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 DeSouza's
Forms and Precedents of
Conveyancing
 —

Kolkata
Eastern Law House Private Ltd.
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Kolkata (Calcutta) 700 013

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 DeSouza's
Forms and Precedents of
Conveyancing
Thirteenth Edition

by

C.R. Datta
MA (Corn), LLB (Cal), ATII (England), DIA (London)
Barrister-at-Law, Lincoln's Inn

M.N. Das
Former District & Sessions Judge and
lember-Secretary, State Law Commission, West Bengal

Kolkata New Delhi

EASTERN LAW HOUSE
 Published and processed by
EASTERN LAW HOUSE PRIVATE LTD.
54 Gaiiesh.Chunder Avenue
Kolkata (Calcutta) 700 013
Tel: (033) 2215-1989/2301 Fax: (033) 2215-0491
E-mail: elh@cal.vsnl.flet.in
www.easternlawhouse.com

First Edition ..................................... 1933

Second Edition ................................. 1935
Third Edition ..................................... 1941
Fourth Edition ................................. 1948
Fifth Edition .................................... 1952
SixthEdition ..................................... 1958
Seventh Edition ............................... 1963
Eighth Edition ................................. 1968
Ninth Edition .................................... 1973
Tenth Edition .................................... 1976
Eleventh Edition ............................. 1980
Twelfth Edition .......................... 1983
Thirteenth Edition., ..... . . ..... 1999
Second Revised Impression ....... 2001
Third Revised Impression .......... 2004

©
EsrN LAW HOUSE PRIVATE LTD.
ESTATE OF C.J. DESOuZA
1999

ISBN 81-7177-170-X (Hardcover)

ISBN 81-7177-171-8 (Paperback)

Printed at
Swapna Printing Works Private Ltd.
Kolkata
 Preface to the Thirteenth Edition

The special and technical subject of Conveyancing which fcrrna an

integral part of the legal profession has been given a p:actical shape in
Oe.ou-. wyancing which can claim tc h3 a bcek on the subject. ith
a difference.

- While revising the work we have been conscious of the fact that ,,t has
earned a reputation of being the only book of its kind throughout tle last
si decades and we have tried to be as careful as possible to maintain its
standard of excellence and the object of the book.
Enlarged and reoriented this revised edition is enriched with an
abund-ance of materials distributed in several chapters with appirate
models and precedents. Each chapter deals with a specific subject and is
prefaced with an adequate exposition of the legal principles involved
and suitable guidelines have been indicated with a view to their practical
application.

We have added several new subjects including Joint Venture, Foreign

Collaboration, Franchising, Lease Financing of Equipment, Consumer
Protection Act, Apartment Ownership, Promoters' Loan Agreement with
relevant model forms in the background of the fact that India is a member
of the WTO and multinationals and NRI's have become a part of the
industrial and commercial scenario of the country.

Case laws have been updated as far as possible incorporating recent

decisions of the Supreme Court and of the different High Courts. We are
confident that the book will be of immense assistance not only to the
members of the legal profession besides draftsmen and general

[5]
[6] PREFACE TO THE THIRTEENTH EDITION

practitioners but also to the corporate sectors including companies

and Firms.
We must thank Mr. Asok Dc, Director of Eastern Law House and its
staff' for the valuable assistance afforded to us in preparing this work
followed by its processing.

Calcutta C.R. DATTA

8th September 1999 M.N. DAS
 Preface to the First Edition

The Publication of this book, the first of its kind, is int.nded to supply a
long standing want felt both by Legal Practitioners and business men,
for a suitable guide in drawing up their documents, such as used in British
India, in a precise and correct manner.
The book is divided into two parts, the first containing model forms of
all kinds of documents and legal instruments, very carefully selected and
arranged into different chapters, and the second being a set of the most
important petitions to Courts.
As the book is designed for the use of laymen as well, comprthensjve
notes embodying all the important law regarding the documents and
petitions have been given at the foot of each chapter, and at the end of the
second part, so that every educated person will be in a position to prepare
his own documents independently of any professional aid.
My best thanks are due to Mr. M.K. Padhey, P1eader, Nagpur, for
helping me with his valuable suggestions in the course of the preparation
of the book, and also to my other fiends, who have been so kind as to give
me their assistance in various ways.
Suggestions from kind readers for further improvement of the book in
the subsequent editions will be most gratefully acknowledged, and it is
hoped that its publication will prove to be very useful, and will meet with
appreciation and encouragement from the public.

8th September, 1933

L.C.D.

[7]
 Contents

Page
1reface to the Thirteenth Edition [5]
Preface to the First Edition .............................................................................[71
Tableof Cases ...................................................................................................[351
Chapter1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 1-35
A short history of conveyancing in England ............................. 4
Deedpo1l...................................................................................... 6
Indentures................................................................................... 6
Grant........................................................................................... 6
Delivery-meaning of ...................................................................
Land systems in ancient England .............................................. 8
Ownership of land and soil-Indian scenario ............................. 9
Concept of absolute ownership ................................................... 11
Conveyancing in India ................................................................ 11
Suggestion................................................................................... 14
Capacityto convey ....................................................................... 14
Transfer by limited owners (vide s. 38 of the
Transfer of Property Act) ......................................................... 18
Transfer of family dwelling-house and its effect on
rightof residence ...................................................................... 18
Widow of undivided coparcener.................................................. 18
Government Grants Act 1895 ..................................................... 19
Cantonment tenure-nature ........................................................ 19
Disqualified transferee ............................................................... 20
Unbornperson ............................................................................. 20
Fiduciary relationship between the parties .............................. 20
Operation and restraint on transfer .......................................... 20
Ownership of superstructure and ownership of soil
maybe different ....................................................................... 21
Requirements of deeds of transfer in general ............................ 23
Execution.................................................................................... 29
Attestation................................................................................... 30
Possession of the property ......................................................... 30
Registration of deeds ................................................................... 31
RegisteringOfficer ...................................................................... 33

[91
(10] I1k1f]

Chapter 1 Introduction—continued Page

Arbitration................................................................ 34
Mortgage by deposit of title deeds ........................... 34
Time limit for presentation of documents ............. 34
Enforcement to register ........................................... ;34
Delivery of deeds ..................................................... 35
Essence of drafting ................................................... 35
Information Technology Act 2000 ............................ 35
Chapter 2 Adoption ......................................................... 36-47
FORMS
• Adoption of ale Child ....................................................................... 37
• Adoption of Mule Child ....................................................................... 38
• Adoption by a Hindu Widow ............................................................... 40
• Adoption by Unmarried Hindu Woman .............................................. 40
• Adoption of Son by Hindu Male without Wife's Consent ................... 41
• Declaration by Guardian ..................................................................... 41
• Consent given by Wife to Adopt .......................................................... 42
• Authority given to Wife to Adopt ........................................................ 42
• Deed by Adoptive Father and Natural Guardian .............................. 42
• Adoption from Guardian ..................................................................... 43
• Adoption without Consent of Step-mother ........................................ 44
• Adoption of Female Child where getting Consent of Wife Impossible 45
• Adoption of Male Child from Orphanage ........................................... 46
Chapter 3 Agreement ................................. 48-101
Introductory observations ......... 48
State actions ............................. 49
Formation ................................. 49
L#L LLLL V USU 5L Ceillell L. .................................................... 54
FORMS 2
• Loan Agreement with Bank ............................................................... 57
• Agreement for Cash Credit ................................................................. 59
• Agreement between Producers and Distributors .............................. 61
• Advertising Agreement ...................................................................... 64
• Agreement for Appointment of Sales Agent ...................................... 66
• Agreement between Manufacturer and Dealer ................................. 70
• Agreement between Merchant and Travelling Agent ....................... 71
• Agreement between Businessman and Manager.............................. 73
• Agreement with Agent for Procuring Purchaser............................... 75
• Agreement between Principal and Monopoly Agent ......................... 76
• Agreement between a Cinema Artiste and Producer........................ 77
• Publicity Agreement with a Cinema tor.Advertisement
bySlide or Film ................................................................................... 80
• Loan Agreement re. Production of Picture .................................... 82
• Agreement between a Solicitor and Articled Clerk ........................... 83
• Agreement between Master and Wori.man ........................................ 85
• Agreement between Master and Domestic Servant ......................... 86
• Agreement between Parent and Resident Governess ....................... 86
• Agreement between a School and a Teacher ..................................... 88
• Agreement between Firm of Solicitors and Managing Clerk ........... 89
• Agreement between Solicitor and a Company .................................. 91
• Agreement between Publisher and Author ........................................ 92
• Tenancy Agreement re. Residential House ........................................ 95
• Agreement for Carriage of Goods ....................................................... 97
 CONTENTS [ii]

Nge
Chapter 4 Apartment Ownership 102-115
The West Bengal Apartment Ownership Act 1972 ....................102
FORMS

• Declaration under section 2, read with section 10 of the

West Bengal Apartment Ownership Act 1972 ................................... i 03
• Agreement for Transfer of a Flat by a Member of a
Co-operative Housing Society to Another..........................................106
• Agreement for Sale of Apartment ...................................................... 108
Chapter 5 Apprenticeship. ............... ........................................... .. ............. 116-119
Introductory observation ............................................................116
FORMS
• Apprenticeship Deed ...........................................................................116
• Deed of Cancellation of Apprenticeship ............................................119
Chapter 6 Arbitration and Award .......................... .................................... io—iso
TILE OLD Acr
The Arbitration Act 1940
Introductory observations ........................................................... 120
Authority of appointed arbitrator or umpire ............................. 121
Effect of death of a party to an arbitration agreement .............. 121
Powerof arbitrator ...................................................................... 122
Award.......................................................................................... 122
FORMS
• Award made under an Order of the Court ......................................... 122
• Award by Arbitrator Appointed by Parties ......................................... 123
• Award by Umpire ................................................................................ 124
TILE NEW AcT
The Arbitration & Conciliation Act 1996
No judicial intervention .............................................................. 124
Parties to be referred to arbitration ........................................... 124
Procedure..................................................................................... 125
Interimorders .............................................................................. 125
Jurisdiction.................................................................................. 126
Courtassistance .......................................................................... 126
Application for setting aside of an Award .................................. 126
Limitation.................................................................................... 127
Refer back to arbitrator .............................................................. 127
Awardis decree............................................................................ 127
Enforcement of domestic Award ................................................. 127
Enforcement of foreign Award ................................................... 127
Appealableorders ........................................................................ 128
Schemes under s. 11 of the Arbitration & Conciliation Act 1996 128
Public works contracts arbitration ............................................ 129
Some aspects of the Act ............................................................... 129
FORMS
• Notice under section 11 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 133
• Application for Cancellation of Arbitration Agreement .................... 134
• Petition for Appointment of an Arbitrator ........................................ 137
 (123 CONTENTS

Chapter 6 Arbitration and Award—continued Page

• Petition Praying for Interim Measures .............................................. 139
• Petition for Appointment of a Sole Arbitrator.. ................................. 142
• Petition for Substitution of Arbitrator upon Challenge ..................... 145
• Petition for Substitution of Arbitrator upon Termination of Mandate 148
• Petition Seeking for Interpretation of Award .................................... 151
• Application for Setting Aside an Award ............................................. 154
• Application for Setting Aside an Award and Interim Relief .............. 157
• Application for Appointment of an Arbitrator .................................... 160
• Application fcr Ccurt Assistance in taking Evidence ........................ 164
• Award made by Arbitrator Appointed by Court under
section 11 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 .................... 166
• Award by i, ibitrator Appointed by Party .......................................... 168
• Award by U p re ................................................................................ 169
• Application Seeking for Interim Measures ........................................ 171
• Notice for Hearing of Application ....................................................... 176
• Notice 'indcr .'5.rbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 ......................... 179
Cha'r 7 5igr.ent of copyright eL-.................................................... i8i--i!O
Actionableclaim ..........................................................................181
Transfer of actionable claim how effected .................................181
Warranty of solvency of debtor .................................................. 182
Incapacity of officers connected with Courts of Justice .............182
Saving of negotiable instruments, etc . ....................................... 182
Copyright.....................................................................................182
Rectification.................................................................................183
Patent and Trade Mark .............................................................. 1 l
FORMS

• Deed of Assignment of Business Debts .............................................. 183

• Deed of Assignment of Bond Debt ..................................................... 185
• Assignment of a Bond Dnbt ................................. .......... ..................... 186
• Deed of Assignment cf Bond Debt ......................................................
• Deed of Assignment of Business Debts .............................................. 187
• Assignment of Cinematograph Rights in a Play or Novel ................. 188
• Apology for Infringement of Copyright ............................................... 189
• Assignment of Copyright of Book Reserving Royalty ........................ 190
• Deed of Assignment of Growing Crops ............................................... 192
• Assignment of Copyright and Trade Name in a Newspaper by a
Limited Company to the Trnote of an Intended Association .......... 193
• Assignment of Patent ...................... ........................................ 194
• Assignment of Policy of Life Insurance by Nomination .................... 195
• Deed of Assignment of Policy of Life Insurance by
way of Gift with Reservation ............................................................. 195
• Deed of Assignment of Policy of Life Assurance................................ 196
• Deed of Assignment of Sh.-r in a Company ............................. 197
• Assignment of a Registered Trade Mark .......................................... 197
• Deed of Assignment of Rent ................................................................ 198
Chapter 8 Bail Petition ................ . ................................. ................................ 200-213
FORMS
• Application for Anticipatory Bail before High Court .........................201
• Application for Anticipatory Bail before Sessions Judge ...................203
Application for Anticipatory Bail under section 438, Cr PC .............201
• Application for Bail before High Court under section 439, Cr PC 205
• Petition for Bail under section 389, Cr PC .........................................207
 CONTENTS 13]

Chapter8 , Bail Petition—continued

• Petition for Bail under section 439, Cr PC before Sessions Judge .... 208
• Bail Petition before a Magistrate during Police Enquiry
under section 437, Cr PC .................................................................... 210
• Bail Petition before a Magistrate in a Pending Case
undersection 437, Cr PC .................................................................... 211
• Bail Petition ......................................................................................... 212
Chapter9 Bonds .............. .............................................................................. 214-236
Bonds............................................................................................214
Instruments amounting to agreements only .............................215
Execution and attestation–registration--signature by scribe 215
FoRMS'
• Simple Money Bond ............................................................................. 216
• Instalment Money Bond ...................................................................... 217
• Money Bond with Surety .................................................................... 217
• Administration Bond under section 291 of
the Indian Succession Act ................................................................... 218
• Administration Bond under section 34 of the Guardians
andWards Act 1890 ............................................................................. 219
• Security Bond on Grant of Succession Certificate ............................. 220
• Security Bond from Receiver .............................................................. 220
• Bond by Manager of Property of Mentally ill Person ....................... 22,
• Security Bond for Stay of Execution of Decree .................................. 222
• Bond to a Firm with Surety for Securing the
Faithful Service of an Employee ......................................................... 223
• Guarantee, Deposit and Charge as Security for
Advances to a Third Person ................................................................ 224
• Bond to Preserve Trade Secret ........................................................... 225
• Indemnity Bond in Case of Loss or Non-production of Title Deeds 225
• Indemnity Bond ................................................................................... 227
• Indemnity Bond with a Surety in Favour of a Bank on the
Death of an Account-holder................................................................. 228
• Indemnity to a Company and its Directors on Issue of a
Duplicate to Replace Lost Share Certificate (0) ................................ 229
• Deed of Guarantee by a Bank on Behalf of a Company for the
Performance of a Contract in Favour of State Government .............. 230
• Guarantee for the Performance of a Contract .................................... 231
• General Form of Security Bond to be Executed by an
Employee with Two Sureties............................................................... 232
• Indemnity Bond by Building Contractor ............................................ 233
• Indemnity Bond against Possible Claim of a Co-sharer
believed to be Dead 234
• Indemnity Bond in favour of Bank or Limited Company .................. 235
• Bottomry Bond 235
Chapter 10 Cancellation qf Documents ..... 237-242

