples of mass communication— magazines, newspapers, radio, TV, internet, cinema, etc. (any two) 4, A computer is the most effective and fastest means of communication. By using internet on a computer, one can search any information through various websites, can do video-chatting, video-conferencing send and receive e-mails, do online shopping, online reservations and so on, 1G —(a) Large-sized mobile phones. (b) limited number of users and call coverage. The World of Growing Knowledge Page 100 Let’s Explore Bhimbetka, Ajanta Caves, Bagh Caves, ete. Page 102 Let’s Explore 100 — C, 500 —D 1000 — M, 5000 —V QUICK ZONE A. 1. (a) India 2. (@) Wallls of eaves 16 3G — (a) Higher data rate. (b) video calling. 5 G — (a) Coverage is expected to improve. (b) Enhanced spectral efficiency. (Students will write any 2 features for each. (Answers will vary). INTERACT ZONE Students will do the activity themselves. 1 FUN ZONE Name: Swiggy Use: Order food online Name: Ola cabs Use: Book cab to go anywhere Name: Whats App Use: Send messages, pictures, videos to large number of people free of cost. Name: Instagram Use: Capture, edit and share photos, videos and messages with friends and family. (b) Devanagri (b) Germany (c) India Bible 2. Louis Braille 24 4, Brahmi Script True 2, ‘True False 4, ‘True True ii) 2. Gi) w@ 4. (v) Gv)1. 3. 4, Pollution and Conservation of WRITING ZONE A script is a system of writing using letters, signs, symbols, pictures, ete. ‘The script of Hindi is Devanagri. A number isa symbol called numeral used for counting, measurement and labelling. India gave the concept of ‘er0". Johannes Gutenberg, Germany. Braille Script was invented by Louis Braille in which letters are formed by raised dots on thick paper. the Environment Page 111 Let's Explore Mobile, Computer, Laptops, TV, ete. Page 113 Let's Explore Donate to poor children. (Answers will vary) QUICK ZONE AL (a) Air 2. (©) Chemical fertilizers 3. (d)_ noise 4. (b) Oil spill B. 1. Pollutants 2 Global 3. Waste 4. Composting 5. Misuse ©. 1. True 2 False 3. False 4. True D. 1. ii) 2 @ 3. iv) 4. Gi) 5. wid 6 Ww) 5. Uses of paper — (a) writing books (b) printing press. INTERACT ZONE Students will do the activity themselves. FUN ZONE Students will do the activities themselves. HAPPINESS AROUND US: 1, Donot smoke 2, There is a danger/dangerous thing 8. Use a dustbin to throw garbage 4, Donot tallySilent Zone WRITING ZONE 1. The addition of harmful substances into the environment, that alters it, is known as pollution. 'Types— water pollution, air pollution, land/soil pollution and noise pollution. 2. Causes of noise pollution— loud music, horn blowing, loudspeakers, firecrackers, factories. Causes ofland pollution—excessive use of chemicals and fertilizers in farms, improper disposal of garbage, mining activities, use of non-biodegradable things like plasties. 3. Effects of Air pollution— (a) leads to an increase in asthma cases and bronchitis. (b) irritation in eyes. (c) damages lungs (@) smog (e) Acid rain, vvEffects of water pollution— (a) leads to diseases like typhoid, dysentery, ete. (b) harmful for marine animals. (©) unfit for cooking and drinking. Sources of waste— (a) Domestic waste— fruits, vegeta- bles peel, ete. 4, (b) Industrial waste— chemical, old machines, ete. (©) Commercial waste—leftover food, plastic bottles, ete, Natural Disasters Page 119 Let’s Explore Uttarakhand, Nicobar Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Page 120 Let’s Explore Band-aid, scissors, dettol, cotton, antiseptic cream, ete. Page 121 Let’s Explore Southern and eastern Maharashtra, northern Karnataka, Rajasthan, Odisha, Tamil Nadu. QUICK ZONE (b) Floods (a) Cyclone (a) Richter seale AL 2. 3. 4, 1 3. (© drought B. 2 4, Drought, ‘Tsunamis Avalanches First-aid 18 (@) Agricultural waste—husks, straw ete. 5. Waste management is necessary because improper disposal of waste causes health problems and spreads diseases. 6. Landfill, Burning, Dumping, Composting. 7. Three Rs mean— Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. INTERACT ZONE Students will do the activity themselves. G1 3. L 3. False ‘True dv) w@ 2 4. 2 4. False ‘True ii) Gi) WRITING ZONE Events, caused by the imbalance of nature, that lead to destruction on a large scale, over which we have D. 1 little or no control, is called natural disaster. Earthquakes lead to collapse of buildings, destruction of life and property, damage to transport and communication networks. You can take some precautions during an earthquake as follow — (a) Ifyou are inside a building, take shelter undera strong table orbed. (b) Try to move to an open area. (©) Use a staircase instead of a lift,3. 