ee raerigs Fossil fuel is the main source of energy. In some countries, the use of alternative sources of energy is encouraged. Is this a positive or negative development? 03. 4 Nang luong thay thé c6 ning, wu diém gi? * Yehinh 1 at, chi nhizng quéc gia giau co ‘Than thign voi moi truéng * Giai thich ‘Anh hung ota teu thy nang wong ‘chinh 2 hhéa thach qué khiing Khiép, vige {6n dinh, vi thé khéng dap ‘chuyén sang nding long thay thé 1a cin tiét 4 Ychinh 2 Gidi phap nang long bén ving * Giai thich ‘Buge tao ra tir nhing tai nguyén ‘vO tn, nang lwong thay thé la ‘cn thidt cho twang lai lau dai cla 02 ~ ENVIROMENT | 95B topic VOCABULARY energy crisis (n) + world energy consumption thy nang iweng toan chu + global energy demand (n).nhu cau nang wong toan cu 4 scarcity (n) sy khan him + dispute over natural resources (9) tranh chap tai nguyen thién nbien alternative energy (n) . + renewable (n): nang lurong thay thé + carbon-free eneray source (n): ngub” rang wong khong chira carbon (cc rnguén nang lugng thay thé) + power generated from renewable source (n): nang [wong tao ra ti; nguén tai nguyén vo han + greener substitute (n): phuong an thay thé than thign vai mdi trvdng hon weaponize (v) + global security threat (n}: m6i de doa {an ninh toan cau uranium enrichment (n) * weapons-grade nuclear material (n) nhién feu hat nhan dung dé ché tao vo khi (oy; mae teu 7 fy kniing hoang nang lwong see nang twang thay the va khi héa qua trinh lam gidu uranium (uranium la nguyén ligu cho bom hat han) | 96 | HOW TO CRACK THE IELTS WRITING TEST — VOL 4 a‘ (V] vocastony REVIEW 4; Alternative Energy exercise ‘ay ‘alternative energy’? snot areene erent ways 0S | energy from inexhaustible sources? re pee {eoun plural es not contain carbon? a energy that oes not contain. GSS energy that does not hurt the environment? you guess 3 diferent ways to say fossil fuels’? energy ased onthe answers above, C27 energy can be exhausted? eX es energy that is based on carbon? ciiey affects the environment? un. (a) energy energy that negativels sources. exercise 2: Nuclear Energy ‘arnessed, can be a reliable source of energy and the answer nuclear energy, properly (when we run out of energy) tothe world’s energy © onever, tis often associated with the threat of w + of tuning something info a weapor). Nuclear bombs can indeed cause (the proces: \e horrific bombings of Hiroshima and ‘catastrophic outcomes, as evidenced by th Nagasaki uranium has to be en 9 inorder to create a nuclear bomb, (to create more). This process creates W. (suitable for weaponry) nuclear material, which is the main component of @ nuclear weapon, CHAPTER 02 - ENVIROMENT | 97, \ SAMPLE 4 of fossil fuel ts unequivocal. nigh sed by the burnin ing to power generated FO renewable SOUrcES lke patna, However along will widespread supper, ‘oncerns. This ronmental impact ca ore countries are tu light as a greener s certain c y and show how th The envi of this, is essay will look at both the pros wind and st alternative of this new type of ene"9) nergy sie e 1e world's embracing itis a and cons postive development vera reasons for their worries. First, is of renewables could cites hich means itis Opponents type of eneray is prottvey expensv° to produce and store, wt cut of reach for less developed nations second, the current output of alternative ‘eet the demands of most nations. Finally, is far rom being enough to m ized, whict sions surrounding uranium enrichment fn could make them a global security and energy i some renewables could be weapon threat. The escalating international fe development of weapons-grade nuclear Korea are a testament to the risk of ren vr tiaterial in countries such as Iran and North jewables. .j setbacks, much of the world is stil ‘On the other hand, despite the aforementioner ‘bly so. The most obvious benefit of this favor of alternative energy sources, and justia type of power is is minimal impact onthe environment. Renewables have extremely given how dire environmental low carbon footprint compared to fossil fuels, and 2, the switch to carbon= pollution has become and how i alects our very existenet free energy sources is necessary. Another compelling point is that because they ar° created from resources that are practicaly infinite, alternative energy is the answer 0 the imminent energy crisis. In conclusion, I beleve the upside pside of allernative energy sources is far more significant that their downside, Wile there lenges th jercome t0 downside, While there are real challenges that we need to overcome t0 ‘make universal adoption of renewables feasible and affor int success Will es feasibi ddable, recent Si “ storage and production tech nologies promises that this will soon be a reality 315 words, writton by Tung Dang 98 HOW TO CRACK THE IELTS WRITING TEST - VOL -VOL1LLY Ke Vaile) cee toi m6i trudng cla viéc dat nhién liu héa thach la vo cing t% ay Bai luan nay s@ nhin nhdn c wu va nhuge diém cia foai nang lvang méi nay dng thor chi ra viée thé gidi theo dudi né chin 1a mot su phat trién tich eye INhiing ngu@i phan di nang lung tai tao co thé vign dn mot s6 ty do cho nding fo lang cia ho. Bau tién, loai nang kong nay tdn rét ahidu tidn dé sn xust va vu tr Gidu do co nghia 2 né nam ngoai tm v6i cua cdc quéc gia kém phat trién hon. Thy | hai, san long nang luvong thay thé hign nay chura dap ung dt nhu cbu cia hau hét cc quéc gia. Cudi cing, mét s6 loai nang lugng