lOMoARcPSD|13766895

Reviewer IN Mapeh 3RD Grading

Corporate Law (Kingfisher School of Business and Finance)

Scan to open on Studocu

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

Downloaded by Jandel gwen solon (jandelgwensolon@gmail.com)
 lOMoARcPSD|13766895

REVIEWER IN MAPEH 3 RD GRADING

Music of Romantic Period 1820-1910 - MUSIC

Romantic period
 is describe as cultural movement that stressed emotion, imagination, individualism and freedom of
expression.
Characteristic
 Use extreme expressions and emotions
 A freedom of expression
 Expansion of orchestra
 Emphasis on lyrical melodies
 Love, nature, religion and nationalism are it’s main theme
 It focused on the meaning on the meaning an purpose behind the music and its main objective was to get an
emotional reaction from it’s audience
Features
Nationalism – Composers used materials from the Exoticism – Uses influences from foreign lands in their
history of their native country to highlight their culture compositions
ROMANTIC PERIOD
Harmony and Melody
 Lyrical, Poetic, emotional and expressive
 Chromatic
Rhythm and Tempo
 Compound rhythm
 Free rhythm
 Extensive use of accelerandos and ritardandos
 Rubato or the subtle rhythm
 Manipulation and nuance became popular
Dynamics
 Frequent use of crescendos and decrescendos
 Extreme use of FF (very loud) to FFFF (as loudly as possible) and PP (very soft) to PPPP (as softly as possible)
Texture
 Diverse moons and emotions
 Enlargement of orchestra to a richer tone of color
Music of Romantic Period Vocal Form
Art song
 A composition for a solo voice or piano
 Vocal phase or work that place great importance in the written text or symbolic meaning of the text
Symphonic poem
 Also called ‘’throne poem’’ developed by Franz Liszt
 An orchestral piece that portrayed a story or had literary or artistic background
Music of the Romantic Period Instrumental Music
Piano
 Invented by Bartolomeo Cristofori
 It can produce both soft and loud sound unlike harpsichord and the organ
String instrument
 Classical instrument were still used
 Grew in number to balance the sound from the other group of the instrument
Woodwind instrument
 Composers added the flute, clarinet, oboe, English horn and piccolo
Brass-Percussion Instrument
 Gongs, bass, drum and snare drums were added
 Timpani is always used in orchestra
Program Music
 Is the unique feature of instrumental forms
 Conveys image or scene, music that tell a short story without text or lyrics and imaginative ideas

Downloaded by Jandel gwen solon (jandelgwensolon@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|13766895

Music of the Romantic Period Famous composers

Nicollo paganini
 Born on october 27, 1782, italy
 At age 5, he plays mandolin
 At age of 7 he transferred his training in violin
 Become famous violin virtuoso in the world
FAMOUS WORK:
 La campanella
 24 caprices for solo violin OP,6
 Concerto No.1 in eb, op 6
 15 quarters for guitar and strings trio
 The canival of venice

Frederic Chopin
 Born on march 1, 1810 Poland
 Was known as the “poet of the piano”
 Was considered world renowned pianist and composer
 At the age of 4 he started to play piano
 At the age of 7 he composed Polonaise
 Studied piano at Warsaw conservatory under Wilhelm Wurfel, and his music influenced by polish folk music
 Travelled to Europe giving concerts in Vienna, Munich, Paris and London he wrote exclusively for piano
 He met and married the famous French writer George sand
 In the latter part of his life, he was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis
 Chopin died on October 17, 1849 on Paris
 His composition express his love for Poland
PIANO WORKS
 Ballade – A base form usually consisting of three stanzas of eight or ten lines
 Etude – A piece composed for the development of a specific point of technique
 Mazurka – A polish dance
 Nocturne – An instrumental composition of pensive, dreamy mood.
 Polonaise – A stately, march like polish dance, promenade
 Prelude – An introductory performance, event, or action
 Waltz – A piece of music for this dance
 Sonata – Composition for one or solo instrument
Fredrick Chopin famous work
 Fantalsie in F minor, Op. 49
 Revolutionary etude
 Op. 10,No. 12
 24 preludes, Op.28
Franz Liszt
 Born Hungary
 Known as virtuoso pianist and composer and the busiest musician during romantic period
 At age 6, understand sight reading through the effort of his father.
 Dedicate himself doing piano music
 People consider him as generous composer by sharing both time and money to the orphans, victims of
disaster and taught music to many students for free.
Franz Liszt famous work
 Grand Etudes after Paganini
 12 transcendental etudes
 Sonata B minor
 Years of Pilgrimage (3 Vol)
 Operatic Fantasies
 Arrangement of the Q
 Beethoven Symphonies
 Hungarian Rhapsodies

