9dw.

After midterm

Name;
Date
Section
Points. 10/10

Test Topic 8. Watch keeping principles in general including the

protection of marine environment.

Type or write your answer with a clean paper, screen shot the answer
and send to my messenger today.

1. To whom the first report rendered in the oil pollution contingency plan of
the vessel?

Port authorities

Ship's owner

Ship's agent

Coast guard

2. You discharge garbage at sea. When recording your vessel's position as

required you must include,

Latitude and longitude, wind direction and speed.

Latitude and longitude, and estimated distance from shore.

 Latitude and longitude and approximate depth of water.

Latitude and longitude only.

3. Special areas provisions are contained in annexes I, II, IV, V and

VI.

True

False

4. The oil record book is required to be carried aboard,

Tankers

Passenger vessels

Cargo vessels

All of the above

5. When oil is discharged overboard, an entry is required in the,

Engine rough log

Oil Record Book

Official Logbook

Deck rough log

6. Each completed operation shall be signed by the officer or

officers in charge of the operations concerned and each
completed page shall be signed by the,
 Chief engineer

Master

Port authority

Ship owner

7. The Master must maintain the Oil Record Book on board for at least,

1 month

12 months

24 months

36 months

8. Response to an oil spill: In case of oil spill the proper sequence

of combating a spill is, EXCEPT,

stop or minimize the outflow of oil

containment

clean-up

abandon ship

9. The SEEMP must be developed as a ship-specific plan by the

shipping company. The SEEMP seeks to improve a ship's
energy efficiency through,
 Planning

Piloting

Look out

Helmsman

10.What does SOPEP stand for?

Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plans

Shipboard Oil Pollution and Environmental Protection

Shipboard Oil Prevention and Environmental Protection

Spill of Oil Prevention and Environmental Protection

Test Topic 7. Answer key. Watch Keeping and Procedure

1. Master's Bridge Standing Order/Night Order/Log Book,

No expiry until the Master issues another night order.

From sundown to sunrise.

 From the time it is issued until sunrise.

24-hour period.

2. The Night Order Book includes the following EXCEPT?

Fix intervals

Ship's navigation policy

Maintain ship's speed at all times

Minimum CPA

3. What is the period required for the ship's personnel in the

consumption of alcohol prior commencing a watch?

10 hours

8 hours

6 hours

4 hours
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in respect to the OOW?

He should be aware of any work being carry out in vicinity

of the radar and radio signals.

He ensures that an efficient lookout is maintain at all

times.
 He ensures that an efficient lookout is maintain at all
times.

He should keep his watch on the bridge but can leave

anytime if necessary.

5. While the Pilot is maneuvering the vessel to a dock, what is the

primary responsibility of the OOW?

Records the bells and their time in the bell book.

Judges the appropriateness of the pilot orders.

Ensures that helm and throttle orders given by the pilot are
correctly executed.

Supervises the signaling and flag etiquette.

6. The OOW should bear in mind the necessity to comply at all
times with requirement of the Regulation 19 chapter V of the
International convention for,

COLREGS

MARPOL 73/78

STCW 95

SOLAS 1974

7. AN OOW during navigation shall,

 In no way leave the bridge if not properly relieved.

Leave the bridge during emergency only.

Leave the bridge only during clear weather and no ship in

the vicinity.

Leave the bridge only when Master is on the bridge.

8. Which of the following statement CORRECT?

I. The officer in charge of the watch shall keep his watch on

the bridge which he shall in no circumstances leave until
properly relieved.
II. The officer in charge of the watch shall continue to be
responsible for the safe navigation of the ship despite the
presence of the master on the bridge until the master
informs him specifically that he has assumed that
responsibility and this mutually understood.

Neither I and II

II only

I only

Both I and II

9. Under STCW code, which is the primary duties of an OOW?

I. Master's representative
 II. Responsible at all times for the safe navigation of the ship.

Both l and ll

Neither l nor

ll only

l only

10. Before commencing sole look-out watch keeping, the

master should be satisfied on each of the following occasion,
EXCEPT :

The OOW has had sufficient rest to commencing watch.

