Tianjin Airlines

Dangerous Goods Training

Teaching Book
（Applicable to Categories 7-12）

January 2020

This teaching book is for use in Dangerous goods training only and must not replace operational manuals.

Tianjin Airlines Safety Supervision Department

 Table of Contents

Page

Section 1- General Introduction and Applicability……………………………….. 1

Section 2- Classification…………………………………………………………. 5

Section 3- Limitations (including Transport of Lithium Batteries)………………. 9

Section 4- Identification………………………………………………………….. 24

Section 5- Packing………………………………………………………………... 27

Section 6- Labels and Markings………………………………………………….. 28

Section 7- Documentation………………………………………………………... 30

Section 8- Radioactive Material (Basic)………………………………………….. 32

Section 9- Handling………………………………………………………………. 34

Section 10- Emergency Response Guidance……………………………………… 43

Appendix A- Exercises…………………………………………………………… 71

Appendix B- Evaluation on the Dangerous Goods Training……………………… 77 81

SECTION 1- GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND APPLICABILITY

1.1 Definition of Dangerous Goods

Dangerous goods are articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or the
environment and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations or which are
classified according to these Regulations.

1.2 Legal Basis for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
1.2.1 International Laws

• The UN Committee of Experts（SCoETDG）——Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods — Model

Regulations (Orange Book)

• The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) ——Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material

• The International Civil Aviation Organization（ICAO）—— Annex 18 to the Convention on International Civil
Aviation, Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air（TI）and Emergency Response
Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Dangerous Goods（red book）

• International Civil Aviation Organization（ICAO）——Annex 19 Safety Management

• International Air Transport Association（IATA） ——Dangerous Goods Regulations（DGR）；

• TI is the legal basis of associated documents established by all member states of ICAO and is mandatory. DGR is
the legal basis of associated documents established by all member airlines of IATA and is not mandatory. DGR
contain all of the requirements of TI and are more restrictive than TI.

1.2.2 National Laws and Regulations

• Civil Aviation Law of the People's Republic of China,

• Production Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China

• Civil Aviation of China Dangerous Goods Transport by Air（ CCAR-276-R1 ）；

• Regulations on Civil Aviation Security of the People’s Republic of China

• Regulations on the Control over Safety of Dangerous Chemicals

1.2.3 Company Manuals

Dangerous Goods Transport Manual, Dangerous Goods Training Program

1.3 Applicability
• ICAO Annex 18 and TI are parts of the Convention on International Civil Aviation. Civil Aviation of China
Dangerous Goods Transport by Air（ CCAR-276-R1 ）is a national regulation. All of the above are mandatory to
shippers and operators.

• The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations are applicable to:

• All airlines which are Members or Associate Members of IATA;

• All airlines which are party to the IATA Multilateral Interline Traffic Agreement — Cargo; and all shippers and
agents that offer consignments of dangerous goods to these operators.

DGR is the guide recognized by the world’s airlines. Operations in compliance with DGR also comply with TI.
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• CAAC-276-R1 shall apply to domestic public air transport operators (hereinafter referred to as “domestic
operators”), foreign public air transport operators with scheduled airlines or unscheduled flights between foreign
locations and Chinese locations (hereinafter referred to as “foreign operators”), and other entities and individuals
involved in the transport of dangerous goods by air.

1.4 Responsibilities
1.4.1 Shipper's Responsibilities

Before any package or overpack of dangerous goods is offered for air transport, the shipper must comply with the
following specific responsibilities:

1.4.1.1 The shipper must provide training to all its relevant persons involved in dangerous goods preparation.

1.4.1.2 The articles or substances must be properly identified, classified, packed, marked, labeled, documented
and be in the condition for transport in accordance with DGR;

1.4.1.3 The shipper must ensure that the articles or substances are not prohibited for transport by air;

1.4.1.4 The shipper must comply with all relevant regulations of the states of origin, transit and destination;

1.4.1.5 The shipper must be responsible for reporting violations.

1.4.2 Operator's Responsibilities

In transporting dangerous goods, an operator must comply with the requirements of DGR for:

•Acceptance; •Storage; •Loading; •Inspection; •Provision of Information, including emergency response

information; •Reporting; •Retention of documents; •Training.

1.5 Training Requirements

1.5.1 CCAR-276-R1 Article 95 ：

(a) No Operator may use any personnel to perform and no personnel may perform, any assigned duties and
responsibilities for the handling or carriage of dangerous goods regulated by the Technical Instruction that
are not trained according to the training program approved by the CAAC.

1.5.2 IATA—DGR 1.5 ：

Personnel must receive training in the requirements commensurate with their responsibilities.

1.5.3 Category of Personnel ：

1. Shippers and persons undertaking the responsibilities of shippers', including operator's staff acting as
shippers, operator's staff preparing dangerous goods as Company Materials (COMAT)

2. Packers

3. Staff of freight forwarders involved in processing dangerous goods

4. Staff of freight forwarders involved in processing cargo, mail or stores (other than dangerous goods)

5. Staff of freight forwarders involved in the handling, storage and loading of cargo, mail or stores

6. Operator's and ground handling agent's staff accepting dangerous goods

7. Operator's and ground handling agent's staff accepting cargo, mail or stores (other than dangerous goods)

8. Operator's and ground handling agent's staff involved in the handling, storage and loading of cargo, mail or
stores and baggage
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 9. Passenger handling staff (AC-02: including but not limited to passenger check-in staff, VIP handling staff,
baggage enquiry staff, information desk staff, passenger service staff at stations)

10. Flight crew members, loadmasters, load planners and flight operations officers/flight dispatchers

11. Crew members (other than flight crew members)

12. Security staff who deal with the screening of passengers and crew and their baggage and cargo or mail,

e.g. security screeners, their supervisors and staff involved in implementing security procedures.

1.5.4 Personnel of Categories 13 to 17 from “No Carry” operators correspond to personnel of categories 7 to 11 of the
above table should also complete associated training for qualification.

1.5.5 Recurrent training must take place within 24 months of previous training to ensure knowledge is current, unless
a competent authority has defined a shorter period. However, if recurrent training is completed within the final 3
months of validity of previous training, the period of validity extends from the date on which the recurrent training
was completed until 24 months from the expiry date of that previous training.

1.5.6 Personnel employed by or interacting with the aviation industry in areas such as passenger reservation centres,
engineering and maintenance and emergency responses, should be provided with basic dangerous goods training.

1.6 Dangerous Goods Security

High consequence dangerous goods are those which have the potential for misuse in a terrorist incident and which
may, as a result, produce serious consequences such as mass casualties or mass destruction. E.g. Divisions 1.1 and 1.2,
1.3C, 13 UN numbers under Division 1.4, Division 1.5, Division 2.3 (excluding aerosols), desensitized explosives in
Class 3 and Division 4.1, Division 6.1 substances of Packing Group I, Division 6.2 Category A, Class 7 Type A or B
packages with an activity equal to or greater than 3000 A2 per single package.

1.7 CAAC Standard and Definitions on Accident and Incident

1.7.1 Civil Aircraft Incident MH/T2001-2018:

1.7.1.1 Serious Aircraft Incident: 3.9 Fire or smoke in the cockpit, passenger cabin or cargo compartment, or engine
fire or smoke, even when the fire is extinguished, except when all the following conditions are met:
a) smoke from electronic devices carried by passengers or crew members (except for lithium batteries contained in
electronic devices installed on the aircraft such as IFE or EFB) with no visible flame;
b) no diversion or return is required after appropriately handled by the crew.
c) no damage to the aircraft or minor injury to occupants.

1.7.1.3 General Aircraft Incident: 4.25 Dangerous goods spillage or leakage or damage to the dangerous goods or its
package causing damage to the aircraft or minor injury to people.

1.7.1.4 Aircraft Ground Incident: 6.7 Fire, explosion or leakage of articles carried onboard causing damage to the
aircraft.

1.7.2 CCAR-276-R1:

1.7.2.1 Dangerous Goods Accident: An occurrence associated with and related to the transport of dangerous goods by
air which results in fatal or serious injury to a person or major property damage.

