S.S.V.P.S.B.S.D.

POLYTECNIC COLLEGE DEOPUR,

DHULE

A
PROJECT REPORT
ON

“MULTI-PURPOSE CRAWLER”

PRESENTED BY:
Ansari MD. Farhan
Bhadane Lalit Bharat
Mitkar Gajanan Hanumant
Khonde Naresh Ravindra

Guided By
Prof. S.E. Chaudhari

Prof. S.E. Chaudhari Prof. R.S. Tathed

(Project guide) (H.O.D.)

Prof. P.B. Kachave

(External Examiner)

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 S.S.V.P.S.B.S.D. POLYTECNIC COLLEGE DEOPUR, DHULE

CERTIFICATE

This is to certifY that

Ansari MD. Farhan
Bhadane Lalit Bharat
Mitkar Gajanan Hanumant
Khonde Naresh Ravindra

Has successfully completed their project report entitled

“MULTI-PURPOSE CRAWLER”

Prof. S.E. Chaudhari Prof. R.S. Tathed

(Project guide) (H.O.D.)

Prof. P.B. Kachave

(External Examiner)

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 Acknowledgements

It is a matter of great pleasure for us to submit the project report on Multi-purpose crawler as
a part of curriculum for the award of Diploma in Civil Engineering, diploma of MSBTE,
Mumbai (MS).
We are thankful to our project guide Prof. S.E. Chaudhari and HOD Prof. R.S. Tathed of
Mechanical Engineering Department and Prof. P. B. Kachave, Principal of the Institute for
their constant encouragement and able guidance.
We take this opportunity to express our deep sense of gratitude towards those who have
helped us in various ways directly or indirectly for the successful completion of
our project work.

PROJECT REPORT PRESENTED BY:

Sr no. Name of student Enrolment no. Seat no.

1 Ansari MD. Farhan 2100590181
2 Bhadane Lalit Bharat 2100590182
3 Mitkar Gajanan Hanumant 2100590194
4 Khonde Naresh Ravindra 2200590339

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Abstract :

A OFF ROAD VEHICLE IS A FOUR – WHELL VEHICLE designed and meant for
farmers helping purpose only ( thought in some countries it is used for fun personal uses). It
is a small four – wheeler run on petrol engine. It is a racing vehicle made on a smaller scale
or in made to give the feel of the racing cars but in the racing buggy it cannot provide Free
space but in our project we have provided a free space for farming instrument settle down .
vehicle is not a factor made products; it can be made by any automobile or mechanical
students. This report describes the process and methodology to a low – cost vehicle. Simple
but innovative. We are reviewing the data in various paper’s about buggy. We will review
various petrol engine type of vehicle. We have kept our focus majorly on farmers help and
the data presented in the paper’s one of the front runner’s in the area of farming
technology. The objective of this paper is to construct an efficient off road vehicle , for the
daily commuters so that they can travel a short distance that they need to commute every
day on a reliable and economical off road vehicle that essential runs on a petrol.

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 Chapter 1

Introduction :
The multi purpose crawler is equipped with a robust steel frame that gives the chassis
stability and improves off- road handling. Heavy Duty suspension links and sophisticated
wheel suspension allow you to tackle technically challenging terrain with ease. Compared to
road-going motorcycles, off-road machines are simpler and lighter, having long suspension
travel, high ground clearance, and rugged construction with little bodywork and no fairings
for less damage in spills. Wheels have knobby tires, often clamped to the rim with a rim lock.

The oil-filled shock absorbers of off-road crawler offer a smooth ride, even in the roughest
off-road conditions.

Multi purpose crawler provides innovative steering assistance to help control the vehicle on
slippery and uneven tracks. The system is continuously variable and corrects the line. This
does not affect the throttle position, but only the steering movement.

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 Chapter 2
CONCEPT REFINEMENT

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 Chapter 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Types of off road buggies
*Sand rail buggies
*Racing buggies
*Custom buggies
*Utility buggies

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Sand rail buggies:

