ASSIGNMENT 1

WRITE A SHORT NOTE ON INTERNET AND DEFINE TYPES OF NETWORK?

The Internet in essence is a network system of the interconnected computer systems

globally, that is available to everyone. These interconnected computer systems work by
sending data by way of a particular form of packet switching which is known as the IP or the
internet protocol. To put it differently, the Internet is truly a worldwide system of
interconnected computer networks designed to use the standard Internet Protocol Suite
(TCP/IP).
It’s a network of networks which incorporates a great number of private, public, academic,
business, and govt networks, of local to global range, that are connected with a vast array of
electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Net posesses a huge variety of
data resources and services, like the inter-linked hypertext docs of the World Wide Web
(WWW) as well as the infrastructure to allow for electronic mail.

The application of IP in the Internet is the essential element of the network, mainly because
they provide the services of the internet, via various tiers organization through the IP data
packets. There are numerous protocols which are the sub-classes of the IP Internet protocol
itself, such as the TCP, and the HTTP.

The Internet doesn’t have central governance either in technological setup or guidelines for
entry and usage; every single constituent network establishes its very own standards. Just
the overreaching definitions of the 2 primary name spaces in the Internet, the Internet
Protocol address space and the Domain Name System, are focused by a maintainer
organization, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). The
technological underpinning and standardization of the key protocols (IPv4 and IPv6) is surely
an activity of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a non-profit institution of loosely
associated global members which anyone may associate with by contributing technological
know-how.
Additionally, Internet enables you to gather information from various websites on several
subjects. This information could possibly relate to education, medicinal drugs, literature,
computer software, computers, business, entertainment, etc. Internet can also be employed
for undertaking business operations and that set of operations is referred to as Electronic
Commerce (e-commerce).
The Internet carries many network services, most prominent mobile apps such as social
media apps, the World Wide Web, email, multi-player games, Internet telephony, and file
sharing service.

11 Types of Networks in Use Today

1. Personal Area Network (PAN)

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The smallest and most basic type of network, a PAN is made up of a wireless modem, a
computer or two, phones, printers, tablets, etc., and revolves around one person in one
building. These types of networks are typically found in small offices or residences, and are
managed by one person or organization from a single device.
2. Local Area Network (LAN)
We’re confident that you’ve heard of these types of networks before – LANs are the most
frequently discussed networks, one of the most common, one of the most original and one
of the simplest types of networks. LANs connect groups of computers and low-voltage
devices together across short distances (within a building or between a group of two or
three buildings in close proximity to each other) to share information and resources.
Enterprises typically manage and maintain LANs.
Using routers, LANs can connect to wide area networks (WANs, explained below) to rapidly
and safely transfer data.
3. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)
Functioning like a LAN, WLANs make use of wireless network technology, such as Wi-Fi.
Typically seen in the same types of applications as LANs, these types of networks don’t
require that devices rely on physical cables to connect to the network.
4. Campus Area Network (CAN)
Larger than LANs, but smaller than metropolitan area networks (MANs, explained below),
these types of networks are typically seen in universities, large K-12 school districts or small
businesses. They can be spread across several buildings that are fairly close to each other so
users can share resources.
5. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
These types of networks are larger than LANs but smaller than WANs – and incorporate
elements from both types of networks. MANs span an entire geographic area (typically a
town or city, but sometimes a campus). Ownership and maintenance is handled by either a
single person or company (a local council, a large company, etc.).
6. Wide Area Network (WAN)
Slightly more complex than a LAN, a WAN connects computers together across longer
physical distances. This allows computers and low-voltage devices to be remotely connected
to each other over one large network to communicate even when they’re miles apart.
The Internet is the most basic example of a WAN, connecting all computers together around
the world. Because of a WAN’s vast reach, it is typically owned and maintained by multiple
administrators or the public.
7. Storage-Area Network (SAN)
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As a dedicated high-speed network that connects shared pools of storage devices to several
servers, these types of networks don’t rely on a LAN or WAN. Instead, they move storage
resources away from the network and place them into their own high-performance
network.SANs can be accessed in the same fashion as a drive attached to a server. Types of
storage-area networks include converged, virtual and unified SANs.
8. System-Area Network (also known as SAN)
This term is fairly new within the past two decades. It is used to explain a relatively local
network that is designed to provide high-speed connection in server-to-server applications
(cluster environments), storage area networks (called “SANs” as well) and processor-to-
processor applications. The computers connected on a SAN operate as a single system at
very high speeds.
9. Passive Optical Local Area Network (POLAN)
As an alternative to traditional switch-based Ethernet LANs, POLAN technology can be
integrated into structured cabling to overcome concerns about supporting traditional
Ethernet protocols and network applications such as PoE (Power over Ethernet). A point-to-
multipoint LAN architecture, POLAN uses optical splitters to split an optical signal from one
strand of singlemode optical fiber into multiple signals to serve users and devices.
10. Enterprise Private Network (EPN)
These types of networks are built and owned by businesses that want to securely connect
its various locations to share computer resources.
11. Virtual Private Network (VPN)
By extending a private network across the Internet, a VPN lets its users send and receive
data as if their devices were connected to the private network – even if they’re not. Through
a virtual point-to-point connection, users can access a private network remotely.