Moleconcerh oO Atom t- The Aevallent pack of an claront Hat Com exlyt ether alone ov Ww Combination, may tea pect In chemteak Reachana Called alow Molecole.— Bt iy the amallest pect tn a chemical clo rent or Cosspound, shed han the athemtoak prepares: af Hak-chemest » or Compo und, : Momiciy:— Si\q-te abla number Of chore Prenat ona molecule. of ane Cherment Compound, or dh Aokner . Romie Mane vatli= 84 tn at On atom, 8 Car. Atomic Mass ual Camu) = 4482 mann of x Carloon 12 olen. ee Bae (760s 2 Gs | recone Fa > Srereage) Misia Mane defined, as precinah Yarthtre mans The. overage Om mana ab on Qdoment Vo determind 4 Thlilng Wnty Ocaount tHe exbkenen th Vnotopes oma shair relakre, percent occurence | ee & -te o : ol %. 49°49 ry 206%), FP AIZ + Orv x93 x 2x08 ye} | Amu 12 R93 Woy clea, Gerame’ Momle Mano!— Te come many op On cha ment expreneds Yn geno Ye calleck aren atomic Many. 31% ale Called ona_ gram alow. Somte Mann 2 Sodlum = 23 amt aren okoontt, apn oO Lgmahom of Was ey ,u Pe Crem woleevlar mana: motecuier mare af a compovnd epans WW arama to called aren weolee ler mein: 34 We alne calcd A am molecule, + Permula tran anck aram Parmula mani~ Like mmans, formle lieuenceoe ne ecn ay? men: Prerewk Mone formula Unib, Ot bo applied fr lante compara, Woeneaune, th Soernst Contain, dincrete, molecule, 7 Sele Traon Vo calenlahed. by adding tre, Adorete, mane af He ctor Com Mivent- par Meters bur enlat ae bern, Formule mana af Nac = 234 955 5 TRISH Mole Ore mole Ve +e amount & a Avbakanee, tHhak= Containg om many entities or particle aacthene, are okoryy in Beacty 2g (or deny) 4 he cl Vnotope. Sh late SE oni of Arnount of Aubokomen . Tha. Amough ef Avibbineen comeiaing Prrogadrs'n atoms, molecslen, love, epeclea calleck A evgle. 13 pee Avogedron No. Saberimental\y dokcrmbg > 6:072% 10 CN (Amedeo Avysodvo) Mann of a CAL war delerenind byw mam dbeetorreter lack P23 Pond tobe equal, to A926 X10 Bm. cl a ro, of atoms = 2 gmol fe 23 } a yh 22X10 hom ef ean 16°99 (¢ ‘abn! Jmol or tam moleccte.) of 4,0 = Cwerio Waler wolealer , Molar Mara!~ The mame one mole af a Dubstenen sgn Yo called Bo molar man. The molec mara in grea le numerically SyVat do adomic or molaestar Prmvla, man IU, Molter Mano q Con = ION Fame Ee 44OI Jmmol?© 2 3 of Con, io olecoler are, removed, Hows many grea { Co, ane lef Ahencn, = Imo = 6022 £10? molanolay Molecule, = 44am. {ou " : d 6022 x (0% BH yh AG oP aot! 6°23 1103 oorrxers 4 Co Leh} = nae PNA = opm asi9g 2 126" ana, Scones a a2 By an. AG ye ot Trrol Ore > orl2Eq . 