The anticipated workload is well within his capacity to

maintain proper lookout.

The OOW has the full capability to such watch.

No back-up assistance is required.

PROCESS FOR INTRODUCTION OF A ROUTEING SYSTEM

IMO's Responsibilities IMO's responsibility for ships' routeing is also

enshrined in SOLAS Chapter V, regulation 10, which recognises the
Organization as the only international body for establishing such
systems, while Rule 10 of the COLREGs prescribes the conduct of
vessels when navigating through traffic separation schemes adopted
by IMO.

IMO'S responsibilities are also determined under the United Nations

Convention on Law of The Sea (UNCLOS), which designates IMO as
"the competent international organization" in matters of navigational
safety, safety of shipping traffic and marine environmental protection.

In 1977, the Assembly authorised the Maritime Safety Committee

(MSC) to adopt traffic separation schemes on behalf of IMO, in order
to speed up the procedure.

(The MSC normally meets twice a year, the Assembly only once every
two years). Governments intending to establish a new routeing
system, or amend an existing one, must submit proposed routeing
measures to IMO's Sub-Committee on Safety of Navigation (NAV),
which then evaluates the proposal and makes recommendations
regarding its adoption.
The recommendation is then passed to the MSC for adoption.

Traffic Considerations Before a traffic routeing system is made

mandatory, following aspects are taken into account :

• Routes should follow as closely as possible existing patterns of

traffic flow.
• Course alterations along the route should be as few as possible and
convergence areas and route junctions should be kept to a minimum
and should be as widely separated from each other as possible.
• Route junctions and convergence areas should not be placed where
crossing traffic is expected to be heavy.
• The system should aim to provide safe passage for ships.
IMO takes into consideration the following before a proposal for a
mandatory routeing system is accepted.

Existing and Proposed Aids to Navigation

Routes should be designed to allow optimum use of aids to navigation

in the area. For traffic separation schemes, such aids to navigation
should enable mariners to determine their position with sufficient
accuracy to navigate in accordance with rule 10 of the 1972 Collision
Regulations.

Traffic Patterns Information should be provided to the extent possible

on

• traffic patterns,
• existing traffic management measures,
• the volume or concentration of traffic,
• vessel interactions,
• distance offshore, and
• type and quantity of substances on board (e.g., hazardous cargo,
bunkers).

Information on Surveys

Adequacy of the state of hydrographic surveys and nautical charts in

the area of the proposed routeing system;

Alternative Routeing Measure

 If necessary, alternative routeing measure for certain categories of
ships, or ships carrying certain cargoes which may be excluded from
using a routeing system or any part thereof; and

Offshore Structures

Governments should ensure, as far as practicable, that any drilling

rigs, exploration platforms, and other offshore structures are not
established within the traffic lanes or routeing systems or near their
terminations.

Marine Environmental Considerations

The proposal should contain information on environmental factors,

such as the prevailing weather conditions, tidal streams, and currents,
and the possibility of ice concentrations.

Routeing systems should not be established in areas where the

instability of the seabed is such that frequent changes in the
alignment and positions of the main channels, and thus of the
routeing system itself, are likely.

For proposals intended to protect the marine environment, the

proposal should state whether the proposed routeing system could
reasonably be expected to significantly prevent or reduce the risk of
pollution or other damage to the marine environment of the area
concerned.

The proposal should also contain information on any limitations to

the sea area available for navigation given the overall size of the area
to be protected and the aggregate number of environmentally
sensitive areas established within the area concerned.
DESCRIPTION OF ROUTEING MEASURES

Routeing measures adopted by IMO to improve safety at sea include :

• Two-way routes,
• Recommended tracks,
• Deep water routes (for the benefit primarily of ships whose ability
to Weather is constrained by their draught),
• Precautionary areas (where ships must navigate with particular
caution), and
• Areas to be avoided (for reasons of exceptional danger or especially
sensitive ecological and environmental factors).

