RECUPERACION DE GEOGRAPHY
WHY IS THE EARTH SO SPECIAL
It's important because it's the only planet that we know has life in it.
Its distance from the sun is just right. Not too hot not too cold.
TEMPERATURES are perfect for permanent supply (suministro) of water, an essential ingredient of
life.
WHERE IS THE EARTH IN THE UNIVERSE
THE UNIVERSE IS CONSTANTLY EXPANDING
Trillions of galaxies
OUR GALAXY
Galaxies are collections of gas, dust, stars and their solar systems.
Earth is located in the galaxy Milky Way, its a spiral and our solar system is one of its arms.
THE SUN our solar systems central star. Satellites, comets and asteroids move around it.
ON one side of the asteroid belt are the inner planets (4 closest to the sun), higher temperatures
and solid with rocky surfaces.
Satellites are astronomical objects that move around a planet. Earths satellite is the moon.
Comets are formed with ice and dust.
Asteroids are formed of rocks.
COMO APRENDER LOS PLANETAS
MERCURIO
VENUS
EARTH
MOON
MARS
ASTEROID BELT
JUPITER
SATURN
URANUS
NEPTUNE
VERDE - Planetas
MARRON - Asteroid belt
NEGRO - Satélite
“Me Voy El Miércoles Mas Asustado, Juan Saltó Un Niño”
OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
Stars are astronomical objects that emit their own light.
The Sun is the star at the centre of our solar system.
The solar system consists of everything that orbits the Sun, This includes eight planets and their
satellites.
OUR PLANET
Earth is the third planet. It is the only planet that we know of that has life.
RECUPERACION DE GEOGRAPHY
This is because of three main characteristics
1. Its distance from the Sun Earth has a moderate temperature because of its position in the
solar System. The planets which are too close to the sun are too hot and those more far away
are too cold.
2. Its atmosphere The layer (capa) of gases around our planet protects us from the Suns
radiation, regulates Earths temperature and contains chemical elements essential for living things.
3. The presence of water This permanent supply of water is vital for life on Earth.
WHAT IS ROTATION AND HOW DOES IT AFFECT US?
One of the e ects of it is the existence of day and night.
Studying Earth
We draw imaginary lines on the Earth to help us study it.
Parallels are horizontal lines we draw around the world.
The Equator is the main parallel and divides the Earth
into a Northern Hemisphere and a Southern
Hemisphere.
Meridians are lines we draw from the North Pole to the
South Pole. The Greenwich meridian is the main one
and divides the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
Rotation
The Earth spins on a tilted (inclinado) axis. It takes 24
hours to complete one full rotation.
The e ects of the Earth's spin
Day and night
As the Earth spins the parts facing the sun have light and the ones facing away from the Sun
remain in darkness.
Earth's shape
Earth moves faster at the Equator than in the poles. This means that the Earth attens at
the poles and budges (agrandar) at the Equator.
Air and water
The rotation of the Earth a ects the movement of air masses and ocean currents around the
world.
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RECUPERACION DE GEOGRAPHY
1.3 EARTHS STRUCTURE AND SURFACE
1.What are Earth's main Layers? CUALES SON LAS CAPAS PRINCIPALES DE LA TIERRA
Earth's main layers
1. The core is the deepest and hottest part of Earth. The INNER core is liquid, whereas the
OUTER core is solid.
EL CORE ES LA PARTE MAS PROFUNDA Y CALIENTE DE LA TIERRA. EL INNER CORE ES
LIQUIDO Y EL OUTER CORE SOLIDO.
2. The mantle is made up of solid rock and also semi-solid rock called magma. The magma
that is closer to the crust is more solid because they are cooler.
EL MANTO ESTA FORMADO POR ROCAS SOLIDAS Y SEMI SOLIDAS LLAMADAS MAGMA.
EL MAGMA QUE SE ENCUENTRA MAS CERCA DE LA CORTEZA ES MAS SOLIDO PORQUE
ESTA MAS FRIO.
3. The crust is the outermost/external part (PARTE EXTERNA) layer of the Earth. It is made up
of solid rock.
Continental crust forms the surface of the continents and oceanic crust forms the ocean oor
(SUELO OCEANICO).
LA CORTEZA ES LA PARTE MAS EXTERNA DE LA TIERRA. ESTA FORMADA DE ROCA
SOLIDA.
LA CORTEZA CONTINENTAL FORMA LA SUPERFICIE DE LOS CONTINENTES Y LA
CORTEZA OCEANICA LA DEL SUELO OCEANICO.
The lithosphere LA LITOSFERA
The Earth's rocky surface (SUPERFICIE ROCOSA) made of the crust and rigid parts of the
mantle is called (SE LLAMA) the lithosphere. The lithosphere is not one continuous layer IT is
formed of di erent pieces, these pieces are called tectonic plates (PLACAS TECTONICAS).
LA SUPERFICIE ROCOSA DE LA TIERRA FORMADA POR CORTEZA Y LAS PARTES
RIGIDAS DEL MANTO SE LLAMA LITOSFERA. LA LITOSFERA NO ES UNA CAPA
CONTINUA, ESTA FORMADA POR DISTINTAS PIEZAS LLAMADAS PLACAS TECTONICAS.
Why and how do tectonic plates move?
Convection currents (CORRIENTES DE CONVECCION)
Earth's surface is formed by tectonic plates. Tectonic plates are like puzzle pieces which move
very slowly because of the convection currents in the mantle.
LA SUPERFICIE DE LA TIERRA ESTA FORMADA POR PLACAS TECTONICAS. LAS PLACAS
TECTONICAS SON COMO PIEZAS DE PUZZLE LAS CUALES SE MUEVEN MUY DESPACIO
POR LAS CORRIENTES DE CONVECCION EN EL MANTO.
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Plate boundaries LIMITES DE PLACA
As the tectonic plates move, they interact with each other. The places where they interact are
called plate boundaries. A MEDIDA QUE LAS PLACAS TECTONICAS SE MUEVEN
INTERACTUAN ENTRE ELLAS. LOS SITIOS DONDE INTERACTUAN SE LLAMAN LIMITES
DE PLACAS
A divergent plate boundary (LIMITE DE PLACA
DIVERGENTE) occurs when plates are moving away
(APARTARSE) from each other.
The Great Rift Valley EJEMPLO
A convergent plate boundary (LIMITE DE PLACA
CONVERGENTE) occurs when two plates collide
(COLISIONAR).
Mountains form at these boundaries.
The Himalaya EJEMPLO
A transform plate boundary (LIMITE DE
PLACA DE TRANSFORMACION) occurs
when two plates slide past (DESLIZAN
ENTRE ELLAS) each other in di erent
directions. (DISTINTAS DIRECCIONES)
Faults (FALLAS) occur at these boundaries.
The San Andres Fault in California.
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