1.7.2.2 Dangerous Goods Incident: An occurrence other than a dangerous goods accident associated with and related
to the transport of dangerous goods by air, not necessarily occurring on board an aircraft, which results in injury to a
person, property damage, fire, breakage, spillage, leakage of fluid or radiation or other evidence that the integrity of
the package had not been maintained. Any occurrence relating to the transport of dangerous goods which seriously
jeopardizes an aircraft or its occupants is also deemed to be a dangerous goods incident.
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1.7.3 AC-276-TR-2016-05 Administrative Measures on the Determination and Reporting of Dangerous Goods
Event in Air Transport

1.7.3.1 General Dangerous Goods Incident:

(6) Fire or smoke in cockpit or cabin due to lithium battery carried by occupants or contained in aircraft
supplies while it does not constitute a serious dangerous goods incident.

1.7.3.2 Dangerous Goods Emergency:

1. Damage to the aircraft or injury to people due to the transport of dangerous goods;

2. Dangerous goods fire or smoke;

3. An occurrence associated with and related to the transport of dangerous goods by air which results in
breakage, spillage, leakage of fluid or radiation or other evidence that the integrity of the packaging has not
been maintained and requires emergency handling;

4. Other similar circumstances.

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SECTION 2- CLASSIFICATION

2.0 General
UN hazard classes：9 classes of dangerous goods.

UN number: Dangerous goods are assigned to UN numbers according to the type of hazard, e.g. UN2814 is for
infectious substances.

ID number: A temporary identification number in the 8000 series assigned to an article or substance for which
no UN number has been assigned.

GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals): The following GHS
pictograms on packages may indicate the presence of dangerous goods.

National classification number: e.g. CN: 81007 sulfuric acid

Some dangerous goods are too dangerous to be carried by aircraft, others may be carried on cargo
aircraft only and some are acceptable on both cargo and passenger aircraft.

2.1 Class 1 — Explosives

2.1.1 Goods of Class 1 are assigned to one of six divisions, and to one of thirteen compatibility groups.

2.1.2 Only explosives in Division 1.4, compatibility group S, are permitted to be transported on passenger aircraft.

2.2 Class 2 — Gases：

2.2.1 Division 2.1— Flammable Gas

2.2.2 Division 2.2—Non-flammable, Non-toxic Gas

2.2.3 Division 2.3—Toxic Gas

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2.2.4 Exemptions

Gases of Division 2.2, are not subject to these Regulations if they are transported at a pressure less than 200 kPa at
20°C and are not liquefied or refrigerated liquefied gases, when contained in the following:

(a) foodstuffs, including carbonated beverages (except UN 1950 Aerosols);

(b) balls intended for use in sports; or

(c) tyres which meet the provisions of Special Provision A59. (1psi=6.895kPa)

DGR A59:

Tyre assemblies are not subject to these Regulations provided that:

(a) unserviceable or damaged tyre assemblies, the tyre is deflated to a gauge pressure of less than 200 kPa at 20℃;or

(b) serviceable tyre assemblies, the tyre is not inflated to a gauge pressure exceeding the maximum rated pressure for
that tyre. However, such tyres (including valve assemblies) must be protected from damage during transport,
which may require the use of a protective cover.

2.2.5 Lamps Containing Dangerous Goods

The following lamps are not subject to these Regulations provided that they do not contain radioactive material:

(a) lamps each containing not more than 1 g of dangerous goods and packaged so that there is not more than 30 g of
dangerous goods per package, provided that:

(i) the lamps are certified to a manufacturer’s quality management system; and

(ii) each lamp is either individually packed in inner packagings, separated by dividers, or surrounded with
cushioning material to protect the lamps and packed into strong outer packagings capable of passing a
1.2 m drop test.

(b) Lamps containing only gases of Division 2.2 provided they are packaged so that the projectile effects of any
rupture of the bulb will be contained within the package.

2.3 Class 3 — Flammable Liquids

2.3.1 It comprises liquids or mixtures of liquids or liquids containing solids in solution or in suspension (for example
paints, varnishes, lacquers, etc., but not including substances otherwise classified on account of their dangerous
characteristics) which give off a flammable vapour at temperatures of not more than 60°C (140°F) closed-cup test or
not more than 65.6°C (150°F) open-cup test normally referred to as the flash point.

2.4 Class 4 — Flammable Solids; Substances Liable to Spontaneous Combustion; Substances

which, in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases
2.4.1 Division 4.1—Flammable Solids; Self-reactive Substances; Polymerizing substances, and Desensitized
Explosives, e.g. safety matches, magnesium;
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2.4.2 Division 4.2—Substances Liable to Spontaneous Combustion, e.g. white phosphorus;

2.4.3 Division 4.3— Substances Which, in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases, e.g. sodium, lithium

2.5 Class 5 — Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides

2.5.1 Division 5.1— Oxidizing Substances

2.5.2 Division 5.2— Organic Peroxides

2.5.3 Substances of 5.2 are thermally unstable and must be kept away from heat.

2.6 Class6 — Toxic and Infectious Substances

2.6.1 Division 6.1— Toxic Substances: May pose danger swallowed, inhaled or in contact with skin

2.6.2 Division 6.2— Infectious Substances: Infectious substances are divided into Category A and Category B

Category A: is capable of causing permanent disability, life-threatening or fatal disease in otherwise healthy humans
or animals

2.7 Class 7 — Radioactive Material

Four labels: Category I – White, Category II – Yellow , Category III – Yellow, fissile material

Category Ⅲ –Yellow label indicates the highest risk of radiation

2.8 Class 8 — Corrosives: Substances which by chemical action, can cause irreversible damage when in
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contact with living tissue or, in the case of leakage will materially damage or even destroy, other goods or the means
of transport, e.g. sulfuric acid, acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, caustic soda, perchloric acid, mercury, gallium.

2.9 Class 9 — Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances and Articles, Including Environmentally

Hazardous Substances

2.9.1 Class 9 includes the following articles and substances:

2.9.1.1 Magnetized Material: any material which, when packed for air transport, has a maximum magnetic field
strength sufficient to cause a compass deflection of more than 2 degrees at a distance of 2.1 m from any point
on the surface of the assembled package. UN2807

2.9.1.2 Elevated Temperature Substances: liquid ≥100℃， solid≥240℃，UN3257/UN3258

2.9.1.3 Environmentally Hazardous Substances，UN3077/3082

2.9.1.4 Genetically Modified Micro-Organisms (GMMOs) or Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)，UN3245

2.9.1.5 Aviation Regulated Solid or Liquid: Any material, which has narcotic, noxious, irritating or other properties
such that, in the event of spillage or leakage on an aircraft, could cause extreme annoyance or discomfort to crew
members so as to prevent the correct performance of assigned duties. UN3334/UN3335

2.9.1.6 Lithium Batteries：UN3090/3091，3480/3481, UN3536

2.9.1.7 Substances which, on Inhalation as Fine Dust, may Endanger Health：UN2212/UN2590

2.9.1.8 Capacitors：UN3499/3508

2.9.1.9 Substances Evolving Flammable Vapour：UN2211/3314

2.9.1.10 Life-Saving Appliances：UN2990/3072/3268

2.9.1.11 Substances and Articles which, in the Event of Fire, may Form Dioxins：UN2315/3151/3152/3432

2.9.1.12 Other Substances or Articles Presenting a Danger During Transport, but not Meeting the Definitions of
Another Class
UN 3166 Vehicle, flammable liquid powered
UN 3171 Battery-powered vehicle
UN 3530 Engine,internai combustion
UN 3363 Dangerous goods in apparatus
UN 3316Chemical kit/First aid kit
UN 1845 Carbon dioxide, solid 或(Dry ice)
ID 8000 Consumer commodity (见 A112)
UN 3509 Packaging discarded,empty,uncleaned
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SECTION 3- LIMITATIONS

Note: For important or special demands, please report to the Company.

3.0 Dangerous Goods Carried by TJA as Cargo

3.0.1 TJA does not carry any dangerous goods as cargo.

3.0.2 TJA does not carry any dangerous goods in operator’s property as cargo, such as aircraft spare parts, AOG.

3.1 Dangerous Goods Forbidden in Aircraft Under Any Circumstances

Any article or substance which, as presented for transport, is liable to explode, dangerously react, produce a flame or
dangerous evolution of heat or dangerous emission of toxic, corrosive or flammable gases or vapours under
conditions normally encountered in transport must not be carried on aircraft under any circumstance.

Certain dangerous goods known to meet the description above have been included in light type and without a UN
number in the List of Dangerous Goods (Subsection 4.2) with the word “Forbidden” shown in Columns I, J and K, L.

