ARCHAEA DOMAIN
( Kingdom Archaebacteria)
• Organisms of this kingdom are all microscopic, meaning
we cannot see them with our unaided eyes.
• Archaebacteria has no nucleus and even organelles.
• Their genetic materials float freely in cytoplasm.
• They live and settle in diverse places, some even in the
most extreme environments.
• Methanogens, halophiles, and thermophiles are examples
of Archaebacteria.
ARCHAEA DOMAIN
( Kingdom Archaebacteria)
• Methanogens can survive
in places where there is
little to no oxygen, like
the digestive tracts of
animals and ponds.
• An important
characteristic of this
group is they produce
methane gas.
ARCHAEA DOMAIN
( Kingdom Archaebacteria)
• Halophiles are adapted to
very salty environments.
• Examples of halophiles are
Haloccocus dombrowski
and Halobacterium
salinarium.
ARCHAEA DOMAIN
( Kingdom Archaebacteria)
• Thermophiles can live in
places with high
temperature.
• These include volcanic
hot springs with
temperatures from 80 to
110˚C.
BACTERIA DOMAIN
( Kingdom Eubacteria)
• Members of Eubacteria are unicellular and
microscopic.
• They do not have true nucleus and organelles and
are regarded as the true bacteria.
• Their cell walls are made of peptidoglycan.
• Members of Domains Eubacteria and
Archaebacteria are called prokaryotes.
DOMAIN EUKARYA
• Eukarya consists of organisms that have a true
nucleus and structures called organelles that are
surrounded with by membranes.
• Organisms in the domain Eukarya keep their
genetic material in a nucleus and include the plants,
animals, fungi, and protists.
DOMAIN EUKARYA
( Kingdom Protista)
• Members of Kingdom Protista come from unrelated
ancestors thus, this grouping is referred to by
biologists as an artificial grouping.
• They can be classified into three groups: plant-like,
animal-like, and fungi-like protists.
• The grouping is based on their method of obtaining
energy and ability to locomote.
DOMAIN EUKARYA
( Kingdom Protista)
Phototrophs
1
(Plant-like)
Heterotrophs
2
(Animal-like)
Protozoan
3
(Fungi-like)
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Photoautotrophs)
• Photoautotrophs are like plants in that they have
chlorophyll, and they can produce their own food
through photosynthesis.
• These protists are generally considered as plant-like.
• This group includes the algae, dinoflagellates, and
euglenoids.
• Some of them have the ability to locomote (locomotory)
like dinoflagellates that can cause red tide, while others
are non-locomotory like the algae
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Photoautotrophs)
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Heterotrophs)
• Heterotrophs are those that obtain energy from organic
matter by feeding on other organisms.
• Some heterotrophic protists can also locomote by
means of pseudopodia, cilia, or flagella, hence, they are
referred to as animal-like protists because of their
heterotrophic and locomotory nature.
• Examples of these include Amoeba which uses
pseudopodia to locomote, Paramecium that uses cilia,
and Trypanosoma that uses flagella.
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Heterotrophs)
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Heterotrophs)
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Heterotrophs)
• A group of protists called
Sporozoa has members that
are non-locomotory because
of the absence of any
locomotory structure.
• An example of this is
Plasmodium, four species of
which are known causative
agents of malaria.
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Protozoan)
• The third group of protists are the fungi-like
protists that are classified based on their similarity
in characteristics to fungi in that they reproduce by
forming spores and are considered as saprotrophic.
• Saprobes or saprotrophs are organisms that derive
energy from organic matter, hence, they are
considered as heterotrophs.
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Protozoan)
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Protozoan)
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Protozoan)
• Examples of this are slime molds and water molds.
Both are known decomposers in their habitats.
KINGDOM PROTISTA
( Protozoan)
DOMAIN EUKARYA
( Kingdom Fungi)
DOMAIN EUKARYA
( Kingdom Fungi)
• Fungi are eukaryotic, non-vascular, non-motile and
heterotrophic organisms.
• They may be unicellular or filamentous.
• They reproduce by means of spores and exhibit the
phenomenon of alternation of generation.
• Fungi lack chlorophyll and hence cannot perform
photosynthesis.
DOMAIN EUKARYA
( Kingdom Fungi)
• Yeast is the type of fungi which exist as the
single cell, reproduce asexually, and are used
in food, beverages, etc.
• On the other hand, molds are multicellular
with hyphae that makes the vegetative form of
the fungus called mycelium and may function
for the absorption of nutrients.
DOMAIN EUKARYA
( Kingdom Fungi)
DOMAIN EUKARYA
( Kingdom Fungi)
• An important mold to
mention is Penicillium
notatum, which is used
in making penicillin, a
drug that kills disease-
causing bacteria.
DOMAIN EUKARYA
( Kingdom Plantae)
• They are multicellular and because they have
chlorophyll, they can make their own food.
• Plants consist of two big groups: those which
do not have tissues to transport water and
food (nonvascular) and those that have such
transport system (vascular).
DOMAIN EUKARYA
( Kingdom Plantae)
VASCULAR PLANTS
NON-VASCULAR PLANTS
ANGIOSPERMS
• Reproduction: Angiosperms reproduce with flowers.
• Seeds: Angiosperms have seeds that are enclosed within
fruits.
• Flowers: Angiosperms have colorful and often fragrant
flowers.
• Fruit Production: Angiosperms produce fruits, which are
protective structures that develop from fertilized flowers.
• Diversity: Angiosperms are more diverse and include a wide
variety of plants, such as trees, shrubs, herbs, and grasses.
ANGIOSPERMS
(classified according to their lifespan)
• Annual- live for a year or one growing season
and die.
• Biennials- develop roots, stems, and leaves
during the first year, produce seeds on the
second year then die.
• Perennials- live for many years, usually
producing woody stems.
GYMNOSPERMS
• Reproduction: Gymnosperms reproduce with
cones.
• Seeds: Gymnosperms have "naked" seeds that are
not enclosed in fruits.
• Flowers: Gymnosperms do not have flowers.
• Fruit Production: Gymnosperms do not produce
fruits.
• Diversity: Gymnosperms are less diverse and are
mainly represented by evergreen trees.
GYMNOSPERMS