Downloaded by Jandel gwen solon (jandelgwensolon@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|13766895

Robert Schumann
 Born in 1810 at Zwickau
 Famous composers and considered himself as heir to the original creative tradition of Beethoven and
Schubert
 IN 1834, he founded music journal where he edited and wrote numbers works for his publication
Robert Schumann famous works
 Abegg Variations, Opus 1
 Davidsbundler stanze, opus 6 (dances of band of David)
 Carnaval, opus 9 - a portrait of a masked ball attended by his allies and his beloved Clara
 Phantasistucke, Opus 12 - a series of mood pieces
 Kreisieriana, opus 16 - a fantasy of mad Kapellmeister
 Kinderszenen, opus 15 - a poetic series of evocations of a child’s worth
He wrote over 100 songs-
 Frauenliebe und Leben
 Dichterliebe
Orchestral music
 PIano concerto in a minor, Opus 54 finale, opus 52
Hector Berloiz
 Born in December 11, 1803
 Is a French romantic composer
 At young age he learn to play guitar and flute

Famous Work: Symphonie Fantastique

MOVEMENT TITLE TEMPO FORMS
1ST MOVEMENT Reveries/Passion Largo (slow introduction Allegro agitato e
appasionado assai (agitated and very
impassioned allegro)
2ND MOVEMENT A Ball Allegro non troppo The second movement ABA forms
is a waltz
3RD MOVEMENT Scene in the Country Adagio Waltz ABA Coda Form
4TH MOVEMENT March to the Scaffold Allegretto non troppo Composed of two different themes
5TH MOVEMENT Dream of a Witches Larghetto Allegro Most fantastic of the movement
Sabbath

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky

 Born on May 7, 1840 Russia
 Was known for his ballet music
 Studied law and became law clerk in St. Petersburg
 Continued his music career in New York and conducted his works and experienced deal of fame
 Died due cholera
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky famous works
 Fatum
 Romeo and Juliet
 Swan lake
 Sleeping beauty
 The nutcracker
 1812 overture
 Symphony no.2
 Symphony no.6
 Piano Corcerto No.1

Camille Saint-Saens
 Born on October 9, 1835
 At age 2, started music and played piano
 At age 3 began composing piano piece
 Considered as a composer who creates elegant music, neat, polished

Downloaded by Jandel gwen solon (jandelgwensolon@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|13766895

 An organist and the best pianist of his time

Camille Saint-Saens famous works
 Carnival of the animals
 Danse Macabre and his symphony no.9
 The swan
Over 300 works:
 3 operas
 3 symphonies
 3 concertos for violin and orchestra
 5 concertos for piano and orchestra

NEOCLASSICISM 1780-1840 - ARTS

NEOCLASSIC
 Came from the Greek word "neos" meaning NEW and Latin word "classicus" which means FIRST CLASS
 Western movement in decorative and visual arts
 Applies to literature, theater, music and architecture
 Age of Enlightenment"
CHARACTERISTIC
 Portrayal of Roman history
 Formal composition
 Use of diagonals to show peak of emotion or movement
 Local color
 Over lighting
 Classic geo-structure
PAINTINGS - With historical accuracy Focused on costumes, settings and details
SCULPTURE - Artist to Roman styles during the time of Alexander the Great for inspiration as well as to mimic their styles
ARCHITECTURE- Style principally delivered from the architecture of Classical Greece and Rome Architectural design of the italian architect Andrea Pillado
NEOCLASSICISM FAMOUS ARTIST
JACQUES-LOUIS DAVID
 1748-1825
 French painter
 Subjects were more of history
Famous art works:
1. The Death of Marat
2. Napoleon Crossing the Alps
3. Oath of Horatii
JEAN AUGUSTINE-DOMINIQUE INGRES
 1780-1867, France
 Pupil of Jacques Louis-David
 His paintings are usually nudes, portraits and mythological themes
 One of the great exemplars of academic art
 One of the finest Old Masters of his era
Famous artworks:
1. Portrait of Napoleon on the Imperial Throne
2. The Apotheosis of Homer
ANTONIO CANOVA
 (1757-1822) Italy
 Was a prolific Italian sculptor who became famous for his marble sculptures that delicately rendered nude flesh.
 He opened the idea for portraying discrete sexual pleasures by using pure contours with his mythological
compositions
Famous works:
1. Psyche Awakened by Cupid's Kiss
2. Washington
BERTEL THORVALDSEN
 (1789-1838) Denmark
 Was the first internationally acclaimed Danish artist.
 He executed sculptures of mythological characters.
Famous artworks:

