(Specialization of MBA-Executive) Child Psychology

Motivation and Emotion

1. Binet And Terman Would Have Been Most Likely To Disagree About The:
A) Extent To Which Intelligence Is Determined By Heredity.
B) Need To Standardize Intelligence Tests.
C) Possibility Of Predicting People's Academic Success From Intelligence Test Scores.
D) Extent To Which Individuals Differ In Their Intellectual Abilities.
2. Twelve-Year-Old Jerry Has An IQ Of 75 On The Original Version Of The Stanford-Binet. His
Mental Age Is:
A) 8. B) 9. C) 10.
D) 12. E) 16.
3. In Order To Assess Whether Intelligence Is A Single Trait Or A Collection Of Several Distinct
Abilities, Psychologists Have Made Extensive Use Of:
A) The Normal Distribution. B) Criterion-Based Validation.
C) Standardization. D) Reliability Assessment.
E) Factor Analysis.
4. Which Of The Following Persons Best Illustrates Sternberg And Wagner's Concept Of Practical
Intelligence?
A) Jamal, A College Student Who Quickly Recognizes The Correct Answers To Multiple-
Choice Test Questions
B) Gareth, A Graduate Student Who Generates Many Creative Research Ideas
C) Shelley, A Newspaper Reporter Who Has A Knack For Making Connections With Very
Important People
D) Cindy, A Young Mother Who Prefers Playing With Her Children To Cleaning Her House
5. Brain Size (Adjusted For Body Size) Is ________ Correlated With Intelligence, And The Brain's
Rate Of Glucose Consumption While Performing Cognitive Tasks Is ________ Correlated With
Intelligence.
A) Positively; Negatively B) Negatively; Positively
C) Positively; Positively D) Negatively; Negatively
6. If Both Depressed And Nondepressed Individuals Receive Similar Scores On A Diagnostic Test
For Depression, It Is Said That The Test:
A) Has Not Been Standardized. B) Is Not Valid.
C) Is Not Reliable. D) Has Not Been Factor-Analyzed.
E) Does Not Produce Scores That Form A Normal Distribution.
7. The Best Indicator Of Infants' Intellectual Aptitude Is Their:
A) Readiness To Crawl At An Early Age.
B) Capacity For Imitating Adult Facial Expressions.
C) Tendency To Quickly Shift Their Gaze From A Familiar To A Novel Picture.
D) Ability To Discriminate Their Mother's Voice From That Of A Female Stranger.
E) Head Circumference At Birth In Relation To Their Total Weight.
8. Grouping Children In Separate Educational Classes According To Their Level Of Intellectual
Aptitude Tends To ________ Their Self-Esteem And ________ Their Academic Achievement.
A) Increase; Increase B) Increase; Decrease
C) Decrease; Decrease D) Decrease; Have Little Effect On
E) Increase; Have Little Effect On
9. Which Of The Following Suggestions Would Be LEAST Helpful To A Young Performing Artist
Who Wants To Become A Highly Creative Ballet Dancer?
A) "Study The Performances Of The World's Best Ballet Artists."
B) "Develop Friendly And Supportive Relationships With Fellow Ballet Dancers."
C) "Win Competitive Performances That Will Lead To Performance Arts Scholarship
Offers."
D) "Take Time For Those Practice Drills That You Find Most Enjoyable."
10. The Similarity Between The Intelligence Test Scores Of Identical Twins Raised Apart Is:
A) Less Than That Between Children And Their Biological Parents.
B) Equal To That Between Identical Twins Reared Together.
C) Equal To That Between Fraternal Twins Reared Together.
D) Greater Than That Between Ordinary Siblings Reared Together.
11. The Intelligence Test Scores Of Adopted Children Are LEAST Likely To Be Positively
Correlated With The Scores Of Their Adoptive Siblings During:
A) Middle Childhood. B) Early Adolescence.
C) Middle Adolescence. D) Early Adulthood.
12. Experts Who Defend Intelligence Tests Against The Charge Of Being Culturally Biased And
Discriminatory Would Be Most Likely To Highlight The ________ Of Intelligence Tests.
A) Normal Distribution B) Content Validity
C) Predictive Validity D) Reliability
E) Standardization
13. Needs Are ________ Correlated With ________.
A) Positively; Incentives B) Negatively; Incentives
C) Positively; Drives D) Negatively; Drives
14. Which Theory Would Be Most Likely To Predict That Rats Are Motivated To Explore Precisely
Those Areas Of An Experimental Maze Where They Receive Mild Electrical Shocks?
A) Arousal Theory B) Incentive Theory
C) Instinct Theory D) Drive-Reduction Theory
15. The Arousal Theory Of Motivation Would Be Most Useful For Understanding The Aversive
Effects Of:
A) Extrinsic Motivation. B) Sexual Disorders.
