LM317

3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR

www.ti.com SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

FEATURES
• Output Voltage Range Adjustable From 1.25 V • Thermal Overload Protection
to 37 V • Output Safe-Area Compensation
• Output Current Greater Than 1.5 A
• Internal Short-Circuit Current Limiting
KC (TO-220) PACKAGE KTE PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW) (TOP VIEW)
OUTPUT

INPUT
INPUT

OUTPUT
OUTPUT
ADJUST
OUTPUT
ADJUST

KCS (TO-220) PACKAGE DCY (SOT-223) PACKAGE

(TOP VIEW) (TOP VIEW)
OUTPUT

INPUT INPUT

OUTPUT
OUTPUT
ADJUST
OUTPUT

ADJUST

DESCRIPTION/ORDERING INFORMATION
The LM317 is an adjustable three-terminal positive-voltage regulator capable of supplying more than 1.5 A over
an output-voltage range of 1.25 V to 37 V. It is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors
to set the output voltage. Furthermore, both line and load regulation are better than standard fixed regulators.
In addition to having higher performance than fixed regulators, this device includes on-chip current limiting,
thermal overload protection, and safe operating-area protection. All overload protection remains fully functional,
even if the ADJUST terminal is disconnected.
The LM317 is versatile in its applications, including uses in programmable output regulation and local on-card
regulation. Or, by connecting a fixed resistor between the ADJUST and OUTPUT terminals, the LM317 can
function as a precision current regulator. An optional output capacitor can be added to improve transient
response. The ADJUST terminal can be bypassed to achieve very high ripple-rejection ratios, which are difficult
to achieve with standard three-terminal regulators.

ORDERING INFORMATION
TA PACKAGE (1) ORDERABLE PART NUMBER TOP-SIDE MARKING
PowerFLEX™ – KTE Reel of 2000 LM317KTER LM317
Tube of 80 LM317DCY
SOT-223 – DCY L3
0°C to 125°C Reel of 2500 LM317DCYR
TO-220 – KC Tube of 50 LM317KC
LM317
TO-220, short shoulder – KCS Tube of 20 LM317KCS

(1) Package drawings, standard packing quantities, thermal data, symbolization, and PCB design guidelines are available at
www.ti.com/sc/package.

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas
Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PowerFLEX, PowerPAD are trademarks of Texas Instruments.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Copyright © 1997–2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
LM317
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR www.ti.com
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
INPUT

OUTPUT
ADJUST

Absolute Maximum Ratings (1)

over virtual junction temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN MAX UNIT
VI – VO Input-to-output differential voltage 40 V
TJ Operating virtual junction temperature 150 °C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 in) from case for 10 s 260 °C
Tstg Storage temperature range –65 150 °C

(1) Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating
conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Package Thermal Data (1)

PACKAGE BOARD θJA θJC θJP (2)
PowerFLEX™ (KTE) High K, JESD 51-5 23°C/W 3°C/W
SOT-223 (DCY) High K, JESD 51-7 53°C/W 30.6°C/W
TO-220 (KC/KCS) High K, JESD 51-5 19°C/W 17°C/W 3°C/W

(1) Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient
temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TA)/θJA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can affect reliability.
(2) For packages with exposed thermal pads, such as QFN, PowerPAD™, or PowerFLEX™, θJP is defined as the thermal resistance
between the die junction and the bottom of the exposed pad.

2
 LM317
www.ti.com
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

Recommended Operating Conditions

MIN MAX UNIT
VI – VO Input-to-output differential voltage 3 40 V
IO Output current 1.5 A
TJ Operating virtual junction temperature 0 125 °C

Electrical Characteristics
over recommended ranges of operating virtual junction temperature (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS (1) MIN TYP MAX UNIT
TJ = 25°C 0.01 0.04
Line regulation (2) VI – VO = 3 V to 40 V %/V
TJ = 0°C to 125°C 0.02 0.07
CADJ = 10 µF, (3) VO ≤ 5 V 25 mV
TJ = 25°C VO ≥ 5 V 0.1 0.5 %VO
Load regulation IO = 10 mA to 1500 mA
VO ≤ 5 V 20 70 mV
TJ = 0°C to 125°C
VO ≥ 5 V 0.3 1.5 %VO
Thermal regulation 20-ms pulse, TJ = 25°C 0.03 0.07 %VO/W
ADJUST terminal current 50 100 µA
Change in
VI – VO = 2.5 V to 40 V, PD ≤ 20 W, IO = 10 mA to 1500 mA 0.2 5 µA
ADJUST terminal current
Reference voltage VI – VO = 3 V to 40 V, PD ≤ 20 W, IO = 10 mA to 1500 mA 1.2 1.25 1.3 V
Output-voltage
TJ = 0°C to 125°C 0.7 %VO
temperature stability
Minimum load current
VI – VO = 40 V 3.5 10 mA
to maintain regulation
VI – VO ≤ 15 V, PD < PMAX (4) 1.5 2.2
Maximum output current A
VI – VO ≤ 40 V, PD < PMAX (4), TJ = 25°C 0.15 0.4
RMS output noise voltage
f = 10 Hz to 10 kHz, TJ = 25°C 0.003 %VO
(% of VO)
CADJ = 0 µF (3) 57
Ripple rejection VO = 10 V, f = 120 Hz dB
CADJ = 10 µF (3) 62 64
Long-term stability TJ = 25°C 0.3 1 %/1k hr