Downloaded by Jandel gwen solon (jandelgwensolon@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|13766895

1. Christ
2. Lion of Lucerne
TYPE OF NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
 Temple style
 Palladian style
 Classical book style
TEMPLE STYLE
 Based on Ancient temples
 Features peristyle (continuous line of columns around a building)
• Examples of temple style building:
1. Pantheon, Paris
2. British Museum, London
3. La Madeleine de Paris
PALLADIAN STYLE
 Based on Andrea Palladio's style of villa construction
 Features balustrade along the edge of the roof
 There are vertical supports within a balustrade know as "balusters" or "spindles".
 Classical method of crowning a building that has a flat or low lying roof
 One of the famous artist is:
 Robert Adam (1728-1792) Britain
- Designed two well known American civic buildings
- The White House and the United States Capitol
CLASSICAL BLOCK STYLE

 Features a rectangular or square plan with a flat roof and an exteriors rich in classical detail
 Classical block aesthetic was also known as "Beaux- Arts style"
 Classical block architecture also flourished in the United States
Famous Architects:
 Henri Labrouste – His masterpiece is the Library of Sainte- Genevieve
 Charles Garnier – Designed the most famous classical block of all which is the Palais Garnier

ROMANTICISM 1800s-1810s
ROMANTICISM
 Expression of emotion, both subtle and stormy
 Distinctive themes: longing for history, supernatural elements, social injustices and nature
CHARACTERISTIC
 Shows the height of action
 Emotional extremes
 Celebrated nature as out of control
 Dramatic compositions
 Heightened sensation
PAINTINGS – Emphasis on emotion. Expressed as much feeling and passion as it could be
SCULPTURE- Artist to Roman styles during the time of Alexander the Great for inspiration as well as to mimic their styles
ROMANTICISM FAMOUS ARTIST
JEAN LOUIS THEODORE GERICAULT

 First French master

 Leader of the French realistic school

 His master pieces were energetic, power

JEAN AUGUSTINE-DOMINIQUE INGRES

 1780-1867, France
 Pupil of Jacques Louis-David
 His paintings are usually nudes, portraits and mythological themes

Downloaded by Jandel gwen solon (jandelgwensolon@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|13766895

