INVKKSISN

Ta su dpng c6u ric dao ngir khi 1 s0 cym t* hodc mqnh dA sau tl61' duoc d$t dAu cdu:
1l hardly I hardly ever I neverl never before/ rarely / seld*m / little / aowhere /
Ex: I had never been *sked t* accept a bribe before'
--+ Never befclre had I bee* asked to accept a bribe.
Ex: This remedy rarely faiied.
--- Rarely did this remedy fail.

2l No s*oner than
I Hardly
.{ Scarcely hads+Vedl3 whe:r +S+Ve#Z
L Barely
Ex: The game had scarcely started when it bega* tc rain'
-* Scarcely had the game started when it began to rain.
3lN*iuntil S Y S V {dno ugir}l Not sinc* S V, S Y {dio ng*)
i{P
Trong c$u tr$t 8N cits mot antil, rn$nh d8 chink khbng sft d4sng qxd kh* k*dn th*nh"
Ex: Ile didn't realize that he had lost it *ntil he got horne.
-*+ Not until he gof home did he realize th*t he had lost it.
Er: I haven't met hirn,since l.left university"
-+ Not since I left university have I met him.
I lTadn't disc*vered the truth until she phaned me.
--+ Not until she phoned me did I discover the truth'
4l Not only 5 V {*nc ng&} b*t S {also) V {also)

but S+Vaswell
Eq: They n*t oniy r*b but alsE: srnash everytl:ling.
--+ l{ot an}y do they rcb but they a-lso smash everything.

5l Inversion *f if
clauses:
TlpgJ: sha*ld S * Y, S + wilV canl sh*uld + V
B.x: If these biscuits arrive in a damage condition, please inform...
--" Sir*uld these hiscuits arive in . ".
* If these biscuits shauld arriv* in " " "
hpg!: were S + t* Y, S + wouldl could + V
Hx: trf he sante here, he could help us.
* Were he t* ci:rxe here. ...
:If he were t* cclme here, he could...
I-lpel: had + S + (not) Yedl3, $ + w*uld h*ve * YedlS
Ex: Had you obey*d orders, their disaster wouldn't have trappene*'

6/ On no conrlition, xnder no circumstanee$, on no acesunt, at no lime, in no way, fi:r no reaso*, nowhere

Ex: This switch must nst *e tcuched on any account"
no account m*st this switch touched.
-Yr:uOnmust not tell them what happened $n a$y condition.
* On any condition must you tell them what happened.
Yo* cannot open this door under any circumstances.
*-+ Under any circurnstailces can you open ttris dCIor.
I didn't give rny consent to the plan at any time.
--* At na time ilid i;i;* *y *onr*r, ta the plan.

1l N)nly hy+ Ving

[0nlr theri
'{ t)nl-r irhcrr S \'' + S V {ihiri mgftJ
L()rrlr it S V
Gnlr. latr*r
( )nir i,tLrr Is I + S Y {dri* nge}
1x
lir: She o:rl5r realized tllat the. stress he rvas under the*"
' OnI.v *ren <iid shc r*alize thitt the slress he u'as und*r 17
 I only realized h*w l*vely she was wheil I talked t* her.
** Only rvhen I talireri to her did I realize how lovety she was
Ex: Snly if {he teacker has given permissi*r': can students go $ut.

.8i - So adjladv $Y (dno ng*) that SV

- Such+be+NthatSY
- S €'fP) +be+scm*ch/greatthatS V-, S*ch+tre+ S (Np) that....
Sx: The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be fuli every night.
--* Such is the popularity of the play {hat rhe theatre is likely to be filll every night.
Ex: Her grief was so great that ske almast faintecl
*" $uch was her grief that she'was alrnost fainted
Ex: He became sc suspicious that he didfi't lvant to dn business r.vith anytl*e.
-* So suspicious did he became that he didn't.. "

Nqk:"
{" Here/ there
*NP+V+here/ther:e
--*Here/there+V+NP
+ S (pronoun) + Y + herel there
-+ Here/ there S 1V
Ex: Our bus goes lliere
---r There gces our bus.
He is there
* There he is
* Verb of motion:
+ NP + V (run, lly, rush. dash,...) -r- Adv {ol; in, out, aw.ay...)
-Adv+V+NP
+S(pronoun) +V+adv
--*Adv +S+V
Er: The plane flew around and around.
--' Around and areiund flew the plane.
They went away"
---+ Awtry they went.