3.2 Dangerous Goods Forbidden Unless Exempted

In cases of extreme urgency, or when other forms of transport are inappropriate, or where full compliance with the
prescribed requirements is contrary to the public interest, the States concerned may grant exemptions from these
Regulations provided that, in such cases, every effort is made to achieve an overall level of safety in transport which
is equivalent to the level of safety provided by these Regulations. The States concerned are the States of origin, transit,
overflight and destination of the consignment, and the State of the operator.

3.3 Hidden Dangerous Goods

Operators' acceptance staff must be adequately trained to assist them to identify and detect dangerous goods presented
as general cargo.

Typical examples are listed below :

AIRCRAFT ON GROUND (AOG) SPARES —AIRCRAFT SPARE PARTS/AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT—may contain explosives
(flares or other pyrotechnics), chemical oxygen generators, unserviceable tyre assemblies, cylinders of compressed
gas (oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen or fire extinguishers), paint, adhesives, aerosols, life-saving appliances, first aid
kits, fuel in equipment, wet or lithium batteries, matches, etc.

AUTOMOBILES, AUTOMOBILE PARTS—may contain ferro-magnetic material which may not meet the definition for
magnetized material but which may be subject to special stowage requirements due to the possibility of affecting
aircraft instruments. May also contain engines, carburettors or fuel tanks which contain or have contained fuel, wet
batteries, compressed gases in tyre inflation devices, fire extinguishers, shocks/struts with nitrogen, air bag
inflators/air bag modules, etc.

CAMPING EQUIPMENT ANDEXPEDITIONARY EQUIPMENT— may contain flammable gases (butane, propane, etc.),
flammable liquids (kerosene, gasoline, etc.), flammable solids (hexamine, matches, etc.) or other dangerous goods.
may contain explosives (flares), flammable liquids (gasoline), flammable gas (propane, camping gas) or other
dangerous goods.

CHEMICALS— ay contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods, particularly flammable liquids,
flammable solids, oxidizers, organic peroxides, toxic or corrosive substances.

COMAT (COMPANY MATERIAL) —such as aircraft parts, may contain dangerous goods as an integral part, e.g.
chemical oxygen generators in a passenger service unit, various compressed gases, gas lighters, aerosols, fire

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extinguishers, flammable liquids such as fuels, paints and adhesives and corrosive material such as batteries. Other
items such as flares, first aid kits, life-saving appliances, matches, magnetized material, etc.

CONSOLIDATED CONSIGNMENTS— may contain any of the defined classes of dangerous goods.

CRYOGENIC (LIQUID) — indicates refrigerated liquefied gases such as argon, helium, neon and nitrogen.

DENTAL APPARATUS— may contain flammable resins or solvents, compressed or liquefied gas, mercury and
radioactive material.

DIAGNOSTIC SPECIMENS— may contain infectious substances. may be packed in Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice).

DIVING EQUIPMENT— may contain cylinders (such as scuba tanks, vest bottles, etc.) of compressed gas (air, oxygen,
etc), high intensity diving lamps which can generate extremely high heat when operated in air. In order to be carried
safely, the bulb or battery must be disconnected.

DRILLING AND MINING EQUIPMENT—may contain explosive(s) and/or other dangerous goods.

DRY SHIPPER — may contain free liquid nitrogen.

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND ELECTRICALLY POWERED APPARATUS—may cantina batteries.

EXPEDITIONARY EQUIPMENT— may contain explosives, flammable liquids, flammable gas or other dangerous
goods.

FILM CREW OR MEDIA EQUIPMENT— may contain explosive pyrotechnic devices, generators incorporating
internal combustion engines, wet batteries, lithium batteries, fuel, heat producing items, etc.

FROZEN FRUIT, VEGETABLES, ETC— may be packed in Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice).

FUEL CONTROL UNITS— may contain flammable liquids.

HOT AIR BALLOON—may contain cylinders with flammable gas, fire extinguishers, engines internal combustion,
batteries, etc.

LABORATORY/TESTING EQUIPMENT—may contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods,
particularly flammable liquids, flammable solids, oxidizers, organic peroxides, toxic or corrosive substances.

MACHINERY PARTS— may contain magnets and other items of similar material.

PASSENGER BAGGAGE— may contain fireworks, flammable household liquids, corrosive oven or drain cleaners,
flammable gas or liquid lighter refills or camping stove cylinders, matches, ammunition, bleach, aerosols, etc.

REPAIR KITS—may contain organic peroxides and flammable adhesives, solvent based paints, resins, flammable
aerosols,etc

RACING CAR OR MOTORCYLE TEAM EQUIPMENT— may contain engines, including fuel cell engines,
carburetors or fuel tanks which contain fuel or residual fuel, flammable aerosols, cylinders of compressed gases,
nitromethane, other fuel additives, wet batteries, lithium batteries, etc.

SHOW, MOTION PICTURE, STAGE AND SPECIAL EFFECTS EQUIPMENT—may contain flammable substances,
explosives or other dangerous goods.

TOOL BOXES— may contain explosives (power rivets), compressed gases or aerosols, flammable gases, flammable
adhesives or paints, corrosive liquids, lithium batteries, etc.

UNACCOMPANIED PASSENGERS BAGGAGE/ PERSONAL EFFECTS— may contain items meeting any of the
criteria for dangerous goods, such as fireworks, flammable household liquids, corrosive oven or drain cleaners,
flammable gas or liquid lighter refills or camping stove cylinders, matches, bleach, aerosols, etc.
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Other examples of items that may contain or indicate the presence of dangerous goods.

· a package that has visible frost or is very cold to the touch may contain dry ice;

· a stained or wet package may indicate spillage;

· any odours which may indicate a spillage or leakage with a package or overpack;

· a package with a shifting centre of gravity may suggest liquid contents;

· aerosol spray cans may make a characteristic rattle during handling;

· packages generating smoke or fumes;

· reused packages including old dangerous goods marking or labels;

· packages with pictures of chain saws, lawn mowers, camping stoves, lanterns or generators as the contents could
have fuel residues;

· exposed sires protruding from the package could be considered threatening;

· packages making noises (hissing, whistling, ticking, vibrating, etc.)

Note: Articles and substances which may cause danger such as irritation to crew members or in the event of leakage
may cause a serious clean-up problem during the transport must be checked and handled in accordance with the
regulations.

3.4 Provisions for Dangerous Goods Carried by Passengers or Crew

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3.4.1 DGR Edition 61-TABLE 2.3A

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3.4.2 CAAC Provision for Dangerous Goods Carried by Passengers or Crew

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3.4.3 Tianjin Airlines Provisions for Dangerous Goods Carried by Passengers or Crew

The following operator variations apply for dangerous goods carried by passengers and crew members on TJA flights.,
provided the provisions set out in IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations and CAAC documents have been abided by.

(a) The pilot-in-command must be informed of the location of the dangerous goods that require the operator’s
approval;

(b) Lithium ion batteries including lithium ion batteries installed in the equipment will not be accepted in the cargo
compartment if the Watt-hour rating of the battery exceeds 100 Wh;

(c) Small lithium battery powered vehicles are prohibited as carry-on or checked baggage except that such vehicles
are carried by passengers whose mobility is restricted by either a disability, their health or age, or a temporary
mobility problem. This prohibition applies but is not limited to air wheels, solo wheels, balance wheels and hover
boards.

3.5 Transport of Dangerous Goods by Post

3.5.1 The Universal Postal Union Convention forbids the carriage of dangerous goods in mail except the following:
(a) Infectious substances, assigned to Biological substance, Category B (UN3373) only, when packed in accordance
with the requirements of PI 650 and carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) when used as a refrigerant for infectious
substances (UN3373);
(b) Patient specimens as defined in DGR 3.6.2.1.4;
(c) Radioactive material in an excepted package, UN2910 and UN2911 only, provided the activity does not exceed
one tenth of that permitted in DGR Table 10.3.C and that does not meet the definitions and criteria of classes,
other than Class 7;
(d) Lithium ion batteries contained in equipment (UN3481) meeting the provisions of Section II of PI 967. No more
than four cells or two batteries may be mailed in any single package; and
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(e) Lithium metal batteries contained in equipment (UN3091) meeting the provisions of Section II of PI 970. No
more than four cells of two batteries may be mailed in any single package.

3.5.2 A designated postal operator must have received specific approval from the civil aviation authority before the
designated postal operator can introduce the acceptance of lithium batteries as identified in 3.4.4.1 (d) and (e)

3.5.3 The China Post does not permit any dangerous goods to be transported in air mail.

3.6 Dangerous Goods in Operator's Property

IATA -DGR in these Regulations do not apply to the articles and substances of 3.4.5.1 through3.4.5. 3.