Sand rail buggies are specialized off-road vehicles designed primarily for use on sand dunes
and beaches. Here’s some key information about sand rail buggies:
1 Design: Sand rail buggies have a distinctive design characterized by their open-frame
construction. They often lack traditional body panels, doors, and roofs, focusing instead on a
lightweight tubular frame that maximizes performance on sand.
2 Chassis: The chassis of a sand rail buggy is typically made of high-strength steel tubing or
aluminium. This lightweight yet durable construction allows for better handling and agility
on soft sand surfaces.
3 Engine: Sand rail buggies are commonly powered by high-performance engines, such as
modified Volkswagen air-cooled engines or motorcycle engines. These engines are chosen
for their power-to-weight ratio and reliability in off-road conditions.
4 Suspension: To handle the demands of sand dune driving, sand rail buggies are equipped
with specialized suspension systems. Long-travel suspension with adjustable shock absorbers
is common, allowing for smooth rides over uneven terrain and jumps.
5 Tires: Sand rail buggies are fitted with wide, paddle-style tires designed specifically for
traction on sand. The large surface area of these tires helps the buggy float over soft surfaces
like sand dunes without sinking.
6 Safety Features: While sand rail buggies have an open design, safety remains a priority.
Many sand rail buggies are equipped with roll cages, harnesses, and other safety features to
protect occupants during high-speed manoeuvres and rollovers.
7 Purpose: Sand rail buggies are primarily used for recreational purposes, including dune
bashing, beach cruising, and sand drag racing. Their lightweight construction, powerful
engines, and specialized tires make them ideal for navigating sandy terrain with agility and
speed.
8 Customization: Like other off-road vehicles, sand rail buggies offer ample opportunities for
customization. Enthusiasts often modify their buggies with aftermarket parts, engine
upgrades, suspension enhancements, and personalized paint schemes to suit their preferences
and performance goals.

Overall, sand rail buggies combine lightweight design, powerful engines, and specialized
features to deliver an exhilarating off-road experience specifically tailored for sand dune
environments.

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Racing buggies:

Racing buggies, also known as off-road racing vehicles or desert racing buggies, are purpose-
built off-road vehicles designed for competitive racing across rugged terrains. Here is some
key information about racing buggies:

1 Design and Construction: Racing buggies have a specialized design optimized for high-
speed performance and durability in off-road conditions. They typically feature tubular steel
or aluminium chassis for strength and lightness, along with reinforced roll cages for occupant
safety.
2 Suspension: Racing buggies are equipped with advanced suspension systems, including
long-travel shocks, coil overs, and independent suspension setups. These components are
designed to absorb impacts, provide stability at high speeds, and maintain traction over
uneven terrain.

3 Engine: Racing buggies are powered by high-performance engines capable of delivering

significant horsepower and torque. Common engine options include modified V8 engines,
turbocharged or supercharged powerplants, and high-output off-road racing engines.
4 Transmission: Most racing buggies use rugged transmissions, such as sequential gearboxes
or specialized off-road racing transmissions, to handle the demands of racing. These
transmissions allow for quick gear changes and efficient power delivery to the wheels.

5 Tires: Racing buggies are equipped with specially designed off-road racing tires that offer
excellent grip, durability, and puncture resistance. Tire sizes and tread patterns are chosen
based on the racing conditions, such as desert racing, short course racing, or rock crawling.
6 Safety Features: Safety is a top priority in racing buggies. They are equipped with features
like racing harnesses, bucket seats, fire suppression systems, onboard communication
systems, and GPS navigation to ensure driver and co-driver safety during intense racing
events.

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7 Classes and Competitions: Racing buggies compete in various off-road racing classes, such
as Trophy Truck, Class 1, Class 10, and Ultra4, depending on the racing organization and
regulations. Popular off-road racing events include the Baja 1000, Dakar Rally, SCORE
International races, and King of the Hammers.
8Customization: Racing buggies are often extensively customized and modified to suit
specific racing disciplines, terrain types, and driver preferences. Modifications may include
engine upgrades, suspension tuning, aerodynamic enhancements, and weight reduction
measures.

Racing buggies combine cutting-edge technology, rugged construction, and high-

performance components to tackle the challenges of off-road racing, making them thrilling
and competitive machines in the world of motorsports.

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Custom buggies:

Custom buggies, often referred to as custom off-road buggies or custom sand rails, are
personalized off-road vehicles tailored to specific preferences, performance requirements,
and intended usage. Here’s some key information about custom buggies:

1 Design and Construction: Custom buggies are built on custom-designed chassis or modified
existing chassis. They can feature various designs, including tube frame construction, space
frame designs, or even chassis adapted from other vehicles like dune buggies, trucks, or
SUVs.
2 Engine: Custom buggies can be powered by a wide range of engines, depending on the
desired performance characteristics. Engine options may include high-performance V8
engines, turbocharged or supercharged engines, rotary engines, or even motorcycle engines
for lightweight buggies.