* Verb of positian:
S + V (stand/ lie/ si$ lean) + Prepasitional phrase.
--* Pre phrase + V + S (l{P}
---* Viflg + Pre phrase + be + N {Np}
Ex: A ma:"1 with a gun stood in the doorway.
---+ In the doorway stocld tfue man with a gun.
---+ Standing iu the doorway was a man with a gun.
+ Verb of to be:
+NPr +be+NPz
--* NPz + be + NFr
+ NP * be + Ying/Ve#3
--* Ving/Ve#3 + be + NP
+ NP + be + prepositi*nal phrase
*- Pre phrase + be + NP
Er: An appie tree was outside the house.
*+ Outside the house was an apple iree.
Paintings by Yan Gagh are hanging in &is museum.
---n Hanging in this museurn are paintings by Van Gogh.
The Diamond Mall is located in the heart of the city.
---+ Located in the heart of the city is The Dian:ond Mall.

Leonardo De Yinci was a grset invmtar.

---+ A great inventor was Leonardo De Vinci.

ri" Cieft sentences : trt is / was .... that....

Ex : It was this book that Mary gave me or my birthday. .
..1 Auxiliuy verbs : do I does I did
Ex: I did come here yesterday, but I didn't see you.

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 INVERSION
Use inversion in the following sentences
1. I have never been asked to accept a bribe before
-+ Never before.
2. They not only rob you but also smash everything.
---+ Not only.............
3. He didn't rcalize that he had lost it until he got home
---+ Not until.
4. I hadn't discovered the truth until she phoned me'

-r Not until.............
5. She only realizedthe stress he was under then
--+ Onlv then "

6. I only realized how lovely she was when I talked to her.

--- Only when.....
7. This switch can not be touched on any account.
---+ 0n no account.......
8. You can not tell them what happened on arty condition
*+ On no condition................
9. You cannot open this door under any circumstances
---+ Under no circumstances...
l0.I didnot give my consent to the plan at any time
--+ At no time....
11. He was only able to make himself heard by shouting
-, Only by...................
12. This remedy rarely failed.
---+ Rarely..
13. He became so suspicious that he didn't want to do business wlth anyone.
---+ So suspicious.
14. The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be fulI every night.

15. She is so beautiful that I cannot take my eyes off her

-- Such
16. The force of the storm was so greatthatmany trees were uprooted.
--- Such......
17.Her grief was so great that she almost fainted.

18. The game had scarcely started when it began to rain

--+ Scarcely ... ., "":.......","..".."

15
19. You won't furd better roses than these anywhere.

---+ Here
21. Our bus goes there

22.He is there
--+ There...
23. The runners went away.
_-+ Away...
24.The plane flew around and around.
---+ Around and around
25. They went away.
--+ Away...........;...
26. A man with a gun stood in the doorway.
--+ In the doorway....
27. A blue parrot sat on a perch next to him.
-+ On a perch.
28. A small village lies along the river bank.
---+ Along the river bank..........

29. An apple tree was outside the house.

-+ Outside
30. A bus appeared around the corner
--- Around the corner
31. Paintings by Van Gogh are hanging in this museum.
---+ Hanging in this museum....
32. The Diamond Mall is located in the heart of the ciry-
---+ Located in the heart.........
33. Leonardo de Vinci was a great inventor.
---) a great inventor....

34.Ha Long Bay is the most stunning site I have ever seen.
-* the most stunning site..

35. If he needs help, he can contact me any time.

---+ Should

36. If he came here, he would help us

-+ Were....

37.It he hadn't reviewed the lesson carefully, he wouldn't have done the test well.

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 INYERSION 2

1. I have never met such an interesting man before

->Never
2. He had hardly left the house when the storm broke.

+ Hardly
3. As soon as he had left the house, the storm broke.

+ No sooner.
4. This light must not be tumed on any account.

5. She rarely has any money to spare.

*+ Rarely

6. He hardly speaks to anyone.

-+ Hardiy
7. The nation has never been faced with such difficulties.

-> Never
8. They had hardly started playrng tennis when it began to rain.

-+ Hardly .....
9. A father seldom sacrifices so much for his child.

--> Seldom

10. You may not return after midnight on any account.

-'> On

11. He would not give up writing his satires under any circumstances.

-+ Under
L2.IJerea\izedthe danger he had been in only after he had read the newspaper the following morning.

-+ Oniy
13. They were not able to assess the damage until the floods had subsided.

-+ Not until..
]
14. He only stays in bed if he is seriously i11.

-+ Only.
15. We only then rcahzedhow much he had suffered.