 One of the great exemplars of academic art

 One of the finest Old Masters of his era
Famous artworks:
1. Portrait of Napoleon on the Imperial Throne
2. The Apotheosis of Homer
ANTONIO CANOVA
 (1757-1822) Italy
 Was a prolific Italian sculptor who became famous for his marble sculptures that delicately rendered nude
flesh.
 He opened the idea for portraying discrete sexual pleasures by using pure contours with his mythological
compositions
Famous works:
1. Psyche Awakened by Cupid's Kiss
2. Washington
BERTEL THORVALDSEN
 (1789-1838) Denmark
 Was the first internationally acclaimed Danish artist.
 He executed sculptures of mythological characters.
Famous artworks:
1. Christ
2. Lion of Lucerne
FESTIVAL DANCES - PE
WHAT ARE FESTIVAL DANCES?
 Are cultural dances performed to the strong beats of percussion instruments by a community of people
sharing the same culture usually done in honor of a Patron Saint or in thanksgiving of a bountiful harvest.
 Festival dances draw peoples culture by portraying the people's way of life through movements, costumes
and implements inherent to their place of origin.
WHAT IS THE NATURE OF FESTIVAL DANCES?
 Festival dances may be:
- Religious
- Secular or Non- Religious
WHY DO FILIPINOS DO FESTIVALS?
 Filipinos do festivals primarily to celebrate
 We celebrate our unity amidst the diversity of cultures and;
 We celebrate our industry bringing about a bountiful harvest.
OTHER BENEFITS FROM DOING FESTIVALS
 Festivals have been a consistent crowd-producing activity leading to up-liftment of a community's economy
due to its tourism and entertainment value.
 It attracts foreign and domestic tourists to visit a place eventually leading to the elevation of the Filipino's
quality life. It attracts foreign and domestic tourists to visit a place eventually leading to the elevation of the
Filipino's quality life.
FESTIVAL DANCES ARE A REFLECTION OF THE UNITY OF THE FILIPINO COMMUNITY
NAME OF FESTIVAL PLACE OF ORIGIN RELIGIOUS FIGURE MONTH CELEBRATED
Sinulog Festival Cebu City Sto. Nino January
Dinagyang Festival Iloilo City Sto. Nino January
Ati-atihan Kalibo, Aklan Sto. Nino January
Penafrancia Bicol Virgin Mary September
Higantes Festival Angono, Rizal Saint Clement November
Longanisa Festival Vigan City, Ilocos Sur Saint Paul January
Kinabayo Festival Dapitan City James the Great July
Pintados de Pasi Passi City, Iloilo Sto. Nino March
Pattarradday Santiago City Senor San Tiago May
Sangayaw Festival Tacloban City Sto. Nino July
NAME OF FESTIVAL PLACE OF ORIGIN INDUSTRY MONTH CELEBRATED
Bangus Dagupan, Pangasinan Milkfish Industry April to May
Bambanti Isabela Scarecrow January

Downloaded by Jandel gwen solon (jandelgwensolon@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|13766895

Mammagui Ilagan Corn Industry May

Mango Iba, Zambales Mango Industry April
Panagbenga Bagiuo Flower Industry February
Ibon Ebon Pampanga Migratory Birds Egg Industry February
Masskara Bacolod City Mask ( Sugar Industry ) October
T’nalak South Cotabato Tinalak Cloth Weaving July
Ammungan Nueva Vizcaya Tribal Industries May
Binatbatan Vigan, Ilocos Sur Weaving Industry May
SOME FAMOUS RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS
SINULOG FESTIVAL
 A Religious Festival in honor of Sto. Nino held around January in Cebu City.
DINAGYANG FESTIVAL
 A Religious Festival in honor of Sto. Nino held around January in Iloilo City.
ATI-ATIHAN FESTIVAL
 A Religious Festival in honor of Sto. Nino held around January in Kalibo, Aklan.
SOME FAMOUS SECULAR FESTIVAL
BANGUS FESTIVAL
 A Non- Religious Festival in honor of the thanks-giving & bountiful harvest of Bangus held around April to
May in Dagupan, Pangasinan.
PANAGBENGA FESTIVAL
 A Non-Religious Festival in honor of the thanks-giving & bountiful harvest of Flowers held around April to
May in Baguio City.
BINATBATAN FESTIVAL
 A Non-Religious Festival in honor of the thanks-giving & celebration of peoples' Weaving Industry held
around May in Vigan, Ilocos Sur.

THE SIX CLASSIFICATION OF DRUG ABUSE - HEALTH

DRUGS
 A drug, is any substance that, when absorbed into the body of a living organism, alters normal bodily
function. Drugs are chemicals that change the way a person's body works by altering emotions and thoughts.
 DRUGS  DRUGS ABUSE  DRUGS DEPENDENCE (ADDICTION)
 Drug abuse is an intense desire to obtain increasing amounts of a particular substance. Drug dependence is
the body’s physical need, or addiction, to a specific agent. Over the long term, this dependence results in
physical harm and behavior problems which causes tolerance and cross tolerance. Thus, it creates a vicious cycle.
CONSUMPTION OF VARIOUS DRUGS
PAIN RELIVER – 19.0% HALLUCINOGENS – 2.0%
INHALANTS – 10.7% SEDATIVES – 1.1%
TRANQUILIZERS – 6.5% COCAINE – 0.6%
STIMULANTS – 4.1% MARIJUANA 56.2%
WHY DO SO MANY TEENAGERS START DOWN THIS POTENTAILLY DANGEROUS PATH?