Ships' routeing systems and traffic separation schemes that have been
approved by IMO are contained in the IMO Publication, "Ship's
Routeing", a thick volume, which is updated when schemes are
amended or new ones added and which is available on all ships.

This should be in the chart room and be corrected as all other

navigational publications.

The publication includes General provisions on ships' routeing, first

adopted by IMO in 1973, and subsequently amended over the years,
which are aimed at standardising the design, development, charted
presentation and use of routeing measures adopted by IMO. The
nomenclature used in the system are as follows

Traffic Lane
An area within defined limits in which one-way traffic is established.
Natural obstacles, including those forming separation zones, may
constitute a boundary.

Separation Zone or Line

A zone or line separating traffic lanes in which ships are proceeding in

opposite or nearly opposite directions; or separating a traffic lane
from the adjacent sea area; or separating traffic lanes designated for
particular classes of ship proceeding in the same direction.

Roundabout

A separation point or circular separation zone and a circular traffic

lane within defined limits.

Inshore Traffic Zone

This is the designated area between the landward boundary of a

traffic separation scheme and the adjacent coast.

Recommended Route

A route of undefined width, for the convenience of ships in transit,

which is often marked by centreline buoys.

Deep-water Route

A route within defined limits, which has been accurately surveyed for
clearance of sea bottom and submerged articles.

Precautionary Area
An area within defined limits where ships must navigate with particular caution
and within which the direction of flow of traffic may be recommended.

Area to be Avoided

Area within defined limits in which either navigation is particularly

hazardous or it is exceptionally important to avoid casualties and
which should be avoided by all ships, or by certain classes of ships.
Traffic separation schemes and other ship routeing systems have now
been established in most of the major congested shipping areas of the
world, and the number of collisions and grounding has often been
dramatically reduced.

ROUTEING SYSTEMS - GENERAL GUIDELINES ON NAVIGATION

The IMO General Provisions on Ship's Routeing (resolution A.572 (14)

as amended) contain advice on the use of routeing systems in general
as follows :

(a) Unless stated otherwise, routeing systems are recommended for

use by all ships and may be made mandatory for all ships, certain
categories of ships or ships carrying certain cargoes, or types and
quantities of bunker fuel.

(b) Routeing systems are intended for use by day and by night in all
weathers, in ice-free waters or under light ice conditions where no
extraordinary manoeuvres or icebreaker assistance are required.

(c) Bearing in mind the need for adequate under-keel clearance, a

decision to use a routeing system must take into account the charted
depth, the possibility of changes in the sea-bed since the time of the
last survey, and the effects of meteorological and tidal conditions on
water depths.
(d) A shilrnavigating in or near a traffic separation scheme adopted by
IMO shall in particular comply with rule 10 of the 1972 Collision
Regulations to minimize the development of risk of collision with
another ship. The other rules of the 1972 Collision Regulations apply
in all respects, and particularly the rules of part B, sections II and III, if
risk of collision with another ship is deemed to exist.

(e) Atjunction points where traffic from various directions meets, a

true separation of traffic is not possible, as ships may need to cross
routes or change to another route. Ships should therefore navigate
with great caution in such areas and be aware that the mere fact that
a ship is proceeding along a through-going route gives that ship no
special privilege or right of way.

(f) A deep-water route is primarily intended for use by ships which,

because of their draught in relation to the available depth of water in
the area concerned, require the use of such a route. Through traffic to
which the above consideration does not apply should avoid using the
deep water routes, as far as practicable.

(g) Precautionary areas should be avoided, if practicable, by passing

ships not making use of the associated traffic separation schemes or
deep-water routes, or entering or leaving adjacent ports.

(h) In two-way routes, including two-way deep-water routes, ships

should as far as practicable keep to the starboard side.

(i) Arrows printed on charts in connection with routeing systems

merely indicate the general direction of established or recommended
traffic flow; ships need not set their courses strictly along the arrows.
The signal YG, meaning "You appear not to be complying with the
traffic separation scheme" is provided in the International Code of
Signals for appropriate use.