3 Suspension: The suspension system of custom buggies is often custom-tuned or upgraded

to meet specific off-road challenges. This can include long-travel shocks, adjustable coil
overs, independent suspension setups, and reinforced components for durability and
performance
4 Tires and Wheels: Custom buggies are equipped with off-road tires and wheels suited to
their intended terrain and usage. Tire sizes, tread patterns, and tire compounds can be selected
based on factors like mud performance, sand traction, rock crawling ability, or all-around off-
road capabilities.
5 Body and Styling: The bodywork of custom buggies varies widely based on design
preferences and functionality. Some custom buggies feature minimal body panels for weight
reduction and improved visibility, while others may have custom-fabricated body kits for
aerodynamics, aesthetics, and protection.
6 Interior: The interior of custom buggies is customized to enhance driver and passenger
comfort, safety, and convenience. This may include racing seats, harnesses, roll cages,
instrumentation, navigation systems, audio systems, and climate control features.

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7 Purpose: Custom buggies are built for diverse purposes, including recreational off-roading,
sand dune driving, rock crawling, desert racing, and utility work. Builders and owners can
tailor the buggy’s specifications, features, and performance characteristics to suit their
specific needs and preferences.
8 Customization Options: The customization options for custom buggies are virtually
limitless. Builders and owners can modify virtually every aspect of the vehicle, including
suspension geometry, engine tuning, drivetrain components, lighting systems, body panels,
paint schemes, and more.

Overall, custom buggies represent a blend of creativity, engineering prowess, and off-road
expertise, allowing enthusiasts to create personalized off-road machines that excel in their
chosen environments and activities.

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Utility buggies:

1 Utility buggies, also known as utility task vehicles (UTVs) or side-by-sides (SxS), are
versatile off-road vehicles designed for a range of tasks and recreational activities. Here's
some key Information about utility buggies:

2 Design: Utility buggies typically feature a side-by-side seating arrangement for two or more
passengers. They have a sturdy frame and body construction to withstand off-road conditions.
Some models offer enclosed cabins with doors, roofs, and windshields for added comfort and
protection.
3 Engine: Utility buggies are powered by gasoline engines, ranging from small, efficient
options to larger, more powerful ones suitable for heavy-duty tasks. Electric utility buggies
are also becoming popular due to their quiet operation, lower emissions, and ease of
maintenance.

4 Transmission: Most utility buggies come with automatic transmissions and selectable 2WD
(two-wheel drive) or 4WD (four-wheel drive) modes. This allows drivers to adjust traction
based on the terrain they are navigating.
5 Cargo Bed: One of the defining features of utility buggies is their cargo bed located at the
rear. This bed can vary in size and payload capacity, allowing users to transport tools,
equipment, supplies, and cargo for various tasks. Some models have tilting or dumping cargo
beds for easy loading and unloading.

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6 Towing Capability: Utility buggies are equipped with towing capabilities, including a hitch
receiver for towing trailers, equipment, and implements. Towing capacities vary depending
on the model and engine size, with some UTVs capable of towing significant loads.
7 Suspension: To handle rough terrain and provide a smooth ride, utility buggies feature
independent suspension systems with shock absorbers. This setup helps absorb bumps and
impacts, enhancing overall comfort and stability.

8 Safety Features: Safety is a priority in utility buggies, with features such as roll-over
protection structures (ROPS), seat belts, and occupant protection systems. Some models may
also include features like doors, windshields, and roofs for additional safety and weather
protection.
9 Versatility: Utility buggies are used for a wide range of applications, including farming,
ranching, landscaping, construction, hunting, recreational trail riding, and outdoor
adventures. They offer versatility, manoeuvrability, and off-road capabilities that make them
valuable tools for both work and play.

Overall, utility buggies are reliable, rugged, and multipurpose vehicles designed to tackle
various tasks and terrain types, making them popular among outdoor enthusiasts,
professionals, and recreational users.