(1) Unless otherwise noted, the following test conditions apply: |VI – VO| = 5 V and IOMAX = 1.5 A, TJ = 0°C to 125°C. Pulse testing
techniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible.
(2) Line regulation is expressed here as the percentage change in output voltage per 1-V change at the input.
(3) CADJ is connected between the ADJUST terminal and GND.
(4) Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient
temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TA)/θJA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can affect reliability.

3
LM317
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR www.ti.com
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

LOAD REGULATION LOAD REGULATION

10.01 1.4
TA = 25°C
TA = –40°C 1.2
10.005 TA = –40°C
1

10 0.8
TA = 25°C
V OUT – V

V OUT – V
0.6
9.995
0.4
TA = 125°C TA = 125°C
9.99 0.2

0
9.985
-0.2
VOUT = 10 V Nom VOUT = VREF
9.98 -0.4
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
IOUT – A IOUT – A

LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE

0 11 0 11

-0.5 10.8 -0.5 10.8

-1 10.6 -1 10.6
VIN
VIN
-1.5 10.4 -1.5 10.4
Load Current – A
V OUT Deviation – V
Load Current – A

-2 10.2
-2 10.2
VOUT
VOUT -2.5 10
-2.5 10
-3 9.8
-3 9.8
-3.5 9.6
-3.5 9.6
-4 9.4
-4 9.4
-4.5 9.2
-4.5 9.2 CADJ = 10 µF
CADJ = 0 µF -5 9
-30

-20

-10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

-5 9
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70

Tim e – µs
Tim e – µs

4
 LM317
www.ti.com
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

LINE REGULATION LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE

1.285 20 10.10
CADJ = 0 µF
1.28
19 VOUT 10.08
1.275

1.27 18 10.06

V IN Change – V
TA = –40°C

V OUT – V
V OUT – V

1.265
TA = 25°C 17 10.04
1.26
VIN
1.255 TA = 125°C 16 10.02

1.25
15 10.00
1.245

1.24 14 9.98

-25

-15

-5

15

25

35

45

55

65
0

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

V IN – V Tim e – µs

LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE RIPPLE REJECTION

vs
FREQUENCY

20 10.12 -90
V IN = 15 V
CADJ = 10 µF
V OUT = 10 V
10.10 -80
19 IOUT = 500 m A CADJ = 0 µF
TA = 25°C
VOUT 10.08 -70
Ripple Rejection – dB

18
V IN Change – V

-60
10.06
V OUT – V

17 CADJ = 10 µF
-50
10.04
VIN
16 -40
10.02
-30
15
10.00
-20
14 9.98
-25

-15

-5

15

25

35

45

55

65

-10
100
100 1k
1000 10k
10000 100k
100000 1M
1000000
Tim e – µs
Frequency – Hz

5
LM317
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR www.ti.com
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

RIPPLE REJECTION RIPPLE REJECTION

vs vs
OUTPUT CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE

-68 -75

-66
-70
-64
-65
Ripple Rejection – dB

Ripple Rejection – dB
-62
-60
-60

-58 -55

-56 -50
V IN = 15 V
-54 -45 V IN – V OUT = 15 V
V OUT = 10 V
f = 120 Hz IOUT = 500 m A
-52 f = 120 Hz
TA = 25°C -40
TA = 25°C
-50
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

-35
IOUT – A 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
V OUT – V

6
 LM317
www.ti.com
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

APPLICATION INFORMATION
D1 (Note E)
1N4002

Input Output
VI LM317 VO (Note C)

Adjust R1
240 Ω
D2 (Note E)
Vref = 1.25 V 1N4002
IAdj
Ci (Note A) CO (Note B)
0.1 µF 1.0 µF

R2 CADJ (Note D)

NOTES: A. Ci is not required, but is recommended, particularly if the regulator is not in close proximity to the power-supply filter
capacitors. A 0.1-µF disc or 1-µF tantalum provides sufficient bypassing for most applications, especially when adjustment
and output capacitors are used.