FORMS
• Agreement to Rescind a Contract ............... 237
• Deed of Cancellation ................................... 238
• Deed of Cancellation of a Conveyance ........ 239
• Deed of Revocation of Trust ........................ 241
• Deed of Cancellation .................................. 241
 114] CONTENTS

• Page
Chapter 11 Clubs and Societies 243-295
FORMS
• Memorandum for Businessmen's Club ............................................... 244
• Memorandum of Association of a Club ............................................... 248
• Model Bye-laws of a Club .................................................................... 250
Golf................................................................................................... 251
Catering............................................................................................ 253
Tennis............................................................................................ 253
SwimmingBath ............................................................................... 254
Accommodation................................................................................ 254
Hacking—Bridle Path ...................................................................... 255
Constitution of a Rotary Club .................................................... 255
Societies....................................................................................... 267
FORMS
• Memorandum of Association ............................................................... 268
Rules and Regulations ..................................................................... 271
• Memorandum of Association ............................................................... 276
Rules and Regulations ..................................................................... 278
Thade Union
Trade Union with reference to the law of contract .................... 286
Trade Union with reference to law of crime .............................. 287
FORMS
• Application for Registration of a Trade Union (Form A) ...................289
• Model Constitution of Trade Union .................................................292
Chapter 12 Companies ..... 296-348
FORMS
• Memorandum of Association ............................................................... 297
• Articles of Association ......................................................................... 300
• Agreement of Amalgamation of One Company with Another ........... 304
Conversion of firm into Company .............................................. 306
FORMS
• Memoi and urn and Articles of Association of Industrial
CompanyPvt. Ltd................................................................................ 306
• Contract between a Proprietor of Business and Promoter
ofaCompany.......................................................................................309
• Agreement between a Company and its Employees ..........................312
• Debenture ............................................................................................313
• Debenture Trust ..................................................................................315
• Agreement between Company and a Broker .....................................320
Underwriting of issue of Shares and Debentures ......................321
• Broker's Consent Letter ........................................................................ 23
• Underwriter's Consent ........................................................................$23
• Letter of Acceptance ............................................................................324
• Underwriting Agreement for Shares .................................................. 324
• UnderwritingAgrcement for Debentures ..........................................32
• Petition for Rectification of the Register of Charges and
forother Reliefs .................................................................................. ON
• Application by the Depositor under section 58A(9) of the
CompaniesAct ....................................................................................
 CONTENTS [15]

Chapter 12 Companies—continued Pi/'c

• Petition for Framing of Scheme for Management .............................. .133
• Application for Relief from Certain Liabilities ................................... 11(1
• Petition for Winding-up of a Company ............................................... :143
• Application for Relief from Certain Liabilities ..................................:116
Chapter 13 Construction Agreement ............................................................349-362
FORMS
• Agreement for Construction of Building ............................................350
• Direct Contract to Build a House .......................................................353
• Agreement between Builder and Artisan ................................................
• Agreement to Construct a Multi-storeyed Building .......................... 357

Chapter 14 The Consumer Protection Act 1986 .........................................363-375

DistrictForum ..............................................................................P364
Limitation....................................................................................365
Execution.....................................................................................365
Rules.............................................................................................365
Form of complaint ........................................................................'165
FORMS

• Applications for Deficiency of Service ...............................................366

Defective Washing Machine ............................................................366
Defective Computer .........................................................................368
Malfunctioning Computer ............................................................... 372
Chapter 15 Registration of a Co-operative Society ...................................376-397
FORMS
• Application for the Registration of a Co-operative Society
with Limited/Unlimited Liability (Form 1) ........................................377
• Bye-laws of General (Multipurpose) Co-operative Society ................37a
Co-operative Housing Society under the West Bengal
Apartment Ownership Act 1972 ..............................................382
Co-operative Housing Society .....................................................383
FORMS
• Construction Agreement between Promoter and Co-operative
HousingSociety ...................................................................................384
• Construction Agreement between Builder and
Co-operative Society ............................................................................388
• Form of Application for the Registration of a Co-operative
Society with Limited Liability (Form I) .............................................394
• Deed of Release ....................................................................................395
Chapter 16 Debutter Property ......................................................................398-411
FORMS
• Sale of Debutter Property ................................................................... 401
• Lease of Debutter Property ................................................................403
• Lease of Debutter Property .................................................................406
Chapter 17 Development and Sale of Apartments ..... ..... ....................... 412-48
Statutes affecting apartment ownership ...................................412
Apartment ownership regulations .............................................413
(l6 CONTENTS

Chapter 17 Development and Sale of Apartments—continued Page

Development, Construction and Transfer of Apartments
by Promoters in West Bengal .................................................. 414
Maharashtra............................................................................... 418
Organisation and Registration of Co-operative Societies .......... 419
FORMS
• Form A of the West Bengal Building (Regulation of Promotion of
Construction and Transfer by Promoters) Act 1993 .......................... 421
• Form C of the West Bengal Building (Regulation of Promotion of
Construction and Transfer by Promoters) Act 1993 .......................... 422
• Form D of the West Bengal Building (Regulation of Promotion of
Construction and Transfer by Promoters) Act 1993 .......................... 423
• Form E of the West Bengal Building (Regulation of Promotion of
Construction and Transfer by Promoters) Act 1993 .......................... 425
• Form F of the West Bengal Building (Regulation of Promotion of
Construction and Transfer by Promoters) Act 1993 .......................... 425
• Form G of the West Bengal Building (Regulation of Promotion of
Construction and Transfer by Promoters) Act 1993 .......................... 427
• Power-of-Attorney to Promoter ........................................................... 427
• Power-of-Attorney for Admitting Execution and
Registration of Document .................................................................... 431
• Developers Agreement ........................................................................ 432
• Agreement between Landowner and Promoter ................................. 435
• Developer's Agreement with Tenant ................................................... 439
• Transfer of Apartment by Developer .................................................. 441
• Agreement for Sale of Flat by the Original Purchaser to Another 443
• Agreement for Sale of Flat .................................................................. 446
• Sale to a Co-operative Society ............................................................. 452
• Sale to a Co-operative Society ............................................................. 456
• Deed of Assignment of Ownership Flat .............................................. 459
• Notice of Purchase of Ownership Flat ............................................... 461
• Deed of Sale of Office Space ................................................................ -462
• Deed of Sale ......................................................................................... 473
• Agreement to Sell (Involving Life-interest) ....................................... 484

Chapter 18 Disclaimer ....................... 489-493

FORMS
• Disclaimer of Benarni Property ..........................................................490
• Disclaimer by Trustee Appointed under a Will ..................................492
• Disclaimer by Trustee Appointed under a Deed of Trust ..................493
Chapter 19 Distributorship .............................................................................494-509
FORMS
• Appointment of Ove r seas Distributors with Exclusive Rights 494
• Distributorship Agreement ........................................................ 500
• Agreement of Bottling Beverages ............................................. 502
• Agreement for Distributorship ............................................... 506
• Petrol Station Agreement.......................................................... 508

Chapter 20 Divorce-Nullity of Marriage and Judicial Separation ......... 510-544

Breach of promise to marry ............................................... 511
Husbandand wife .............................................................. 511
Principles of res judicata ................................................... 512
 CONTENTS [17]

Chapter 20 Divorce-Nullity of Marriage

and Judicial Separation —cotj,0d Page
Dissolution of Marriage
When husband or wife can petition for dissolution of marriage 512
Extent of court's power to grant relief ....................................... 513
Contents of petition ..................................................................... 513
Decrees for dissolution will be nisi-confirmation of decrees ....... 513
Nullity of Marriages
Petition for nullity of marriage .................................................. 514
Children of annulled marriage ................................................... 514
Judicial Separation
Application for judicial separation ............................................ 515
Separated wife deemed spinster ............................................... 515
Alimony, Damages and Costs
Alimonypendente lite ................................................................. 515
Claim of damages from adulterer .............................................. 516
Power to order adulterer to pay costs ........................................ 516
Dissolution of Hindu Marriage
Law as to Hindu marriage .......................................................... 516
Conditions for a Hindu marriage .............................................. 516
Judicial separation ...................................................................... 517
Voidmarriages ........................................................................... 517
Voidable marriages ..................................................................... 517
Jurisdiction and procedure ......................................................... 521
PrecentForum ............................................................................ 521
FORMS
• Petition by Husband for a Dissolution of Marriage with
Damages against Co-respondent by Reason of Adultery ................... 522
• Petitior. of Wife for Decree,of Nullity of Marriage ............................. 523
• Petition by Wife for Judicial Separation on the Grounds
of her Husband's Adultery ................................................................... 525
• Petition for Protection Order .............................................................. 526
• Petiti-'n for Alimony Pending the Suit ............................................... 527
• Petition for a Judicial Separation by Reason of Cruelty ................... 528
• Petition for Reversal of Decree of Separation ................................... 530
• Petition of Divorce ............................................................................... 532
• Petition for Judicial Separation .......................................................... 533
• Petition for Decree of Nullity of Marriage .......................................... 535
• Petition for Maintenance and Expenses of Proceedings .................... 536
• Form of Petition for Restitution of Conjugal Rights under
section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955 ......................................... 538
• Petition for Divorce by Mutual Consent ............................................ 540
• Petition of Divorce by Mutual Consent .............................................. 542
Chapter 21 Endowment .................................................... 545-548
FORM
Deed of Endowment for Beds in a Hospital 545

D: Convey-2
t181 CONTENTS

Page

Chapter22 Exchange ....................................................................................549-554

Exchange......................................................................................549
Rights and liabilities of parties ..................................................549
Exchange, how made ...................................................................549
Partperformance .........................................................................550
FORMS
• Deed of Exchange of Properties ..........................................................550
• Deed of Exchange of Properties where Money is paid to Equalize ... 551
• Deed of Exchange of Properties by Separate Mutual Conveyances .... 552
• Deed of Exchange of Properties Adjusting Boundary ........................553
Chapter 23 Foreign Collaboration and Joint Venture ..............................555-577
Prior approvals of collaboration agreement ..............................555
Prior approvals for remittances .................................................556
FORMS
• Foreign Collaboration Agreement.......................................................557
• Collaboration Agreement ....................................................................559
• Collaboration Agreement ....................................................................564
• Joint Venture Agreement—Financial .................................................566
• Joint Venture with Foreign Company ................................................568
• Foreign Collaboration Agreement (Financial) ...................................571
• Technical Foreign Collaboration .........................................................575
Chapter24 Franchising ....................................................................................578-596
FORMS
• Agreement of Franchise—Gold and Jewellery ...................................583
• Franchise Agreement—Washing Machines .......................................588
Chapter25 Gift .................................................................................................597606
Introductory observations ...........................................................597
Dedication to Churches and God ................................................599
Suspension or revocation of gift .................................................600
Gifts under Hindu and Mahomedan laws .................................600
FORMS
• Deed of Gift of Property in Consideration of Natural Love ...............601
• Deed of Gift of Property for Particular Purpose ................................602
• Deed of Gift of Land in Trust to Charity ............................................603
• Memorandum of Gift of Movables ......................................................604
• Gift of Business Goodwill ...................................................................605
Chapter 26 Guarantees and Indemnities .....................................................607-628
Introductory observations ...........................................................607
Guarantees..................................................................................607
Bank guarantee ...........................................................................610
Indemnities..................................................................................611
Agreement in restraint of legal proceedings or
shortening limitation period void ............................................611
FORMS
• Guarantee for Payment of Debt ..........................................................612
 CONTENTS [19]

Chapter 26 Guarantees and Indem nities—continued Page

• Guarantee to Pay for Goods Supplied ................................................613
• Continuing Guarantee to Pay for Goods Supplied .............................613
• Bank Guarantee ..................................................................................615
• Renewal of Bank Guarantee ...............................................................617
• Deed of Guarantee by a Bank on behalf of a Compan y for
the Performance of a Contract ............................................................617
• Counter Guarantee in favour of a Bank .............................................619
• Agreement of Guarantee .....................................................................620
• Government Guarantee ......................................................................623
• Bank Guarantee in favour of Government .........................................626
• Government Guarantee .....................................................................627
Chapter27 Guardianship ................................................................................629-646
Introductory observation ............................................................629
Defacto guardian ........................................................................631
Testamentary guardian ...............................................................632
Guardianship for marriage ......................................................... 632
Mahomedanlaw.. ................................................................632
Residence of the proposed guardian ..........................................632
Guardianship of minors ..............................................................633
FORMS
• Petition for Guardianship of Minor .................................................638
• Petition for Permission to Sell Minor's Property under the
Guardians and Wards Act ...................................................................639
• Application for Permission under the Hindu Minority and
Guardianship Act .................................................................................64 1
• Application for Appointment of Guardian ..........................................643
Chapter28 Hire-Purchase ................................................................................647-666
FORMS
• Hire-Purchase Agreement ...................................................................648
• Hire-Purchase of Printing Machinery ................................................650
• hire-Purchase Agreement for Machinery for the Garden .................653
• Hire-Purchase Agreement for Transport Vehicles ..............................660
Chapter 29 Insolvency ............................................ ......................................... 667-680
Difference between Indian and English Bankruptcy Laws ......
"Insolvent" debtor, when debtor can petition-
contents of petition ...................................................................668
Who can present insolvency petition-Acts of insolvency ..........669
When creditor can petition-secured creditor's option ...............670
When insolvent's property vests in cour V ..................................(571
Discharge, refusal of absolute discharge ...................................67
Effect of order of discharge .........................................................672
Avoidance of voluntary transfer .................................................672
Annulment of adjudication of insolvency ..................................673
Schedule of creditors ...................................................................(373
Penalties......................................................................................673
Disqualification of insolvent ......................................................(374
Court-fee .....................................................................................
[201 CONTENTS

Chapter 29 Insolvency—continued Page

FoRMS
• Petition by Debtor to be Adjudged an Insolvent ................................675
• Petition by Creditor to Adjudge Debtor Insolvent .............................676
• Petition for Discharge .........................................................................677
• Agreement for Composition with Creditors with Surety ...................678

Chapter30 Labour Laws ...................... . .......................... .............................. 681-696

FoRMs
• Application for Permission under section 33 of the
Industrial Disputes Act 1947 ..............................................................681
• Complaint under setion 33A of the Industrial Disputes Act 1947 682
• Form of Application by an Employee under section 20(2) of the
Minimum Wages Act 1948 ............................................•.• .683
• Application by an Inspector or Person Acting with the Permission of
thi Authority under section 20(2) of the Minimum Wages Act 1948 684
• Individual Application .........................................................................685
• Group Application ................................................................................686
• Application by an Inspector qr Person Permitted by the
Authority or Authorised to Act ............................................................687
• Application under Workmen's Compensation Act for
Compensation by Workmen .................................................................688
• Application under Workmen's Compensation Act, for Order
to Deposit Compensation ....................................................................689
• Application for Registration of a Trade Union ...................................690
• Sickness or Temporary Disablement Benefit Claim for Benefit 693
• Accident Case Only .............................................................................694
• Sickness or Temporary Disablement Benefit Claim for Benefit 694
• Claim for Permanent Disablement Benefit ........................................694
• Dependants' Benefit ............................................................................695
• Maternity Benefit ................................................................................696