3.6.1. Aircraft Equipment

Articles and substances which would otherwise be classified as dangerous goods but which are required to be
aboard the aircraft in accordance with pertinent airworthiness requirements and operating regulations or that are
authorized by the State of the operator to meet special requirements.

3.6.2. Consumer Goods

Aerosols, alcoholic beverages, perfumes, colognes, safety matches and liquefied gas lighters carried aboard an
aircraft by the operator for use or sale on the aircraft during the flight, or series of flights, but excluding
non-refillable gas lighters and those lighters liable to leak when exposed to reduced pressure.

3.6.3. Carbon Dioxide, Solid (Dry Ice)

Carbon dioxide solid, (dry ice) for use in food and beverage service aboard the aircraft.

3.7 Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities

3.7.1 The Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods is not required.

3.7.2 If a document (such as a bill of lading or air waybill) accompanies dangerous goods in excepted quantities, it
must include the statement “Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities” and indicate the number of packages.

3.7.3 The excepted quantity label must be applied on the outer package.

Dangerous goods
in excepted quantities

3.7.4 Dangerous goods, which may be carried as excepted quantities in accordance with the provisions of this
Subsection are shown in Column F of the List of Dangerous Goods by means of an alphanumeric code as follows:

3.8 Dangerous Goods in Limited Quantity

The net quantity per package must not exceed the quantity specified in Column H of the List of Dangerous Goods
against the packing instruction number identified in Column G.

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The gross weight of a “Limited Quantity” package must not exceed 30 kg (66 lb).

Limited Quantities Mark for Surface Transport

3.9 Mixtures or Solutions not subject to the Regulations

If a mixture or formulation has a name which appears in the List of Dangerous Goods but does not meet the definition
for the appropriate class shown in the list or any other class because of the concentration, it is not subject to the
Regulations.

A mixture or a solution containing one or more substances identified by name in DGR or classified under a n.o.s.
entry and one or more substances not subject to DGR is not subject to DGR if the hazard characteristics of the
mixture or solution are such that they do not meet the criteria for any class. In either case, the words “Not Restricted”
should then be included in the description on the Air Waybill to indicate that it has been checked.

3.10 Non-Restricted Articles

If an article or substance contains a chemical which could be suspected of being dangerous but is not listed in the List
of Dangerous Goods and does not meet the criteria for any of the hazard classes or divisions, it may be offered for
transport as not restricted if the words “Not Restricted” are included in the description of the article of substance on
the Air Waybill to indicate that it has been checked.

3. 11 State and Operator Variations

States and operators may submit variations to DGR. These variations are listed in 2.8.2 and 2.8.4 respectively.

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SECTION 4- IDENTIFICATION

4.1 List of Dangerous Goods

The List of Dangerous Goods, DGR Subsection 4.2, contains approximately 3000 articles and substances most likely
to be shipped by air. The list is not all-inclusive, therefore it contains a number of generic or not otherwise specified
(n.o.s.) names or entries, under which unlisted items may be transported. This list may be used as a reference to cross
check the Dangerous Goods Declaration and NOTOC.

Column A：UN or ID (identification) number

Column B: Proper Shipping Name/Description

Column C: Class or Division (Subsidiary risk)

Column D: Labels

Column E: Packing Group

Column F: Excepted Quantity Code

Column G: Passenger and Cargo Aircraft Limited Quantity — Packing Instructions

Column H: Passenger and Cargo Aircraft Limited Quantity — Maximum Net Quantity per Package

Column I: Passenger and Cargo Aircraft — Packing Instructions

Column J: Passenger and Cargo Aircraft — Maximum Net Quantity per Package

Column K: Cargo Aircraft only — Packing Instructions

Column L: Cargo Aircraft only — Maximum Net Quantity per Package

Column M: Special Provisions

Column N: ERG Code Emergency Response Drill Code as found in the International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO) document “The Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving
Dangerous Goods” (ICAO Doc. 9481-AN/928). The code consists of a combination of letters and numbers,
which represents suggested responses to incidents involving the specific dangerous good entry to which the drill
code is assigned.

The ERG Code is provided for the benefit of operators so that the ERG Code may be added to the Special Load
24
— Notification to Captain (NOTOC).

4.2 Aircraft Emergency Response Drills

The aircraft emergency response drills as shown in Table 4-1 are for the guidance of crew members when an incident
occurs in flight which is, or might be, related to a particular package, or packages, containing dangerous goods.

25
4.3 Numerical Cross-Reference List
DGR Subsection 4.3 provides a cross-reference list from the UN/ID number to the proper shipping name and is
arranged in numerical order.

26
SECTION 5 - PACKING

5.1 UN Specification Packaging

UN specification packaging includes combination packaging and single packaging.

5.2 Format of Packing Instructions

A three numeral code is used for designating Packing Instructions. The first numeral stands for the class of the
dangerous goods and the next two numerals compose the serial number of the packing instructions within the same
class, e.g. 301, 825, etc. A letter “Y” is added before the numerals if the packing instruction is for dangerous goods in
limited quantity.

5.3 Marking of UN Specification Packagings

5.4 Markings of Overpacks

5.4.1 Unless all markings representative of all dangerous goods in the overpack are clearly visible, the overpack must
be marked with the word “Overpack”, “Salvage” (when applicable), special handling instructions appearing on inner
packages for each item of dangerous goods contained in the overpack and all the package use markings .

5.4.2 When a consignment consists of more than one overpack, each overpack must show an identification mark and
the total quantity of dangerous goods, as indicated on the Shipper’s Declaration.

27
SECTION 6 – MARKING AND LABELLING

6.1 Basic Marks

Unless otherwise specified in the DGR, each package, containing dangerous goods must be marked durably and
legibly on the outside of the package with each of the following:

(a) Proper shipping name(s)

(b) UN number(s) or ID number(s)

(c) Full NAME AND ADDRESS of the shipper and the consignee

6.2 Subsidiary Marks

Subsidiary marks include net quantity, gross weight, additional handling and storage marks, etc.

6.3 Hazard Labels

6.3.1 Hazard labels to be used on packages and overpacks of dangerous goods are specified using abbreviations in
Subsection 4.2, List of Dangerous Goods. A primary hazard label is specified for each listed article and substance. A
secondary hazard label or labels must also be applied for each article and substance having subsidiary risks.

6.3.2 Labels must be located on the same surface of the package near the Proper Shipping Name marking.

6.3.3 When labels identifying the primary and subsidiary risk are required, they must be affixed adjacent to each
other.

6.3.4 The radioactive material labels must be affixed or pre-printed on at least two opposite sides.

6.4 Handling Labels

The handling label must be in the form of a rectangle. The handling labels to be used alone or in addition to hazard
labels, as appropriate, are indicted as follows:

(a) Magnetized Material

(b) Cargo Aircraft Only

(c) Cryogenic Liquids

The “Cryogenic Liquid” handling label must be used in addition to the Non-flammable gas (Division 2.2) hazard
label on packages and overpacks containing cryogenic liquids.

(d) Keep Away From Heat

The “Keep Away From Heat” handling label must be used on packages and overpacks containing self-reactive
substances in Division 4.1 and Division 5.2, Organic Peroxides.

(e) Package Orientation

The “Package Orientation” (This Way Up) labels must be used or pre-printed on combination packages and
overpacks containing liquid dangerous goods, except for dangerous goods in inner packagings each containing
120 mL or less of liquid or infectious substances in primary receptacles not exceeding 50 mL or radioactive
material.

(f) Lithium Battery Mark

(g) Battery-powered Wheelchair and Mobility Aid Label

28
(h) Container/pallet of dangerous goods

a b c d e f g h

29
SECTION 7 – DOCUMENTATION

7.1 Language
For international flights, all documents must be completed in the English language. The wording in English may be
supplemented by an accurate printed translation in another language.

7.2 Retention of documents

The following documents must be retained for a minimum period of 24 months according to CCAR 276-R1:

DGD, Acceptance Checklist, AWB and NOTOC.

7.3 Three legal documents

7.3.1 Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods (DGD)

A “Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods” must be completed by the shipper either manually or generated by a
computer system. Where a paper document is used, the shipper must provide two copies of the declaration form
completed and signed.

7.3.2 Air Waybill (AWB)

An “Air Waybill” may be completed by the shipping agent or the operator.