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 CHAPTER 4
History
Side-by-side vehicles have long served as multipurpose vehicles across various industries and
uses, but just how far back does its history go?
Whether you know them as UTVs (Utility Task Vehicles), off-road vehicles, or simply
buggies, side-by-sides have become a staple used in off-road adventures and outdoor
recreation. These versatile machines have a history that dates back to World War II.
But before our history lesson, let’s take a step back and define side-by-sides.
What is a Side-by-Side Utility Vehicle?
Side-by-side vehicles (SSV) are a type of off-road vehicle with a minimum of two seats
positioned side by side and enclosed with a cage structure. These vehicles have steering
wheels and foot controls for operation and have a minimum of four wheels.
SSVs are called by many names. Here are some of the popular ones:
Multipurpose Off-Highway Utility Vehicles (MOHUV)
Utility Vehicle
Utility Task Vehicle (UTV)
Ultra-Terrain Vehicle (UTV)
Unlimited Terrain Vehicle (UTV)
Off-Road vehicle (ORV)
Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV)
Recreational Utility Vehicle (RUV)
Recreational Off-Road Vehicle
Side-by-Side (SXS)
Since its humble beginnings, SSVs have become popular workhorses in agriculture, mining,
and events. But how have these buggies evolved since their inception?
The First Side By Sides: 1940s – 1950s
SSVs have evolved from many influencing off-road vehicles, which explains the multiple
names they’re given! The first recorded off-road vehicles were seen in World War II,
although they were not known as side-by-side vehicles then.
The first mass-produced off-roaders were Jeeps in 1942. Known as the Willys Quad, these
Jeeps were created due to a demand from the U.S. Army for a ¼ ton “light reconnaissance
vehicle.” Although SSVs have evolved from the humble Jeep, we can see how the first off-
roader has influenced the vehicles we ride today.
The early Jeeps, while functional in the military, were too heavy for other uses – which
prompted the creation of dune buggies in the 1960s.
Exploring Its Uses: 1960s – 1970s
The surfing lifestyle was trendy in the 60s and 70s, and a buggy was needed to get a better
range across sands. The first popularised dune buggy was the Meyers Manx, made by Bruce
Meyers from 1964 to 1971. Unlike the Jeeps, dune buggies are built with a lighter base frame
with an open-top design – making them easier to handle in open sand.
The 1960s also saw the rise of ATVs. The first ATV was the Jiger ATV, a 6-wheel drive, all-
terrain, fully amphibious vehicle originating from Canada. The original Jiger was used for
work and adventure, but sales were slow due to a niche market and a higher price point.
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This wasn’t to say that the ATV was a failed product. Thanks to its lower fuel consumption
than tractors, it was highly popular among farmers who used it as farm buggies. One could
even say that ATVs influenced the design of SSVs today and paved the way for an affordable
utility off-road vehicle in the 1980s.

The Rise of Side-By-Sides: 1980s

By the 1980s, consumers were familiar with the multiple uses of off-road vehicles, and a
demand was there for a powerful workhorse that could combine both. In 1982, Japanese car
manufacturer Suzuki developed the first ever 4-wheel UTV, the Kawasaki MULE (Multi-Use
Light Equipment), which was a unique combination of a truck and an ATV.
With a deadly combination of versatility, functionality, and power, the MULE shot to fame
among individuals and businesses. The MULE was widely used in the agriculture and
commercial sectors for carrying heavier loads and going about with ease.
Until today, the Kawasaki MULE is an iconic vehicle that pioneered the agriculture industry
and became a standard for many SSVs to follow. It’s also the off-road vehicle that kickstarted
1800BUGGIES, being the first set of UTVs purchased as our utility vehicles for hire.
The Fun Begins - 2000s
One of the earliest UTVs designed for work and recreational use was the Yamaha Rhino in
2004. With a smaller design and a larger cargo bed, it was a great vehicle for multiple uses,
paving the way for users looking for both work and play.
Another notable vehicle in this space is the Polaris RZR in 2007, a UTV with a smaller width
that made it the first for trail riding. Kawasaki also launched its Terex 750 4x4 in 2008 as a
response to the demand for RUVs (Recreation Utility Vehicles).
The Future of UTVs
SSVs have come a long way since the first Jeep, but there’s the promise of more changes as
they adapt to industry demands.
We’ll continue to see the rise of farm UTVs with the implementation of a law that requires all
ATVs to be fitted with an ‘Operator Protective Device’ (OPD) – making the market
unattractive for ATV manufacturers. Additionally, the load-carry functionality of an SSV
also makes it more attractive to many farmers and workers.
UTV safety is also another aspect that will continue to see growth, as manufacturers and
retailers will be pushed to ensure users are using the right SSV for their needs. Safety training
will become more critical as more users find value in these amazing vehicles.
SSV rentals are also gaining momentum as businesses, farmers, and event organisers realise
the cost savings in hiring a buggy. A company like 1800BUGGIES is Australia’s largest
rental fleet of ATVs and other utility vehicles, providing businesses with side-by-sides for
hire, including the Kawasaki MULE, Polaris Ranger Crew, UTVs and Medical Mules.

