WOMEN:
GROUP 5
PRESENTS:
A SECTORIAL
SITUATIONER Anor
Apostol
Masbate
Cadiente
Apigo Mendoza
Flores
ESENTATION OUTLIN
PR E
TOPIC NO. 1:
TOPIC NO. 3:
WOMEN AND THE
WOMEN AND
ECONOMY
HEALTH
TOPIC NO. 4:
TOPIC NO. 2:
VIOLENCE AGAINST
WOMEN AND
WOMEN AND ARMED
EDUCATION
CONFLICT
ESENTATION OUTLIN
PR E
TOPIC NO. 5: WOMEN IN
POWER AND POLITICS -
DISCRIMINATION AGAINST TOPIC NO. 7:
THE GIRL CHILD WOMEN IN THE
INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES
& IN OTHER SECTORS
TOPIC NO. 6:
WOMEN & THE
ENVIRONMENT AND
DISASTER
WOMEN AND THE
ECONOMY:
Women, Work, and Poverty
WOMEN AT
WORK
There are fewer women than
men at work.
Not only fewer women are
employed, they also
experience a pay gap.
Women faces issues
concerning maternity and
paternity leaves.
WOMEN AND POVERTY
Women as social class are the fifth poorest,
as 15.6% are classified as poor in 2015.
The 2013 gender statistics of the Philippine
Statistics Authority reported that: Women
make up 37.5% (8.3 million) of salaried
workers in the Philippines.
Three out of five women are under
employed; and four out of five women
who's wage earners work full time. #
#
WOMEN &
EDUCATION
WOMEN AND EDUCATION
Gender Parity - means that each
gender is represented equally.
When it comes to education,
gender parity is present in primary
levels not just in the Philippines
but also in the rest of the world.
WOMEN & EDUCATION
• Women may be underrepresented in STEM
fields for both tertiary education and post
graduate studies.
• Women are also underrepresented in
areas/courses that involves physical activities.
THE PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY REPORTED
THE FOLLOWING DATA ON EDUCATION:
• Women have higher basic literacy
and numerical skills than men. Basic • 89.58% of public
literacy is at 96.1% for women and elementary school
about 95.1% for men.
teachers and 77.06% of
• Statistically, 9 out of 100 girls aged public secondary school
six to 11 did not go to primary school, teachers are female
versus 11 in every 100 boys; and (Philippine Statistics
about 80.27% of girls completed
their secondary education versus Authority, 2008-2009).
69.88% of boys.
WOMEN
AND
HEALTH
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE AND SERVICES CONSTITUTE ISSUES
SURROUNDING WOMEN AND HEALTH, AS WELL AS WOMEN'S
EMOTIONAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND SOCIAL WELLNESS.
• Women specific health issues are
often linked to sexual and
reproductive health needs.
• Pregnancy and child birth are still
the main concerns of women aged
15 - 29.
• The average life expectancy of
women has risen to 72, while it is 68
for men.
ACCESS TO SERVICE
• Women seeking treatment for abortion are still stigmatized
SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND RIGHTS
• Teenage pregnancy in the Philippines has been increasing,
specifically a rise of 65% from the years 2000-2010.
The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of
2012 (R.A. 10354) aims to address the gaps in reproductive
health. It guarantees "universal access to all methods of family
planning, fertility management, sexuality education, and
maternal care for all Filipinos.
VIOLENCE
AGAINST
WOMEN &
ARMED
CONFLICT
ADDITIONAL INFO
VIOLENCE AGAINST ACCORDING TO WORLD
WOMEN HEALTH ORGANIZATION:
• Violence against women (VAW) happens
on a global scale, and affects millions of • Most of this violence is intimate
women on a daily basis. partner violence. Almost one third
(30%) of women who have been in
• 1 in 3 women has experienced some form
of VAW in her life (World Health
a relationship and have
Organization, 2017). experienced some form of physical
• 1 in 5 will have experienced attempted or and/or sexual violence by their
actual rape in her lifetime (Centers for intimate partner.
Disease Control and Prevention, 2015).
• Many as 38% of murders of
• HALF of these victims are made up of
girls below the age of 16 worldwide.
women are committed by a male
• 30% of women’s first sexual encounter is . intimate partner.
forced or non-consensual (World
Organization, 2017).
Culture Specific Violence
- defined as any aspect of a culture that can be used to
legitimize violence in its direct or structural form.
Armed Conflict
• Armed conflict is seen as a critical area of concern in
terms of women's participation in peace panels, and
peacekeeping, as well as in terms of their victimization
during conflict around the globe.
• The UN Women Reports states that only seven out of
ten peace agreements had special provision for gender
in 2015.
• Sexual violence, such as rape is seen as war tactics to
instill fear to communities.
WOM
OMEN
IN
POWWER
AND
POL
LITICS
The Philippines made it to the top ten countries
• Women's political participation,
in the World Economic Forum Global Gender
power and leadership goes beyond Gap Index for 2015. It has risen from 13th place
the representation of women in to 7th of the 142 countries surveyed in terms of
parliament, also focusing on the gender equality. The markers for this study
include education, health, economic
influence of women within power participation, and political empowerment.
and decision-making structures and
processes, how women in different • The Philippines ranks high in the said markers
spheres of life are participating and due to the number of women participating in
the election process, as well as those in office.
engaging in politics.