B. CO improves transient response, but is not needed for stability.

C. VO is calculated as shown:

VO  V ref 1  R2
R1
  (I Adj
R 2)

Because IAdj typically is 50 µA, it is negligible in most applications.

D. CADJ is used to improve ripple rejection; it prevents amplification of the ripple as the output voltage is adjusted higher. If
CADJ is used, it is best to include protection diodes.

E. If the input is shorted to ground during a fault condition, protection diodes provide measures to prevent the possibility of
external capacitors discharging through low-impedance paths in the IC. By providing low-impedance discharge paths for
CO and CADJ, respectively, D1 and D2 prevent the capacitors from discharging into the output of the regulator.

Figure 1. Adjustable Voltage Regulator

7
LM317
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR www.ti.com
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued)

LM317
+35 V INPUT OUTPUT VO

ADJUST R1
120 Ω

−10 V
C1 R2
0.1 µF R3 3 kΩ
680 Ω

VO is calculated as:
 
VO  Vref 1
R2
R3
I Adj(R2
R3) – 10 V
R1
Since IAdj typically is 50 µA, it is negligible in most applications.

Figure 2. 0-V to 30-V Regulator Circuit

LM317
VI INPUT OUTPUT VO

ADJUST D1
R1 1N4002
240 Ω (see Note A)
C1 C3
0.1 µF 1 µF

R2 C2
5 kΩ 10 µF

NOTE A: D1 discharges C2 if the output is shorted to ground.

Figure 3. Adjustable Regulator Circuit With Improved Ripple Rejection

LM317
VI INPUT OUTPUT Ilimit
1.2
R1
R1
ADJUST

Figure 4. Precision Current-Limiter Circuit

8
 LM317
www.ti.com
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued)

R2
720 Ω

R1
240 Ω
ADJUST
VI INPUT OUTPUT
LM317 LM317
INPUT OUTPUT VO

ADJUST R3
120 Ω
C1
0.1 µF C2
1 µF
Output R4
Adjust 1 kΩ

Figure 5. Tracking Preregulator Circuit

LM317
VI INPUT OUTPUT VO

ADJUST
R1
1.2 kΩ

R2
20 kΩ

Figure 6. 1.25-V to 20-V Regulator Circuit With Minimum Program Current

LM317 LM317 LM317

VI INPUT OUTPUT VO(1) VI INPUT OUTPUT VO(1) VI INPUT OUTPUT VO(1)

ADJUST R1 ADJUST ADJUST

120 Ω

R2
1 kΩ

(1) Minimum load current from each output is 10 mA. All output voltages are within 200 mV of each other.

Figure 7. Adjusting Multiple On-Card Regulators With a Single Control

9
LM317
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR www.ti.com
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued)

RS
0.2 Ω
LM317
(see Note A)
VI INPUT OUTPUT

ADJUST R1
240 Ω

R2
2.4 kΩ

NOTE A: RS controls the output impedance of the charger.


ZOUT  RS 1
R2
R1

The use of RS allows for low charging rates with a fully charged battery.

Figure 8. Battery-Charger Circuit

LM317
24 Ω
VI INPUT OUTPUT

ADJUST

Figure 9. 50-mA Constant-Current Battery-Charger Circuit

LM317
VI INPUT OUTPUT VO = 15 V

ADJUST R1 D1
240 Ω 1N4002

R3
50 kΩ
R2
2.7 kΩ
2N2905 C1
25 µF

Figure 10. Slow Turn-On 15-V Regulator Circuit

10
 LM317
www.ti.com
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued)

LM317
VI INPUT OUTPUT

ADJUST 480 Ω 120 Ω

12 VI(PP) 6 VO(PP)
480 Ω
2 W (TYP)
120 Ω
ADJUST
VI INPUT OUTPUT

LM317

Figure 11. AC Voltage-Regulator Circuit

LM317
VI+ INPUT OUTPUT

ADJUST R1
240 Ω

R2
1.1 kΩ

R3
(see Note A)
VI−

NOTE A: R3 sets the peak current (0.6 A for a 1-Ω resistor).