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 Chapter 5
Construction

The design is usually a roofless vehicle with a rear-mounted engine. A buggy is

created by making custom made parts, modifying existing parts and applying
standard parts such as a motorcycle engine, drive shafts and brake callipers.

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The multipurpose crawler consists of
following parts:

Sr.no Part name Specification Quantity

1 Engine It generate the torque 1

2 Suspension Absorb shocks 4

3 Steering Give direction 1

4 Chassis Foundation structure of car that 1

supports it from underneath
5 Tyre It helps to move smoothly 4

7 Frame The main supporting structure 1

8 Hydraulic Drum Control the speed of vehicle 4

brakes

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Engine

Engine

Type Two stroke, forced air cooled, SI engine

Bore x stroke, mm 57 / 57

No. of cylinders One

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Displacement 145.45 cc

Compression ratio 10.0 ± 0.7 : 1

Max. Power, kW @ rpm 5.24 kW @ 5000 rpm

Max. Torque, Nm @ rpm 12.17 N.m a@ 3500

Air cleaner type Oil Bath Type

Clutch Type Wet multidisc type

Transmission

Transmission 4 Forward + 1 Reverse

Design: Two-stroke engines are simpler in design compared to four-stroke

engines. They have fewer moving parts, making them lighter and more
compact, which is advantageous for smaller vehicles like auto rickshaws.

Combustion Cycle: Unlike four-stroke engines that complete the combustion

cycle in four strokes (intake, compression, power, exhaust), two-stroke engines
complete it in just two strokes (compression/ignition and exhaust). This results
in a power stroke for every revolution of the crankshaft, making two-stroke
engines relatively more powerful for their size.
Fuel and Oil Mixing: One distinctive feature of two-stroke engines is that they
require a mixture of fuel and oil for lubrication and combustion. In the case of
auto rickshaws, typically a ratio of petrol (gasoline) and two-stroke oil is used.

Power and Efficiency: Two-stroke engines are known for their higher power-to-
weight ratio compared to four-stroke engines of similar size. However, they
tend to be less fuel-efficient and emit more pollutants due to incomplete
combustion and the need for oil in the fuel mixture.

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Maintenance: Two-stroke engines are generally easier to maintain because of
their simpler design. However, they may require more frequent servicing and
attention to ensure proper lubrication and combustion.
Environmental Impact: The use of two-stroke engines has raised environmental
concerns due to higher emissions of hydrocarbons and particulate matter. Many
regions have implemented regulations or incentives to encourage the transition
to cleaner, more efficient four-stroke or electric engines.

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 Suspension

Shock absorbers, also known as dampers, are essential components of a

vehicle's suspension system. They work alongside springs to dampen and
control the oscillations of the vehicle's body caused by road irregularities,
ensuring a smooth and stable ride. Here's more detailed information about shock
absorbers:

Function: Shock absorbers primarily serve to dampen the vibrations and

movements of the vehicle's suspension system. They absorb energy generated
when the vehicle encounters bumps, dips, or other imperfections on the road,

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preventing excessive bouncing and maintaining tire contact with the road
surface.

Steering

Components: The steering rack system consists of several components,

including the steering rack itself, tie rods, inner and outer tie rod ends, and the
steering shaft.
Steering Rack: The steering rack is a long metal bar with gear teeth along its
length. It is mounted parallel to the front axle and connected to the steering
shaft.
Steering Shaft: The steering shaft connects the steering wheel to the steering
rack. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the shaft transfers this rotational
motion to the steering rack.
Tie Rods: Tie rods are crucial for transmitting the steering force from the rack to
the steering knuckles, which then turn the wheels. They are connected to both
ends of the steering rack and extend to the steering knuckles.

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Inner and Outer Tie Rod Ends: These are ball joints that connect the tie rods to
the steering rack and steering knuckles. They allow for flexibility and
movement as the steering system operates.
Power Steering: In modern vehicles, power steering systems assist in steering
effort. They can be hydraulic or electric, providing additional force to make
steering easier, especially at low speeds or when parking.
Maintenance: Proper maintenance of the steering rack system is essential for
safe driving. This includes regular checks for leaks (in hydraulic systems),
alignment checks, and ensuring that tie rod ends are in good condition
Common Issues: Some common issues with the steering rack system include
leaks in hydraulic systems, worn tie rod ends leading to steering play or uneven
tire wear, and alignment problems causing steering drift or pulling to one side.

