University of meshriq
Third stage
Chemical reagent
Organic pharmaceutical Chemistry
By
Safa saad najeeb
What is a Reagent?
A reagent Is a compound or mixture added to a
system to start or test a chemical reaction. A
reagent can be used to determine the presence or
absence of a specific chemical substance as
certain reactions are triggered by the binding of
reagents to the substance or other related
.substances
Reagent Examples
More reagents in organic chemistry are inorganic
compounds or small organic molecules. Reagents
used in biotechnology include monoclonal and
polyclonal antibodies, oligomers, and cell lines.
They are frequently used as colour indicators in
analytical chemistry. Grignard reagent, Tollens’
reagent, Fehling’s reagent, Millon’s reagent, Collins
reagent, and Fenton’s reagent are named reagents.
However, not all reagents are named with the word
“reagent.” Reagents also include solvents,
.enzymes, and catalysts
Reagent vs Reactant
The term reagent is frequently used instead of
reactant. However, the two terms do not have the
same meaning. A reactant is a starting material
used in a chemical reaction to produce one or
more products, whereas a reagent is not always
.consumed in a reaction
Reagent vs Catalyst
A catalyst Is a substance that can speed up the rate
of a specific chemical reaction, whereas a reagent
is a substance or mixture used in chemical analysis
or other reactions which can either be a catalyst
that accelerates the reaction or a reactant that is
.consumed during the reaction
Reagent vs Chemical
A reagent Is a commonly available or easily made
compound or a known mixture of compounds used
to treat materials, samples, other compounds, or
reactants in a laboratory or, occasionally, an
industrial setting, whereas a chemical is any
.specific chemical element or chemical compound
Uses of Reagents
Reagents are commonly used in
laboratories for a variety of tests.Collins
reagent, for example, is used to convert
alcohols to aldehydes and ketones. As a
result, oxidising acid-sensitive compounds
can be beneficial. Similarly, Fenton’s
reagent is used in oxidation. Fenton’s
reagent, on the other hand, catalyses the
oxidation of contaminants in water and can
be used to remove toxic compounds like
tetrachloroethylene.
Reagents are often used to indicate the
presence of compounds by causing colour
changes to indicate presence.The presence
of proteins can be detected using Millon’s
reagent. Fehling’s reagent, for example, can
detect the presence of carbohydrates or
ketones and distinguish between the two
functional groups. The presence of proteins,
as indicated by the presence of tyrosine
residues, causes the solution to turn
reddish-brown when Millon’s reagent is
added.
One of the most common applications of
reagents in everyday life is drug testing.
While most kits, such as those used to test
for common drugs, are simple to use and
involve observing whether a colour change
occurs, other kits are more complex and
require laboratory equipment, such as
chromatography.
Frequently Asked Questions on Reagents
Q1
Where are reagents used?
A reagent is an essential component of any
chemical reaction. A reagent is a substance
or compound that can facilitate a reaction
and is used in the majority of commonly
used tests. Pregnancy tests, blood glucose
tests, and the majority of COVID-19 test kits
fall into this category.
Q2
What are reagents used in chemical reactions?
Reagents are used to confirm the detection
of the presence of another substance.
Q3
How do reagents work?
Chemical reactions are triggered by
reagents. This term includes organic
substances that trigger naturally occurring
chains of reactions in the body, as well as
inorganic substances that can be used in
artificially triggered reactions.
Q4
Can reagents be limiting?
Yes, regents can also be limiting. When
limiting reagents are consumed
completely, the chemical reaction stops.
The chemical reaction is dependent on the
reagent to continue and stops when there is
no more substance.
Q5
What is reagent purity?
Reagent grade chemicals are (96-98) %
pure, nearly as pure as ACS grade. They are
used in the production of food and
medicines, as well as in a variety of high-
purity laboratory and analytical
applications.