4, (@) Do not stand under or near trees and electric poles. Causes of floods — (a) excessive rain. (b) collapse of a dam. (c) sudden melting of snow in the mountains (@) landslides (e) occurrence of tsunamis and cyclones (a) Avoid deforestation and encourage afforestation (h) Practise rainwater harvesting. (©) Donot waste water. Colonial India Page 133 Let's Explore Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Dadabhai Naoroji, Surendranath Banerjee, Pherozeshah Mehta, ete, AL 2. 3. 4, 5. BL QUICK ZONE (b) Portuguese ic) 1600 (©) Bengal (a) France (b) Lord Dalhousie Jahangir Plassey Burma Subsidiary 1905 (d) Grow drought-resistant plants and crops. (e) Grow more and more plants. 5. A landslide is a natural disaster that occurs due to heavy rainfall or an earthquake. It leads to cracks in rocks and moves down a slope or a mountain side. 6. Cyclones are violent storms accompanied by heavy rain and strong winds that cause floods and huge tidal waves in coastal areas. Some cyclones that have struck India are — Hudhud, Phailin, Nilofar, Fani. (any two) INTERACT ZONE Students will do the activity themselves. C. 1. True 2 3. ‘True 4. 5. True D. 1. Gi) 2 Civ) 3.) 4. Git) 5. WRITING ZONE 1. Togain control of the trade, the British established the English East India Company in 1600. 2. The Battle of Plassey was fought in 1757. The result was that the British army won the battle, 8. Causes of the failure of the Revolt of 1857 were as follows: (a) Tt was not well organised. 19(b) Weak leadership of Bahadur Shah, Zafar. (©) People were not fighting for a single cause. (d) Indian soldiersneither had enough, money nor enough weapons to continue the revolt. India’s Freedom Struggle Page 138 Let's Explore Lal Bahadur Shastri QUICK ZONE A. 1. (@) 1919 2 (a) 1922 3. (b) Lahore 4, () Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose B. 1. 1393 2. Amritsar 3. Ali 4. Khilafat and Non-Cooperation 5. Lord Mountbatten ©. 1. True 2. False 3. ‘True 4. True 5. False D. 1 Ww) 2 ii 3. (iv) 4. (ii) 5. (i) WRITING ZONE 1. ‘The Rowlatt Act was passed in 1919 by the British Government. The Act gave the British the power toarrestany one and send him/her to jail without trial, 20 4, A.O. Hume founded the Indian National Congress in 1885. 5. Bengal was partitioned in 1905. It resulted in strong opposition from the Indians. Swadeshi and Boycott movements were launched. INTERACT ZONE Students will do the activity themselves. 2. Maulana Muhammad Aliand Maulana Shaukat Ali started the Khilafat Movement to protect the Khalifa of Turkey against the divisive policies of Allies after Turkey was defeated in the First World War. The three movements started by Gandhiji were the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Civil Disobedience Movement and the Quit India Movement. (Students will explain any one of these movements in brief). (Answers will vary). The Lahore session of 1929 was important because— 3. (a) The Congress demanded Purna Swaraj. (b) 26% January was tobe celebrated as Independence Day. (c) Civil Disobedience Movement was to be launched in 1930. Subhas Chandra Boseis called ‘Netaji’. He coined three Slogans— ‘Delhi Chalo” 5. ‘Give me blood. I'l give you freedom’. ‘Jai Hind?INTERACT ZONE ‘Students will do the activity themselves. FUN ZONE Rowlatt Act Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre Non-Cooperation Movement. (@)_ Demand for Purna Swaraj (e) Quit India Movement. B. Students will do the activity themselves. A. fa) b) © The Government of India Page 150 Let’s Explore UP, Bihar, Karnataka, Andhra Predesh, Maharashtra and Telangana. Page 151 Let’s Explore Students will write the answer themselves. QUICK ZONE A. 1. (©) Upper 2. (a) 552 3% @) Byears 4, (b) President B. 1. President, The Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha 2. Rajya Sabha 3 Governor 4, Vidhan Parishad 5. Democratic C. 1. False 2 True 3. True 4. False 5. False HAPPINESS AROUND US We should not use bad words for any one. 2. We should not tease animals. 3. We should not fight with any one. Students will write the answers themselves. (Answers will vary). Al D. 1. Gi) 2 (wid 3. (w) 4° 5. tiv) 6. (ii) WRITING ZONE 1. Democratic government is a type of government in which people have the right to elect their leaders who, then, on behalf of the people, govern the country. 2. The three organs of the government— (a) Legislature— It makes the laws for the country. (b) Executive— It implements the laws. (©) Judiciary— It solves the disputes and protects the rights of the people. 