Chapter31 Leases .......................................................................................... 697-744

Introductory observations ...........................................................697
Lease of a debutter property ......................................................698
Durationof lease .........................................................................699
Requisites of notice .....................................................................699
Creation of a lease .......................................................................699
Rights and liabilities of lessor ....................................................700
Lessee's rights and liabilities .....................................................701
Determination of leases ..............................................................703
Sub-lease ......................................................................................704
Implied surrender .......................................................................704
Saving of agricultural leases ......................................................705
Leases how made .........................................................................705
Surrender of leases ......................................................................705
Holdingover .................................................................................706
Renewal of lease ..........................................................................706
Indian and English laws .............................................................706
Lease and licence .........................................................................708
Use of lease property ...................................................................708
 CONTENTS (211

Chapter 31 Leases— cenrintied Page

Composite lease ...........................................................................708
Doctrine of suspension of rent ...................................................709
Apportionment of rent ................................................................709
Drafting of a lease .......................................................................710
Covenant running with the land ................................................710
Doctrine of Frustration of a Lease
Englishlaw ..................................................................................711
Indianlaw ....................................................................................711
FORMS
• Contract for Leases .........................................................................712
• Deed of Lease of Dwelling-.nouse .......................................................713
• Tenancy Agreement for Letting Furnished House .............................715
• Deed of Sub-Lease ...............................................................................716
• Deed ofLease ......................................................................................718
• Lease of a Calcutta Property ..............................................................722
• Deed of Lease of Land with Forfeiture Clause and
Covenant for Renewal .......................................................................724
• Deed of Surrender of Lease .................................................................726
• Deed Altering Conditions in a Lease ..................................................727
• Tenancy Agreement of a Flat for a Fixed Period ................................728
• Lease of Debutter Property ................................................................729
• Deed Modifying Terms of Lease .........................................................733
• Licence for use of a House Property to a Company
for Office Accommodation ...............................................................734
• Deed of Licence ....................................................................................736
• Agreement for Alternative Accommodation in the case of
Demolition of the Premises ...............................................................737
• Lease of Jute Mill ................................................................................738
Chapter 32 - Lease Financing of Equipment .................................................745-804
FORMS
• Lease Finance Agreement (Equipment) .............................................746
• Leasing of Plants and Machinery .......................................................770
• Tripartite Agreement for Leasing Finance .........................................774
• Lease Agreement (Equipments) ..........................................................776
Chapte 33 Leave & Licence and Easement .............. ................................... 805-816
Licence.........................................................................................805
Revocation....................................................................................805
Licenseor lease ...........................................................................805
License coupled with interest .....................................................806
FonM
• Leave and License Agreement ............................................................806
• Leave and License Agreement for Company's Officers ......................808
Easements....................................................................................810
FORMS
• Agreement of Easement of Right of Way ............................................811
• Easement of Drainage and Sewage ...................................................813
Ea.smont of Support ...........................................................................815
[22] CONTENTS

Page

Chapter 34 Mentally ilt Persons .....................................................................817-824

Lunatic.........................................................................................818
Application by whom to be presented ........................................819
When reception order can be made ............................................819
Order of discharge on relative's undertaking ............................819
Guardian of lunatic and manager of estate ............................... 819
FORMS
• Petition for Order of Reception of Mentally ill Person ...................... 820
• Petition for Appointment of Guardian of a Mentally ill
Person and Manager of his Estate ...................................................... 822
• Application for Admission of Mentally ill Person under
section 19 of the Mental Health Act 1987 .......................................... 823
• Application for discharge of the in-patient......................................... 824
• Application for Reception Order under section 20
of the Mental Health Act 1987 ...........- ................................. 824

Chapter 35 Maintenance ........ 825-842

FORMS
• Maintenance Agreement between Husband and Wife
not being a Separation Agreement ..................................................... 827
• Separation Agreement between Husband and Wife .......................... 828
• Agreement for Maintenance of Wife and Daughter ........................... 829
• Separation Agreement between Husband and Wife .......................... 830
• Petition seeking Order for Maintenance of a Minor ......................... 831
• Maintenance Charge Deed ................................................................. 833
• Petition Claiming Payment of Maintenance ...................................... 834
• Petition by a Guardian of Minor Child for Maintenance against
Father under section 125, Cr PC ........................................................ 836
• Petition by Wife under section 125, Cr PC for Maintenance ............. 838
• Petition by Wife for Enforcing Maintenance Allowance
Ordered by Court under section 128, Cr PC ....................................... 839
• Deed of Separation between Husband and Wife ................................ 840

Chapter 36 Mortgages and Pledges ............ 843-893

Mortgages
Mortgages in India ...................................................................... 843
Meaning of equity of redemption ............................................... 843
Meanings of the expression—equity of redemption .................... 844
Under the Transfer of Property Act—recognition of the
doctrine of equity of redemption ............................................. 844
Equitablemortgage ..................................................................... 846
Mortgage and charge ................................................................... 846
Mortgagor, mortgagee and mortgaged properties ...................... 847
Mortgage how effected? ............................................................... 850
Mortgagor's rights ....................................................................... 850
Implied contracts by mortgagor ................................................. 852
Mortgagee's rights ....................................................................... 852
Furthercharges .......................................................................... 853
 CONTENTS [23]

Chapter 36 Mortgages and Pledges—conti,itsed Page

Reconveyance of mortgaged property ..................................... 853
854
Mortgage of future crops ............................................................
Pledges
Pl edge, pawnor and Pawnee ...................................................... 854
Pledgehow made ......................................................................... 854
Pawnee's right ........................................................................... 854
Defaulting pawnor's right to redeem ........................................ 855
Duties of solicitor or advocate acting for the mortgagee ........... 855
Requirements of a deed of mortgage .......................................... 855
FORMS
• Deed of Simple Mortgage .................................................................... 856
• Deed of Mortgage by Conditional Sale ............................................... 857
• Deed of Usufructuary Mortgage ....................................................... 859
• Deed of Usufructuary Mortgage by Conditional Sale
(Anomalous Mortgage) ....................................................................... 860
• Deed of English Mortgages ............................................................... 861
• Mortgage of Land and Building to be erected thereon to
Secure Present and Future Advances .............................................. 863
• Deed of English Mortgage to Secure Existing Debt
and Future Advances ...................................................................... $65
• Deed of Further Charge on Mortgaged Property ............................... 866
• Deed of the Reconveyance of Mortgaged Property ........................... 867
• Deed of Release of Mortgaged Propert y .......................................... .86,8
• Memorandum of Mortgage by Deposit of Title-deeds ....................... 869
• Deed of Sub-mortgage ...................................................................... '70
• Mortgage-deed in favour of Bank to Secure Indebtedness
onLoan Account ................................................................................. 871
• Memorandum of Pledge of Movables ................................................. 874
• Mortgage-deed with Guarantors ....................................................... .74
• Deed of English Mortgage vhere Part of the Consideration
Mone y of a Sale is Unpaid ................................................................
• Deed of Floating Charge .................................................................
• Pari Passu Charge Agreement (Tripartite Agreement) ...................
• Transfer of Mortgage and Creation of lurther
Charge for Further Loan ....................................................................
Chapter 37 Negotiable Instruments ........................................................... . . 824-907
History of the origin of Negotiable Instruments ------------------------891
Negotiable Instruments
Negotiable instruments: negotiation .....................................
Inland and foreign instrument: "at sight" and
on presentment": "after sight." .............................................. 896
Bills or notes to bearer on demand illegal ............................... 896
Holder: holder in due course: pa y ment in due course ................ 9(3
"Endorsement": "endorser: endorsee" ......................................
Liability of endorser .................................................................. $:97
Maker, drawer and acceptor liable as principals ................. S
"Maturity": da y of maturity on public holida y ........................... 897
"Da y of Grace" ........................................................................... 897
[24] CONTENTS

Chapter 37 Negotiable instruments—continued Page

"Dishonour by non-payment": notice of dishonour..................... 897
"Noting": "protest" ....................................................................... 899
Capacity to make, etc., negotiable instruments ......................... 899
Interest......................................................................................... 900
Negotiable instruments, not duly stamped, or their
adhesive stamps not cancelled ................................................ 900
Promissory Notes
"Promissory note" ........................................................................900
Effect of attested promissory note ...............................................900
Bills of Exchange
Billof exchange ........................................................................... 901
"Cheque": crossed cheque: payment of cheques ......................... 901
Sets of bills: holder of first acquired part: stamps for
partsof bills .............................................................................. 901
"Drawer", "drawee" and "payee": section 7 of the Negotiable
Instruments Act: "drawee in case of need" ................................ 901
"Acceptor" and "acceptance": "acceptance for honour" .............. 902
Liability of drawee of cheque ..................................................... 902
Liabilityof drawer ....................................................................... 902
Dishonour by non-acceptance ..................................................... 902
FORMS
• Promissory Note Payable on Demand ................................................ 903
• Joint Promissory Note Payable on Demand ....................................... 903
• Joint Promissory Note Payable After Date or Sight ......................... 903
• Joint Promissory Note Payable in Instalments ................................. 903
• Inland Bill of Exchange Payable on Demand ..................................... 904
• Inland Bill of Exchange Payable Alter Date or Sight ........................ 904
• Foreign Bill of Exchange in Sets ........................................................ 905
• Foreign Bill of Exchange (French) ...................................................... 905
• Pay Order ............................................................................................ 90
• Demand Draft... 907

Chapter 38 Notice .............................................. 908-938

Kinds of notice ............................... 908
Requisites and service of notice 909
Special provisions ......................... 910
Notice of arbitration .................... 911
FORMS
• Notice by Landlord to Quit ................................................................. 912
• Notice Demanding Possession after Expiry of Lease ......................... 912
• Notice to Determine Tenancy for Breach of Covenants in a Lease ..... 913
• Notice by Tenant to Determine Lease ................................................ 914
Notice by Landlord's Advocate to Quit ............................................... 914
• Notice by Landlord to Repair Dilapidations ...................................... 915
• Notice by Tenant for Renewal of Lease .............................................. 915
• Notice to Tenant to Attorn .................................................................. 916
• Notice to Debtor ................................................................................... 916
• Notice by Lawyer to Debtor ................................................................ 916
• Notice of Dishonour (or Protest) of Bill of Exchange to Drawer ....... 917
• Notice of Dishonour (or Prctest) of Bill of Exchange to Endorser .... 917
• Notice of Dishonour of Che. ue .......................................................... 917
 1919RIA: MUM (25J

Chapter 38 Notice—continued Page

Notice by Partner to Determine Partnership..................................... 918
• Notice of Expulsion of Partner ............................................................ 918
• Notice by Vendor to a Pre-emptor ....................................................... 919
• Notice by a Vendor to Complete a Purchase ...................................... 920
• Notice by Purchaser to Complete a Sale ............................................ 920
• Notice of Re-sale of Goods on Buyer's Default ................................... 921
• Notice to Determine Guarantee for Faithful Service ......................... 921
• Notice to Determine Continuing Guarantee ........................ .............. 922
• Notice to Transfer of Mortgage ........................................................... 922
• Notice Claiming Mortgage Money ...................................................... 923
• Notice for Production of Documents ................................................... 923
- Notice of Sale of Pledged Articles ....................................................... 923
• Notice of Assignment by Assignor ....................................................... 924
• Notice of Assignment by Assignee ...................................................... 924
• Notice of Assignment of Policy of Life Insurance ............................... 925
• Notice of Assignment of Lease ............................................................ 925
- • Notice for Removal of Nuisance and Obstruction .............................. 926'
• Notice of Suit against Municipality ................................................... 926
• Notice of Termination of Agent's Authority ........................................ 927
• Notice of Wife's Leaving Husband's Protection .................................. 927
• Notice to Creditors to Deceased's Estate ............................................ 928
• Notice by Attorney to Creditors and Debtors to Deceased's Estate 928
• Notice of Dissolution of Partnership .................................................. 928
• Notice of Suit to a Common Carrier for Damages for Loss of Goods 929
• Notice to the General Manager of a Railway Administration
Claiming Compensation for Short Delivery, Non-delivery
or Delivery in Damaged Condition ...................................................... 930
• Notice to the General Manager, Railway Claiming Compensation
for Non-delivery, Short Delivery/Deterioration, etc.......................... 931
• Notice to General Manager of a Railway Claiming
Refund of Overcharge .......................................................................... 932
• Notice to a Railway Claiming Damages for Liabilities in Tort
of a Railway Administration (case of Physical Injury) ....................... 933
• A Combined Notice under section 106 of the Indian Railways
Act 1989 and under section 80 of the Code of Civil Procedure 1908. 934
• Notice of Suit of General Manager of different Railways under
section 80, CPC, Claiming Compensation for Short Delivery ........... 935
• Notice of Election by the Minor Concerning Partnership ................. 938
• Notice by Purchaser's Solicitor Previous to Purchase of Property 938
• Notice of Sale of Business ................................................................... 938
Chapter 39 Partnership .................................................................................. 939957
Introductory observations ...........................................................939
Partnership—partner—firm and firm name ................................940
Multiple partnership ................................................................... 941
Partnership at will ...................................................................... 941
Rights, duties and liabilities of partners ................................... 941
Partner is an agent—what a partner is not empowered to do 942
Limitations of implid authority ................................................ 942
Consequence of notice given to the partner ............................... 942
Consequences of partner being adjudicated an insolvent ........ . 942
Non-liability of deceased partner's estate ................................. 943
Minors admitted to benefits of partnership .............................. 943
Dissolution of partnership .......................................................... 944
(261 CONTENTS

Chapter 39 Partnership —continued Page

Law of insolvency and partnership ............................................945
Common partners ........................................................................945
Nomination of successor .............................................................945
Registration of firms ...................................................................946
Execution and attestation–registration'. .................................... 946
FORMS
• Partnership amoog Solicitors or Advocates ....................................... 946
• Deed of Admission of Partner ............................................................. 948
• Deed of Partnership between Two Partners ...................................... 949
• Deed of Partnership between more than Two Partners .................... 953
• Deed of Dissolution of Partnership .................................................... 956
Chapter 40 Partition ..................................................................................... 958-978
Introductory observations ...........................................................958
Jointtenancy ...............................................................................958
Tenancy-in-common ....................................................................959
Partition–whether a transfer or not? .........................................959
Partition when operates as a transfer .......................................960
Adverse possession by one co-owner ..........................................960
Agreement not binding on heirs .................................................960
Partition of a dwelling-house ......................................................961
Partialpartition ..........................................................................962
Partition and right of pre-emption .............................................962
Essentials of deeds of partition ..................................................963
Notionalpartition ........................................................................963
FORMS
• Demand for Partition ......................................................................... 965
• Agreement for Partition ...................................................................... 965
• Partition Deed ..................................................................................... 966
• Deed of Partition by Trustees ............................................................. 969
• Memorandum of Oral Partition .......................................................... 970
• Deed of Partition of Mitakshara Coparcenary Estate where
some Properties are Retained as HUF Estate ................................ 972
• Partition of a Debutter Estate ............................................................ 976

Chapter 41 Patents and Trade Marks ...................... 979-1009

FORMS
• Agreement to Assign a Patent .. ......................................................... 980
• Agreement of Assignment of Patents ................................................. 982
• Licence to use a Patent ....................................................................... 984
• Assignment of Design .......................................................................... 985
• Licence to use Trade Mark .................................................................. 987
• Agreement of Registered User of Trade Mark ................................... 989
• Affidavit of Constituted Attorney of Registered Proprietor.............. 991
• Application for Registration of User of Trade Mark .......................... 993
• Assignment of Trade Mark ................................................................. 994
• Notice regarding Infringement and/or Passing off the Trade Mark 995
C
• Trade Mark–Passing off Suit .............................................................. 997
• Application for Rectification of Trade Mark Registry ........................ 1001
• Complaint for Infringement of Trade Mark ....................................... 1006
 CONTENTS (27J

