: + Diesel inJect ion Fundomentals« (ay +i215 a super high Pressure and m : echani Fuel directly into engine Com eee re aes sitis relatively simPle. «it uses mechaniGl PumP as the main Control of engine's mixture «Basic Diesel inJection 3ystens aitis @nsists of: ‘ff InJection Pum P fe itis high Pressure and mechani Cal PumP | Lit meters the @rrect amount of fuel to each in a} Tagection Lines sts high strength ond steel tu diag rayector Nozzle Jector Nozz le \« “ait Carrves fuel te each ‘By Injector Nozzle aibtisia =Pring- Loaded valve. + SPYay fuel inte each Combustion Chamber Hl Glow P Jugs « they ere electri « warm ait 10 Pre- Combustion [5] piesel fuel supply systert : pends Fuel Grom the Fact tenk #8 segectionPumP, .Diesel sjection PumP: ait has several imPortent function 4-melers te correct amount of fuel te each injector. p-circulates fuel through fuel Lines and NoZzle- 3- Pro duces c heat ing elements chember te aid storing of Gold engine high fuel Pressure- y-Time Fuel iapection 5 Canto engine idle speed and maximum. enthine Lee. G- Provides a mean of shutting off the engine. zit is belted f the side or toP of the erdine-pi a ie wJection PumPs. i eS one PumPing Plunger (Piste the Pomibing’Plisger are Lined es engine c{linder. sikis Consists of ed © @ Camshaft sit has Lebes an engine ine @ 2 +when engine turns the Pash -the Lobes Pushon rol tap pets te move them uPand down. a @® Roller tapPets «transfer Camshaft action tothe PumP Plunger. aYollers yeduce friction and wear on Cam Lobes. @ Plungers na «small Pistons that Push on and i ji «nal isons tet Pet on eee actor ile @ Control Red or Rack itis toothed shaft aitacts as a throttle te Control diesel engine sPeed and Power. ait rotates the Control sleeves. © Delivery valves a they are SPreng “Loaded Valve s it. outlet fitting te inJection Lines. « they helP assure quick and Leak- free closing isJector Nezzle- PumP oPeration.« in-line idjection } J when engine Yanning, ingection PunP Comsheft rotates ot L emjnes Peed. the fuel suPPly Pam? Givts the barrel with fuel. ea ie ‘s)att Lobes forGes ‘he veller ta ppet , the Plunger rs Forced upward inits barrel. the fuel is forced Yhrough delivery Vall out the ywozzle «and ato the engine 5. the Plunger reaches the end of its stro delivers valve Closes: e action helPs to Prom dts PRD out of 3- when je « through wigection Line « ke the Pressure dro?s and veduce ingection Line Pressure, a dolivery valv sapect ton Nozzle. KeePing fuel4IN-Line inJection PumP pee aan umP fuel metering « oe atre amount of Fuel imyected into Bie th a rack slides across the Control sleeves terotate “th pamgo ct « heli f (spiral) shaPed 4feove and aslot cut imto a & ide o Plunger swhen helix is aligned with the Port (hole) in side of barrel , Plunger Cannect develoP Pressure- 4 Fuel will flow down Slot ,thYough helix groove.and out the Port- «ef fective Plunger stroke + 4 of Plunger movement that Pressurvzes fuel. el delivered to iagectors- is Not aligned with barrel Port, aitis amoun ait controls amount of fu | 4 when Plunger moves uP and helix Suel ietrapped and Pressur' Zed- £ | sleeve votation regu lates how much fuel von PumP Govern ors wit used to Control engine idle sPeed and to b ait uses Cent ti fuga weights , sPIig>> and Levers- _ Levers are Connected to Control Tack or Tod: when engine = feed inCVeaSe 5 the governor weights are thrown outward: this moves the Levers and Control yack to reduce effect ve Plunger tro Ke es dyvver out Pud are limi ted- Pedal for more Power, PumP governor: 2 fuel delivery effective rs ingecte id. 4 IN-Line imgect imit maximum sPeed- « Engine speed it moves throttle we tate the Jas de of ingection