8. The government at the centre is formed through Lok Sabha elections, held after every five years. For the purpose of elections, the entire country is divided into constituencies. One representative is elected as an MP from each constituency. The party that gets the highest number of seats in the Lok Sabha forms the government. 214, The Governor is appointed by the President. 5. All the citizens of India, who are above 18 years of age, have the right to vote in the elections. The United Nations Page 159 Let’s Explore Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola, Somalia, Liboria, Haiti ete, (Answers will vary) Page 161 Let's Explore Ajanta Caves, Ellora Caves, Taj Mahal, Sun ‘Temple, Kaziranga National Park, Khajuraho Monuments, Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers, ete. (Answers will vary) A QUICK ZONE 1914-18 1939-45 New York Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit Anténio Guterres 1, {e) id fa) © @ (b) League ‘The Hague Germany 193 Security Council Secretariat 22 1 INTERACT ZONE People casting their votes in an election at polling booth. Yes, it is necessary to cast one’s vote in the election because it is our right as well as our duty to elect our government. Each vote has an equal value. True False False False ‘True False tiv) 2 Ww) Gi 4.) 6. (vii) (viii) 8. (vi) WRITING ZONE League of Nations. No, it has failed in its aim to bring peace among nations. Objectives of UN— (a) to maintain peace and security in the world and settle disputes between countries by peaceful means. (b) to promote friendly relations among the nations. and (©) to remove poverty ‘unemployment.(a) to promote respect for human rights. (e) toimprove the living standards of the people ‘The flag of the United Nations has a world map surrounded by olive branches with a light his background, ‘The olive branches symbolise peace. ‘The General Assembly, The Security Council, The Economie and Social Council, The Trusteeship Council, The International Court of Justice, The Secretariat. . ‘To maintain peace in the world and to see that there are no wars . There are five permanent members in the UN have veto power. It is the special power by which these members take a decision, If four members are in favour but one says ‘No’, then the decision of the four cannot be implemented. This is called veto power. 6. The International Court of Justice deals with international legal matters and settles disputes between different countries. It is located at the Hague, Netherlands. 7. Four specialised agencies of the United Nations are the World Health Organisation, UN International Children’s Emergeney Fund and Food and Agricultural Organisation and the U.N. Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation. INTERACT ZONE Students will do the activity themselves. FUN ZONE India China ‘The United States of America Russian FederationNobel Laureates from India Page 169 Let's Explore Malala Yousafzai Al 2 3. 4, 5. BOL 2 3. 4, 5. cL 3. 5. DL 3. 5. 1 QUICK ZONE (b) Nobel Laureate (a) Alfred Nobel (b) Rabindranath Tagore (©) Dr Ronald Ross (b) welfare economics Nobel Prize suffering humanity Kailash Satyarthi orphanage 1913 ‘True 2. False True 4. False ‘True Gi) 2 tiv) (w) 4. (iii) @ WRITING ZONE ‘The Swedish scientist Alfred Nobel decided to donate all his wealth for some good cause that would help humanity. So, in his will he said that all his wealth should be used to award Nobel prizes to people who had done extraordinary work in physics, chemistry, peace, economics and literature. They were different because they had done work in the United States. 24 Subrahmanyan Chandrashekhar got the Nobel Prize for his studies on the structure and evolution of the stars. Venkatraman Ramakrishna got the Nobel Prize for his studies on the structure and function of the ribosome in our cells, 3. Ross wrote a funny poem on the discovery saying—‘With tears and toiling breath, I find thy cunning seeds, O million-murdering Death.” 4, He worked towards rescuing children from child labour, slavery and prevented them from being sold to other people, He founded Bachpan Bachao Andolan, Global March Against Child Labour, Global Campaign for Education ete, 5. Persons who have done extraordinary work from India in literature, physics, economies, science, social work, medicine have got the Nobel Prize. INTERACT ZONE Students will do the activity themselves. FUN ZONE 1. —Rabindranath Tagore. 2. —Nirmal Hriday 3. —Venkatraman Ramakrishna 4, —Kailash Satyarthi 5. —Venkatraman Ramakrishna 6. —Dr.C. V. Raman 7. —Dr Hargobind Khurana