0°02 mol, & Coleulate the number op CAT OMA Cott fons 1222 gon ony Gey A mol Coach, = 40tH 2M aw;. = AW Cody > Co? 4 204 FOr e Arrel crcl A mol dmol are\ AL cation > Dana, Ol ton 4A. ©) Whab ia he molecular rrann of compound x, 12s ao asael Polecobs weight No 10? mn Brows x04 watts ve xis. = z 6'022x 0°? a V0 x10 a 46022 «109 8’ onsaror = Qomms = Zr amu, © Ho. ma “gree ef CLLNOr)2 WOE YOu ned chy take to get Lon ed oy COND) 2 = ESS 4 2CINtlOvay = ET e. Cun) ew Amol timo 84-5 a 635 * aS 7 Ng 63's : a© 7 Et QTR value. af a dvop op 4.0 a O-O4mL. ey M20 rel are these, fy a cbap af to de [gan vol of J Sup of Hye = Sot mb, ae ef Adop fino = VED = OOK 17 74 Gm, - = GrO2W molecule. 23 G04 = 1337 X10 moleenty, = 923X100 v1 a Compani Yon THe percentage of ony any Clement 07 Combaren! \y wa tee Pata by mans she Mhok Clement oe Camatvent= brenseh Lew Parte by mace oP the, Compound . | Fong ical, fornvlac= gy eprerentorthe, almplesk hele number | Take De vadour atoms Pent wn & Compound Molecoler Remole A Teprerenla the, ercck Number ef Sif Peron ype of atone prenens tn e& molec ap & Compound : molecular Arcola. 4 glvcene > Gnd Soyerianh Pr mola, > cro | Relaenvelucen emperical and molecular Fremolat Motaceler Pemula = 7 < Empericah fremule. n= Molen Mam Empericat Ram. , Calewlaton ePthe Empertat. and Moleeutar formulac;— O) Gonceenton af mare percewkye. te grams « 6) Convert Wig number f moter af Cech clement . ©) To Crlewtede he oiempleot chole number . |PG A WAM a Beal Brule. 8) Watag molheolue f 5 Enpertent & > Ny PMNS > Smoly mans calculation mbt) DAA Me mlimbe, EFM, ne Mm MIP = ower, crm Stotehtomes Calculation (ctement) 2B mebvrn, Cmeanuee, ) The Co-e4Riclen- of lealinees chembent, equahonnr ave called, aiolthiomeddea co efRetenta Chemical equation. ba talenced by Wk and rtal, enethod ot aloo Aah and error me nod « ) dSeibe owe the cornet Formulae, of Ke noockanis © praducds D) Dalene tne ced of on oe 3) » . Ay ow . - Oo # 5 veafy He ne, of atoms of ech. olemenk Vs belonced | she fina equatin.Pole, Concept \n SolaHor et OD MHolecthy (ra) |b) olalihy Cw), 6) Merwatthy (W), 3) Ranely( ®) wale, FracKon, Cx), 4) mar freNon, (x) 1 29 Mem or Wielgh y) Ports per ™WNon. (Pm), \ Molacthy: ‘ emclosta Sho dePinedk an He. number ef wolen af Solvie, ta LL of He nolutton, salevihy (in = No. moter of Solvbe Wel af Sloe ta, een. Metin P Solvent = Lah boom » Solvte a seme » oluie 2, oo mola My a) ‘bar Hh) Molar “ mana Gf solent = Mas, + Solute em, = We Tus, A Veo! Unt) We Molar of & SoloHon, Velen rdone Wha, AN Cinme) eee Volsmes@P cw Solukon ne SR nl dependant . 5 2 Tun Vso Cod) Molalty: Siro defsed av the number of trator orf Solvte, Premenhe 1, of Solvent. er = NOed woleref Solvte 2 ND. = Man ef Solent in ‘a: Caley NG Tha, & Ww, Man er Waight of Solvent(Wh)= 4, & Wy = Wel, Solve, m We = ag fin igs = au, ML gh Weight of Solve = Vans % sey i 1700 a S AWIO 2. Wy = (Ws 2) = Cords) ake We x | gv. T= Ra x Wy wy Xx Loe oS oo, Pau, < (Vso Xin, 2) Percentage Colwyae oe “ist bepeestre:— trol of a salstivn. deoanat ohare, sith Hl P Since, marr Cemalns Unchen Lota temp. i at P Formula dp convert malarity (Mm) Ao motel! | den =m (Mee ad) | 4 (my and vice verna » | Nocmaly t, Shan definch, pala icctnomiver of oon ayuelvaten oe she. Adute a IL Pte Solvtton anh to denotect N. Noe BoP gem Syelvalart of He solve Velome of sglonoa tn L + WX lou awn mI mine Fu, * Van) Se Mal) wy X Lov | Thee N= Ax. Nernality eynatorni- Ny ay NAY Navy ely y= Mola ion | paslend eee = Nay | = = Mav. MUX = Marty “Be nevtraltaabor_ f vm € an aalg, weer mola My and baotelt Me by Yyome 4 A bane with molarily Ma and actdihy Mig Nah) = Molva When, tule reactant A anck GB, WHA ng arding males reach, then _ ava > Move a na. a \ formality 13h loud do ep peens the comcantahoref the rolvhane &L tonic. compounds plece of molarity, Germ > edhe emule. celyntaPtee Compound > vol (int), We x LOUD. Focroule aalgie fete compomd xx Vg,,(" 4) ound gemRo. p4 Mele Breon (1): 5} va Me wate ef rombor wot of perticwlar c. Component tote number of moles of the noon. St la AeroleA by Mer eymbo! %. Mole freon Gf Solvent A > Ka Xp tXq th 1» Xa rh, w - ® [Moe 2M , mate WH oe, perks ber Mon CAPM) 2- Qe lodePred, or-He mann op notte Winoheel 18M eng eufontk pack (108) ePote mare af SeleHon, 94 ln doveted | SY PPm. Pen enn ef Solute 108 Wer’ . Wsol+ Mang f Solvhon Mewdnenn af) dee! 5) iherdaen ef coaler duet Wernbonater, heorid, and Aulphates f Cam arch Mg . S) Te hardncont deraporary Ave hy biabonstes and Permanent doe to Alerter and pulphaten\P Grand Mg* © The ewlent of berdnend la ke ihe oe hand nora deine cv the number of per 4 weigh Caco, prrent per sniiten parla EY wet gat 4 tonter, Crees Hardnens © ae Pepestrewtel. Haat ent YIAhI— — bereend yield = / Be fesse SEAS ee cee elec ye x00 Rew. ye The wachanbuahich te prevent te Hae, lemer— tH : wg adhe rinetnn ondh oflertat wo Peter owount Vo : cad evee phe mmmount f the otter place peach. daben ahi reac tek rpecrert 2 \p coulled bang rengpst Lire Ho© Motor Volume! — Recording to Avogedras hypotrenia—> cquak Nolume. a different gues Under rlmilan candilons of emp And Promure, Contain, epek 1. 4 molecule. Amol uP arn ok & data, 243% Na molecu! f eny gan ok Sip Lake, 243K) > ta molecuen Bin calle 2 — wh ty 22414 molar volume . Cevperi mentally) ‘ at ST Voluene, 22°41 ——_ Aboente.ntinn of He &e geno" pyprtens Chamant | etookance, gr » Moleevlar Man Dvvvrtenee, 60 2x10 M0. of adorn] chi Molecolen | iow \opecien - ® LoaehAmidh so The no oP molecules pererk tn Lemof an \eal ae ak sip o called YorchdAmidt number - 23, = GO22KO 264 zie 22 oor Nuwerteals , @ How oem Speen are tere. In Ore atom ja-abn sc dose | 6023 x\0°> aor = 166210 Sm chem on mole i roms = groan? > ® vo remy env ih tool take, to pend Arogadvals number ef vopcen at he, vale of lelKleh rupee per] see, fo lakh = 10. \ ovvogg. drole ho. f Tupeeg = 6 022 xI0°3 108 Tupeen —> Ino Naa > 6022x1023 Buon 4 094K” O° 60 XS 0% 24x 365 yn