Page
Chapter 42 Power-of-Attorney ........................ 1010-1031
Power-of-Attorney ........................ 1010
Revocation of Power-of-Attorney.. 1011
FORMS
• Proxy .................................................................................................... 1016
• Power-of-Attorney to Present Document for Registration ................. 1016
• Power-of-Attorney to Sell a particular Property ................................ 1017
• Power-of-Attorney to Recover Debts ................................................... 1018
• Power-of-Attorney by a Firm .............................................................. 1019
• Power-of-Attorney by Trustee ............................................................. 1022
• Power-of-Attorney to obtain Letters of Administration on
behalf of Person Resident Abroad ....................................................... 1023
• Power-of-Attorney to Agent for any particular Court Case ............... 1023
• Power-of-Attorney to Advocate for Court Case .................................. 1024
• General Power-of-Attorney to a Manager of Estate ........................... 1025
• General Power-of-Attorney from Person going to Reside Abroad ..... 1027
• Irrevocable Power-of-Attorney ............................................................ 1030
• Deed of Revocation of Power-of-Attorney ........................................... 1030
Chapter 43 Promoters Loan Agreement .................................................1032-1044
FORMS
• Agreement for Loan by Promoters ......................................................1032
• Letter of Guarantee for the Promoter's Loan .....................................1036
• Irrevocable Power-of-Attorney ............................................................1039
• Agreement regarding Construction Loan with a Bank .....................1041
Chapter 44 Public Interest Litigation ..................................................... ...1045-1052
FORM
Specimen of a Writ Petition for Public Interest Litigation ..... 1046
Chapter 45 Claims against Railways ....................................................... 1053-1062
Presentposition ................................................................. 1053
Notice................................................................................. 1053
CompetentTribunal .......................................................... 1054
Modeof service .................................................................. 1054
Rules.................................................................................. 1054
Tribunal.............................................................................. 1054
Rules.................................................................................. 1054
Limitation.......................................................................... 1055
Procedure........................................................................... 1055
FORMS
• Combined Notice under section 106 of the Railways Act 1989 and
section 80 of theCode of Civil Procedure 1908 ................................... 1055
• Form I, Rule 5 of the Railway Claims Tribunal (Procedure) Rules
1989 and section 16 of the Railway Claims Tribunal Act 1987 ......... 1056
• Form II of the Railway Claims Tribunal Act 1987 ............................. 1058
• Form III of the Railway Claims Tribunal Act 1987 ........................... 1060
Chapter 46 Receipt and Acknowledgement ...........................................1063-1071
Receipt ..........................................................................................1063
Obligation to give receipt ............................................................ 1063
(281 CONTENTS

Chapter 46 Receipt and Acknowledgement —con tin ued - Page

Instruments not duly stamped inadmissible in evidence .......... 1064
Cancellation of adhesive stamps ............................................... 1064
Penalties..................................................................................... 1064
Instruments by or in favour of Government ............................. 1065
Registration................................................................................. 1065
Exemptions.................................................................................. 1065
Acknowledgements ...................................................................... 1066
FORMS
• Receipt in Full Discharge of Claims .................................................. 1066
• Receipt of Account Due ..................................................................... 1066
• Receipt for Bond Debt ........................................................................ 1066
• Receipt for Endorsement on Bond ...................................................... 1067
• Receipt for Loan................................................................................... 1067
• Receipt for Price of Watch with Warranty ........................................... 1067
• Receipt for Sale of a Business .............................................................. 1067
Pent. Receipt ..................................................................................... 1067
• Rent Receipt in Bill Form .................................................................. 1068
• Receipt at the End of Agreement ....................................................... 1068
• Receipt for Mortgage Money (For Endorsement on Deed) ............... 1068
• Receipt of Title Deeds by Mortgagor ................................................ 1068
• Receipt of Title Deed on Mortgage by Deposit of Title Deeds .......... 1069
• Receipt by Creditor füz Composition of Debt .................................... 1069
• Receipt for Earnest Money ............................................................... 1069
• Receipt by Retiring Partner ............................................................. 1069
• Receipt by Residuary Legatees .................................................... 1070
• Acknowledgement to Save Limitation .......................................... 1070
• Acknowledgement of Part Payment ............................................. 1070
• Acknowledgement of Liability .......................................................... 1070
- Declaration of Change of Surname ................................................. 1071
I
Z,iapter 47 Rectification and Modification of Deeds ..... 1072-1074

FORMs
• Deed of Rectificaticn of Mistakes in a Previous Dec 1072
• Deed of Rectification of hire Purchase Agreement. 1073
1075-1088
Chapter 48 Release ..................................................................................
Introductory obser'atians ................................................ 1075
Essentials of Release ......................................................... 1076
FoRMs
• Mutual Release by Two Persons ....................................................... 1076
• Release by Creditors under Composition Scheme ............................ 1077
• Release by a Minor in favour of the Certified Guard" 'o
attainingMajority .............................................................................. 1078
• Disclaimer by a Member of a Joint Family in respect of the
Separate Property of a Member ......................................................... 1050
• Release of Property from Charge for Maintenance under a V, il I ...... 1050
• Disclaimer by a Benamdar ................................................................. 1081
• Mutual Release between a Separated Member of the
• Mitakshara Family and the Old Rranch ........................................ 1083
• Release of Right of Way ....................................................................... 1085
• Release bya Legatee ia favour ofan Executor ..............................
• Deed of Release of Mortgage ....................................................... 10"'7
 CONTENTS (291

Page
Chapter 49 Sales .................................. ........................................................ 1089-1163
Introductory observations ...........................................................1089
Sale-sale how made-contract for sale .......................................1089
Passing of title and ownership ...................................................1090
Rights and liabilities of the seller under e. 55 of the
Transfer of Property Act 1882 .................................................1093
Rights and liabilities of the buyer ..............................................1094
Contract for sale-effect of ............... ............................................ 1095
Extensionof time .........................................................................1096
Right of reconveyance .................................................................1097
Incidents of conveyancing ...........................................................1097
Duties and liabilities of a solicitor in matters
relating to conveyancing ..........................................................1101
Fraudulent preferences of a creditor .........................................1102
Fraudulent preference and insolvency law ...............................1103
Partition.......................................................................................iio
Persons entitled to maintenance -................................................ 1104
Transfer when third person is entitled to maintenance ............1104
Maintenance whether a charge ..................................................1104
Maintenance suit and s. 39, Transfer of Property Act 1882 ......1105
FutureOwnership .......................................................................1105
Perpetuity
Englishlaw ..................................................................................1106
Indianlaw ....................................................................................1106
Mahomedanlaw ..........................................................................1106
Hindulaw ....................................................................................1107
Distinction between the English and the Indian Rules
against Perpetuity ....................................................................1107
Pre-emption
History of origin ...........................................................................1108
Pre-emption .................................................................................1108
FORMS
• Agreement for Sale (English Form) ....................................................1109
• Agreement for Sale (Indian Form) ------------------------------------------------------1113
• Agreement for the Sale of Assets of a Running Business to
a Limited Company -----------------------------------------------------------------------------1115
• Model Form of Requisition on Title & Answers ---------------------------------1117
• Special Requisitions in Case of Sale of Agricultural Land ................1120
• Form of Conveyance-English Precedent --------------------------------------------1121
• Deed of Sale of House Property ----------------------------------------------------------1124
• Deed of Assent from Executor -------------------------------------------------------------1126
• Deed of Transfer from the Executor to the Beneficiary under a Will 1127
• Assignment ofa Lease in the Absence of any
Restriction on Assignment ------------------------------------------------------------------1128
• Deed of Sale by a Certificated Guardian of a Hindu Minor ..............1130
• Sale Deed of Agricultural Land ----------------------------------------------------------1131
• Deed of Sale of Mortgaged Property, Mortgagee Joining-------------------1133
• Deed of Sale by Co-owners of Undivided Property ----------------------------1134
• Deed of Sale of Joint Family Property for Legal Necessity ---------------1136
• Conve y ance on Sale of Property by the Executor ------------------------------1138
 [301 CONTENTS

Chapter 49 Sales—continued Page

Powerof Executor ....................................................................... 1139
• Agreement for Sale of Stock-in-Trade, Furniture and Effects .......... 1140
• Sale of Ownership Flats ..................................................................... 1141
• Deed of Sale of a Business and Assignment of Goodwill ................... 1144
• Assignment of Decree .......................................................................... 1146
• Deed of Assignment of Mortgage, Mortgagor Joining ........................ 1147
• Grant of Right of Way .......................................................................... 1149
• Conveyance of Land Accidentally omitted in Sale Deed .................... 1150
• Sale by the Liquidator of a Company in Voluntary Liquidation ....... 1151
• Sale on behalf of a Mentally ill Person ............................................... 1152
• Sale by a Hindu Widow as Limited Owner for Legal Necessity ....... 1154
Sale of Equity of Redemption of Simple Mortgage ............................ 1158
• Sale by an Administrator under an Order of Court ........................... 1157
• Sale of a Property by the Heirs of a Mohamedan .............................. 1158
• Deed of Boundary Demarcation .......................................................... 1161
Chapter 50 Sole Selling Agency ................................................................1164-1173
FORMS
• Sole Selling Agency Agreement .......................................................... 1165
• Appointment of Selling Agent for a District or Town ......................... 1168
• Appointment of Sole Selling Agent .....................................................1171
Chapter 51 Special Leave Petition to Appeal .........................................1174-1187
FORMS
• Model Form of Special Leave Petition ................................................ 1171
• Model Form of Special Leave Petition ................................................ 1176
• Special Leave Petition seeking Stay Order from
Operation of Impugned Judgment ......................................................1180
Chapter 52 Surrender ..................................................................................1188-1193
FORMS
• Deed of Surrender of Tenancy .............................................................1188
• Surrender of Lease ..............................................................................1190
• Surrender of Tenanted Flat ................................................................1192
Chapter 53 Testamentary Matters .............................................................1194-1231
Tnt.rnrliiethrv observations ...........................................................1191
Probates of Will and Letters of Administration with
WillAnnexed ............................................................................. 1196
Letters of Administration without Will Annexed ....................... 1204
SuccessionAct .............................................................................. 1208
Effect of Certificate under s. 381 of the Indian Succession Act 1210
Revocation of Grants .................................................................. 1211
- FORMS
• Caveat against Grant of Probate or Administration .......................... 1212
• Petition for Probate or Letters of Administration
with the Will Annexed ........................................................................ 1213
• Petition for Probate to have effect throughout India ......................... 12.5
• Petition for Letters of Administration of Property and
Credits as no Will was Made ............................................................... 1217
• Form of Valuation (to be used with such Modifications, if an
as maybe Necessary .......................................................................... 1210
 CONTENTS (31]

Chapter 53 Testamentary Matters-continued

f^ige
• Petition for the Grant of Succession Certificate by Widow ............... 1221
• Petition for Grant of Succession Certificate ....................................... 1224
• Petition for Extension of Succession Certificate ................................ 1226
• Petition for Revocation of Grant of Probate, Letters of
Administration, Certificate ................................................................. 1227
• Compromise in Probate Proceedings .................................................. 1229
• Disclaimer by a Trustee of a Will ....................................................... 1230
• Disclaimer by Devisee of a Gift by Will .............................................. 1231
• Deed of Disclaimer by a Person who is Entitled to an Interest
inthe Settled Property ........................................................................ 1231
Chapter54 Trust ............................ .. ............................................................ 1232-1283
History of trust ownership ..........................................................1232
Legal and equitable trusts ..........................................................1232
Trusts among the Hindus ........................................................... 1233
Endowment and trust ................................................................. 1234
Discretionary trust ......................................................................1235
Endowment for other ..................................................................1235
Publictrust ..................................................................................1236
Doctrineof cy pres .......................................................................1237
Trust and settlement ...................................................................1237
Creation of Wakf..........................................................................1238
Execution and attestation—registration .....................................1239
Natureof trust .............................................................................1239
"Trust property", "beneficial interest" and "instrument of
trust"—"breach of trust"............................................................ 1239
Lawful purpose of trust .............................................................. 1239
Trust of immovable and movable property ............................... 1240
Creation of trust .......................................................................... 1240
Reimbursement of expenses ....................................................... 1240
Prohibition to buy beneficiary's interest .................................... 1241
When trustee can renounce ........................................................ 1241
Discharge of trustee ................................................................... 1241
Trust how revoked ....................................................................... 1241
Extinction of trust ....................................................................... 1242
FORMS
• Deed of Settlement by Father in favour of Children ......................... 1242
• Settlement of Property for the Benefit of Minor Children ................ 1243
• Trust Deed (Provident Fund) .............................................................. 1244
• Trust Deed Constituting Guarantee Fund (As Security)... ................ 1247
• Trust Deed Constituting Superannuation Fund ................................ 1250
• Trust Deed Constituting Pension Fund .............................................. 1254
• Deed ofAnte-uptial Settlement ........................................................ 1256
• Deed of Settlement of Family Disputes .............................................. 1257
• Private Trust for Management and Preservation of Property ......... 1259
• Deed of Settlement for Establishing a Girl' School .......................... 1261
• Endowment for Building a Ward in a Hospital and
Maintenance of Beds therein ............................................................. 1263
• Trust Deed Establishing a Scholarship ............................................. 1265
• Deed of Trust for the Purpose of Paying Debts .................................. 1267
(32] CONTENTS

Chapter 54 Trust—continued Page

• Deed for Public Charitable Trust ........................................................1269
• Deed of Trust when no Trustees are Appointed but Money
is given Straight to the University Direct ..........................................1278
• Appointment of New Trustee by continuing Trustees in
Pursuance of a Power in a Deed of Charitable Trust .........................1279
• Appointment of a New Trustee on the Deth of a Trustee,
the Appointment being made by the Surviving
Trustee in Exercise of Power of Appointment ....................................1281
• Deed of Trust .......................................................................................1282
Chapter 55 Wakf Property ..........................................................................1284-1302
Power of mutawalli to sell or mortgage .....................................1284
FORMS
• Deed of\Vakf ................................................................... ..................... 1285
• Deed of Wakf(Mahomedan)—Movables and Immovables ................1287
• Appointment of Mutawalli ..................................................................1289
Transfer of Wakf Property
Boardof\\akfs ............................................................................. 1290
Wakf Commissioner .................................................................... 1290
Registration .................................................................................1290
Transfer of wakf property ........................................................... 1290
Sale ...............................................................................................1290
Suits .............................................................................................1291
Lease ............................................................................................1291
Notification bringing into force the provisions of the
Act of 1954 in different States ................................................. 1291
The Bengal \Vakf Act 1934 ..........................................................1291
Transfer of wakf property .......................................................... 1291
Agreement to transfer and conveyance ..................................... 191
Prior sanction of Wakf Board is required for transfer
ofwakfpropertv .......................................................................1293
Foams
• Agreement to Lease \Vakf Property ....................................................1293
• Deed of Lease of Wakf Property ..........................................................1295
• \Vakf-alal . Aulad ...................................................................................1297
• Deed of Wakf for Ultimate R'ligious and Charitable Purposes ........1299
• Deed of Wakf for Public Purposes .......................................................1301
Chapter56 Will ............................................................................................13031338
Some recent legislations in India ............................................... 1303
Conso1datingAct ........................................................................1303
Muslim law .................................................................................1304
Characteristics of a will .............................................................. 1304
Requisites of a valid will ............................................................. 1304
Distinction–Executor and Trustee ............................................. 1305
Will void .......................................................................................1307
Limited l)o\VCr of dspoition ...................................................... 1307
Revocation of olk-ov'er ofappointnient ................................1308
 CONTENTS [331

