Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region XIII-CARAGA REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SURIGAO DEL SUR
CARRASCAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Nat’l. Highway, Gamuton, Carrascal, Surigao del Sur

WORKSHEET IN 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES & WORLD

GRADE LEVEL: 11 – STEM/HUMSS & TVL DISCIPLINE: English

General Instructions: These worksheets are intended to be answered for the duration of one week, answer all given activities to earn a
grade in this subject. You are not allowed to write anything, crumple or put unnecessary marks in the worksheets, provide yellow sheet
of paper/s for your answers. Please answer the activities provided HONESTLY. Enjoy answering!

Learning Takeaways

Epics in the Philippines during the pre-colonization are considered ethno-epics because they are histories of various
ethnic groups. The epics come in various names: Guman (Subanon); Darangen (Maranao); Hudhud (Ifugao); and Ulahingan
(Manobo). These epics revolve around supernatural events or heroic deeds and they embody or validate the beliefs and
customs and ideals of a community. These are sung or chanted to the accompaniment of indigenous musical instruments
and dancing performed during harvests, weddings or funerals by chanters. The chanters who were taught by their ancestors
are considered "treasures" and/or repositories of wisdom in their communities. Examples of these epics are the Lam-ang
(Ilocano); Hinilawod (Sulod); Kudaman (Palawan); Darangen (Maranao); Ulahingan (Livunganen- Arumanen Manobo);
Mangovayt Buhong na Langit (The Maiden of the Buhong Sky from Tuwaang--Manobo); Ag Tobig neg Keboklagan
(Subanon); and Tudbulol (T'boli).

Prose Fiction presents a story that is invented and not literally “true”. It is written to be read rather than acted
or performed and the events depicted are told to us by a narrator, not enacted or dramatized. One example of
this is a myth. Myth is often a story of origins, how the world and everything in it came to be. It may explain a
practice, belief or natural occurrence.

An example of a myth is the story of ―Tungkung Langit and Alunsina as adapted by F. Landa Jocano. Read the story below and
answer the questions that follow.
One of the stories about the creation of the world, which the old people of Panay, especially those living near the mountains, do not tire
relating, tells that in the beginning there was no sky or earth ?only a bottomless deep and a world of mist. Everything was shapeless
and formless? the earth, the sky and the sea were almost mixed up. In a word, there was confusion. Then, from the depths of this
formless void, there appeared two gods, Tungkung Langit ("Pillar of the Sky") and Alunsina ("The Unmarried One”). Just where these
two deities came from, it was not known. However, it was related that Tungkung Langit had fallen in love with Alunsina; and after so
many years of courtship they got married and had their abode in the highest realm of ethereal space, where the water was constantly
warm and the breeze was constantly cool. It was in this place where order and regularity first took place. Tungkung Langit was an
industrious, loving and kind god whose chief concern was how to impose order over the whole confused set-up of things. He assumed
responsibility for the regular cosmic movement. On the other hand, Alunsina was a lazy, jealous and selfish goddess whose only work
was to sit by the window of their heavenly home and amuse herself with her pointless thoughts. Sometimes, she would go down the
house, sit down by a pool near the doorsteps, and comb her long jet-black hair all day long. One day, Tungkung Langit told his wife that
he would be away from home for some time to put an end to the chaotic disturbances in the flow of time and the position of things.
However, despite this purpose, Alunsina sent the breeze to spy on Tungkung Langit. This made the latter very angry upon knowing
about it. Immediately after his return from his trip, he called this act to her attention, saying that it as ungodly of her to be
jealous, there being no other creature in the world except the two of them. This reproach was resented by Alunsina and a quarrel
between them followed. Tungkung Langit lost his temper. In his rage he divested his wife of powers and drove her away. He did not
know where Alunsina went; she merely disappeared. Several days after Alunsina had left, Tungkung Langit felt very lonely. He realized
what he had done. Somehow, it was too late even to be sorry about the whole matter. The whole place, once vibrant with Alunsina's
sweet voice, suddenly became cold and desolate. In the morning when he woke up, he would find himself alone; and in the afternoon
when he came home, he would feel the same loneliness creeping deep in his heart because there was no one to meet him at the
doorstep or soothe the aching muscles of his arms. For months, Tungkung Langit was in utter desolation. He could not find Alunsina,
try hard as he would. And so, in desperation, he decided to do something in order to forget his sorrows. For months and months, he
thought. His mind seemed pointless; his heart weary and sick. But he must do something about his lonely world. One day, while he was
sailing across the regions of the clouds, a thought came to him. H would make the sea and the earth, and lo! The earth and the sea
suddenly appeared. However, the somber sight of the lonely sea and the barren land irritated him. So, he came down to earth and
planted the ground with trees and flowers. Then he took his wife's treasured jewels and scattered them in the sky, hoping that when
Alunsina 15 would see them she might be induced to return home. The goddess's necklace became the stars, her comb the moon and
her crown the sun. However, despite all these Alunsina did not come back. Up to this time, the old folk say Tungkung Langit lives alone
in his palace in the skies. Sometimes, he would cry out his pent-up emotion and his tears would fall upon the earth. The people in
Panay today say the rain is Tungkung Langit's tears. Incidentally, when it thunders hard, the old folk also say that it is Tungkung Langit
sobbing, calling for his beloved Alunsina to come back, entreating her so hard that his voice reverberates across the fields and the
countryside.

PROCESSING
Activity No. 1
FOLLOW – UP QUESTIONS

1. Are there other stories of creation that you have heard before? Please explain further in your answer sheet.
2. How is this story similar or different from the myth given above? Why?
3. Have you heard of the story of Adam and Eve? Do you see any similarities and differences between Adam and Eve and Tungkung
Langit and Alunsina? Please explain further in your answer sheet.

OUTPUT

Activity No. 2
COMPARE AND CONTRAST
Direction: Compare and contrast the story of creation as told by the story of Tungkung Langit and Alunsina to the story of creation that
appears in Genesis from the Catholic religion bible.
1. Write the similarities and differences of the god mentioned in Tungkung Langit and Aluns ina to the God mentioned in the Catholic
bible.
2. What are the similarities and differences in the creation of the universe in both stories?
3. How about the similarities and differences in the creation of man?

SIMILARITIES DIFFERENCES

‘god’/supernatural being

Creation of the universe

Creation of man

THANK YOU FOR ANSWERING AND KEEP SAFE ALWAYS!