7.3.3 Notification to Captain (NOTOC)

7.3.3.1 As early as practicable prior to departure of the aircraft, but in no case later than when the aircraft moves
under its own power, the operator of an aircraft in which dangerous goods are to be carried must:

(a) provide the pilot-in-command with accurate and legible written or printed information concerning dangerous
goods that are to be carried as cargo; and

(b) provide personnel with responsibilities for operational control of the aircraft with the same information that is
required to be provided to the pilot-in-command.

7.3.3.2 The typical format of a NOTOC is shown below with four copies which are for the departure airport,
pilot-in-command, destination airport and loadmaster, respectively.

7.3.3.3 The written information to the pilot-in-command includes the following:

(a) The unloading station;
(b) The air waybill number;
(c) The proper shipping name;
(d) The class or division corresponding to label(s) applied, by numerals and in the case of Class 1, the compatibility
group;
(e) The UN number or ID number;
(f) The subsidiary risk(s);
(g) The number of packages, the net quantity, or gross weight if applicable;
(h) For radioactive material, the number of packages, overpacks, or freight containers, their category, their
transportation index, if applicable;
(i) The Packing Group as shown on the Shipper’s Declaration;
(j) Whether the package must be carried on cargo aircraft only;
(k) The authorization if any;
(l) The emergency contact number is necessary;
(m) For dry ice, only the following information are required: UN1845, the proper shipping name, class, total net
30
 weight in each cargo compartment and the unloading station;
(n) The exact loading location; and
(o) Pilot-in-command’s signature provided the loadmaster’s signature is present on the NOTOC and no leak or
damage is found on the package.

Tables containing IMP codes, segregation requirement and emergency response drill codes are printed at
the back of the NOTOC. The emergency response drill codes are printed at the back of the copy for the
pilot-in-command.

31
SECTION 8 – BASIC KNOWLEDGE ON RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL

8.1 Types of Radiation

Radiation is often categorized as either ionizing or non-ionizing depending on the energy of the radiated particles.

A common source of ionizing radiation is radioactive materials that emit α, β, or γ radiation.

8.2 Dose Limits

8.2.1 Public exposure

Public exposures should be limited to an average of 2.4 mSv of effective dose per year.

8.2.2 Occupational exposure

For occupational exposure, the limit is 50 mSv in a single year.

8.3 Transport Index

Transport Index (TI) assigned to a package, overpack or freight container, or to unpackaged LSA-I or SCO-I, shall
mean a number that is used to provide control over radiation exposure. TI must be in indicated on Class 7 Radioactive
Material Category II-Yellow and Category III-Yellow labels. The minimum separation distances to be applied to
persons may be found by inserting the TI value in Tables 10.9.C and 10.9.D in DGR.

8.4 Exceptions
DGR does not apply to any of the following:

(a) Radioactive material implanted or incorporated into a person or live animal for diagnosis or treatment;

(b) Radioactive material in consumer products which have received regulatory approval, following their sale to the
end user;

(c) Natural material and ores containing naturally occurring radionuclides, provided the activity concentration of the
material does not exceed 10 times the values specified in DGR Table 10.3.A.

(d) Non-radioactive solid objects with radioactive substances present on any surfaces in quantities not in excess of
the limit specified in the definition of contamination in DGR Appendix A.

8.5 Classification
(a) Special Form
(b) Low Specific Activity Material
(c) Surface Contaminated Object
(d) Fissile Material
(e) Low Dispersible Material
(f) Other Form

8.6 Packing
(a) Excepted Packages
(b) Industrial Packages
(c) Type A packages
(d) Type B(U) and B(M) Packages
(e) Type C Packages

8.7 Identification

32
The proper shipping name and UN number of the radioactive material may be found in DGR Table 10.4.A.

8.8 Reporting
An operator must report any occasion when the radiation level of the package or contamination exceeds the limits and
take measures to alleviate the consequences.

33
SECTION 9 – HANDLING

9.1 Basic Principles

(a) Check in advance;
(b) No inversion;
(c) Take with care
(d) Insulation principle
(e) Fix and anti-skip principle

9.2 Acceptance
9.2.1 Before a consignment consisting of a package or overpack containing dangerous goods is first accepted for
carriage by air, the operator must verify the package or overpack fully complies with the requirements of each item on
the acceptance checklist.

9.2.2 Operator’s acceptance staff must be adequately trained to assist them to identify and detect dangerous goods
present as general cargo.

9.2.3 To assist in the detection of undeclared dangerous goods, acceptance staff should check shipping documents
with the general description stated on the air waybill and if necessary, request documentary evidence from sippers that
the shipment does not contain dangerous goods.

9.3 Segregation of Dangerous Goods

9.3.1 Incompatible dangerous goods must be segregated during acceptance, handling, storage and loading.

3. The requirement of segregation for Class 9 only applies to packages and overpacks containing lithium ion
batteries prepared in accordance with Section IA or Section IB of PI 965and lithium metal batteries prepared in
accordance with Section IA or Section IB of PI 968.

9.3.2 Segregation of dangerous goods with other cargo

Some dangerous goods may also be incompatible with some types of non-dangerous cargo. These loading
precautions are detailed in the chart below:

34
 CLASS Toxic and Infectious Radioactive Material Dry Ice and Cryogenic
Substances Categories II and III Liquids
CARGO
6 7 9 or 2.2

Live Animals 
Hatching Eggs

Undeveloped Films

Foodstuff or Other Edible 

Substances
 identities packages must not be loaded in the same compartment;
identifies cargo to be physically separated;
minimum separation distances as per DGR 9.3.13.2 (Live animals) and DGR 10.9.3.8 (undeveloped film)

9.4 Loading
9.4.1 Cargo Compartment Classification

9.4.1.1 Class A. A Class A cargo compartment or baggage compartment is one in which:

(a) the presence of a fire would be easily discovered by a crew member while at his or her station and
(b) each part of the compartment is easily accessible in flight.

9.4.1.2 Class B. A Class B cargo or baggage compartment is one in which:

(a) there is sufficient access in flight to enable a crew member to effectively reach any part of the compartment with
the contents of a hand fire extinguisher;
(b) when the access provisions are being used, no hazardous quantity of smoke, flames, or extinguishing agent, will
enter any compartment occupied by the crew or passengers; and
(c) there is a separate approved smoke detector or fire detector system to give warning at the pilot or flight engineer
station.

9.4.1.3 Class C. A Class C cargo or baggage compartment is one not meeting the requirements for either a Class A
or B compartment but in which:
(a) there is separate approved smoke detector or fire detector system to give warning at the pilot or flight engineer
station.
(b) there is an approved built-in fire extinguishing or suppression system controllable from the pilot or flight
engineer station;
(c) there are means to exclude hazardous quantities of smoke, flames, or extinguishing agent, from any
compartment occupied by the crew or passengers; and
(d) there are means to control ventilation and draughts within the compartment so that the extinguishing agent used
can control any fire that may start within the compartment.

9.4.1.4 Class D. A Class D cargo or baggage compartment is one in which:

(a) a fire occurring in it will be completely confined without endangering the safety of the aeroplane or the
occupants;
(b) there are means to exclude hazardous quantities of smoke, flames, or other noxious gases from any compartment
occupied by the crew or passengers;
(c) ventilation and draughts are controlled within each compartment so that any fire likely to occur in the
compartment will not progress beyond safe limits; and
(d) consideration is given to the effect of heat within the compartment on adjacent critical parts of the aeroplane.

35
9.4.1.5 Class E. A Class E cargo compartment is one on aeroplanes used only for the carriage of cargo and in which:
(a) there is a separate approved smoke or fire detector system to give warning at the pilot or flight engineer station;
(b) there are means to shut off the ventilating airflow to, or within, the compartment and the controls for these
means are accessible to the flight crew in the crew compartment;
(c) there are means to exclude hazardous quantities of smoke, flames, or noxious gases, from the flight crew
compartment; and
(d) the required crew emergency exits are accessible under any cargo loading condition.

9.4.2 Loading Restrictions

9.4.2.1 Packages or overpacks of dangerous goods bearing the “Cargo Aircraft Only” label must be loaded in a
Class C, Class B or Class A cargo compartment.

9.4.2.2 Dangerous goods may be carried in a main deck cargo compartment of a passenger aircraft provided that the
compartment meets all the certification requirement for a Class B or Class C aircraft cargo compartment.

9.4.2.3 Dangerous goods must not be carried in an aircraft cabin occupied by passengers or on the flight deck of an
aircraft, except as permitted in DGR 2.3.A and for excepted packages of radioactive material.