lever on 5* athe Control reck is moved to anata fae plunger atroke is increase and eng ine Power at Level , the governor over Gomes ine RPM reaches «Presi dle lever s Pring Pressure- «when en throa + Diesel mnJector Nozzles sthes ave spring -Loaded Ualves that sPra Ldi ' Pre Combustion Chamber ay fuel directly into engine 4 they are threaded ito y Linder Head. sit ts @nsists o 4. heat shield . q- injector sPring 2. iJector body 5. tiJector Pressure Chomb 3- needle Valve b- Return i a injector Nozzle oPerations im? Produces high Pressure y fuel Plows *Yous h inJection Line and into salet of tifection No Zzle- 2- fuel flows down through fuel Passage in ingector body and rato te Sp Pressure Chamber. 3- the needle is forced uPward , ComPressing the SPIing - y. fuel SPrajs out in Cone shaPed Patt ern A. Fuel Leaks Past the inpector needle and returns te the fuel tank through the return Lines - «Ingector Nozzle Ty Pes» 4. Tnward opening inyector Nozzle - io outward oPeniny inyector Nozzle- 3. Printle tng ector Nozzle y- Hole wap ector Nozzle 4 Glow Plugs: ath heating elements ¥ “to helP Dart a@ld diesel engine. a they are +h readed into holes in the cglinder heed. sibis simPls on electric heating element. 23 low Plus Control circuit autemats Cally turns alow Plugs oF F after o few Second of operation qwater Detectors aitused to warn driver of water sa the diesel fuel. isn rs Very harmful to diesel fuel system « waterand other conta mina 4h fuel and Can Guse rreston of the Pre Cision Parts iajectors t-when ingector Pu thet warm the air in Pre@mbustion chamber awater mikes wi in the eayection PumP and« fuel Heater» sitused towarm thediesel fuel Bl » Preventing the fuel from Fellsny in Very Cod weather: oa cbis simply electric heating element in the fuel line ahead of the injection PumP. | | 4 GomPuder- Gnt rolled Diesel « \ | ait uses a ComPuter, Sensers, ond actuators Lo increase the efficiency of mechoniGel diesel sAyectren- ainjectron Pum? selenoids+ sitused fo Control rigection timing and rigection Yuan tity. « they @ntrolled hy the ComPuter- . Diesel inj ection sensors+ a they are used to mont zor er] ine | | ten Perature, sPeed , and other variables tet affect fuel needs. a sensor feeds signals tothe ComPuter. | 4. Diesel injection Computers * . r pose US aRitsland Calculates te out Puts foractuators. Precisel control the mechaniGl » high Pressure PumPing Plungers | | inside the dresel sagection Pum ae | 0 aida Li se | 4. Discuss with sketch the mechaniGl diesel nein om its fuel metervag system ysten sand 9- How diesel mapect sipten) 2D escrs ion sjster. Con Gnbrol. the anwunt of fuel (fuel metering be with sketch es.« Requirement of diesel raJectro rr. ton system» = ( \2p ize 1. the fuel should be introduced inte ie bustion pind, within a Precisely de fined Period of He epbied cycle. 2- amount of fuel rajected Per ojcle should be metered accurately 3. the rate of tajection should be such that *t results'n the desired heat released Pattern. 4- thequ antities of the fuel. metered should vary to meet changing peed and Load requiremert- 5. the injected fuel must be bro ken wits very fine droPlets. - the sPraj Pattern must be such that 1é result in rapid mixing of Land or- qte E a and end of ingection should be sharP g- the inyection E129 » f desired should change to suit the engine speed and load requirements: “tn Gaseok mults-cytiader engines, the distribution of metered uld be uniform - fuel a mong various SY Linders sho ight ond SiZ2 of fuel dd: tien te above re4, uirements, Hewe must be minimum» TE should not be Costly to 4fo- IN @ 4 exPensive to attend to, adjust or repair. jayection sap ten manufacture o”