Causes of Seeking Jobs Abroad
Unstable Economic and Political Situation
• The unstable economic and political situation in the Philippines is
one of the major causes why most educated and highly skilled
Filipinos prefer to work abroad
• Most of our leaders in the Philippines are not serious in dealing
with the country's economic development and growth
• They are spending more time on arguments, debates and
opposing each other's proposed ideas and projects rather than
taking action on the current problems of the country
• There is lack of cooperation, understanding, acceptance and
consideration on others’ works and contributions.
Low Salary
• Filipinos does not get paid enough to equal his investment. Due
to this, most Filipino skilled workers get jobs abroad where salary
commensurate education, skills, and experience.
Poor Benefits
• In Philippines, it is very rare to be employed and get most of
these benefits
• Companies would not invest more or do not bother to give
additional benefits for their workers
• It is like putting the workers in a “take it or leave it” situation
which I think is taking advantage of the workers.
Less Discrimination
• Advertised jobs on newspapers in the Philippines require a
degree or at least college level of education even for blue-collar
jobs
• Companies think that having beautiful, good-looking and “sexy”
staff would boost their business
• In other countries such as the US and Canada, you are free to get
a job regardless of your age, capacity, married or not married,
gay or lesbian etc. as long that you can perform the job
requested
Possible returns from his investments
• OFW’s simply maximizes the possible returns from his
investments in what we term as “human capital”
Impact on Economy and Society
Gross National Product (GNP)
• Out of 8.1 million Filipinos working in 194 countries all over the
world, 3.2 million are permanently living abroad while 3.6 million
are temporarily working overseas.
• The OFWs now make up almost ten percent of the total
Philippine population.
• The OFW’s remittances makes-up 9.2 percent of the GNP during
2004
Remittances and income levels of migrants and their families
• Remittances from overseas Filipinos have kept the country afloat
• One of three main reasons why the Philippines survived the 1997
Asian financial crisis
• From US$103 million in 1975, Filipino migrants have remitted as
high as US$7.6 billion in 2003.
• From 1990 to 2003, overseas Filipinos have remitted over $62
billion.
• From 1992 to 2001, remittances (by average) are 20.6 percent
and 6.2 percent of export earnings and gross national product.
Employment
Migration's benefits don't go down to the poor?
• The poorer segment of Philippine society has been largely
excluded from the opportunities provided by migration.
• Regions in Mindanao, which have high levels of poverty
incidence, have the lowest proportion of OFWs.
• Economic benefits of international labor migration have not
trickle down to the poor and less developed regions in the
country
Poverty incidence versus number of OFWs per region
• The National Capital Region has 6.4 percent of its residents at or
below the poverty threshold, and contributes 19.1 percent of the
country's total OFWs.
• The provinces of Luzon have a 30.1 percent poverty incidence
rate, contribute 53.2 percent of the country's total overseas
workers.
• Migrant workers from Mindanao, the country's poorest
geographical area with a 44.6 percent poverty incidence rate,
however, only account for 12.3 percent of the country's total
OFWs.
• Visayas, with a 38.2 percent poverty incidence rate, accounts for
15.4 percent of the total number of OFWs.
• Studies on migration and poverty and inequality are insufficient,
with the common assumption of people “that poverty must have
pushed the migrants out of their place or origin to search for
better economic opportunities elsewhere."
Impacts on OFW, family, community vary accordingly
NO DATA
Urban families benefit more from migration than rural families
NO DATA
Culture Change
• Filipinos are hardworking and easy to please
• Once a stimulant in going abroad appears, the idea of actually
doing it becomes inextinguishable
• Once aroused, he will go to great lengths in pursuing a dream
• It is actually doable and countless proofs of success can be found
• More overseas workers find success than failure.
MALI ATA YUNG SINASABI? O MALABO LNG TLGA?
Brain Drain
A situation when a country's diaspora is disproportionately made up
of skilled workers, causing the source country to experience a
decline in average-per-worker income.
• There will be a big possibility that foreign investors would not
want to invest in the Philippines because of the continuous
increasing number of OFWs.
• There are much higher paying jobs outside the country
• The country’s losing its skilled workers
• The government fears that they are losing more workers that it
can afford in critical sectors of the economy including health,
aviation, mining, shipping, and port operations.
• Almost all were literate
• More than 13 percent were academic degree holders/with post
baccalaureate courses
Impact on Individuals (OFW)
Culture Shock
• Most overseas workers were Roman Catholics (Other countries
which are non catholic)
Majority of the Filipino overseas workers were reported as
Roman Catholics except for Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao, where:
Islam comprised 94.43 percent of the total overseas
workers.
Roman Catholics accounted for only 2.28 percent in that
region.
Discrimination
• Weak bargaining position of Third World countries to fight for the
fair treatment of its workers with host countries
• OFWs are always on a weak position in every work contract, and
migration-related circumstances (e.g. visa, immigration status,
onerous terms and conditions) restrict the worker to fight for
better terms.
• The rights of migrants have been a frequent advocacy effort in
many host countries.
• The issues that migrants face are a result of the non-recognition
of the rights of migrants and their families in both origin and
sending countries (most especially the latter).
Socialization Issues
NO DATA
Underemployment
• Unskilled migrant workers are vulnerable to gross exploitation
and abuse
• Women are also exposed to risky jobs, although male
construction and manufacturing workers are also vulnerable
though of a lesser degree than women workers
• Few job openings
• High job qualifications and expectations
• Discrimination
AKO LANG NAGLAGAY NYAN! Research pa!
Emotional Aspects
DI KO MGETS UNG DATA SA FINAL PAPER
Impact on Family