9.4.2.4 Operators must ensure that a package or overpack is not loaded onto an aircraft or into a unit load device
unless the package or overpack has been inspected immediately prior to loading and found free from visible leaks or
damage.

9.5 Carriage and Loading of Some Classes of Dangerous Goods

9.5.1 Loading of Toxic and Infectious Substances

Toxic and infectious substances must not be loaded in the same compartment or unit load device with live animals,
foodstuff or other edible substances.

9.5.2 Loading of Radioactive Material

9.5.2.1 Packages of radioactive materials should be stored as far away from passengers and crew as possible.

9.5.2.2 Except for packages or overpacks transported under exclusive use under the conditions specified in DGR
10.9.3.3.1, the maximum radiation level at any point on any external surface of a package or overpack must not
exceed 2 mSv/h.

9.5.2.3 Category II-yellow or III-yellow packages or overpacks must not be carried in compartment occupied by
passengers.

9.5.2.4 Excepted packages of radioactive material must be labeled with the “Radioactive Material, Excepted
Package” handling label as shown below:

9.5.2.5 Type B(M) packages and consignments under exclusive use must not be transported on passenger aircraft.

9.5.2.6 Vented Type B(M) packages, packages which require external cooling by an ancillary cooling system,
packages subject to operational controls during transport and packages containing pyrophoric materials must not be
transported by air.

9.5.3 Loading of Magnetized Materials

9.5.3.1 When the packages contains magnetized material which, when packed for air transport, has a maximum

36
magnetic field strength sufficient to cause a compass deflection of more than 2 degrees at a distance of 2.1 m from
any point on the surface of the assembled package, the “Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods” label must be replaced by
the “Magnetized Material” label.

9.5.3.2 Magnetized materials must be loaded so that headings of aircraft compasses are maintained within the
tolerances prescribed by the applicable aircraft airworthiness requirements and where practical, in locations
minimizing possible effects on compasses.

9.5.4 Carriage and Loading of Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice)

9.5.4.1 Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) in quantities not exceeding 2.5 kg per person when used to pack perishables
that are not subject DGR, provided the baggage permits the release of carbon dioxide gas. The operator’s approval
and notification to captain are required. Each item of checked baggage containing dry ice must have a dry ice
baggage tag. An example of the baggage tag is shown below:

9.5.4.2 Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) shipped by itself or used as refrigerant for other commodities, may be carried
provided that the operator has made suitable arrangements dependent on the aircraft type, the aircraft ventilation rates,
the method of packing and stowing, whether or not animals will be carried on the same flight and other factors. The
operator must ensure that ground staff are informed that Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) is being loaded or is on board
the aircraft.

9.5.5 Loading of Live Animals with Dangerous Goods

9.5.5.1 Live animals should not be loaded in close proximity of cryogenic liquids or Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice),
toxic or infectious substances. If they are loaded into different unit load devices, the unit load devices must be
separated unless the unit load device containing the dangerous goods is airtight. As the vapours emitted by Carbon
dioxide, solid (dry ice) are heavier then air, they concentrate on the lower level of the hold. Therefore, live animals
should be stowed above packages containing Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice).

9.5.5.2 Category II-Yellow and Category III-Yellow packages, overpacks and freight containers must be separated
from live animals by a distance of 0.5 m or more for journeys of 24 hours or less and by a distance of 1.0 m or more
for journeys of more than 24 hours.

9.5.6 Storage of Organic Peroxides and Self-Reactive Substances

During the course of transport, packages or unit load devices containing self-reactive substances of Division 4.1 or
organic peroxides of Division 5.2 must be protected from direct sunlight and all sources of heat and be placed in
adequately ventilated areas.

9.5.7 Carriage of Lithium Batteries

9.5.7.1 Prohibition

Lithium ion or lithium metal cells and batteries identified by the manufacturer as being defective for safety reasons, or
that have been damaged, that have the potential of producing a dangerous evolution of heat, fire or short circuit are
forbidden for transport.

9.5.7.2 All lithium batteries carried in cargo or passenger baggage must be tested to the requirements in subsection
38.3 of the UN Manual Of Tests And Criteria

9.5.7.3 Lithium Batteries Carried as Cargo

37
(1) Lithium batteries prepared in accordance with Section II DGR Packing Instructions 965-970 are not subject to
DGR except for the following requirements:
(a) tested to the requirements in subsection 38.3 of the UN Manual Of Tests And Criteria
(b) lithium metal content;
(c) transported at a state of charge (SoC) not exceeding 30% of their rated capacity;
(d) Watt-hour rating, quantity and weight limitation per package;
(e) package tests;
(f) documents attached indicating the type of lithium battery, transportation conditions, contact telephone number,
SoC not exceeding 30% for PI 965;
(g) a shipper is not permitted to offer for transport more than one package prepared according to Section II of PI
965-970.
(h) PI 965 and PI 968 must be carried on cargo aircraft only.
(i) No more than one package complying with the requirements of Section II may be placed in an overpack;
(j) Each package must be marked with the lithium battery mark as shown below.

Lithium Mark

(2) Lithium batteries prepared in accordance with Section I of PI 965-970 must be transported as Class 9 dangerous
goods.

9.5.7.4 Lithium Batteries Carried by Passengers and Crew

Watt-hour rating, expressed in Watt-hours, is calculated by multiplying the rated capacity in ampere-hours by its
nominal voltage. Wh = V × Ah
Wh/
Permitted in Max
Lithium Approval Protection NOTOC
or as Quantity
content

15 PEDs of
≤100Wh or Checked/
differed ----- Completely -----
≤2g carry-on
type switched off and
PED （ including medical
protected from Depends
equipment） For
＞100Wh but Checked/ damage when in on
personal Required checked baggage
≤160Wh carry-on operator
use
variations

20 batteries
Individually
≤100Wh or≤2g Carry-on of differed ----- -----
insulated
type
Loose or spare batteries
（including power banks） Depends
＞100Wh Individually on
Carry-on 2 Required
but≤160Wh insulated operator
variations

38
 ＞ 2.7Wh or
Forbidden -----
Non-remova 0.3g
Baggage ----- ----- -----
ble batteries
with Checked/ Protected from
≤2.7Wh or 0.3g
installed carry-on damage

lithium
Batteries Depends
batteries Required
Removable Checked/ removed and on
≤160Wh ----- when＞
batteries carry-on carried in the operator
100Wh
cabin variations

Circuits
Non-remova disconnected,
----- Checked -----
ble batteries wheelchair
Wheelchair Operator
secured
or other approval
mobility ≤300Wh（1 Battery must and
aids battery） be removed advance Individually Required
Removable ----- arrangemen
≤160Wh（2 and carried in protected
batteries t Required
batteries） the cabin

Spare batteries for ≤300Wh 1 Individually

Carry-on
wheelchairs ≤160Wh 2 protected

9.5.8 Alcoholic Beverages

9.5.8.1 An aqueous solution containing 24% or less alcohol by volume is not subject to DGR.

9.5.8.2 Alcoholic beverages containing 70% or less alcohol by volume, when packed in receptacles of 5 L or less,
are not subject DGR when carried as cargo, OTHERWISE, must be transported under the UN number UN3065 as
dangerous goods.

9.5.8.3 Alcoholic beverages, when in retail packagings, containing more than 24% but not more than 70% alcohol
by volume, in receptacles not exceeding 5 L, with a total net quantity per person of 5 L (must be carried in or as
checked baggage according to CCAR 276-R1).

9.5.9 Exceptions for Infectious Substances

9.5.9.1 Substances which do not contain infectious substances or substances which are unlikely to cause disease in
humans or animals are not subject to DGR unless they meet the criteria for inclusion in another class.

9.5.9.2 Substances in a form that any present pathogens have been neutralized or inactivated such that they no
longer pose a health risk are not subject to DGR unless they meet the criteria for inclusion in another class.

9.5.9.3 Environmental samples (including food and water samples), which are not considered to pose a significant
risk of infection are not subject to DGR unless they meet the criteria for inclusion in another class.

9.5.9.4 Dried blood spots, collected by applying a drop of blood onto absorbent material are not subject to DGR.

9.5.9.5 Faecal occult blood screening samples are not subject to DGR.

9.5.9.6 Patient specimens for which there is minimal likelihood that pathogens are present are not subject to DGR
provided all packing requirements are met and the leak-proof package is marked with the words “Exempt human

39
specimen” or “Exempt animal specimen”.