Figure 12. Current-Limited 6-V Charger Circuit

11
LM317
3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR www.ti.com
SLVS044Q – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED OCTOBER 2005

APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued)

LM317
0.2 Ω
VI INPUT OUTPUT

ADJUST

LM317
0.2 Ω
INPUT OUTPUT

ADJUST

4.5 V to 25 V

LM317
0.2 Ω
INPUT OUTPUT

ADJUST
5 kΩ

100 Ω 5 kΩ
_
TL080 150 Ω
2N2905 +
200 pF
1.5 kΩ

Figure 13. Adjustable 4-A Regulator Circuit

TIP73

2N2905
500 Ω

VI
5 kΩ

LM317
22 Ω
INPUT OUTPUT VO

ADJUST
120 Ω 1N4002

See
10 µF 47 µF
Note A
10 µF
(see Note B)

NOTES: A. The minimum load current is 30 mA.

B. This optional capacitor improves ripple rejection.

Figure 14. High-Current Adjustable Regulator Circuit

12
 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 6-Dec-2006

PACKAGING INFORMATION

Orderable Device Status (1) Package Package Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3)
Type Drawing Qty
LM317DCY ACTIVE SOT-223 DCY 4 80 Green (RoHS & CU SN Level-2-260C-1YEAR
no Sb/Br)
LM317DCYG3 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCY 4 80 Green (RoHS & CU SN Level-2-260C-1YEAR
no Sb/Br)
LM317DCYR ACTIVE SOT-223 DCY 4 2500 Green (RoHS & CU SN Level-2-260C-1YEAR
no Sb/Br)
LM317DCYRG3 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCY 4 2500 Green (RoHS & CU SN Level-2-260C-1YEAR
no Sb/Br)
LM317KC NRND TO-220 KC 3 50 Pb-Free CU SN N / A for Pkg Type
(RoHS)
LM317KCE3 NRND TO-220 KC 3 50 Pb-Free CU SN N / A for Pkg Type
(RoHS)
LM317KCS ACTIVE TO-220 KCS 3 50 Pb-Free CU SN N / A for Pkg Type
(RoHS)
LM317KTER NRND PFM KTE 3 2000 TBD CU SNPB Level-1-220C-UNLIM
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in
a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.

(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check
http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements
for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered
at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and
package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS
compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame
retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material)

(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder
temperature.

Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is
provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the
accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take
reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on
incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited
information may not be available for release.

In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI
to Customer on an annual basis.

Addendum-Page 1
 MECHANICAL DATA

MPDS094A – APRIL 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

DCY (R-PDSO-G4) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE

6,70 (0.264)
6,30 (0.248)
3,10 (0.122)
2,90 (0.114)
4
0,10 (0.004) M

7,30 (0.287) 3,70 (0.146)

6,70 (0.264) 3,30 (0.130)

Gauge Plane
1 2 3
0,25 (0.010)
0,84 (0.033) 0°–10°
2,30 (0.091)
0,66 (0.026)
0,10 (0.004) M
4,60 (0.181) 0,75 (0.030) MIN

1,70 (0.067)
1,80 (0.071) MAX 1,50 (0.059)
0,35 (0.014)
0,23 (0.009)
Seating Plane

0,10 (0.0040) 0,08 (0.003)

0,02 (0.0008)

4202506/B 06/2002

NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters (inches).

B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion.
D. Falls within JEDEC TO-261 Variation AA.

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

 MECHANICAL DATA

MPFM001E – OCTOBER 1994 – REVISED JANUARY 2001

KTE (R-PSFM-G3) PowerFLEX PLASTIC FLANGE-MOUNT

0.375 (9,52) 0.080 (2,03)

0.365 (9,27) 0.070 (1,78)
0.360 (9,14) 0.050 (1,27)
0.350 (8,89) 0.040 (1,02)
0.220 (5,59) 0.010 (0,25) NOM
NOM

Thermal Tab
(See Note C)
0.360 (9,14)
0.295 (7,49)
0.350 (8,89)
NOM
0.320 (8,13)
0.420 (10,67)
0.310 (7,87)
0.410 (10,41)

1 3

0.025 (0,63)
Seating Plane
0.031 (0,79)
0.004 (0,10)
0.100 (2,54) 0.010 (0,25) M
0.005 (0,13)
0.200 (5,08)
0.001 (0,03)

0.041 (1,04)
0.010 (0,25) 0.031 (0,79)
NOM
Gage Plane

3°– 6°

0.010 (0,25)

4073375/F 12/00

NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).

B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. The center lead is in electrical contact with the thermal tab.
D. Dimensions do not include mold protrusions, not to exceed 0.006 (0,15).
E. Falls within JEDEC MO-169

PowerFLEX is a trademark of Texas Instruments.

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1

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