Chapter 56 Will—continued Page

Execution and attestation
Execution.................................................................................. 1308
Registration of the will ............................................................. 1309
Obliteration, interlineation or alteration ................................. 1310
Benefit to attesting witness ....................................................... 1310
Vesting of legacy .......................................................................... 1310
Residuarylegatee ........................................................................ 1310
When legacy lapses-when legacy does not lapse ....................... 1311
Privilegedwill .............................................................................. 1312
Codicils......................................................................................... 1312
Void Bequests
Bequest to religious or charitable uses ...................................... 1313
Effect of direction for accumulation ........................................... 1313
Rule against perpetuity .............................................................. 1314
Bequest to unborn persons ......................................................... 1315
Bequest in favour of an idol not in existence ............................ 1315
Instructions for drawing a will ................................................... 1315
Probate......................................................................................... 1316
Bequests and Devises to the Solicitor by his Client ................. 1316
FORMS
• Will Bequeathing all Properties to One Person ................................. 1319
• Will with Legacies, Residue to One Person ........................................ 1319
• Will with Legacies for Children .......................................................... 1320
• Will with Legacies and Trust for Children and
Continuation of Business ................................................................... 1322
• Codicil Substituting new Executor for Deceased One ....................... 1323
• Codicil with new Bequests on Death of a Legatee ............................ 1324
- • Bequest Absolute of Land in Trust for Religious uses with a
Direction to Found a Temple and carry out Maintenance of
the Deity and other expenses from the Money raised from
Sue of Property Existing at the Testator's Death ............................. 1325
• Codicil with Bequest and Authority to Widow to Adopt .................... 1327
• Codicil Revising Will and Providing for Wife and Future Children.. 1328
• W i ll with Provision for Appointment of Trustee for a School ............ 1328
• Petition for Revocation of Probate ...................................................... 1331
• Application for Revocation of Succession Certificate ......................... 1332
• Objection to Petition for Grant of Probate ......................................... 1333
• Petition of Consent to Grant of Succession Certificate ...................... 1335
• Succession Certificate .......................................................................... 1337
Chapter 57 Registration of Documents ................................................. 1339-1344
Cirnpusorily registrable ............................................................1339
Exception....................................................................................1339
Documents of which registration is optional .............................1340
Requirements fhr registration b y registration officer ................1340
Time-limit for registration ..........................................................1341
Registration Officer .....................................................................1341
Exuutants or their authorised persons to present the
documents {r registr:tion ......................................................1341
An executant not apnrng betore the Registering Officer ......1342

Dr Convey-3
[34) CONTENTS

Chapter 57 Registration of Documents—continued Page

Effect of registration ...................................................................1342
Effect of non-registration ............................................................1342
Endorsement on the document by Registering Officer ..............1343
Fees for registration ....................................................................1343
Registration and Tax Clearance Certificate ..............................1343
Notice to be given ........................................................................1344
Permission Required ...................................................................1344
Chapter 58 Computer Contracts .............................................................1345-1405
(a) Hardware contracts ..............................................................1345
(b) Software contracts ................................................................1345
(c) Net related contracts ............................................................1346
Issues involved in a hardware contract .....................................1346
Marketing agreements ................................................................1347
Maintenance agreements ............................................................1348
Contracts relating to employment .............................................1349
Non-disclosure agreements ........................................................1349
Agreement with contractors .......................................................1350
Agreements with consultants ..................................................... 1350
Software contracts .......................................................................1350
Shrink-wrap licences ..................................................................1351
Click-wrap and browse-wrap licences ........................................1353
What are click-wrap and browse-wrap? ....................................1353
What are the main differences between click-wrap
and browse-wrap? .....................................................................1354
Legal issues regarding click-wrap and browse-wrap .................1355
(a) Notice of click-wrap and browse-wrap ................................1355
(b) Consent to click-wrap and browse-wrap .............................1357
(c) Fairness of click-wrap and browse-wrap ............................1359
Developments and strategies regarding click-wrap
and browse-wrap ......................................................................1361
Emerging judicial opinions on enforceability of -
click-wrap and browse-wrap ....................................................1361
Strategies for ensuring the enforceability of click-wrap
and browse-wrap ......................................................................1362
Issues in customised software agreements ...............................1363
Ownership issues ........................................................................1363
Duration of the licence ................................................................1363
The importance of source code ....................................................1363
Payment, acceptance and maintenance .....................................1365
Warranties...................................................................................1365
Confidentiality and trade secrets ...............................................1365
The main features of a source code escrow agreement ..............1366
Website development agreements ..............................................1368
Conclusion....................................................................................1370
FORMS
• Hardware Sale and Installation Agreement ...................................... 1370
• Hardware Maintenance Agreement ................................................... 1382
• Software Licence Agreement ........................ .... ........ ................
.......... 1393
General Index ........................................................................................... 1407-1418
Chapterwise Index ................................................................................... 1419-1448
 Table of Cases

A.B. Singh v G. Jaipuria AIR 1954 Sc 417; 1955 SCA 132 .................................1108
AAA Film u Union of India AIR 1999 Del 178 .........................................................57
Abdul Ghafoor u Md. Paharia AIR 1957 Pat 136 ................................................1306
Abdul Jabbar u Venkata Sastri (1969)1 scc 573; (1969)2 SW 784;
(1969)2 SCA 129; (1969)3 SCR 513 ......................................................................30
Abdul Kasjm v State AIR 1960 MP 54 ...................................................................201
.Abdul Fata Mahomed v Russomoy (1894)22 Cal 619; 22 LA 76 (PC) ............20, 1107
Abdul Rauf p Janab All 82 CWN 5 ...........................................................................14
Abdus Satar, in re 7 Born LR 558 .........................................................................1304
Achyutarianda v Biki ILR 1 Pat 578 ....................................................................1108
Adeline Maud Elenor p Sunderlal 85 CU 256; AIR 1950 Cal 559 .....................1140
Adharji Mancharji, in re 55 Born 795; 133 IC 845 ..................................................17
Advocate General of Bengal v Rani Surnamooye Dassi
(1863)9 Moor Ind App 424 .......................................1
Ajit Kumar p Tarubala ILR 63 Cal 209 ...............................................................1239
Akshoy Kumarv Akman Molla(1915)19 CWN 1197; 27 IC 307 ..........................704
Akshoy Kumar v Nandalal (1946)1 Cal 432 ........................................................1211
Akshoy p Gliosh AIR 1949 Cal 462 .......................................................................1195
Alagammal v Rakkammal AIR 1982 Mad 354 ....................................................1200
Ali v Janabali 62 CLJ 534 .........................................................................................54
All India Bank Employees' Association v The National Industrial
Tribunal AIR 1962 SC 171 ..................................................................................286
Allen v Jackson (1875)1 Ch D 399 .......................................................................1239
Allen v Tayor (1880)16 Ch D 355 .............................................................................28
Aiwar Chetti p Chidanbara 38 Mad 1134 ............................................................1197
Amanti Bibi v Lachman 14 Cal 308 .............................................................183. 1072
Arnar Nath Dogra v Union of India AIR 1963 SC 424 ..........................................910
Ambica Charan p Sasitara (1915)22 CLJ 613; 80 IC 868 .......................................21
Arnina Bibi v SaiydYusuf (1922)44 All 748; 79 IC 955 .........................................818
AmirA.J. Vaidus p Balusami (1921)48 IA 362 ....................................................1287
Amir Bibi v Arokiam 45 IC 813; 34 MU 184 ........................................................120
Amulya Charan v Corporation of Calcutta AIR 1950 Cal 256 .............................909
Arnulya Gopal Majumdar u United Industrial Bank AIR 1981 Cal 404 .............849
Anandanioyee u Baikuntha 8 WR 198 ...................................................................964
Ananta u Rathnasabapathy (1968)2 MU 574 ....................................................1015

[35]
[361 TABLE
- OFCASES
-

Angurhala u Debdutta AIR 1947 Cal 278 .............................. 1307

Annapurna, in the goods of( 1949)2 Cal 287 .......................... 1204
Anurag eState AIR 1987 f lat 274 (FB) .................................. 201
Appu u Kartimba 21 MU 588 ................................................ 400
Ariffv Jadunath (1931)58 IA 91; 58 Cal 1235 ...................... 54, 698, 699, 706
Arunmoyi u Mohendra 20 Cal 888 ......................................... 1195
Asanand v Rozni 2 Lab U 178 .............................................. 1308
Asgar u Mahomed Mehdi Hossein (1903)30 Cal 566 ............ 22
Asghar Ali u Anima Begurn 36 All 280; 12 AU 392 .............. 632
Ashbury Ry. Co. u Riche LR 7 HL 651 ................................... 57
Asram v Ramkali AIR 1958 SC 183 ...................................... 705
Associated Hotels v R.K. Kapoor AIR 1956 SC 1262 ............ 708,806
Atam Prakash u State of Haryana AIR 1986 SC 859 ........... 1109
Auqel v Joy (1911)1 KB 666 .................................................... 700
Ayyappan v Dharrnodayan AIR 1966 SC 1017 ...................... 806
Bachubhai u Shamji (1885)9 Born 536 ...................................................................946
Baggiammal u Rajagopala AIR 1948 Mad 81 ......................................................1204
Bai Gangabai u Bhugwandos 29 Born 530 ..........................................................1310
Bairang Bahadur Singh o Bakbtrey AIR 1953 SC 7 ...........................................1308
Balusu v Bopana (1916)31 Mad Li 380 .................................................................550
Banaras Hindu University v Gouri Dutt 1949 AlA 523 .....................................1316
Bandhna u Union of India AIR 1992 SC 38 .........................................................1046
Bangalore Medical Trust v B.S. Muddappa AIR 1991 SC 1902 .........................1045
Bank of Baroda Ltd. v Punjab National Bank Ltd. 1944 AC 176 (PC) ................898
Bank of Bengal e Ramanatban Chetty AIR 1915 PC 121 ..................................1015
Barisal Rindan v Situ! Chander :34 CWN 911 .......................................................900
Barton v Bank of South Wales (1890)15 App Cas 379 ..........................................851
Beall, exparte 24 Ch D 408 ..................................................................................1013
Bebi Maniran u Mohd. Ishaque AIR 1963 AP 229 ................................................601
Bengal Coal Co. u Sitaram AIR 1935 Cal 667; 61 CU 560 ........................908, 1098.
Beni Bai v Raghubir AIR 1999 SC 1147 ................................................................598
Bhabatarini v Behari 10 IC 399 .............................................................................400
Bhagwat v Debi Dayal 35 Cal 420 (PC) ...................................................................18
Bhagwati Prasad u Rameshwari Kuir 1951 SCR 603; AIR 1952 SC 72 ..............962
Bhagyashree Combines v Dist. Magistrate AIR 1998 Kant 328 ..................705,709
Bhairab v Jiban (1921)33 CIA 184; 60 IC 819 ......................................................550
Bhirnji v Bombay Trust Corporation (1930)54 Born 381 .......................................523
Bhimnath u Tara 33 CWN 837 (PC); AIR 1929 PC 162 ......................................1311
Bhoop v Matadin AIR 1991 SC 373 ......................................................................1108
Bhupati Nath Smrititjrtha's case 37 Cal 128 (SB) ....................................1235, 1315
Bhupatinath v Rarnlal 10 CU 355; ILR 37 Cal 128 .............................................598
Bhupatrai v Chmi1a1 70 CWN 62 ..........................................................................704
Bhusan Mohini v Kumud Bala Dashi AIR 1924 Cal 467 ....................................1234
Bibhuti Bhusan v Nageridra Narayan AIR 1951 Cal 228 ...................................1194
Bilawati v B. Phukan 1988 Cr Li NOC 30 (Gau) .................................................826
Bilson v Crofts LR 15 Eq 314 ...............................................................................1307
Blair v Auncan 1902 AC 37 ...................................................................................1313
Board of Muslim Wakfs u Sm. Hadi Begurn AIR 1992 SC 1083 .........................1239
Boxall v Boxal 27 Ch D 220 ..................................................................................1212
 TABLE OF CASES (37]

Bredge u Cornpell Discount Co. Ltd. 1962)1 All ER 385 ......................................648

.Briggs v Lawrence (1789)2 Term Rep 456 .............................................................940
Briggs u Lawrence 3 TR 454 ...................................................................................940
British & Foreign Marine Insurance v Indo-General Steam
NavigationILR 38 Cal 50 ...................................................................................910
Brojo Lal Shaha Banikya v Budhilal & Co. 55 Cal 551 ........................................895
Bryant u Wilson (1868)1 QB 716 ............................................................................704
Byram Pestonji v Union Bank AIR 1991 SC 2234; 1991 AIR SCW 2567;
JT1991(4) SC 15 .....................................................................................................2
C. A.siamina v State Bank of Mysore AIR 1990 Ker 157 .......................................849
C.M. Mani v Esther 1981 Cr LJ NOC 76 (Ker) .....................................................825
Cally Churn u Bhuggabutty (1873)10 BLR 231 (FB) ............................................629
Caspi u Microsoft Network, L.L.C. 732 A 2d 528 (NJ App Div 1999) ................1360
Cavev Cave 15 Ch D 630 ......................................................................................1014
CED v Aloke AIR 1981 SC 102 .............................................................................1234
Chajjuram v State 1977 Punj LIZ 619 ....................................................................201
Chand Rani u Kainal Rani AIR 1993 SC 1742 ....................................................1096
Chander Kishore u Danpat Kishore 16 All 369 ...................................................1076
Chandi Charan Das u Dulal 54 Cal 30 ..................................................................400
Chettiyar v Kulsurn Bibi AIR 1936 Rang 103 .....................................................1200
Chety Firm t Chety Firm 34 IC 125 ....................................................................1090
Chimanram Motilal v Jayantilal Chhaganlal (1939)41 Born LIZ 899;
AIR1939 Born 410 (DB) ......................................................................................939
Clack u \VOOd 9 QBD 276 ......................................................................................noo
Clifford u Tiinms (1908) AC 12 ...............................................................................944
Coggs u Bernard (1704)1 Sin LC 191 .....................................................................854
Colgan v Adm. General 15 Mad 424 .....................................................................1314
Collector of Muslepatam u Covoly 8 MIA 500 .........................................................10
Comb v PayPal, inc. 218 F Supp 2d 1165 (ND Cal 2002) ...................................1361
Commissioner of Income-tax u Govindram Sugar Mills AIR 1966 SC 24 ...........945
Commissioner of Income-tax ii Pemsel M91) AC 581 ..............................1236, 1238
Commissioner of Income-tax v Shah Mohandas Sadhram AIR 1966 SC 15 ........943
Controller of Estate Duty u Aloke MitraMR 1981 SC 102 ..............492, 1083, 1234
Cowanji u Rustomji 20 Born 511 ...........................................................................1106
Cowern v Nield (1912)2 KB 419 ...............................................................................50
Cox v Hickman (1860)8 HLC 268 ...........................................................................940
Craven, re (1908)24 TLR 750 ................................................................................1310
Cricklewood Property and Investment Trust Ltd. v Leighton's
Investment Trust Ltd. (1945) AC 221 ................................................................708
Cullanji v Raghawji (1906)30 Born 27 ..................................................................1013

Daini alias Raju eState 1989 Cr U (NOC) 149 (MP) ..........................................201

Daip Singe Kishno ILR (1968)1 Punj 755 ...............................................................13
Darshan Lal u Dalliwall AIR 1952 All 825 (DB) .................................................1242
Dasaratha t, Subba Rao AIR. 1951 SC 1122 ...........................................................599
Dasharathjlal i., Bai Dhondu Bai AIR 1941 Born 262 (FB) ..................................1108
Dashrath v Kashinath AIR 1993 SC 2646 .............................................................708
Deb Kumar u Anata Bandhu AIR 1931 Cal 421 ......................................................53
Debendra L' Haridas 15 CWN 552 ..........................................................................964
(38] TABLE OF CASES

DcJohn u The TV Corporation International, et a!