9.5.9.7 Biological products which are manufactured and packaged in accordance with the requirements of
appropriate national authorities and transported for the purposes of final packaging or distribution and use for
personal health care by medical professionals or individuals are not subject to DGR.

9.5.9.8 Medical or clinical wastes must be considered as dangerous goods unless they are decontaminated and do
not meet the criteria for inclusion in other classes.

9.6 Inspection
9.6.1 Except the Inspection before acceptance and stowage dangerous goods，Packages or overpacks containing
dangerous goods must be inspected for signs of damage or leakage upon unloading from the aircraft or unit load
device.

9.6.2 If evidence of damage or leakage is found, the position where the dangerous goods or unit load device was
stowed on the aircraft must be inspected for damage or contamination and any hazardous contamination removed.

9.6.3 Crew should implement inspection on the loading of cargo, mails and baggage and articles and substances
carried by passengers.

9.7 Provision of Information

9.7.1 Notification to Captain

9.7.1.1 As early as practical prior to departure of the aircraft, but in no case later than when the aircraft moves under
its own power, the operator of an aircraft in which dangerous goods are to be carried must provide the
pilot-in-command with accurate and legible written or printed information concerning dangerous goods that are to be
carried as cargo (NOTOC).

9.7.1.2 The NOTOC must be signed by the loadmaster after verification that there is damage to or leakage from the
package and then signed by the pilot-in-command.

9.7.1.3 A copy of the NOTOC must be easily accessible by the pilot-in-command during the flight.

9.7.2 Provision of Information to the Operational Control Department

The operator must provide personnel with responsibilities for operational control of the aircraft with the same
information that is required to be provided to the pilot-in-command (e.g. a copy of the written information provided to
the pilot-in-command) before the aircraft moves on its own power.

9.7.3 Information by the Pilot-in-Command in Case of In-Flight Emergency

9.7.3.1 If an in-flight emergency occurs, the pilot-in-command must, as soon as the situation permits, inform the
appropriate air traffic services unit, for the information of airport authorities, of any dangerous goods carried as cargo
on board an aircraft. Wherever possible, this information should include the proper shipping name and/or UN/ID
number, the class/division and for Class 1, the compatibility group, any identified subsidiary risk(s), the quantity and
the location on board the aircraft or, a telephone number where a copy of the information to the pilot-in-command can
be obtained.

9.7.3.2 When it is not considered possible to include all the information, those parts thought most relevant in the
circumstances or a summary of the quantities and class or division of dangerous goods in each cargo compartment
should be given.

9.7.4 Information to Operator’s Employees

9.7.4.1 An operator must provide, in the operator’s operations and/or other appropriate manuals, information to

40
employees so as to enable flight crews and other employees to carry out their responsibilities with regard to
dangerous goods.

9.7.4.2 Where applicable, this information must also be provided to ground handling agents. This information must
include:

(a) the action to be taken in the event of emergencies involving dangerous goods;

(b) details of the location and identification of cargo compartments;

(c) the maximum quantity of dry ice permitted in each compartment; and

(d) if radioactive material is to be carried, instructions on the loading of such dangerous goods

9.7.5 Provision of Information to Passengers

9.7.5.1 Operators must inform passengers about dangerous goods that passengers are forbidden to transport aboard
an aircraft. The notification system must ensure that where the ticket purchase and/or boarding pass issuance can be
completed by a passenger without the involvement of another person, the system must include an acknowledgement
by the passenger that they have been presented with the information.

9.7.5.2 An operator or the operator’s handling agent and the airport operator must ensure that information on the
types of dangerous goods which are forbidden for transport aboard an aircraft is communicated effectively to
passengers. They must enquire each passenger if dangerous goods are carried and remind passengers that spare
lithium batteries including power banks are forbidden to be carried in checked baggage.

9.7.5.3 An operator and the airport operator must make sure that all relevant staff have received training to enable
them to identify dangerous goods carried by passengers fully comply with the regulations.

9.7.6 Provision of Information at Cargo Acceptance Areas

An operator or the operator's handling agent must ensure that sufficient notices, prominently displayed, are provided
at cargo acceptance points, giving information about the transport of dangerous goods.

9.8 Handling of Transportation Documents After Flight

Flight crew should return all associated documents including the Special Baggage Notification to Captain and Special
Load Notification to Captain to the operational control department.

9.9 Reporting
9.9.1 Dangerous Goods Emergency

The following events are defined as dangerous goods emergency:

(1) Aircraft damage or personnel injury or death occurred due to the transport of dangerous goods;

(2) Dangerous goods fire or smoke;

(3) Dangerous goods leaked, spilled, package damaged which require emergency disposal;

(4) Any other similar circumstances.

9.9.2 Any other dangerous goods events not listed above are non-emergency.

9.9.3 Reporting Requirements

9.9.3.1 Any dangerous goods emergency occurred within the territory of China must be reported:

(1) to the local authority by the company concerned immediately by means of telephone to provide information such

41
as the time and location of occurrence, dangerous goods involved, any injury or death, emergency measure taken,
flight number, etc.;

(2) to CAAC by the company concerned within 12 hours of the occurrence on the Dangerous Goods Event Reporting
System.

9.9.3.2 Any non-emergency dangerous goods event occurred within the territory of China must be report to CAAC
by the company concerned within 48 hours of the occurrence on the Dangerous Goods Event Reporting System.

9.9.3.3 The company concerned may be the operator or its agent.

9.9.3.4 Any dangerous goods emergency occurred outside the territory of China must be reported:

(1) to the local authority by the operator registered in China immediately by means of telephone to provide
information such as the time and location of occurrence, dangerous goods involved, any injury or death, emergency
measure taken, flight number, etc.;

(2) to CAAC by the operator registered in China within 24 hours of the occurrence on the Dangerous Goods Event
Reporting System.

9.9.3.5 Any non-emergency dangerous goods event occurred outside the territory of China must be report to CAAC
by the operator registered in China within 48 hours of the occurrence on the Dangerous Goods Event Reporting
System.

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SECTION 10 – EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDANCE

10.1 Ground Emergency Response Procedure:

(a) Advise supervisor immediately;

(b) Identify the substance involved by reference to documentation ( Shipper’s Declaration ) or package
markings.

(c) Isolate the area and advise emergency services as per local procedures.

(d) Avoid contact with the content of the package.

(e) If contents come in contact with body or clothes :

· Thoroughly wash off body with plenty of water;
· Remove contaminated clothes;
· Do not eat or smoke;
· Keep hands away from eyes, mouth and nose;
· Seek medical assistance.

(f) Make a record of all personnel involved on the site.

10.2 Flight Crew Emergency Procedures

The following procedures are provided by ICAO in its Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents
Involving Dangerous Goods and are included in Tianjin Airlines Dangerous Goods Transportation Manual Chapter
11 and Flight Attendant Manual Section 8.

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10.4 Cabin Crew Emergency Procedures

The following procedures are provided by ICAO in its Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving
Dangerous Goods and are included in the Tianjin Airlines Dangerous Goods Transportation Manual Chapter 11, Flight
Operations Manual Section 11.5 and Flight Attendant Manual Chapter 8.

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10.3 Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Lithium Batteries
The Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Lithium Batteries issued by CAAC provides
recommended practices for crew to follow when such incidents occur in the cockpit, passenger cabin or cargo
compartment. The following are the Company policy based on CAAC guidance.

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10.4 Basic Principles for Handling Dangerous Goods Leakage or Fire
10.4.1 Explosives

· Eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area)

· Wet down with water and dike for later disposal by fire brigade and public security

· Division 1.4 fire may use any type of fire extinguisher except Halogen

· For special arrangement, the type of fire extinguishing agent should be determined by the authority.

10.4.2 Gas

· Maintain maximum ventilation and avoid inhalation. Move containers from fire area if possible. Toxic gases
should be handled only by specialists wearing positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

· For spill or leak of flammable gases, eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in
immediate area)

· Water spray may be used to cool down the containers, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces

· Ruptured cylinders may rocket from two ends.

10.4.3 Flammable liquid

· Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases;

· Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard;

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers;

· Eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).

10.4.4 Flammable solids; Substances liable to spontaneous combustion; Substances which in contact with
water emit flammable gases

· For flammable solids, cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out;

· For metal power, do not use water;

· Wet down with water and dike for later disposal;

· For substances dangerous when wet, DO NOT USE WTAER OR FOAM;

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize
spreading or contact with rain.