Overall, the steering rack system plays a vital role in vehicle control and safety,
making it crucial to ensure it is properly maintained and functioning correctly.

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 Chassis

The chassis of a vehicle is its foundational framework that provides structural

support and houses various mechanical components, including the engine,
suspension system, steering mechanism, and drivetrain. Here's detailed
information about chassis:

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Tyre

Load Capacity 950kg

Size/Dimension 4.00-8

Tyre Brand MNT

Material Type Rubber

Overall Dia Mm 862mm

Tyre Model Number MNTR-999

Ply Rating 8

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Rim Width 5.5 Inch

IP BAR 3.7

Cross Section Width 210mm

Frame

The frame of an off-road vehicle serves several critical functions that are
essential for its performance and durability in challenging terrain. Here are the
key functions of an off-road car frame:

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Hydraulic Drum brake

A hydraulic drum brake system is a type of braking system used in vehicles,

particularly in older cars and some heavy-duty applications.

Overall, while hydraulic drum brake systems have been widely used and are
still found in some vehicles today, many newer vehicles are equipped with more
advanced disc brake systems due to their improved performance and ease of
maintenance.

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 Working hours

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 CHAPTER 6
COST ESTIMATION
READY MATERIAL
Sr. no Name of part Cost per part Quantity Total cost
1 Engine 3500 1 5000
2 Suspension 1500 4 6000
3 Tyre 1100 4 4400
4 Metal sheet 1700 2 3400
5 C channel 600 2 1200
6 Hallow pipe 800 4 2400
7 Master cylinder 500 1 500
8 Propeller shaft 150 2 300
9 Seat 300 1 300
10 Steering assembly 1500 1 1500
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 11 Wheel hub 500 4 2000
12 Brake drum 150 4 600
13 Brake shoe 250 4 1000
14 Silencer 1350 1 1350
15 Accelerator cable 90 1 90
16 Clutch cable 120 1 120
17 Reverse cable 110 1 110
18 Carburettor 800 1 800
Total 31070

Machining cost
Sr. no Name of machine Process Cost

1 Electrical welding machine Welding 2000

2 Electrical grinder Cutting 250

3 Bench grinder Cutting 450

4 Radial drill machine Drilling 400

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 5 TIG welding Welding 550

Total 3650

Total cost of project = cost of ready material + machining cost

Total cost of project = 31070 + 3650

Total cost of project = 34720

Chapter 7

ADVANTAGES
When it comes to off-road vehicles, there are a lot of options to
choose from. But when you need a vehicle that can handle the
challenges of industrial terrain, an off-road utility vehicle is the best
choice.

Here are some of the benefits of using industrial off-road utility

vehicles

 Are rugged and operate in difficult-to-access terrain

 Can be used for a wide range of applications
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 Are highly manoeuvrable
 Are equipped with a variety of features
 Improve fuel economy and emissions performance
 Are easy to operate
 Are comfortable

DISADVANTAGES

 Limited versatility across different terrains.

 Higher upfront and maintenance costs.
 Restricted visibility due to protective frame.

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 CHAPTER 8
APPLICATION

Can be used for a wide range of applications

Many people think of industrial off-road utility vehicles as nothing more than
oversized golf carts. However, these versatile vehicles can be used for a wide
range of applications, from hauling materials to providing transportation
 Uses in farms to carry farming equipment
 Off road

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 Chapter 8
Future scope
 In future we can improve this vehicle by providing some more
attachments, sensors, etc.

 We can also convert this vehicle into electric , by changing the with
electrical motor

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 Chapter 9
Conclusion

Off-road dune buggies are designed for use on rough terrains such as
sand dunes, rocky terrain, and beaches. They are not equipped with
the necessary features for driving on public roads and are not street
legal. Off-road dune buggies are designed to withstand the stress and
strain of off-road driving

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 Chapter 10
Reference
 www.google.com

 www.wikepedia.com

 Project guide: Prof. S. E. Chaudhari Sir

 HOD: Prof. T.H.Tathed sir

 Principle: Prof. P. B. Kachave Sir

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  All Mechanical Department First Shift Staff

 All Workshop Expert Prof. Staff

 Last but not least we thank the almighty and express our sincere
gratitude for all Friends, Family for their support.

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