evelopment i
ECT fy a
ma ve ces
chop fealty of
pevelopment at foie
yopic : Human m on
Index e
WHat 1S
pt is 2
OVERALL LAYOUT OF THE pROJECT Shay i
1. Teonomic Projet Fite 1" Shee) *e velopmne
F Name of the Project (2% Shoot) eee
5. Acknowledgement (3% Sheet) ae
14 Centfcate (4" Sheet) aa
5. index = (5" SI Q (x) HDI aspects of India sets
ma pjective of Choosing this Prejeet 1 ny nd is Lagsng in DP aoe
(ji) Introduction iy What is the trend due to BDH? country
Gil) What is HDI iy What are the advantages of wing county
(ix) History of the HDI Concept Wg measure of Welfare? ‘The bh
(@) Origin of HD} faivy What are the limitation ofthe sing expen
(1) edicts of Us HDI rie Gage Study of Norway ism
2 i ao ce coms S
(ix) Global HDI Ranking (Top and Lowest 10) (xvii) Bibliography ea
nati
the
OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT =
have chosen this project on the ‘Topic Human Development Index because of the following rese inc
> To know about the real meaning of Human Development. a
2 i
> To understand why per capita income on GDP is not enough to measure Human Developme, ry
» To know about what lead to the origin of HDI. 1
i
> So as to understand the different aspects of HDI of India.
Also, to discuss about why India is so behind in HDI ranking.
> f possible to being change in HDI likely of India in whatever way possible.
INTRODUCTION
Before we talk about what is HDI? What is its meaning, si
called a growth and development,
So basically growth is a quantitative term, it can be positive as well as negative w!
ignificance. Let us first understand about 2
here as
Goyal Brohers
cy svelopment is qualititative
6 aspects whi
y for instance. The po hich is always
ities like housing, health, et
cation ap
Positive,
ty grow but it fs not necessary seein
ity of life, opportunities, fh = et ot spon ame
er reedom ete there ore so many ay
roduced by De. Malibab-ubeeq od he Geetaet ie ee
Lhe and he described devel
lopment as people's
ess 10 resources, health and educatt
tion of
@ plac
rhe ©
noice, a€°
sr ow fets actually talk about what dy
we mean by HDL
war IS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (Ho
Very High above 0.808 49 )
High between 0.700 up to 0.807 53
Medium between 0.556 up to 0.699 42
Low below 0.555 43
GLOBAL HDI RANKINGS—TOP TEN COUNTRIES
RANK et R A] ADI
} ae NDEs } 0.957
5 - ent 0.955
_|______ SWITZERLAND E 0.955
4 a HONG KONG, CHINA 0.949
‘Sl Se eEEANDY IB 0.949
7 _ __ 0947
8 0.945
9 tn. Se 0,
ic ee lee saa
ies DI = ee0)
—|___ DENMARK ida ey
LOWEST TEN COUNTRIES IN HDI
1 a SS —
{ NIGER :
B TRAD ARE us 0.394
= CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC 0397
4 =e a 0398
z BURUNDI .
= } SOUTH SUDAN 0.433
6 cae ete 0.433
Z . a ~ es
? fr. BURKINA FAso st 0.434
pi 0.45
os; SIERRA LEONE - 452
7 MOZAMBIQUE t 0.452
a ERITERIA 0.456
0.459
Goyal Brothers Prakashe' sya door these HDI Sr ndiatag
Co asioully Wa coun Wa
Jevelopment and between 1-0.788 it is considered comitry with Wig aa
ifs Satay lower than 0.48 then it a Soe
[HO DS WH i
ee iT — =
Ty
ae SECO cae
Orin:
aoe ote
2. Australia 4 essa
India
Bencladesh i [2200
Poker a
‘considered as low Human Development,
3, Switzerland
4. Denmark
5, Netherlands
————
| Country
|,
| India
[Bangladesh | amen a 221 | 16.1
[Pakistan —— (23 |
i South Asia a |S 16 \
HE «15 i rn)
HDI ASPECTS OF INDIA
¢ India ranks - 131
HDI - 0.586
« Gain of 0.003 HDI from previous year.
Comes under medium human development
countries.
Indicators:
> Life expectancy at birth (by UN).
Overall - 64.19 years(Rank 147).
Male - 62.80 years.
Female - 65.73 years.
> Education index : 0.47.
> Mean years of schoolin|
> GNI Gross National Income) per
capita at PPP ; $5350 (rank 127).
HUMAN DEVELOPEMENT
RT) Weer tac
129 10 131
5.1 (rank 65).
Project Work in Economics (Class-X1) nan Development Index: Trend INDIA’S HDI TRENDS
India’s Har
ee hat since 1990, the HDI value of ¥
The Tepe sie 10 0.645 from 0.429, registering wn bsqielney sith mHDIalve = Croc wars 5
ine nt 3 DE sy ay 2 ae
extn ot ingen a nen 2
while mean yovrng this. while, the expected years 0 ¥ i :
alee tag's years. Moreover, during on af
Bk ae 8 pita of India also increased, 0
sud ONT pets j rs
| iatring a rise of nad "
B
i 14
spared to other countries
India's HDI trends comps suntries
compared India’s value in the ith Lo . 5
au Meters Bangladesh and 0 im mm to 00 205 06 i og
other countries in South Asia, viz,
3 As against India’s rank at 131, Bangladesh a
rd position, while Pakistan stood at 154th place, In the South Asian region, India’s HDi, 30
stands at .641, while India is also above the average value of 0.631 3h
Pakistan.
ranked at the P
more than the region's average which sta
among the medium HDI category countries.