10.4.5 Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides

· These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire, some may decompose explosively when heated
or involved in a fire;

· Keep combustibles away from spilled material;

· Do not get water inside containers;

· Repacked oxidizers must be kept under observation for 24 hours before disposal as the spilled package has been
exposed to air.

10.4.6 Toxic and infectious substances

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· Avoid any skin contact or inhalation;

· Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution;

· Keep unauthorized personnel away;

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream;

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical protective clothing that is specifically
recommended by the manufacturer;

· In case of contact of substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes;

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to toxic substances may be delayed;

· Do not use water or soda acid extinguishing agent on cyanide, selenide, zirconium fluoride and toxic metal power.

10.4.7 Radioactive material

· For damaged packages, refer to the “additional handling information” on the DGD and cordon off the
contaminated area;

· Keep unauthorized personnel away;

· Use protective equipment;

· Notify the environment protection bureau;

· Do not takeoff before the aircraft is fully de-contaminated;

· For damaged Type A or Type B packages, notify the public security and health authorities;

· Cover spilled powers as soon as possible;

· Sands or carbon dioxide may be used instead of water.

10.4.8 Corrosive substances

· Some substances will react with water, releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and runoff;

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing;

· Use water to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container;

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize
spreading or contact with rain.

10.4.9 Miscellaneous dangerous goods, including environmentally hazardous substances

· Inspect the aircraft for possible damages;

· Water can be used for items currently included in this class.

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10.5 Dangerous Goods Accident Investigation
(a) Date, time and location of the occurrence;

(b) The sequence of events

(c) People involved and their names;

(d) The full name and address of the shipper and consignee;

(e) Air waybill number, proper shipper name, UN number, class, packing group and quantity;

(f) Documents and authorizations;

(g) Injury and fatality

(h) Actual and estimated loss;

(i) Damage to the package and the reason;

(j) Packaging and its certification;

(k) Marking and labeling, storage and handling.

SAFETY IS UP TO YOU NOW

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Appendix A

EXERCISES

1. What is the meaning of the following abbreviations?

ICAO： IATA：

DGR： TI ：

CCAR-276-R1： DGD：

2. According to the trainee category of IATA-DGR, which category and kind of personnel are you
in?

3. According to DGR and part 276-R1, within how many calendar months should trainee complete
recurrent training and pass examination since last training?

4. If the operator does not transport dangerous goods, it is necessary to train relevant staff on
dangerous goods? Why?
5. Who has the responsibility for the following procedures regarding dangerous goods?
Packing; Completion of dangerous goods declaration;

Inspection; Loading; Stick hazard labeling; Notification to Captain（NOTOC）

6. According to the classification of IATA, how many classes of dangerous goods are there and
what shape of the dangerous goods label is?

7. What is the meaning of the following dangerous goods labels(class, division and compatibility
group and name):

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8. The initial boiling point of a flammable liquid is more than 35℃, which gives off flammable
vapor at temperatures of no more than 23℃ closed-cup test. Which packing Group should its
package be?

9. Which of followings are not class 9 dangerous goods:

automobile; loudspeaker;; Electromagnetic Oven (induction cooker) Dry ice;
Small hot-cold water dispenser Herbicide Lithium ion Battery-powered Wheelchair
lithium battery
10. According to the characters of the following materials, write down the class/division and name

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 of the dangerous goods:
Liquid, 34°C closed-cup test;
Solid, flammable by friction;
Materials which generating oxygen;
Materials that destroys the skin when touching;
Risk material when breathing, swallowing or skin touching; Odor material.
11. What kind of dangerous goods are forbidden for air transportation in any circumstances and how
are they shown on DGR table 4.2?
12. In cases of extreme urgency, or when other forms of transport are inappropriate, or where full
compliance with the prescribed requirements is contrary to the public interest,
may grant exemptions from these Regulations provided that, in such cases,
which is equivalent to the level of safety provided by these Regulations.(Y/N)
13. What kind of dangerous goods might be contained in following items?
Spares and operator materials Vehicles and parts
Cryogenic Medical, dental apparatus
Diagnostic specimens Diving equipments
Adventure equipments Camping equipment
Show, motion picture, stage and special effects equipment Tool kits
Medicine Passenger luggage
Refrigerator Drilling and mining equipment
14. Can dangerous goods in Excepted Quantities and limited quantities be transported by air mail?
15. Does dangerous goods in excepted quantity require a “ Shipper’s Declaration of Dangerous
Goods”? Generally, each inner package should not exceed _____ml__/gram (some of then
should not exceed _____ ml/__gram)?
16. The maximum gross weight for dangerous goods in limited quantity is____ kilograms and the
outer package must be labeled with “dangerous goods in limited quantity”.
17. Which of the following goods should be approved by the operator to be carried by passengers?
One pack of safety match A small medical thermometer
Camping stove with flammable liquid fuel
A bottle of hairspray Personal electronic device with lithium battery; Sport
bullets
18. What is the meaning of the following labels?

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19. The labels on packages of dangerous goods are divided into diamond shape and rectangular
shape. What do they stand for respectively?

20. When putting on Hazard labels, what principles should you follow?

21. According to CCAR-276-R1, what transportation documents of dangerous goods should be kept
for at least 24 months?

22. Who is responsible for completing the DGD? Can the agency or operator do it ?

23.What are the basic principles of handling dangerous goods?

24.What are the side effects of dry ice to live animals?

25.How should portable electronic devices containing lithium batteries be carried and how many
pieces of spare batteries can each passenger carry?

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26.To consign lithium batteries that meet the criteria of Packing Instruction 965-970 Section II，
which labels should be affixed on the packages?

27. In what conditions is alcoholic beverages not subject to the DGR?

28. For alcoholic beverages carried by passenger/crew, what is the requirement on the maximum
volume, package and quantity in DGR and what is the requirement of CAAC?

29. According to DGR Special Provision A59, the following tyre assemblies are not subject to the
Regulations: unserviceable tyre assemblies deflated to a gauge pressure of less than kPa
at 20℃, or serviceable tyre assemblies not inflated to a gauge pressure for
that tyre and protected from damage during transport.
30.Tell the meaning of the following emergency codes:

1、UN1088 Acetal 3H ：

2、UN1558 Arsenlc 6L ：

3、UN1005 Ammonla anhydrous 2CP ：

4、UN 1855 Calcium, pyrophoric 4W ：

5、UN3480 lithium ion batteries 12FZ

31.Which of the following fires can be extinguished by water:

Flammable Liquids;
Flammable Solids;
Metal powder
Substances which, in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable gases;
Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides;
Strong acid; Chloride/bromide

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32.What is the definition of dangerous goods accidents?

33. What is the definition of dangerous goods incidents?

34. In case of in-flight dangerous goods accidents/incidents, what should the crew member do after
landing according to emergency procedures?

35.When undeclared or misdeclared dangerous goods accident or event happen and aircraft accident
or event happen, operator should report to the appropriate authorities of the State of _______
and the State of _______ according to the requirement of the local authority.
36.In the following four groups of packages, each package contains a different class/division of
dangerous goods. Should the two packages in each group be segregated from each other?
Class 3 and Division 5.1; Division 4.3 and class 8; Divisions 6.1 and 4.1; Class 7 and
class2
37.In case of emergency in flight, when captain reports to airport handling department, what
information of dangerous goods should be included? If the dangerous goods are explosive,
what other information should also be reported?

38.When your body or clothes are contaminated by some kind of dangerous goods such as toxic or
infectious substances, what should you do?

39. What initial actions should cabin crew take for baggage fire in the passenger cabin?

40. For lithium battery powered electronic device fire, apply fire procedure, remove external power and

to cool the lithium cells, do not because the battery may explode.

41. Use DGR Subsection 4.2 to check if UN 1089 is permitted on passenger aircraft and the maximum net quantity
per package on cargo aircraft.

42. Lithium batteries prepared in accordance with DGR PI 965-970 require specific information on
which document and what kind of label on each package?
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Appendix B

Evaluation on the Dangerous Goods Training

Date Type of Course

Name of
Type of Students
Instructor

Evaluation

Items / Score 10 9 8 7 6 5

How is the instructor’s behavior?

Is the instructor patient?

Is the instruction passionate?

Is the course easy to understand?

Is this course helpful to your job?

How is the content and progress of this
course
How are the skills and interactions used by
the instructor
How is the teaching method?
How is the instructor’s integrated business
knowledge

Total feeling

What did you learn?

Suggestion and recommendation ：

Total Evaluation from

Marks department

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