-+ Only
16. He was only able to do the exercise with a great deal of effort.
-+ Only.
77.He didn't manage to get permission until she had calmed down.
-+ Notuntil..
18. He was so anxious to start a new life that he actually changed his name.
+ So.

19
19. I{e could onl-r make himself heard by shouting at the top of his voice.

-+ 0n1v
20. No director has made such an intellectually challenging sci-fi movie since Kubrick's 2001

-> Not since

2I.He became so suspicious that he didn't even trust his family.

-+ So

22.He laughed so much that tears rolled down his cheeks.

-+ So

23.}irer business was so successful that Marie was able to retire at the age of 50.
+ So ....
24.If you were less than delighted with our product, we will refund your money immediately
-+ Were
25.If you were to accept our offer, we could avoid the costs of a court case.
-+ Were
26.If the builders were to finish their work to schedule, they would receive a bonus.

-+ Were ......
27 .It the tickets should fail to arrive before the departure date, we would affange to have duplicates waiting at the
airport.

-+ Should.
28. If the film had been released in the suruner, it would not have been so successful.
-+ Had
29.He had no money and his sister didn't have any either
-+ He
30. They have no intention of paying and we don't either.

+ They
31. I couldn't face my father and Jane couldn't either

-+I
32. Tom came in.

-+ In
33. Two large dogs jumped up.

-+ up
34. Half a dozen apples fell down.

-+ Down
35. The drunk driver lay there.

20
 INVERSION
I. Rewrite the following sentences, using subject - Yerb Inversion.
1. An ancient castle stands on the hill opposite my house.

2.Harvardis one of the best universities in the world.

---+ One
3. Some villages lie along the river banks.
---+ Aiong.
4. His was such a sensational masterpiece that it was adored by many critics
--+ So
5. A huge iion was silently approaching them.
--+ Silently

6. The two climbers were so weak that they couldn't accomplish their mission.
---+ So .......
7 .Harry Potter is completely banned in many countries-
-- Completely... .

8. Mr. John Thomas is a great fashion designer

-A
9. Many protesters stood in front of the City Committee Hall.
---+ In
10. Washing your mouth with salt water is much better than with other substances.
--+ Much
11. Singapore is so clean that you can hardly find any garbage on the streets.

-+ So
12. A strange man appeared on the stage.
---+ On.
13. The hurricane was so destructive that nearly the whole town was torn apart.
---+ So
14. The eagle soared up in the air.
--_ up.
15. That was such a terrible fire that all the houses were burned down.
--- So

II. Rewrite the following sentences with the words given.

1. She realized she hadn't locked the door after the train had left.
---+ Only after
2.Ican'tcome to her wedding next Saturday night.
---+ Innoway
3. More and more disasters happen, and they are becoming more destructive these days.
---+ Not only

21
4. I had just climbed to the first branch of the tree before I fell down.
-+ Hardly
5" The supervisors hadn't known about the escape until the next morning
---+ Not until..
6. We will not give up in any circumstances.
--+ In no
7.Ihad little information about the test today.
-+ Little.
8. It rained cats and dogs as soon as I had just left home.
---+ No sooner.
9. Parents rarely pay attention to what their teenagb children need.
---+ Rarely.
10. After many forests have been destroyed, we become conscious of its importance.
---+ Only after..
1 A true sportsman never defies his rivals.
1.
---+ Never .....

12. I have never enjoyed such gorgeous sceneries anywhere.

13. The extreme hurricane made its landfall on the state capital right after it had wiped a big town out.
---+ Barelv
14. I haven't watched such an arrrazing movie before.
--+ Never before
15. The students went on to do their assignment as soon as the holiday had been over.
---+ Scarcelv

III. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1. .......... the bus. Hurry up, boys!
A. Here B. There comes C. There D. Come here
2. ...... ....in the show tonight will be a very famous sand-drawing artist.
A. Perform B. To perform C. Performed D. Performing
3. Up northwest of the US ..........of Washington, although the city of Washington D.C. is in the east.
A. the state is B. are the state C. is the state D. the state are
4. ..... . ....the restaurant on weekends that you can hardly find a table there.