tai tao c6 thé bi va ki hoa, Khién chong {rg thanh méi de doa an ninh toan cu. Cang thing thé gigi leo thang xung quanh viee am giau uranium va phat tibn vat ligu hat nhan c&p va khi 6 cae quée gla nhw Iran va ‘Tru Tién la mét minh ching cho nguy co cia nang long ta tao. Mat kha, bét chap nnGing tr agai néu tren, phn Lon thé git vn Ung RO céc ngubn nang vong thay thé, va nhu v8y cng chinh dng. Loic ® ring aha cia loa! nang n moi trudng. Nang lwong tai tao 6 lvong eu héa thach, va trong béi canh 6 nhiém Ji no cing anh husng dén sy ton tai cba kihéng chira carbon la cin thiét. MOt lugng nay la tée dong t6i thigu cia nd 6 ‘du chan carbon" eye thép so voi nhién Ii moi trudng da tr nn nghiém trong déng th chang ta, vide chuyén sang céenguén nang long hm thuyét phue Khao a do dug f90 ra tr cac nguen tl nguyen vO han nang van 1 thé chinh la cu tr 16H cho cue Khung hoang nang long dang can Ke, lugng tha 1g lugng thay thé cd y nghia hon sh tha thye su ma chung ta can i tao tro nén Kh thi va gid cd 1g mat tich eye eda eae ngubn nan ‘giém cua ching, Du-e6 nhting thal 1p dung phé bién nang wong ta phai vot qua dé vige 3 phai chang, nung rnang tanh c®ng gd d8y vor ‘cong Tom lai, t6i tin rn nhidu so voi nhuge: gh uu tr va san xudt hua inh hign thu. en didu nay sé som tre thar CHAPTER 02 - ENVIROMENT | 99x — B cENERAL VOCABULAR, unequivocal ( inlight of turn to (v) widespread support (a) TeTie) raise concern (v) ‘out of reach (a) 100) Ho) a 3 ¥ Sy very clear The proof of climate change is unequivocal, yet some nations ae sy reluctant to do anything about Ye because of In light of instability and violence in neighboring countries, the government has decided to tighten border security to switch to something! someone else ‘As the political situation in the country sours, many citizens are turning to ‘Western nations for refuge Ar support from a majority ‘Although Hilary Clinton elicited widespread support in the 2016 election, Trump stil came out on topin the end. {G7 to cause people to worry The developments in Hong Kong have raised deep concerns worldwide abou democracy and human rights. {00 expensive or too difficult The proposed retail price ofthe prods! 's going to put it out of the reach of ‘most consumers. WTO CRACK THE IELTS WRITING TEST VOL 1£ cenerat VOCABULARY embrace (v) cite (¥) prohibitively expensive (a) SS escalating tension (n) zh Sreez universal (a) © to accept or welcome something Going plastc-free is a lifestyle that is. being widely embraced. to mention something to prove a point The manager cited examples of wasteful spending in the company to show how better management of funds is of t very costly he cost of living in Singapore is prohibitively expensive, but ‘many local residents think i's worth it because of the convenience and diversity ofthe city, growing anger between people or countries Dispute over shared resources is Cone of the main reasons for the escalating tensions in the region, involving everyone! happening everywhere Universal access to education is ‘a goal that every government should strive toward, (CHAPTER 02~ ENVIROMENT | 101~ & GENERAL VOCABULARY testament to sth (n) a \v— I= es be in favor of Justify (v) compelling (a) upside vs. downside (n - usually TL singular) ‘dy proof that something is true ‘The long queve outside the restaurant is a testament to its quality *” support something The majority of the board are in favor of relieving the CEO of his duties to give or to be a good reason for Itis hard to determine who is right ‘or wrong in war. Each side tries to justify their actions, but one thing is inarguable: the human losses are insurmountable. Ye convincing There is compelling evidence that earning a language at an early age greatly helps children develop their brains YE Pros vs. cons ‘The economic upside must be weighed against the environmental downside. 102 | HOW TO CRACK THE IELTS WRITING TEST ~ VOL 1vocasutaky REVIEW Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with one of the words above. You may have to change the form of the word to match the sentence. 1, Son Tung MTP is: respected in the artist community for always pushing the envelope in terms of lyrical and musical originality Meaning: respected by everyone in the community 2, The iPhone's global success is a to Steve Jobs’ place as one of the world’s greatest designers Meaning: 1s proof of 3, Alawyer’s job is marshalling a cmraitelsovarte bide and jury. ‘Meaning: use convincing points 4 find hs resentment perfectly After all, the company did profiteer off his lfework and left him without a penny to his name, Meaning: I think it makes pertect sense why he's mad. Exercise 2: Find an alternative expression for the underlined parts. You may have to refer to a collocation dictionary or a thesaurus. 4, a. North Korea's nuclear weapons tests have raised concerns over regional security, b. The spokesperson for the U.S. Department of State has raised concerns over North Korea's nuclear weapons tests. Note:‘e situation raises concerns’ is slightly different from ‘someone raises concerns ‘about a situation’, though ultimately both expressions point fo the same thing. 2.Cars in Vietnam are prohibitively expensive, but apparently that hasn't stopped people from purchasing more cars. 3. Facebook was quickly embraced when it was launched, 4, Im light of the sex tape scandal, the singer's career is now in ruins. CHAPTER 02—ENVIROMENT | 103