INDIA'S PROGRESS IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
India's human development ; Loss in human development due to inequality
grows slower than before
india HOI m World HOI
0.581
0.600
2012 0.709 jee
2014 718 130 :
— oc:
2015 0.722 134 i
Overall oss du to inequalty in at primary indicators
Loss due to income inequality Figura in a 5 of HE)
il
|
India| Pakistan |Bangladesh| South | Medium
Asia | HO
0.636
(0.640
2017 0.728 130
HDI ranking of all the states of India
________ High human development
countries:
Medium human development
eee Territor | HDI (2019) | Rank State/Union Territory HDI (2019)
ie ek __|_0.782_ 15 Maharashtra 0,691
hoe — 0.776 16 | Manipur 0.691
aE | 0.76317 Jammu and Kashmir 0.688
| 50
Goyal Brothers Praka™
Sd i s 0.746
and Nicobar Islands | 0.741
\32
\33._| Madhya Pradesh
(34 | Sharkhand
0.613 (35 _| Uttar Pradesh 0.596
36 | Bihar sta
Project Work in Economics (Class-XIl) NKING?
1a SO BEHIND TN HO ean rank which was 130 so what happened that the a)
ead of ip
ome ngs on other HDI indices of
r in
e ualities amplify fail
ome inequality,
Lagain
pore e lower in countries with high-in
Reasons for 1nd!
* ich Cn germ ace to quality healthcare, education, and o aed
development eee Jeger ‘mequalty, In Indie, the income growts of the
caret avndl in income inequality opportu J
a a i pmticnly below the average income growth org, #5
if 40% between 000 sh :
entire population ( how female per capita income i India as only 21.8% of that of rata “
Gender Inequality: Numbah "1 40% in other developing countries %
: S heaton rk ne of females in India is mainly because of their exclusion from
jabour force the working-age group were in the labour force a
Only 20.5%
suman development improv Some poorer countries do
: ae than India in human better he
La Ce et ere aa
but sluggishly Is gender inequality and the suicide rate Viera, ego bing pr au
poate “ =<
=) =a =
¢ : 833 | i (201 PPPS) see an eariens
Sle ee
sus
= | °o 6353 553 at
35) 3677
(3s)
rs ack Male
e Per capita. Male
Life expectany at bith ye2)
Le expecaney Be,
7 ora, ee
a ale = ne
70.4
err ‘ Female hs
ee 200 (orz00) | 174 tor205)
Cee ate ets) é aanetael
sere 346 62203)
Gera eas) one Maternal mortality ratio
Undertvemeraty rato | 56 unm) | 43 Garam) er onvo ve rs) wos | m4) st
_ Infant mortality |
Sumtng imoderneorseere) | oy comox) |37.9% aooaon) (per 000 NeDiths) noe |aa6| 73 | 22
Gute rate 5 (ix208200] 53 qonoz07) Under five mora |
See cee] geen enone mw a ae | oe
Suicide ate (er 100.000 people) ‘Suicide rate per 100,000 people |
Femate 7B (2003-09) 14.2 2015) Male 25/179) 13 | 53
ae 13 Gomeon | 179.008 Female |ros|ua2 34] 66
© Cumulative Impact: The cumulative impact of these factors spills over across generations. It is tis
intergenerational cycle which denies opportunities to those at the bottom of the pyramid.
° ad een pegiieR While the size of economic resources is a key factor affecting humat
; the distribution and allocation of thes s mining
te leva of buen deveopnact these resources also play a major role in determining
52
Goyal Brothers Prakash soo Governance Reforms:
partici
nder EMP!
ey are intesr
tory democracy
positlvl
ative trends over the a
frail regions:
most people today live longer, are
educated and have more
and services than
sst 28 years
However, we note that as the HDI
reyes nave been rising across all
regions and human development
groups, the rates Vary significantly.
South Asia was the fastest growing
von over 1990-2017, at 45.3
nt, followed by East & t
» Pacific at 41.8 percer
at 34.9 percent.
th
Saharan Africa
BENIFIT OF USIN
Apart from the fact that HDI gave @
1s with human centred approach. Wi
advantages of using HDI.
Pros
1, Wide use: HDI indicators are us'
development and global ec:
2. Increased infrastructure:
improvement in the
Project Work in Economics (Class-XH)
artng af the Finances: Saini
i ota atps lke rationalised targeting Bsa
ing of subsidl
iG HUMAN DEVELO!
much fall picture
th more actual human W
ed worldwide. Count
nomic patterns.
Increase in the
country’s infrastruc’
* eve approach
vente Str development etc will prob approach of generat
! 1 probably mect the financial requirement eed Oe secs in
/equirements for
needed for improv
ing HDI.
tive
Gar ive performane
1 Gt sector development thro ance evaluation
use wile — an imovetive methods ks oem WOME eee
sown to yield pode teu > oameeeer Rae aces
E auditing and ,
werment: Gove
0" Government should invest in Ger
I to human development ender equality and wo
omen’s empowerment, as
| TRENDS IN THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX
‘Haman Devolopment ade ses, by couty pig 19
ans dome caer
VrenGecepet er
ey toh ri
(Caos
oxo Wie
ih
(bro-ona
om —
oan
PMENT INDEX
of how well a developed @ country 'S, Ttalso prov
elfare than just mere economic. So hare are s
ries use HDI to compare their level of ect
education Jevel and health of individuals leads
ture.
a