Types of Media
1. Print Media
Print media is also known as the “press”, this type of media refers to
materials that are written and are physically distributed. Perhaps the most
significant event in the history of printing is the invention of the printing press by
Johannes Gutenberg in (1440).
Books are the very first mass media in human history. Baran (2010)
consider books as very personal because they contain records of past
experiences and human knowledge that are passed on to later generations.
Magazines and newspapers may be targeted for the general audience
or may address the interests of a particular group of readers. Magazines
typically contain features or human interest articles, whereas newspapers will
definitely have news stories and occasionally have other types of articles. Both
the magazine and the newspaper may also have online versions for them to
reach a wider and larger audience who are more often virtually connected
through the Internet.
2. Broadcast Media (Broadcasting)
The main sources of the broadcast are television and radio. We can watch all types
of events which are happening on earth. Usually, people are interested to watch the news
regarding spiritual, politics, sports and so on. Radio is also the source of broadcasting we
can hear all kinds of news on it and also enjoy the music on it through changing the
channels.
Broadcast media is considered
“household” media because they be found in practically any corner of a home. According to
Baran (2010), radio was the first electronic mass medium and precursor of television. For a
long time, radio was the “young people’s media. “This first evident in the proliferation of FM
radio stations catering to the musical taste of younger generations, also known as format
radio. In the Philippines, you customarily expect FM programming to be format radio,
whereas AM programming is dominated by a news format.
Broadcasting has also started to conquer the Internet and mobile
technology through Internet-based radio and television programmed.
3. Movies (Film/Cinema)
It is one of the oldest platforms of media and people went
to the theaters to watch it but know people can watch movies at home via
safelight and cable in HD resolution.
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According to Wikipedia, a film is created by photographing actual scenes
with a motion picture camera; by photographing drawings or miniature models
using traditional animation; or by a combination of some or all
of these techniques and other visual effects.
Films are very important artifacts because, like books, they reflect the
desires, ideologies, and sensibilities of the culture to which they originate from.
4 Internet / New Media
The Internet is one of the newest sources of media. The majority of the
users prefer the internet to watch news quickly. It is more fast and capable in
compare to any other source of media. Internet changes the world and connects the
people also deliver the users to keep in touch with the latest inventions and news.
The Internet also gives you a chance to express your ideas all over the globe.
The internet and social media provide young people with a range of benefits,
and opportunities to empower themselves in a variety of ways. Young people can
maintain social connections and support networks that otherwise wouldn't be
possible, and can access more information than ever before.
5) Video Games
Video games continue to grow popular to both young and old because of
their increased interactivity and interconnectivity. It is only grown in youth with
high dimensions and more graphics. Games are the form of electronic media
devices. Now games are also available on mobile phones and people are easily
accessible to them.
What is Media Convergence?
Converge means to meeting at a point, it is synonymous to the words: join,
unite, interest, merge, connect, coincide. Media Convergence happens when
different (two or more) media sources join together. It allows media texts to be
produced and distributed on multiple media devices.
Media convergence is the ability to transform different kinds of media into
digital code, which is then accessible by a range of devices. Media convergence
usually occurs in various platforms such as:
1. Social Network
2. Learning Management System
3. Product Advertisement
4. News Agency
5. Multimedia Personality
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Example of Media Convergence
Device / Media Converged Media
Type or Forms
Smartphones o Camera
o TV
o Telephone
o Web browser
o Digital map
o Radio, etc.
Computers o Camera
o Music player
o Video player
o Web browser, etc.
Google o Google search, drive, mail, play store
o Youtube, google wallet, android, hangout
o Google chrome, google plus
o Blogspot, google map
Book o E-books
o Print on demand (POD)
Newspaper o Online version
o Mobile application version
Magazine o Online and costume publishing
o Movement from print to television (or vice
versa)
o Advertorial
Film o Concept movies
o Sequels, remakes, and franchise
o Television, comic book, and video
game remakes
Radio o Digital radio
o Internet-based radio and podcasting
o Radio on television (and vice versa)
Television o Video cassette recorders (VCR)
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o Digital video disc (DVD)
o Digital vide recorder (DVR)
o Digital television or high-definition television
o Internet-based television
o Video on the internet
o Interactive television
o Phone-over-cable
o Mobile video
o Television recording
Video games o Online interactive gaming
o Internet-capable handheld game devices
o Advocacy gaming
Internet and the o Functionalities of the traditional media
World Wide moving to the Web platform
Web o Internet technology incorporated to mobile
technology (e.g. smartphones and tablets)
o Internet connected, Wi-Fi capable television
monitor.
Media convergence have a vital element of life for many people. With the
development of technology in different platforms and cooperation such as television,
Internet and mobile communication, audiences have had both a bigger choice of
media and a life which media technologies has made easier.
CLASSIFICATION OF MEDIA
There are different ways to classify media.
1. Print media, non-print media, electronic media
· Print media. They include: books, journals, magazines,
newspapers, workbook, textbooks
· Non-print media: they include: projected and non-projected media
· Electronic media: they include: Audio media, Visual media and Audio-Visual
2. Projected media & non-projected media
·Projected media: they require light source for projection.
E.g. film projector slides etc.
·Non-projected media: they do not require light source.
They include 3 dimensional objects, 2dimensional objects,
prints, charts, models etc.
3. Audio media, Visual media & Audio-visual
· Audio media: this form of media carry sounds alone.
E.g. audio tapes, record player,
·Visual media: These are the ones that can be seen.
E.g. TV, computer, white board
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·Audio-Visual: this term refers to those instructional materials which provide
students with audio and visual experiences by appearing to the hearing and
seeing senses at the same time. E.g. TV, video tapes, closed circuit television
(CCTV).
4. Hardware and software
·Hardware: this the classification of machines or equipment used in the
instructional process. It is upon these gadgets that the software is transmitted.
E.g. Television set, tape recorder etc.
·Software: this classification consists of all materials used with the machine.
They are the real carrier of knowledge or information. They include, films,
tapes transparencies.
Educational Media Classification
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