A. Crowded as B. So crowded is C. Crowded so D. So is crowded

5. ........ ..in the heart of Europe is Belgium, the country of wonders.
A. Situate B. Situating C. Situated D. To situate
6. Inside these old tombs ..of the dead bodies.
A. are belongings B. does belongings be C. do belongings be D. belongings are
7. At no time ..........1o such a fantastic concert like the one last night.
A. I have gone B. have I go C. did I have go D. have I gone
8. In no way.. blamed for the collapse of the corporatio4.
A. be he should B. should be he C. he should be D. should he be
22
9. In no circumstances ...... . ...my Vietnamese origin.
A.I wiil deny B. deny wiil l c. will I deny D. will deny I
10. ..... ... ..the new subject that almost no students passed the final term exam.
A. So was complex B. Complex was so C. So complex was D. Was so complex
1 1. Not until .. .. . . ....enough money ..our first international conference.
A. we have - we will hold B' did we have - we wiil hold
C. we have - will we hold D' did we have - will we hold
12. So many studcnts ..that it has to build a new campus.
A. does this school have B. this school has C. does have this school D. has this school
1 3. sooner .arrested than his company was sealed off for investigation.
No .

A. he had been B. had he been C. had been he D. been he had

14. So successful was her book that ..for presentations all over Europe.
A. was she invited B. invited she was C. was invited she D. she was invited
15. Only when we have firm evidence ............the cause of dinosaurs'distinction.
A. we can conclude B. can we conclude C. we conclude D. conciude we

IV. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1. It was my dog ..caught the thief last night.
who
A. B. that C. when D. what
2. If he ..come tonight, we will tell him the truth about his family,
A. do B. does C. did D. done
3. To quickly find a sponsor is.......... we really need to do at the moment.
A. what B. that C. when D. where
4. ..........is French classical music that I like best.
How
A. B. What C. There D.It
5. Difficult ..this economic period is, our company's sales are still rising.
A. although B. as C. when D. than
6.I thinkwe will benefit a lot from this contact if we ..........sign it
A. do B. does C. did D. done
7 . ...... .. ..turkey is, it is the most-wanted food during Thanksgiving holidays.
A. Expensive although B. Even though expensive C. As expensive D. Expensive though
8. Being injected a lot of antibiotics was ..she could recover from the disease.

A. which B. how C. what D. that

9. ..........was his first trip to the Amazon rainforest that he found two new species.
A. Here B. There C.It D. He
10. I know that all of you ..try your best, so don't be upset about the result.
A. do B. does C. did D. done
1 1. ..........I studied when I was in Saigon was a small school near my house'
A. Where B.It C. When D. There
12. The typhoon that swept over Australia last month was ..
A. powerful extreme B. powerfully extreme C. extrsmely powerful D. extreme powerful

23
':r'

13. We saw a strange man in the ..........momingwhenthe murderhappened.

quit
A. B. indeed C. simple D. very
14. Hard-working. he could not support the whole family.
A. as was he B. though he was C. was he though D. he was as
15. It is having a good English communication skill ..can help you find a good job.
A. that B. what C. as D. than

V. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1. ..........who is carrying a bouquet ofred roses.
man
A. Was waiting outside for you a young B. Outside was waiting for you a young man
C. Outside waiting a young man for you D. Waiting for you outside was a young man
2. Only when we have finished this difficult subject
A. we can stop worrying B. can we stop worrying
C. stop worrying we.can D. worrying we can stop
3. ........ ..that were established in war time.
A. Along the main road rubber plantations are B. Rubber plantations which are along the main road
C. Along the main road are rubber plantations D. Are along the main road rubber piantations
4. ...... ...., who are only 19 years old.
A. In this award-winning album is songs by two famous young composers
B. In this award-winning album, is songs by two famous young composers
C. In this award-winning album, songs are by two famous young composers
D. In this award-winning album are songs by two famous young composers
5. On no condition
A. you will become a professional tennis player B. a professional tennis player you will become
C. become a professional tennis player you will D. will you become a professional tennis player
6. ...... ....which used to be a goldmine.
A. A hotel which is at the foothill B. At the foothill a hotel is
c. At the foothill is a hotel D. Is at the foothill a hotel
7. ....,....., asubject about past events.
A. Considered history as the most difficult subject by students
B. History is considering the most difficult subject by students
C. Considered as the most difficult subject by students is history
D. Considering as the most difficult subject by students is history
8. Only by breaking the window
A. he could get into his car B. could he get into his car
c. his car could he get into D. into his car he could get
9. ... .. . . . ..that the audience asked him to play it again.
A. So emotional was his performance B. His performance was emotional so
C. Was so emotional his perfornance D. Emotional was his performance so

24
 ii,:L

10. ..........who seemed to get lost.