• Women compose only 22% of the • The 2016 elections show that 28,052,138
parliament today. Globally, 143 of registered voters were females while only
195 countries have constitutional 26,311,706 were males.
provisions to ensure gender • the 2013 elections showed that 25% of those
equality. elected for the Senate and 27% of the elected
for the House of Representatives were women.
INSTITUTIONAL
MECHANISMS
AND THE
HUMAN RIGHTS
OF WOMEN
• The Magna Carta of Women is a groundbreaking law that serves
as the "comprehensive bill of rights for Filipino women," that
gender equality is met in various sectors.
• It calls for the abolition of structures that cause gender inequality,
and all forms of discrimination.
Gender Equality And The Advancement Of Women In The
Philippines Are Accomplished Under Three Tracks:
(a) issuance of administrative memorandum circulars by PCW and
partner agencies across the three branches of government;
(b) issuance of guidelines to enhance the capacity of agencies in
gender planning; and
(c) legislative review to amend discriminatory provisions of existing
laws and advocate for the passage of new ones to address festering
and emerging gender issues.
• Despite institutional mechanisms existing for women's
advancement, the human rights of women are still violated in
various ways due to sexism and misogyny that pervade every
aspect of society.
•Rampant sexism and violations against women on the basis of
gender and sex occur, especially on certain laws that are anti-
women.
•The Penal Code, for example, imposes heavier consequences
for women who commit adultery versus men.
WOMEN EXPERIENCE THEIR FIRST FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION
DURING CHILDHOOD. WHEN THIS EXPERIENCE CONTINUES UNTIL
THEIR ADULT LIFE, IT CREATES A SYSTEMATIC CYCLE OF ABUSE.
• Globally, it is the girl-child who is
most vulnerable to harmful cultural
practices.
• other cultures value boys over girls,
girl-children may fall victim to female
infanticide and sex-selective abortion.
• There is a prevalence of forced
marriages that involve marrying young
girls to older men.
• Female circumcision that targets
young girls as a "part of culture"
Women &
Environment
• "Women and the environment" has been named as a critical area of concern due
to the disproportional impact of environmental issues on women.
• Global concerns of women include access to clean water and sanitation, access to
energy, exposure to natural disasters, and lack of consultation and position of
women in decision-making bodies about the environment.
While men and women are equally affected by access to water or the exposure to
disasters, women are more burdened. The caregiving role of women gives them the
task of preparing the daily needs of their children. It means that women cook and
clean, making water and fuel a necessity in their homes.
• Globally, poor women from families without piped water walk around 20
minutes to an hour to get water. They often have to go multiple times a day.
Others also have to collect firewood before cooking.
Time spent on these endeavors is time taken away from a woman's productive
work or educational pursuits.
• women are often excluded from land titles and ownership of other
natural resources.
• women are more pressured to find solutions and borrow money
from different sources.
• During food shortages, women often prioritize the needs of their
husbands and children over their own.
The issues for women and environment in the Philippines lack
control of natural resources, and women in disaster-affected areas."
discussions on women's climate resilience, women's access to and
Lastly, women are not sufficiently involved in decision-making
bodies about environmental management
WOMEN AND DISASTER
Climate change has caused major
disasters such as tsunamis,
typhoons, and hurricanes in various
countries. The Philippines is located
on the Pacific Ring of Fire, a prime
area that places it on an earthquake
belt and in the common pathway for
typhoons. The Philippines' location
and level of development make it
susceptible to the effects of natural
disasters.
Gender and disaster resilience are strongly correlated. Case studies
on post-disaster communities show that women and girls are more
susceptible to the effects of a tragedy.
• Their resilience depends on their economic, cultural, and legal
status.
• Gender inequalities brought about by poverty rates, migration, and
low literacy rates increase women's vulnerability. They are often
obstructed by the social and cultural traditions that limit their
movement, jeopardizing their lives during natural calamities and
even man-made disasters. Most often, being the primary care worker
in households, women tend to think more about how these events
might affect members of the family such as children and other
dependents.
Post-disaster scenarios have
incidences of gender-based
violence that include rape,
human trafficking, and domestic
abuse.
Prostitution also increases in
evacuation areas and temporary
shelters. These situations are
brought about by disaster
management planning that lacks
gender equality in its framework.
According to the United Nations Development Programme in 2013,
14 to 17 million indigenous peoples (IPs) in the Philippines belong to
110 ethno-linguistic groups. They are concentrated in Northern
Luzon (33%) and Mindanao (61%), with the remaining percent
found in other parts of Luzon and the Visayas.
Historically, the indigenous peoples have been subjected to
discrimination and marginalization in the course of political
processes and economic activities. They have little access to the
government's provision of services in education, health, and other
necessities due to location or distance from the capital.
Women in IP communities are heavily affected by IP
issues, as well as the other burdens caused by their
gender.
In some cases, indigenous women deal with
"discriminatory attitudes and insensitivities" of
mainstream health facilities.",
Child marriage is another pressing issue in the
indigenous communities.
Extractive industries such as mining operations also
matter that greatly affect women in the indigenous
communities.
FILIPINO WOMEN IN OTHER SECTORS
In the vast array of resources pertaining to Muslims in the
Philippines, information is limited with regard to disaggregated data
on the population of women in the Muslim communities.
Muslim women in the country are affected by armed conflict.
They have become widows and survivors, and consequently bear
the burden of solely providing for their respective families. Armed
conflicts in Mindanao are reportedly concentrated in Muslim-
majority areas and are considered one of the world's longest-
running violent conflicts.
