SAFE WELDING PRACTICES
The hazards in arc welding can endanger a welder's life if
he/she is not wearing the proper protective clothing and
equipment.
THE ALWAYS RULES FOR WELDING SAFETY
Always wear suitable protective clothing and eye protection.
Always keep a safe ,clean work areas.
Always keep welding equipment in good condition.
Always check welding areas to make sure they're safe to work
in.
Always make sure ventilation provides three to four complete
changes of air per hour.
Always look out for fellow students and co-workers.
THE NEVER RULES FOR WELDING SAFETY
Never enter the welding shop without wearring safety glasses.
Never weld, cut or grind near flammable or explosive materials.
Never use oil on gas cylinder, regulators, connections or hoses.
Never operate ungrounded equipment.
Never cut or weld on concrete.
Never arc weld or operate electrically powered equipment
while standing on wet or damp floors.
Never cut into barrels, drums, or any container that has not
been purged.
Never engage in horseplay of any kind.
SHOP SAFETY RULES
Keep all hand tools sharp, clean, and in safe working order.
Report any defective tools, machines or other equipment to the
instructor.
Keep all guards and safety devices securely in place.
Operate a hazardous machine only after receiving instruction or
how to operate the machine safely.
Turn off the power before leaving a machine tool.
Disconnect the power from machine tools before performing
the maintenance tasks of oiling or cleaning.
EYE SAFETY
Wear safety glasses at all times in the shop.
Wear safety glasses and face shield when grinding, chipping,
cutting or shaping metal with any kind of power tool.
If you wear contact lenses, check with your doctor to see if the
type of lens you wear requires any special precautions in the
work environment.
Select proper lens shade for the welding or cutting activity and
make sure the lens is not chipped, cracked or damaged.
Do not wear plastic-coated lenses for welding and cutting.
Wear welding goggles or a welding hood with the proper lens
shade for all welding and cutting activity.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
LEATHER JACKET
is made of chrome leather and prevents entry of sparks
between our clothes and body.
WELDING CAP
is used to protect welders head from spatters in out position
welding or in confined spaces.
WELDING SHIELD/HELMET
It is used to protect the face and eyes from the arc
rays(infrared, ultraviolet rays) and heat and spatter from the
molten metal. It is more convenient to use because it allows
both hands to work freely
LEATHER GLOVES
Gloves are made of chrome leather and protect the welder's
hands from heat spatter and radiation.
WELDING SHOES/LEATHER BOOTS
It is used to protect our feet from falling spatter, sparks and hot
metals when welding overhead and confined spaces.
RESPIRATOR
is a device design to protect the wearer from inhaling harmful
dust , vapors or gases.
LEATHER APRON
is made of chrome leather and provides a welder with
complete protection of his chest to the mid calf from sparks
and hot metal.
FACE SHIELD
Face shield must also be worn where required to protect eyes.
Welders must wear safety glasses and chippers and grinders
often use face shield in addition to safety glasses
LEGGINGS
are made from leather to protect the legs and feet.
EAR MUFFS
are used for ear coverings and are connected a flexible band
and worn as protection against extreme noise.
SET UP AC WELDING MACHINE
Welding Power Source- is to provide the voltage necessary to
maintain an arc between the electrode and the work piece and
sufficient supply of electric to melt the surface of the work
piece and the end of the electrode.
BASIC PARTS OF AC WELDING MACHINE
CURRENT ADJUSTING WHEEL
- is rotated either clockwise or counter clockwise until the
marker in the indicator is set to the desired current.
PRIMARY WINDINGS TERMINALS
provide cable connection from the main power supply.
-
SET UP WELDING ACCESSORIES
WELDING CABLES
Welding cables conduct from the power source to work. The
electrode cable is connected to the electrode holder. The return
cable is connected to the return clamp
ELECTRODE HOLDERS
-are used to grip the electrode.The most common types are the
collet and the pincher. The electrode in the collet-type is
inserted in the head and grip by twisting the handle. In the
pincher type, the electrode is simply grip in its spring-loaded
jaws
RETURN CLAMP
is connected to the welding cable and is fastened to the work
or bench on which the work is placed, it completes the welding
circuit.
METHODS OF STRIKING AN ARC
SCRATCHING AND TAPPING METHOD
Scratching Method- is done by scratching the electrode to
the base metal like scratching a match. It is simplest method for
most beginners.
Tapping Method- it is done by moving the electrode
downward until it just taps the base metal, then bringing the
electrode up slightly to form an arc with the same distances to
the diameter of electrode.
Job Sheet
Title: HANGER ORGANIZER
I. Objective: MAKING OF HANGER ORGANIZER
II. Supplies and Materials: 2 pcs. G.I PIPE 3/4schedule 40
1kl. Welding Electrode E6013 #3.2mm
Grinding disc #4
III. Tools and Equipment: Welding Machine w/ complete accessories
Automatic cutting machine
Chipping hammer
Steel brush
Welding gloves
Welding jacket
Welding helmet
IV. Bill of Materials:
Quantity Description Unit Cost Total
2pcs. G.I PIPE 3/4schedule40(1.5m) 300.00 300.00
2pcs. G.I PIPE 3/4schedule40 (2m) 400.00 400.00
4pcs. G.I PIPE 3/4schedule40 (.10m) 100.00 100.00
2pcs. G.I PIPE 3/4schedule40(.50m) 100. 00 100.00
1kl E-6013 Nihon weld 120.00 120.00
Total Php 1020.00
V. Procedures:
1. Set up and check the electrical connection of welding machines.
2. Cut the G.I. Pipe according to the specification below:
a. 2pcs. G.I PIPE 3/4schedule40(1.5m)
b. 2pcs G.I PIPE 3/4schedule40 (2m)
c. 4pcs. G.I PIPE 3/4schedule40 (.10m)
d. 2pcs.G.I PIPE 3/4schedule40(.50m)
3. Follow the measurements in the illustration and use the marker on the
portion to be welded.
4. Weld the G.I.Pipe accurately.
5. Remove the slags and check the joints of the welded part.
6. Observe safety precautions while working.
VI. Illustration Drawn:
1.50M
1M 2M
.10M
.50M
VII. Evaluation Tool:( refer to the rubrics in the assessment of the project).
VIII. Assignment/Agreement:
If the project unfinished, the teacher will make an agreement to the learner to
continue their work in the following day.