245 F Supp 2d 913 (CD 111 2003) .....................................................................1356
Demera Bauxite Co. v Hubbard 1923 AC 673 .........................................................20
DeSouza u Secretary of State 12 BLR OC 423 ....................................................1197
Devchand u P. Sivapragasa AIR 1998 Mad 304 ...................................................1096
Devendra u Rekha Pal 90 CWN 22; (1986)1 Cal U 227;
(1986)1 Cal HN 183 ...........................................................................................1109
Dharma Das v Gostha Behari 16 CWN 29 ....................................................400,964
Dharma u Rabindra Nath 1978 Cr U 864 ............................................................200
Dhirendra Dcv Chand u Raja Har Mohindar Singh AIR 1968 SC 1024 ...............711
Dhirendra u Ramlal 42 CWN 1030 ........................................................................709
Dhyan Chand v Savitri Devi AIR 1998 HP 37 ....................................................1318
Dickinson u Dodds (1876)2 Ch D 463 .......................................................................52
Dipnarain u Pundeo AIR 1947 Pat 99 ....................................................................960
Dominicn of India v Sohanlal AIR 1950 East Punjab 40 ......................................806
Donaldson v Williams (1833)2 LJ Ex 173 ..............................................................942
Dorabji Tata v Lance (1918)42 Born 676 ................................................................940
Duggan u Talyar Khan AIR 1938 Born 657;. 173 IC 714 .....................................1098
Duryodhan Sahu v Jitendra AIR 1999 SC 114 ....................................................1046
Dwarka v Dwarka AIR 1975 SC 1758 ............................................................705,709
Dy. Commr. v K. Kelukutty AIR 1985 SC 1143 .....................................................941
Dyer v Dyer (1788)2 Cox Equity Case 92 ............................................................1234
Eager tFurnival(]881)17ChD115 .........................................................................9
Earl v Oliver (1848)2 Ex 71 ......................................................................................49
Ebrahim v Fulbai 26 Born 577 ..................................................................................12
Ei,.ctroiiics Trade v Indian Technologists JT 1996(1) SC 643 ..............................902
Ellis u Ellis (1905)1 Ch 613 ..................................................................................1212
Enayatulla v Khaliullah AIR 1938 All 432 ..........................................................1091
Estate of Austin, in re (1929)73 Salgo 545 ...........................................................1317
Ewer u Corbet 2 PW 149 .......................................................................................1198.
Fateh Chand v Balkishan Dass AIR 1963 SC 1405 ................................................53
Fati Chand u Leelamber 14 MLA 129 ..................................................................1092
Fazal Haq v Data Ram AIR 1975 All 373 ..............................................................806
Foll&tt Barclays Bank Ltd. v Dovell (1954)3 All ER 478 ....................................1316
Food Corporation v Karnd.henu AIR 1993 SC 1601 .................................................49
Forrest u Verizon Communications, Inc. 805 A 2d 1007 (DC 2002) ...................1356
Fowler u Broade P.N. Light & Co. (1893)1 Ch 724 ..............................................1014
G.M. Jeelani u Shanswar 1994 Cr LJ 271 (AP) .....................................................825
G.M. v Dy. Registrar AIR 1998 Kant 354 ...............................................................610
Ganga Prasad v Mt. Saeedan AIR 1952 All 801 ..................................................1210
Ganga Saran u Ram Charan Ram Gopal 1952 SCR 86; AIR 1952 SC 9 ..............711
Gangabhai v Bhagwandas 32 IA 142 ...................................................................1195
General Accident, Fire and Life Assurance Company Ltd.
U Janmohamad (1941)1 ML.J 88 (PC) ...............................................................1202

Geo Tech. Construction u Hindustan Steel AIR 1999 Ker 72 ...............................610

GET v Punj Seris AIR 1991 SC 1994 .....................................................................610
Ghatwala v Secretary of State 12 IC 117; 15 CWN 909; 38 IA 204 (PC) ...............19
Ghissu u Hashim Ali AIR 1954 All 683 ..................................................................806
 TABLE OF CASES [39]

Ghoto Behari v Rohini 13 CWN 692 ....................................................................1101

Giribala v Kalidas AIR 1921 PC 71 ........................................................................698
Giridhari Singh u Megh Lal Pandey (1918)45 cal 87; 44 IA 246; 42 IC 651 .........22
Gixja Bai u Sadashiv 43 Cal 1031 (Pc) ..................................................................959
Gisborne & Co. v Subal Bowri (1881)8 cal 284; 10 CLJ 219 ..............................607
Gita Hariharan u Reserve Bank of India AIR 1999 SC 1149 ...............................631
Gitanjali v Fanindra 1992 Cr L.J 4046 (On) ..........................................................826
Gitarani o Narendra Krishna 60 Cal 394; AT 1933 Cal 429 .............................1139
Glasgow v Glasgow 221 SC 322 ................................................................................28
Globe Finance Corporation v Montgomery 18 TLR 661 .......................................851
Gohardhan v Abani Mohan AIR 1991 Cal 195 ......................................................941
Gobinda v Debendra 12 CWN 98 ...........................................................................400
Gobindraja v Mangadam AIR 1933 Mad 80 ..........................................................597
Golarn u Fatima 16 CWN 394 ...................................................................................17
Gomalthinayagam v Pallaniswami AIR 1967 SC 868; (1967)1 SCR 227 ..........1096
Gopal Lal u Badridar 33 Cal 657 ..........................................................................1212
Gopal L Sami ILR 28 Mad 517 .............................................................................1236
Gopalan Nair t' Thevi Amma AIR 1969 Ker 23 .....................................................806
Gosar Family Trust v I.T. Commr. AIR 1995 SC 1644 ........................................1235
Costha Behari De u Puma Chandra Dc AIR 1949 Cal 219 ..................................400
Govinda Dayal v Inayatullab ILR 7 All 775 ........................................................1108
Govinda v Hari Dutt Shastni (1977)2 5CC 539; AIR 1977 SC 1005 ..................1096
Govinda v Upendra 47 Cal 274 ..............................................................................960
Gowrishankar v Joshi Amba AIR 1996 SC 2202 .................................................1233
Gram Panchavet v Collector AIR 1991 SC 1082 .................................................1045
Great Berlin's Steam Boat Co., re 26 Ch 1) 616 (CA) ..........................................1239
Grimmond v Grimmond 1905 AC 124 ..................................................................1313
Grove u Bastard (1848)2 Ph 619 ...........................................................................1317
H.K. Das e Halmernann Co. 70 CWN 262 .............................................................910
H.S. Workers u G.S. Atwal AIR 1996 SC 131 ........................................................610
Ha Malbari u Nasiruddin Alit 199S SC 411 ........................................................1318
Haji Isak e Fauz Mahomed AIR 1943 Sind 134 ..................................................1239
Hakam Singh v Gammon (India) Ltd. AIR 1971 SC 740 ......................................612
Hanunian Persaud v Massarnat Babooee
(1636)6 MIA 393 ......................................................................16, 18, 399, 630, 698
Harhen u Philips (1883)23 Ch D 14 .....................................................................1016
Harhhajan e State 1977 Cr L.J 1424 (P&H) ..........................................................201
Harev e Hri 40 CWN 1237 ....................................................................................962
Haridas r Charu 37 C\VN 978 ................................................................................964
Harvey v Facey (1893) AC 552 .................................................................................49
Havatuddin v Abdul Gani AIR 1976 Born 23 .........................................................601
Helbert \Vagg & Co. Ltd., re (19561 All ER 129 ...................................................899
Helby u Mathews (1895) AC 771 ............................................................................648
Henburv v Spoonor 5 Beav 680 ............................................................................1202
Hiralal u Budkulal AIR 1953 SC 225 ...................................................................1066
Hoje Mahomed e Musaji 15 Born 657 ...................................................................1098
Hormasji e Mankuvarbai 12 Boni (HC) ........................................................1014
Hubert Pe y ali v Santhavilasathu AIR 1998 Ker 344 ............................................850
Hunsrati r l3ejnvlal Seal (1930)57 Cal 1176; 57 IA 110 ........................................704
Hunt. e Luck (1902)1 Ch 428; 71 I1 Ch 239 ........................................................1099
[40] TABLE OF CASES

Hurprashad v Shco Dval (187 6)26 WR 55; 3 IA 259 ...............................................12

I.P. Jones & Co. .' Ranjit AIR 1927 Cal 682 ...........................................................848
I.T. Commr. u Kamla Town Trust AIR 1996 SC 620 ...........................................1232
I. Lan Systems, Inc. u Netscout Service Level Corp.
183 F Supp 2d 328 (D Mass 2002) ....................................................................1358
Ibrahim u Fulhai 26 Born 577 ...............................................................................1102
Iftekhar u Hameeda 1980 Cr LJ 1212 (All) ...........................................................826
Imambadi v Mutsuddi (1918)45 IA 73; 45 Cal 878 ...............................................632
Imperial Bank of India v Rai Gyawthu 76 IC 910; 50 IA 283 ..............................846
Imperial Bank of India v U. Rai Gyam Thu and Co. Ltd. 51 Cal 86;
50 IA 283 (PC); 71 IC 910 .........................................................................908k 1099
India and General Duvests Trust Ltd. v Ramchandra AIR 1952 Cal 508 ...........120
Indre Bibi u Jain Sardar Aheri 35 Cal 845 ..........................................................1010
Indu Bhusan u Moazam Ali AIR 1929 Cal 272 ..........................................................4
Islan Chander v Bishu Sirder 24 Cal 825 ............................................................1102
Jacob Mathew v Maya Philip AIR 1999 Ker 192 ...................................................638
Jadu Nath v Sita Ram 44 IA 187 ..............399
Jadunath Singh v Silaramji 44 IA 187 ................................................................1236
Jafri Begam v Ali Raza 28 IA 111 ..........................................................................960
Jagadish v Mt. Kausilla AIR 1947 All 317 ...........................................................1236
Jagadish v Rai Pade 22 Pat LT 396; AIR 1941 Pat 458 ......................................1311
Jagivan i' Ranchhoddas AIR 1954 SC 544 .............................................................698
Jayanta Kumar Baneijee u State of West Bengal AIR 1981 Cal 138 ................1091
Jccvan Smith (1882)20 Ch D 727 ........................................................................850
t.

Jihan Chandra Naren AIR 1955 Ass 24 ..............................................................400

L

Jiban Krishna Dutt v Sailendra Nath 50 CWN 129; AIR 1946 Cal 272 ..............630
Jinjira v Mohammed (1922)49 Cal 477 ....................................................................14
Jogendra Chunder r Apurba Dutt 13 CWN 1190 ................................................1198
Jonmenjoy Coondoo v George Alder Watson 11 IA 94 .........................................1015
Joy Engineering Works u State AIR 1969 Cal 407 ................................................287
Jugalkishore u Ambala AIR 1953 Punj 98 ...........................................................1242
Jugraj Singh v Jaswant Singh AIR 1971 SC 761 ................................................1016
Jwala Bank u Sheobodh AIR 1947 All 104 ...........................................................1076
Jwan Chand u Jugal Kishore AIR 1960 Cal 331 .....................................................22
Jyotiprasad ci H.W. Low & Co. (1930)57 Cal 1189 ..............................................1099
K.. Leelavathy ci P.V. Gangad.haran AIR 1999 SC 1267 .......................................1306
K. Thiagarajan ci E.M. Muthappa AIR 1961 SC 1225 ...........................................941
K.K. Das ci Anima Khatoon 44 CWN 247 ................................................................21
K.K. Ray (P) Ltd., in re AIR 1967 Cal 636 ...........................................................1015
K.K. Sidharthan ci T.P. Praveena JT 1996(9) SC 191 ...........................................902
K.L. Johar & Co. ci Deputy Commercial Tax Officer AIR 1965 SC 1082 .............647
K.M. Rajendran ci Arul Prakasam AIR 1998 Mad 336 ........................54, 1092, 1095
K.S. Vidyanadam ci Vairavan AIR 1997 SC 1751 ................................................1096
Kala Chand ci Gopal (1869)12 WR 163 ................................................................1011
Kalawatibai ci Soirvabai AIR 1991 SC 1581 ............................................................18
Kalicharan c' Kironbala 29 CLJ 494; 51 IC 948 ....................................................961
Kalloomal ci CIT, Kanpur AIR 1982 SC 160 ..........................................................962
Kalyana Sundaram ci Karuppa AIR 1927 PC 42 ...................................................599
 TABLE OFCASES (41]

Kainala l-'rasad v Murli AIR 1926 Pat 356 ..........................................................1195

Kamcshwa' v State AIR 1998 Pat 141 ................................................................1101
Kartick Chandra Shaw v Ranjita Pu! AIR 1977 Cal 496 ....................................1091
Karunamoyee v Maya Moyi AIR 1948 Cal 84 .............................................601, 1076
Katikar Jute Mills u Calcutta Match Works AIR 1958 Pat 133 .............................22
Kerwick v Kerwick 1920 Ind App 273 ........................................................................3
Keshoram Rayon Workmen's Union u Registrar of Trade Unions
AIR1967 Cal 507 .................................................................................................286
Kettle Wall u Watson 21 Ch D 706 .......................................................................1014
Khaivala Venkata Subamma v Katreddi Rammayya 59 IA 112 (PC) ................1140
Khiria Devi v Rameshwar AIR. 1992 SC 1482 .....................................................1097
Knight v Knight (1840)3 Beav 148 .............................................................1237, 1240
Kondapalli v Kondapalli AIR 1999 AP 170 ..............................................................54
Konwar Doorganath u Ramchandra (1874)2 Cal 141; 4 IA 52 .............................698
Koshy v State of Kerala AIR 1976 Ker 108 .........................................................1109
Kreglinger's case (1914) AC 25 ...............................................................................844
Krishna Aiyar o Swariilnath 47 IC 723 ................................................................1106
Krishna Kumaro Grindlays Bank AIR 1991 SC 899 ...........................................705
Kshctra Mohan v Tufarij 37 CWN 112; AIR 1933 Cal 474 ...................................960
Kumar Asima Krishna Dcv u Kumar Kristo Krishna Dev
(1869)2 BLROC 11 ............................................................................................1235
Kumar Narendra Nath Mitra v Sm. Birnia Sundari 42 CWN 718 ....................1015
Kumar I'adrna c Union of India AIR 1992 SC 1213 ............................................1046
Kundarnudi u Mevani (1949)11 FCR 65 .................................................................630
Kuna Rihare v Bisheswar (1934) 148 IC 68; AIR 1934 Oudh 98 ........................853