A. Just this morning did I see a very eccentric-looking woman
B. Just this rnorning, I did see a very eccentric-looking woman
C. I did saw a very eccentric-looking woman just this morning
D. A very eccentric-looking woman did I see this morning
1 1. No sooner had it started raining
A. than a spiendid rainbow appeared in the sky B. when appeared a splendid rainbow in the sky
C. than did a splendid rainbow appear in the sky D. when a splendid rainbow did appear in the sky
T2 when he was sent offafter a serious foul.
A. Hardly scored he a goal for the team B. Hardly had he scored a goal for the team
C. He hardly had scored a goal for the team D. He hardly scored a goal for the team
13. For many people in westem countries,
A. Christmas is it for them to be with their family.
B. it is Christmas who gives them a chance to be with their family
C. it is Christmas that gives them a chance to be with their family
D. a chance to be with their family is when Christmas
14. ... directed by Vilctor Flemming.
A. Voted one of the best movies ever is Gone with the Wind
B. Voted one of the best movies ever Gone with the Wind is
C. One of the best movies is voted Gone with the Wind
D. Voted one of the best movies, Gone with the Wind is
i 5. ..... ... .. struggle against the English subject.
A. One of my 9th_grade teachers who helped me B. One of my 9th-grade teachers helped me was
C. How one of my 9th-grade teachers helped me was
D. It was one of my "9th-grade teachers that heiped me
16. ... many people attend the Ice Swimming Contest in Finland every year.
December
A. As it is chiliy in B. Chilly as it is in December
C. Chilly in December though is it D. Though is it chilly in December
17 . ... it will not help you win their trust.
A. As your clothes may be gorgeous B. Your clothes may as be gorgeous
C. Though your clothes may be as gorgeous D. Gorgeous though your clothes may be
18. So amazing is her talent that ..
A. did she win the contest Ukraine's Got Talent 2009 B. won she the contest Ukraine's Got Talent 2009
C. she won the contest Ukraine's Got Talent 2009 D. she did won the contest Ukraine's Got Talent 2009
19. If she wants to recover soon, .

alcohol
A. she does have to stop drinking B. does she have to stop drinking alcohol
C. has she to stop drinking alcohol D. she has to do stop drinking alcohol
20. ... but they ignore them.
A. I think did they acknowledge the rules of the game B. I think they did acknowledge the ruies of the game
C. I think they did acknowledged the rules of the game D. I think did they acknowledged the rules of the game

25
VI. Choose the part that needs correcting in each sentence.
i. Ride(A) from Australia to Denmark is(B) Kim Paul Nguyen, trying(C) to raise awareness against(D) giobal
warming.
2. I(A) is hamsters that(B) they(C) are considered one of the most fashionable pe!q(D) these days.
3. Fun and intcre$ling(A) though may his claim(B) be, many experts are(C) skeptical about it(D).
4. We regret to tell(A) you that your proposal has been denied(B) even though(C) it does figures(D) out the point.
5. Among(A) the candidates for(B) this post are(C) a fresh graduate from(D) Harvard University.
6. Working(A) in this factory is(B) many poor workers immi8rating(C) from all parts qf@) the country.
7. Sit(A) motionlessly on the chair was(B) an old man looking far away(C) trying to reminisce(D) about his golden
time.
8. Without(A) more effort, will Vietnam(B) become one of the countries that(C) suffer the impact gf(D) global
warming.
9. Which(A) can eliminate American local(B) animais are(C) 9 species of huge snakes raised(D) by local
inhabitants. "'

10. Not(A) since did the team win(B) the gold medal 50 years ago has it(C) won it again(D).
11. Hardly(A) had their son SAIG) the university entrance exam result than(C) they held a big parry to celebrate(D)
ir
i2. Only by(A) cooperating pgoplilUi[@) be able to reduce(C) poverty problems, which(D) are haunting all over
Africa.
13. Only rvhen(A) new kinds of machine are (B)invented we can(C) hope to reduce(D) iabor jobs.
14. Splendid(A) and colorful as are the festivals(B), they are(C) not the most favorable(D) in this country.
15. I de lqligyg(A) that in this vast universe exists(B) aliens, who(C) are watching us closely(D) and attentively.
16. I4efeqtiUg.jA(A) are Brazilian carnivals that(B) millions of(C) tourists come to join them(D) every year.
i7. He does believes(A) in(B) the scientific(C) research result announced(D) in the conference last week.
18. So(A) dangerous swine flu is(B) that more than six thousand people died of it(C) in the year 2009 only(D).
19. A luxurious(A) house is how(B) they want to buy despite(C) the fact(D) that they are not rich.
20. There(A) was three months ago that(B) I went to Canada for(C) a big conference about(D) teaching English.

26