C) Hunger. D) Boredom.
E) Anorexia Nervosa.
16. On The Basis Of Maslow's Hierarchy Of Needs, One Would Be Least Likely To Predict That A:
A) Starving Person Might Sell His Child To Obtain Food.
B) Teacher With High Self-Esteem Might Seek A Career Change To Use His Abilities More
Fully.
C) Successful Business Executive Might Show Greater Concern For His Family
Relationships Than For Becoming President Of His Corporation.
D) Prisoner Might Choose To Die Rather Than Betray His Country.
17. Destruction Of The Ventromedial Hypothalamus Of A Rat Is Most Likely To:
A) Lower Its Set Point For Body Weight. B) Cause It To Stop Eating.
 C) Lower Its Blood Insulin Level.
D) Facilitate Conversion Of Its Blood Glucose To Fat.
18. Twenty-Two-Year-Old Tawana Is Slightly Overweight And Loves To Eat, Particularly Snack
Foods And Rich Desserts. Fearful Of Becoming Overweight, She Frequently Takes A Laxative
After Eating Too Much. Tawana Most Clearly Suffers From:
A) Bulimia Nervosa. B) Anorexia Nervosa.
C) Extrinsic Motivation. D) An Abnormally High Set Point.
E) Hypermetabolism.
19. The Drive-Reduction Theory Of Motivation Is More Applicable To Hunger Than To Sex
Because, Unlike Hunger, Sexual Desire Is Not A Direct Response To:
A) A Physiological Need. B) An External Incentive.
C) Hypothalamic Activity. D) Any Of The Above.
20. Foolish Conformity To Peer Pressure Is Most Likely To Be Motivated By ________ Needs.
A) Safety B) Belongingness
C) Achievement D) Self-Actualization E) Sexual
21. Parents Who Wish To Strengthen Their Children's Achievement Motivation Should Be Advised
To:
A) Encourage Children At An Early Age To Handle Responsibility Without Parental Help.
B) Tell Their Children That Failure In Life Brings Suffering.
C) Warmly Accept And Praise Their Children Regardless Of Whether They Succeed Or Fail.
D) Recognize That Young Children Can't Be Expected To Do Things Successfully Without
Parental Help.
22. In Order To Encourage Achievement Motivation In The Classroom, Students Should Be Taught
To Attribute Their Good Grades To:
A) Their Own Hard Work. B) Their Own High Level Of Intelligence.
C) The Easy Nature Of Most Academic Tasks.
D) Their Teachers' Generous Grading Standards.
E) Their Parents Effective Supervision Of Their Study Time.
23. In Terms Of Maslow's Motivational Hierarchy, The Higher-Level Needs Of Employees Are Most
Likely To Be Satisfied By:
 A) Theory X Managers. B) Monetary Incentives.
C) Task Leadership. D) Participative Management.
24. With A Single Transplanted Gene, Scientists Can Now Cause Male ________ To Display
Homosexual Behavior.
A) Rats B) Chimpanzees
C) Dogs D) Fruit Flies
25. Yang Just Spent An Evening Watching Pornographic Movies Of Attractive Women Who
Actually Seemed To Enjoy Being Sexually Molested. This Experience Is Most Likely To Lead
Yang To:
A) See His Own Girlfriend As Sexually Unreceptive.
B) Perceive Himself As Sexually Impotent.
C) Be More Willing To Hurt Women.
D) Feel Unsure About His Gender Identity.
E) View Sexual Promiscuity As Morally Wrong.
26. The Basic Components Of Emotion Are:
A) Sympathetic Arousal, Parasympathetic Inhibition, And Cognitive Labeling.
B) Physical Gestures, Facial Expressions, And Psychological Drives.
C) Expressive Behaviors, Physiological Arousal, And Conscious Experience.
D) Cognition, Affect, And Behavior.
27. The Fact That Facial Expressions Of Emotion Tend To Intensify The Experience Of Emotion
Serves To Support The:
A) Catharsis Hypothesis. B) Cannon-Bard Theory.
C) James-Lange Theory. D) Adaptation-Level Theory.
E) Opponent-Process Theory.
28. Tranquilizing Drugs That Inhibit Sympathetic Nervous System Activity Often Effectively Reduce
People's Subjective Experience Of Intense Fear And Anxiety. Which Theory Of Emotion Would
Have The Greatest Difficulty Explaining This Effect?
A) James-Lange B) Cannon-Bard
C) Two-Factor
D) All The Above Would Have Equal Difficulty Explaining This Effect.
29. While Completing A Final Exam, Karen Labels Her Arousal As Energizing, Whereas Mike
Labels His Arousal As Threatening. The Emotional Experiences Of The Two Test Takers Are
Likely To Differ The Most With Respect To:
A) Duration. B) Intensity.