Ladli Prosad Joiwav o Kernal Distillery Co. Ltd. AIR 1963 SC 1279 ....................20
Lakeu Gibson I Eq Ca Ab 290 ...................................................................................3
Lakhrnichand v Ratnabai 51 Born 274 ...................................................................700
Lalit Mohon Mondal v Prafulla Kumar Mondal 86 CWN 398 ...................598, 1312
Laxan u Ramchandan 139 IC 650 ........................................................................1093
Ledu Coachman u Hiralal (1916)43 Cal 115 ..........................................................940
Limba u Manikrao AIR 1978 Born 83 .............................................................17, 1154
Limond, re (1915)2 Ch 240; 84 L.J Ch 833 ...........................................................1309
Lloyds v Grace Smith & Co. (1912) AC 716 reversing (1911)2 KB 489 .............1014
Lloyds v Harpar(1880)16 Ch D 290 ......................................................................608
London Corporation u Riggs (1880)13 Ch D 798 .....................................................28
M. Rama Krishna u T. Jayarnma 1992 Cr LI 1368 ...............................................826
MN. Cluhwalla c Eida Hussain Saheb AIR 1965 SC 610 ....................................806
M.T. Brijial Devi t Shivanand AIR 1939 All 221 ...................................................597
Mackenin u Royal Bank 151 IC 981 (PC) ................................................................20
Madan Mohan u Raj Kishore 21 CWN 88 ..............................................................845
Madan Mohon v Rebate (1916)21 CWN 158 ........................................................1093
Maddison v Alderson 53 IC 205; (.1833)8 App Cas 467 .......................................1092
Madhabu Sarat 15 CWN 126 .................................................................................400
Ma6rneerarn u Satyabrata AIR 1951 Cal 352: 51 CWN 226 ...................................711
Mahadeo Prosad v Bharati LR 62 IA 47 ................................................................400
Mahamaya Dasi v Haridas Halder ILR 42 Cal 480; 19 CWN 2081 .....................964
Mahamod Mua case (1914)421 App 75 .................................................................
Mahanied Zinid c Calcutta Vyapar Prathisth:iri AIR 1966 Cal 605... ................. 1100
[42] TABLE OF CASES

aharnmad Baqqar v Nain-un-nisa AIR 1956 SC 548 ........................................960

Maharaja ofJoypore v Rukmini (1919)42 Mad 589; 46 IA 109; 50 IC 631 ...........12
Maharaja Suija Kanta v Sarat Chandra Roy 18 CWN 1281; 25 IC 309 (PC) ........22
Mahendra v Padam Kumari AIR 1993 All 143 ....................................................1012
Mahomed Au v Ahmed Bukh (1876)25 WR 121 (PC) ........................................1309
Mahorned Kuzin u Syed Abi 136 IC 417; AIR 1932 Pat 238 ...............................1234
Maliomed Rustom v Mustaq Hussain 47 LA 224 ................................................1287
Maborned Shah v Official Trustee of West Bengal 36 Cal 431 ...............................20
Mahomed v Musaji 15 Born 657 ...........................................................................1100
Maiyandas v Sri Mohan AIR 1945 All 409.............................................................599
Makhanlal u Nagendranath (1933)60 Cal 379; 37 CWN 119 ...............................705
Manali Singhal v Ravi Singhal AIR 1999 Del 156 ................................................827
Manohari v Sambhunath AIR 1933 All 622 .........................................................1234
Mansoor v Usman AIR 1944 Born 156 ...................................................................851
Marci Celine D'Souza v Renie Fernandez AIR 1998 Ker 280 ...............................600
Marison, exparte LR4 QB 153 ............................................................................1013
Marni Veeranna u Kanurnuri AIR 1977 AP 405 ..................................................1091
Marshall & Co. v Naginchand (1918)42 Born 473 .................................................940
Marsland, in re (1939) \\T N 251; (1939)1 Ch 820 .................................................1304
Marudamuthu t Rangasami (1901)24 Mad 401 ....................................................940
Mata Din v AhrnadAli (1912)39 IA 49; 14 Born LR 192 .......................................631
Mathu Raman Chetty v Krishna Pilai 29 Mad 72 ..............................................1102
Mathura Mohan v Ramkumar Saha (1916)43 Cal 720 .......................................1092
Maung Lu v U.P.O. Hlaing AIR 1934 Rang 104 ..................................................1014
Maurice Saleh, in the goods of 60 Cal 1016 .........................................................1203
May v Beloona (1905)2 Ch 605 .................................................................................29
Mayor of Lyons v East India Co. Ltd. 1 MIA 175 ..........................................14, 1313
Mazahar u Mukhtar AIR 1938 All 64 .......................................................................12
Mazbar Husen v Bodha Bibi (1898)21 All 91 (PC) ........................ (A .........1304, 1309
McComiskey, in the goods of 20 Cal 879 ...............................................................1201
Md. Kuzin v Syed Ali 136 IC 417 .........................................................................1287
Meenakshi v Chidam Baram 15 IC 711 .................................................................708
Meyer and Co. v Faber (No. 2) (1923)2 Ch D 421 .................................................945
Middlesort v Alduson (1883)8 App Cas 467 .............................................................700
Middleton v Pollock 1876 Ch D 104 .....................................................................1102
Mir Sarwarjan v Fakhruddin (1911)39 IA 1; 30Cal 232 ........................................15
Mir Syed Hossain v Taiyabba Begum 26 IC 457 .................................................1308
Misri Lal v Daulat Devi AIR 1997 SC 3819 .........................................................1318
Misri La) v Durga Narain AIR 1940 All 317; 189 IC 623 .....................................705
Mithoolal Nayak v Life Insurance Corporation AIR 1962 SC 814 .........................55
Mlead v Drammend 17 Ves 155 ............................................................................1198
MoangAunj v Gyi 32 IC 638 ...................................................................................51.
Modi Cements u Kuchil Kumar Cal LT 1998(2) SC 41 .........................................902
Mohd. Ibrahiin u Bjbj Mariam (1929)8 Pat 148 ......................................................14
Mohd. Muneruddin v R.akshma 1978 Cr JJ NOC 4 (AP) .....................................825
Mohesh v Radha Kishore 12 CWN 28 ..................................................................1011
Mohini Das v Pareshnath AIR 1934 On 198 .......................................................1234
Mohori Bibi v Dharmadas Ghosh (1903)30 Cal 539 (PC);
30 IA 114; 7 CWN,441 .........................................................15, 50, 51, 55, 633, 847
Mlnohar u Bhupendra 60 Cal 432 ...........................................................................16
 TABLE OFCASES [43]

Monoj Kumar Saha v Nabadwip Chandra Poddar 82 CWN 166 .........................849

Monosse v hapuiji 10 Born LR 1004 ....................................................................818
Moore u Microsoft Corp. 293 AD 2d 587;
741 NYS 2d 91 (NYAD 2 Dept 2002) ................................................................1358
Mosa Hagi v Hagi Abdul 5 Born LR 630 .............................................................1194
Mretunjai u Hinja AIR 1933 Oudh 468 ....................................................................21
Mst. Badhu Rani u Thakur Rajendra Baksh 60 IA 95 AIR 1933 PC 72 .............959
Mst. Dan Kuer v Sarla Devi 40 Born LR 123; AIR 1947 PC 8 .............................1105
Mohammed Rustam Ali u Mushtaq Hussain (1920)47 IA 224; 57 IC 329 ............14
Muralidhar's case AIR 1961 Cal 175 ......................................................................912
Musahar Sahu u Hakim La! 43 IA 104; 43 Cal 52 ..............................................1102

N. Palaniswami vA. Palaniswamy AIR 1998 Mad 264 ........................................636

N. Ramswamy v C. Ramdswamy AIR 1975 Mad 88 ...............................................30
N. Venkatappa v Lingappa AIR 1998 Kant 372 ......................................................54
N.A. Mohammed u Sulochana AIR 1995 SC 1624 ...............................................1233
N.M. Ponniah u Kamalakshjni AIR 1989 SC 467 ..................................................705
Nagar Mahapalika v Sai Ram AIR 1990 SC 274.....................................................52
Nalini Navin v Chandravadan AIR 1997 SC 1055 ..............................................1318
Nanda La! Sett, in the goods of 58 CWN 568 ......................................................1200
Nandganj v Badri Nath AIR 1991 SC 1525 .............................................................57
Nandram v Raghunath AIR 1954 Cal 245 .............................................................132
Naraindas u Kunjilal AIR 1924 Nag 162 ...............................................................910
Narandas v Parsoram 4 BLR 500 ..............................................................................5
Narasirnhasetty v Padmasetty AIR 1998 Kant 389 ............................................1093
Narayan Chandra Ghosh o Sanat Kumar (1975)2 Cal I_J 79 .............................1109
Naravan Deo u State of Orissa AIR 1953 SC 383 ...................................................22
Narayan v Sushama 1992 Cr LI 2912 Ori) ..........................................................
Narbada u Sita Ram AIR 1998 Raj 113 ..................................................................637
Narbadabai v Mahadeo (1880)5 Born 99 ................................................................601
Narpatchand v Shantilal AIR 1993 SC 1712 ...................................................26,848
Narul HasanuAmir Hasan AIR 1962 Cal 569 .....................................................941
National Insurance Company Limited u A.G. Nair & Co. AIR 1997 SC 2049 .....611
National Textile v T.N. Co-op. AIR 1998 SC 2658 .................................................610
National Thermal u Singer & Co. AIR 1993 SC 998 ...............................................57
Neladri Sahu v Mohini Chaturbunj 53 IA 253; 98 IC 576 ....................................699
New Reviera u Special LAO (1996)1 SCC 731 .........................................................11
Niladri Sahoo v Mahunt Chaturbhuj Das LR 53 IA 252 ......................................399
Nilkantha Patio Khitish Chandra AIR 1951 Cal 338 ..........................................701
Nimbamma u Rathnam.ma AIR 1999 Kant 226 ..................................................1318
Nitya Gopal u Pran Kristo 57 CWN 439 ................................................................958
Noakes & Company v Rice (1902) AC 24 .......................................................844,845
Nooruddin u Md. Omer AIR 1956 Born 641 .........................................................1201
Nusri v Netai 58 CLJ 513 ....................................................................................1100

O.C. Ganguly o Kamalapat Singh 51 CWN 208 ..................................... 708

Oapramar v Thomas Cook & Sons, Banker Ltd. AIR 1933 PC 78 ........ 1015
Oil and Natural Gas o Offshore Enterprises AIR 1993 Born 217 ......... 1013
Okhoymoney u Nilmony 15 Cal 282 ........................................................ 1315
Urn Prakash v Vidya Devi 1992 Cr 1._I 658 (P&H) ................................ 826
Oosrnan v Haroon 47 Born 369; AIR 1923 Born 148 ............................... 1100
[44] TABLE OF CASES

P. Brahnianiah u P. Padma 1991 Cr LJ 607 (AP) ..................................................826

P.M.C. Kunhiraman v C.R. Naganatha AIR 1993 SC 307 ....................................704
Parichhan Mistry v Acchiabar Mistry AIR 1997 SC 456 ......................................851
Parkar v McKenna 10 Ch App 96 .........................................................................1012
Pashupatinath Seal v Prad yunmakurnar Malik (1936)63 Cal 454 ......................399
Patel Roadways Limited v Topical Agro Systems P. ltd. AIR 1992 SC 1514 .......612
Pathu Kutti Umma o Nedungadi Bank Ltd. (1938) Mad 148 ................................14
Patnaik .' Rangapati AIR 1967 On 90 ...................................................................964
Pattabhirameer ii Vincatarow (1870)13 Moor Ind App 560 ......................................3
Pattabhiramier v Vencatrow (1871)13 MIA 560 ...................................................853
Pestonjee v D. Manickjee & Co. 12 MIA 112; 10 WR 51 (PC) ..............................121
Picha Moopanar u Velu Piflai AIR 1947 Mad 203 ...............................................1104
Flowright u Lambart 52 LT 645 .................................................................1089, 1101
PMASetty v State of Karnataka AIR 1989 SC 100 ............................................1203
Polistar v Gigmania Ltd. 170 F Supp 2d 974, (ED Cal 2000) ............................1356
Pooley, re 40 Ch D 1; 60 LT 63 ..........................................................1196, 1309, 1310
Porter u Freudenberg (1915)1 KB 857 ..................................................................940
Pradip v Umarani AIR 1954 Cal 277 ...................................................................1204
Prahallad u Anadi AIR 1997 On 201 .....................................................................637
Pramathanath u Pradhyamma 67 IC 309 ...............................................................16
Pramila Bala Das u Jogeswar (1918)3 Pat LJ 518 ..................................................15
Pranab Ganguli u Shanbaza Land and Estate Ltd. 86 CWN 40 ..........................709
Pranjivandas Mehta u Chan Ma Phea 1916 IA 122; 43 Cal 895 ............................34
Prannath v Jadhunath 32 Cal 729 ...........................................................................30
Pravat v Dilip AIR 1997 Cal 326 ............................................................................637
Priestman u Thomas 53 UP 109; 51 LT 843; 33 WR 842 ...................................1195
Pritambhai u Sundermalj (1945)1 MW 58 ..........................................................1307
Prithvichand v S.Y. Sindhe AIR 1993 SC 1929 .......................................................53
Pritinara yani v Patjt Paban 60 CWN 890 .......................................................... 1234
ProCD, Inc. v Zeidenberg 908 F Supp 640 (WD Wis 1996) .................................1352
Prosad v Govindaswami AIR 1982 SC 84 ............................................................1090
Prosanna u Golap Chand LR 2 IA 145 ...................................................................390
Prosonnya Kumar Debya u Golap Cliand(1875)2 IA 145 ....................................698
Punjab and Sindh Bank Ltd. v Canes Das AIR 1935 Lah. 721 .............................849
Punnakal u VeIlai Padmini 1992 Cr LJ 3562 (Ker) ..............................................825
Puranmal u Brijial ILR 39 All 651; AIR 1937 Ass 123 ..........................................964
Puma u Daulat 78 CWN 352 ................................................................................1092
Purnendu v Narendra AIR 1943 Pat 3 .....................................................................28

R. Janarcthana Rao u G. Lingappa AIR 1999 SC 780 ................... 902

R. Leslie Ltd. v Shiell (1914)3 KB 607 ........................................... 633
R. u Arnad (1946)19 QB 806 ........................................................... 14
R.M. Arunachalam o I.T. Commr. AIR 1997 SC 2905 ................... 851
Radha Rani u Hanuman AIR 1966 SC 216 .................................... 18
Radhabai v Gopal AIR 1944 Born 50; 45 BLR 950 ........................ 598, 1.105
Radhaswamy u Raj Narain AIR 1943 All 218 .............................. 607
Rageshwari v Kumar Kamakyn 58 IA 9 ........................................ 29
Raghava v Sninivasa ILR 40 Mad 308 ........................................... 15, 848
Raghubir Singh u State AIR 1987 SC 149; 1987 Cr LI 157 ......... 200
Raghubir u Union of India AIR 1962 SC 263 ................................ 287
 TABLE OF CASES [45]

Rai Chand u Chandra Kanta AIR 1991 SC 744 ....................................................700