Risk Factors Domain Protective Factors

Early Aggressive Behavior Individual Self-Control
Lack of Parental Supervision Family Parental Monitoring
Substance Abuse Peer Academic Competence
Drug Availability School Anti-drug Use Policies
Poverty Community Strong Neighborhood Attachment
THE SIX CLASSIFICATION OF DRUG ABUSE
1.GATEWAY DRUGS
 Are legal drugs that a non-drug user might try, which can lead him/her to more dangerous drugs such as
marijuana and shabu.
 Teenagers who engage in early smoking & drinking have higher chance of using and experimenting with
dangerous drugs of abuse.
2.DEPRESSANT DRUGS
 Slows down a persons central nervous system (brain, spinal cord, nerves).

Downloaded by Jandel gwen solon (jandelgwensolon@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|13766895

 Doctors commonly prescribe depressants to help people who have anger management issues, stressed or
tensed.
 Depressants relax muscles and nerves.
 These drugs make patients feel sleepy and light headed.
Examples are: alcohol, barbiturates & tranquilizers.
- A barbiturate is a drug that acts as a central nervous system depressant, and can therefore produce a wide
spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to total anesthesia. They are also effective as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and
anticonvulsants.
3.STIMULANT DRUGS DEPRESSANT DRUGS
 Speed up a persons central nervous system.
 Has the opposite effect of depressants.
 Makes a person's energy high Side effects are depression and tiredness.
Examples are amphetamines (shabu, caffeine, nicotine, cocaine)

 Amphetamine is a potent central nervous system stimulant that is used in the treatment of Attention Deficit
Disorder (ADD), narcolepsy, and obesity.
 Methamphetamine (SHABU) is a strong central nervous system stimulant that is mainly used as a recreational
drug and less commonly as a treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and obesity.
 Caffeine is a central nervous O system stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It is th world's most widely
consumed psychoactive drug. Unlike many other - psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in
nearly all parts of the world.
 Nicotine is a potent parasympathomimetic stimulant and an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants.
 Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant mostly used as a recreational drug. It is commonly snorted,
inha as smoke, or as a soluti injected into a vein.
4.NARCOTICS DEPRESSANT DRUGS
 Are drugs which relieve pain and induce sleepiness.
 These are prescribed to patients with mental disorders or with patients dealing with severe pain like cancer.
 These drugs are illicit and dangerous if taken.
Examples are cocaine, heroin and marijuana.

 Heroin, also known as morphine among other names, is an opioid most commonly used as a recreational
drug for its euphoric effects. Medically it is used in several countries to relieve pain.
 Marijuana refers to the dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds from the Cannabis sativa or Cannabis
indicaplant. The plant contains the mind- altering chemical THC and other similar compounds. It is also called
weed, herb, pot, grass, bud, ganja, Mary Jane, and a vast number of other slang terms.
5. HALLUCINOGENS
 Drugs which distort reality and facts.
 Affects all senses; makes a user feel, hear, see things that don't exist in the time being.
 Came from the word hallucinate (to perceive illusions)
Examples are: Lysergic Acid diethylamide, psilocybin (obtained from mushrooms and mescaline

 Lysergic acid diethylamide, also known as acid, is a psychedelic drug known for its psychological effects.
 Psilocybin mushrooms, also known as psychedelic mushrooms, are a polyphyletic group of mushrooms that
contain the psychedelic compounds psilocybin, psilocin and baeocystin. Common colloquial terms include
magic mushrooms and shrooms.
6. INHALANTS
 Found in ordinary household chemical products and anesthetics.
 Readily available and accessible to young children
 Inhalant toxins are similar to those of alcohol, the only difference is the foul smell.
 Abuse can lead to delusions, brain damage, liver damage, comatose and death.
 Examples are acetone, rugby (solvent), spray paints, cleaning fluids and air conditioner fluids (Freon).

Downloaded by Jandel gwen solon (jandelgwensolon@gmail.com)