C) Adaptation Level. D) Valence.
30. Research On The Nonverbal Expression Of Emotion Indicates That:
A) The Body Movements And Gestures Used To Express Emotions Are The Same
Throughout The World.
B) It Is Difficult To Use Nonverbal Cues In Order To Mislead Others About One's True
Emotions.
C) Introverts Are Better Than Extraverts At Recognizing Nonverbal Expressions Of Emotion
In Others.
D) Accurately Identifying Emotional Facial Expressions In People From Different Cultures
Requires Personal Experience With Those Cultures.
31. Research On Nonverbal Communication Indicates That:
A) Very Young Children's Facial Expressions Of Emotion Are Very Difficult To Interpret.
B) Children Learn The Facial Expressions Associated With Emotion By Observing Adults.
C) Blind Children Who Have Never Observed Others Demonstrate Normal Facial
Expressions Of Emotion.
D) Boys Are Better Than Girls At Recognizing Nonverbal Expressions Of Emotion.
E) Children Are Unable To Interpret Facial Expressions Until They Reach Adolescence.
32. Which Of The Following Children Is Most Likely To Calm Down Emotionally Shortly After
Venting His Anger?
A) Jack, Who Attacks His Older Brother For Spitting At Him
B) Jeremiah, Who Attacks His Younger Brother For Spitting At Him
C) Jed, Who Attacks His Older Brother For No Good Reason At All
D) Jason, Who Attacks His Younger Brother For No Good Reason At All
33. During The Last Four Decades, The Spendable Income Of Americans (Adjusting For Inflation)
Has ________ And Their Self-Reported Personal Happiness Has ________.
A) Remained Almost Unchanged; Decreased
B) Increased; Remained Almost Unchanged
 C) Remained Almost Unchanged; Increased
D) Remained Almost Unchanged; Remained Almost Unchanged
34. Jason Is An Unsuccessful Businessman Who Feels Depressed. In Order To Increase His
Satisfaction And Happiness With Life, Jason Should:
A) Imagine What His Own Life Might Be Like If He Became Rich And Famous.
B) Compare Himself With Friends Who Became Rich And Successful.
C) Identify How His Own Foolish Decisions And Lack Of Foresight Have Contributed To
His Unhappiness.
D) Recall Past Moments When His Life Was Much More Pleasant Than It Is Now.
E) Imagine What His Life Might Be Like If He Were Suffering From A Fatal Disease.
35. The Opponent-Process Theory Would Predict That With Repeated Use Of An Addictive
Euphoria-Producing Drug, The Drug User Would Begin To Experience Pleasant Highs ________
And Unpleasant Withdrawal Reactions ________.
A) More Intensely; More Intensely B) Less Intensely; Less Intensely
C) More Intensely; Less Intensely D) Less Intensely; More Intensely
36. Which Of The Following Factors Has Been Found To Be Clearly Related To Feelings Of General
Happiness Or Life Satisfaction?
A) Being Well Educated B) Having Children
C) Being Over 50 Years Old D) Having A Meaningful Religious Faith
E) Being Physically Attractive
37. Rannilt Was Euphoric After Learning Of Her Acceptance Into The Medical School Of Her
Choice. After A Few Weeks, However, She Feels No Emotional Excitement When She Thinks
About Her Admission To Medical School. This Change In Her Feelings Can Best Be Explained
In Terms Of The:
A) Catharsis Hypothesis. B) Relative Deprivation Principle.
C) Opponent-Process Theory. D) Cannon-Bard Theory.
E) Adaptation-Level Phenomenon.
38. A Psychotherapist Suggests That Theresa Can Effectively Reduce The Anger She Feels Toward
Her Ex-Boyfriend By Tearing Pictures Of Him Into Little Pieces. This Suggestion Illustrates The
Therapist's Acceptance Of The:
A) Catharsis Hypothesis. B) Adaptation-Level Principle.
 C) James-Lange Theory. D) Two-Factor Theory.
E) Relative Deprivation Principle.
39. Tranquilizing Drugs That Inhibit Sympathetic Nervous System Activity Often Effectively Reduce
People's Subjective Experience Of Intense Fear And Anxiety. Which Theory Of Emotion Would
Have The Greatest Difficulty Explaining This Effect?
A) James-Lange B) Cannon-Bard
C) Two-Factor
D) All The Above Would Have Equal Difficulty Explaining This Effect.
40. While Completing A Final Exam, Karen Labels Her Arousal As Energizing, Whereas Mike
Labels His Arousal As Threatening. The Emotional Experiences Of The Two Test Takers Are
Likely To Differ The Most With Respect To:
A) Duration. B) Intensity.
C) Adaptation Level. D) Valence.