Raj Kumar b Uchjt AIR 1951 Pat 414 ...................................................................090
Raja Ananda u State of U.P. (1967)1 SCR 873 ........................................................22
Raja Dhruv Deb v Raja Harmohinder Singh AIR 1968 SC 1024 .........................708
Raja of Mamnod v Arunachalam 38 Mad 321 .....................................................1306
Raja Peary Mohan Mukhedee v Manohar Mukhedee 26 CWN 138 .................1306
Rajain v Pankajam AIR 1944 Mad 337 ................................................................1202
Rajasthan u Dayal Woods AIR 1998 AP 381 ...........................................................50
Rajendra v Pramila 1993 Cr W 3813 (On) ........................................................... 826
Rajendra v Rarneswar AIR 1999 SC37 .................................................................700
RajeshWadha v Sushma Govjl AIR 1989 Del 144 ..............................................1016
Rajkumar Rajindra Singh u State of Himachal Pradesh AIR 1990 SC 1833 .......806
Rain Charan v Narayangilai LR 60 IA 124 ...........................................................400
Rain Gopal La! v Aipina Kumar 49 IA 413 ..........................................................1316
Ram Gopal v Custodian (1966)3 SCR 214; (1966)2 SCJ 782 ................................707
Rain Kumar vAmar 52 All 572 ............................................................................1120
Rain Kumar u Mc Queen 18 WR 160 (PC) ...........................................................1099
Ram Lachun o Hogg 10 WR 930 ...............................................................................16
Raman Laiji v Gopal Laiji ILR 19 All 428 .............................................................964
Ramanandj t, Mt. Kalawatj LR 55 IA 18 ............................................................1195
Rãmanathan u Murugappa 1916 LR 33 IA 119 ....................................................964
Rarnanathan u Unnamalai AIR 1942 Mad 632 ...................................................1103
Ramesh u Veen AIR 1978 SC 1807 .........................................................................826
Rameswliarla] v Butta Kristo (1934)13 Pat 396; AIR 1934 Pat 653 ....................709
Ram.kinkor v Satya Charan (1939)43 CWN 281 .......................................................5
Ramkrishna u Ganpat Mahadeo 60 Born 34; AIR 1936 Born 10 ..........................960
Ramlal u Dhirendra AIR 1943 PC 24 .....................................................................709
Rarnlinga v Narayan 49 IA 108 ..............................................................................962
Rarnlingha v Sivachidambera 42 Mad 440 ..............................................................13
Ramsden v Dyson (1865)1 HL 129 ...........................................................................22
Ramtunga Chetty u Shiva Chidarn ILR 42 Mad 440 ............................................599
Rani Chitro Kurnari u Mohan Bikrarn (1931)589 App 279 .......................................2
Ranjit Kumar v Tapan Kumar AIR 1997 Cal 278 .................................................706
Rao u Andhra Bank AIR l97lSC 1613 ....................................................................34
Ratan Devi v Jagadhar AIR 1956 Pang 46 ...........................................................1103
Ratan Sen u Suraj Bhan AIR 1944 All 11 ............................................................1236
Raunaq International i.' I.V.R. Construction AIR 1999 SC 393 ..........................1046
Reade u Krishna 9 Mad 391 ....................................................................................629
Regia Begurn v Mahomed Daud AIR 1926 Pat 508...................... 701
Register.com , Inc u Venio, Inc. 126 F Supp 2d 238, (SDNY 2000). 1357
Rhodes, re 44 Ch D 94 .................................................................... 51
Richard v Rose (1858)9 Exch 218; 158 ER 98 ............................... 28
Robinson, in re (1951)1 Ch 198 ..................................................... 1305
Rodriguez v Speyers Brother(1919)AC 59 .................................. 51,55
Rolls Royce v Urmila & Co. AIR 1998 Del 411 .............................. 34
Rooke v Barnad 1964 AC 1129 ...................................................... 287
Rowbothern u Wilson (1860)8 HLC 348 ......................................... 29
Rustomji v Purushattam (1901)25 Born 606 ................................. 945
S. Rajagopal v Harnasaveni AIR 1992 SC 704 ....................................................1318
[46] TABLE OF CASES

S. Suinitra u State AIR 1993 Kant 108 ................................................................1046

S. Thirurnavalavan u Natarajan AIR 1998 Mad 281 ............................................637
S.K. Golim u Sadarjan Bibi 43 Cal 59 ....................................................................854
S.N. Baneijee u Kutchwar Lime and Stone Co. Ltd. (1941)21 Pat 24;
40 CWN 374 .........................................................................................................707
Sachindra v Hernchandra (1931)35 CWN 151; 132 10688 ..................................963
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics Co-operative Housing Society Ltd.
v Corporation of Calcutta AIR 1977 NOC 362 (Cal) ............................................11
Saibalini Saha v Snehalata Bose 65 CWN 690 .....................................................910
Sajjad Ahmad v Trailakshya (1927-28)32 CWN 472; 55 Cal 464 .........................709
Sarala Sundari u Hazari (1915)42 Cal 953 ............................................................639
Salt u Marquess of Northampton (1892) AC 1 .......................................................844
Saminatha v Muthusami (1907)30 Mad 530 ...........................................................55
Sankar Raghunath v Ganeshgopal AIR 1982 NOC 7 .........................................1234
Sanvashi Charari Mondal v Krishnadone Baneijee (1922)49 Cal 560;
AIR1922 PC 237 ................................................................................................ 943
Sarala Sundari v Hazari (1915)42 Cal 953 ............................................................639
Sarnath Sanyal, in the goods of AIR 1949 All 93 ................................................1305
Satish Chandra v Kalipada Maity (1977)2 Cal U 480 .......................................1109
Satya Bhusan v Jatindra Mohan 49 CLJ 136; AIR 1929 Cal 269 ........................961
Satya Devi v Trebani 161 IC 579: AIR 1936 Pat 153 ....................................51, 1089
Satya Kumar v Saya Kripal (1909)10 CUP 503 ...................................................13
Satyavarat v Arya Sarnaj AIR 1946 Born 516; 48 Born LR 34 ..............................268
Scott v Brown Doering McNab & Co. (1892)2 QB 724 ............................................56
Scottv Tyler 2 Dick 725 ........................................................................................1139
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs u Charlsworth Pudding & Co.
26 Born 1 (PC) ........................................................................................................22
Secretary of State v Dilsizian Freres (1921)45 Born 1212 ....................................53
Secretary of State i' Kasture Raddi 26 Mad 268 .................................................ion
Secretary of State u Vira Rayan 9 Mad 175 ..............................................................9
Seethalakshmi u Srinivaso AIR 1958 Mad 23 .......................................................847
Seikh Kudratuilah i Mohirti Mohon 4 BLR 134 .................................................110
Sethani u Bhora AIR 1993 SC 956 ...........................................................................55
Seven Oaks Maid Stone Tunbridge Railway Co. u London Chatham &
Dover Ry Co. (1879)11 Ch 625 ............................................................................707
Shaliq Ram v Charanjit (1930)57 IA 282; 128 IC 265 .......................................... 59
Shelley's case 1 Rep 94 ..........................................................................................1314
Shelly's case 1 Rep 24 ..................................................................................................
Shewprasad Saraf, in the goods of AIR 1954 Cal 444 .........................................1205
Shiva Prosad v Benimadhab AIR 1929 Pat 529 ....................................................84
Shri Ba! Mukand u Munn' La! Rarnji AIR 1970 Punj 516 ...................................90C
Shyam Sunder u Sunita AIR 1998 Del 153 ............................................................63
Sirish v Kadambini 44 CU IS; 97 IC 685 ...............................................................21
Sitesh Kumar v Ramesh AIR 1981 Pat 339 .........................................................110€
Sk. Aftab v Sint. Yayabba AIR 1973 All 54 ............................................................601
Smith, in re 43 Ch D 302 ......................................................................................1305
Snowball, re LR 7 Ch 534 ....................................................................................1011
Sohial v Indrojit 22 All 370 ...................................................................................109t
Soinsundaram u Shwebwa (1920)57 IC 948 ........................................................1091
Sookhmoy Chunder Doss v Monohurri Dassi 12 IA 103 (I(' .............................110€
 TABLE OF CASES
[47]

Specht v Netscape Communications 306 F 3d 17 (2d

Cir 2002) ........................1359
Spencer's case 77 ER 72 ............................................................................................25
Srinivasa v Gopalan 20 MW 865; 28 IC 424 .........................................................210
Sriniwas v
Narhar 32 Born 296 ............................................................................1066
Standard Credit Corporation u
Subramanjan (1966)1 MLJ 457 ......................... 648
State Bank of Mysore v
Official Liquidator 58 Comp Cas 609 .............................849
State of Bihar v
Hindustan Construction AIR 1998 Born 331 ..............................610
State of Kerala v Cochin Chemical Refiners (1963)3 SCR 556 ..........................1090
State of West Bengal u
Birendranath Basunia AIR 1955 Cal 601 .........................19
State of West Bengal u Subocth Gopal AIR 1954 SC 92; 1954 SCR 587 ................30
Step-Saver Data Systems u Wyse Technology 939 F 2d 91 (3d Cir 1991) .........1352
Stocker u
Planet Building Society (1879)27 WR 877 (CA) ...................................707
Subanu u
Abdul AIR 1987 SC 1103 ........................................................................826
Subbaiya u
Mustapha LR 50 IA 295 ......................................................................400
Subbarao's case AIR 1948 PC 95 ..............................................................................50
Subhas Kumar u State of Bihar AIR 1991 SC 420; (1991)1 SCC 598;
(1991)1 SCR 5; 1991 AIR SCW 121 ..................................................................1045
Subra.rnanyam v Subba Rao AIR 1948 PC 95; 75 IA 115 .................................51, 630
Sudarshan u
Chuba Singh AIR 1956 HP 28 ..............................................54
Sudhamoyee v Bhujendra Nath (1937) AC 226 ............................... ... ... .. .. ..
........................601
Suhasinj v Srinath 49 CWN 769 .............................................................................960
Sukumar Bose v
Abanj Kumar Halder (30 CWN 778 ............................................400
Sunil v Sisir (1969)67 IA 102 ..................................................................................848
Surendra Nath Pramanick u State of West Bengal
(1978-79)83 CWN 525 .................................................................................400, 40:3
Surendra Nath Pramarijk u Amrita La! Pal Chowdhury 47 Cal 115 ...................218
Surendra v BhudharM R 1938 Cal 690 .........................................................70's
........
Surendra v Kedar AIR 1936 Cal 87 ......................................................................1012
Surendra u
Stephen Court Ltd. AIR 1966 SC 1361 ..............................................709
Surinder u State AIR 1998 Del 140 ......................................................................1318
Surje Kumar v
Maya Dutt 86 CWN 358 ................................................................961
Surya Properties Pvt. Ltd. u Bimalendu Nath Sarkar AIR 1964Cl a1
67CWN977........................................................................................................912
Sushi! v
Ramchandra AIR 1982 All 129 ................................................................962
Sushi!a Devi u
Hari Singh AIR 1971 SC 1756.......................................................711
Syndicate Bank v
Vijay Kumar AIR 1992 SC 1066 ...............................................610
T.N. Rugmani v
C. Achutha Menon AIR 1991 SC 983 ........................................1045
Taffvaje's cases 1901 AC 420 ..................................................................................287
Tagore v
Tagore 18 WR 359 (PC) ................................................................ 1308, 1315
Tagore u Tagore 1872 lad App Supp 47 ...........................................
Tagore u ................2, 1106
Tagore 6 BLR 401 ...................................................................................1238
Taheralthat,jon v Salambin AIR 1999 SC 1106 ...................................................1174
Talul( Board v Sentha AIR 193$ Mad 709 ...............................................................49
Tamboli v Chanchi MR 1992 SC 1236 ...................................................................848
Tara Devi v Mahaveer Singh AIR 1997 Raj 87 .....................................................637
Tarabar v Late Padan Chand AIR 1950 Born 89 ................... .
Taylor v Blacke!ock (1885)32 Ch D 650 ....................... .............711
..................... .........................................1233
................. .
Taylor v Plummer (1815)3 M & S 575 ..................................................................1233
Thakoor Chandra Pormanjek's case 6 WR 229 (FB) ............................................... 21
 TABLE OF CASES
[48]

State 1977 Cr U 471 .................................................................201

Thakur Prasad u SyedYahYa Hossain (1911)16 CU 119 ...................................1015
Tliakur Prasad u
ThakurRudhesh\Vari Prasad v Rani Prohhati 1952 SCR 64; AIR 1952 SC 1 .......10
Indian Overseas Bank AIR 1943 Mad 743 ......................................1210
Thenappa u
TicketmaSter Corp. u Tickets. corn, Inc.
2000 US Dist LEXIS 4553 (CD Cal 2000) ..............................................1359, 1361
Muna Bewa AIR 1962 Or' 130 ...........................................................597
Tila Bewa v
Tilakdharilal v Khedanlal (1920)47 IA 239; 48 Cal I ...........................................910
Tincouri i' Narayan AIR 1957 Cal 364.................................................................1140
Torabai v Padan Chand 62 CWN 176 ....................................................................705
Traders and Miners Ltd. u Dhirendra ILR 23 Pat 115; AIR 1944 Pat 261 ...........708
Trimbuck Mahadeo u Emperor (1936)166 LC 681 ..............................................1065
J 315 .............................................................................400
Tulsidas v Siddique 20 CL'
Uday Chand u Narain (1920)58 IC 186 .................................................................701
Ulfat Rai v Gourisankar (1911)33 All 657 ................................................................15
Umashankar v State 1982 Cr U 1186 (MP) .........................................................200
Umesh Vashwani u Ratna AIR 1998 Raj 84 ........................................................1318
Union Carbide v Union of India AIR 1992 SC 248 ............................................52, 53
Upendra v Hem Chandra 25 Cal 405 ...................................................................1315
92 ...........................1001
Usha Rice Mills Co. Ltd. v United Bank of India 82 CWN
S.M. Laiwani AIR 1965 SC 716 .............................................705,709
Uttamchand v
Uttar Pradeshiya Shramik Maha Sangha i i State of Uttar Pradesh
AIR1960A1145 ............................................................................286
Ajit Kumar AIR 1966 SC 432; (1966)1 SCA285 ..............................960
V.N. Sarin u
Vaddeboyina v Vaddeboyina AIR 1977 SC 1944 ..........................17,598,1154,130-1
Vadivelu v Kuppuswami (1972)1 MU 265 ........................................................1242
Vallabdas Naranji v Development Officer, Bandra LR 56 IA 25. ..........................21
Veena Hasmukh Jain v State of Maharashtra AIR 1999 SC 807 ........................419
Venkata u Partha Sarathi 16 Mad 220 ................................................................1066
Venkatasubbamma u Ramayya 55 Mad 443 (PC); 62 MU 365;
441; 135 IC 111; AIR 1962 PC 92 .......................................................1140
36 CWN
(1903)1 Ch 65 .....................................................................1198
Verrell's Contract, re
Vertannes u Robinson 23 Born LR 1017 ...............................................................1108
Virnala v Veeraswarny (1991)2 SCC 375 ................................................................82i3
Vincent u Premo Enterprises (1969)2 QB 609; (1969)2 All ER 941 .........................7
Vinoyak Samara u Moreshwar ILR (1944) Nag 342; AIR 1944 Nag 44 (F'B) .....1103
Vizaramarju u Secretary of State 8 Mad 525 (PC) ..............................................1232
VoraAininbai v Vora TaheraliA.IR 1998 Gui 31 ....................................................845
Wake o Hall (1886)8 App Cas 195 ......................................................................23
Walsh v Lonsdale(1882)21 Ch D 9 ...............................................698, 699, 706, 1092
Waman R.arnkrishna v Ganapat AIR 1936 Born 10; ILR (1944)
Nag 342; AIR 1934 Nag 44 (FB) ...................................................................1.3, 960
Waman Ramkrishfla v Ganpat (1935)60 Born 34 ................................................1103
Wheeldor u BurroweS (1879)12 Ch D 89 ..................................................................28
Wilkock's Settlement, in re (1875)1 Ch D 225 ........................................................
Wiatte v Nye (1959)1 All ER 552 (HL) .................................................................1317