KS3 Reproduction Test Level: _____
Name______________________________ Class_____ Date________
1 On the diagram, label the following parts:
penis testes scrotum sperm duct
[2]
2 On the diagram, label the following parts:
uterus ovary vagina cervix
[2]
3 During pregnancy, some substances pass from the mother’s blood to the baby’s blood.
Other substances pass from the baby’s blood to the mother’s blood.
Which way, if any, do the substances in the table pass?
Tick one box in each row.
passes from the passes from the does not pass between
substance mother’s blood to baby’s blood to the mother’s blood and
the baby’s blood the mother’s blood the baby’s blood
poisons from
cigarette smoke
oxygen
digested food
carbon dioxide
[4]
5 If a pregnant woman drinks beer or wine, some of the alcohol passes to the unborn baby.
Alcohol can stop the baby’s brain developing properly.
a Join the boxes with three arrows to show the path taken by the alcohol. [1]
mother's
circulatory
system
mother's
baby's digestive
brain system
baby's
circulatory
system
b The drawing below shows a baby just before it is born. Draw a line from the letter P
to the placenta. [1]
c Give two functions of the placenta.
1. ..................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................
2. ..................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................. [2]
d During pregnancy the baby is surrounded by a liquid called amniotic fluid.
Suggest one reason why amniotic fluid is important.
.....................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................... [1]
6 a The diagram shows a human sperm cell.
i What is the function of the nucleus of a sperm?
.............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................. [1]
ii Sperm use their tails to swim to the egg so that fertilisation can take place.
Give one other way in which a sperm is adapted for fertilisation. Explain your
answer.
.............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................. [1]
b In the human male reproductive system, the testes are outside the main part of the
body.
Suggest the relationship between temperature and sperm production.
.....................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................... [1]
c i During sexual intercourse about 250 million sperm are released at a time into the
body of a woman.
Why is it necessary to release so many sperm at a time?
.............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................. [1]
ii Before being released from the body, sperm are mixed with a fluid. The fluid
contains sugar.
Explain how and why a sperm makes use of the sugar.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................. [2]
7 a The diagram below shows the female reproductive system and a type of cell called a
ciliated cell. (These diagrams are not drawn to the same scale.)
Ciliated cells move an egg along part of the reproductive system. The ciliated cells have
tiny hairs on them.
i In which part of the reproductive system do you think ciliated cells are found?
............................................................................................................. [1]
ii Describe how you think ciliated cells move the egg along.
.......................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................... [1]
b The diagrams below represent what happens at fertilisation and after fertilisation has
taken place.
not to scale
i Some women find it difficult to become pregnant. Doctors have developed a technique
in which an ovum is fertilised in a test tube. An embryo is then implanted into the
woman’s reproductive system.
Which stage in the picture above shows an embryo, and which stage shows a foetus?
embryo ……..............
foetus .………………… [1]
ii Into which part of the woman’s reproductive system is the embryo implanted?
....................................................................................................................... [1]
8 a The table below gives information about fertilisation in three animals.
Frogs release their eggs and sperm into water.
The eggs are fertilised in the water.
Why is it an advantage for frogs to release large numbers of eggs and sperm?
.......................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................... [1]
b The diagram shows a section through a fertilised egg of a bird.
i The shell of an egg is porous. This means it has lots of microscopic holes in it.
Why do you think it needs to be porous?
....................................................................................................................... [1]
ii Give one other function of the egg shell.
....................................................................................................................... [1]
c A bird’s egg contains yolk which is a food store for the developing chick.
A human egg does not contain yolk.
Why does a human egg not need to contain a food store for the embryo?
.......................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................... [1]
d When an embryo grows it gets bigger. What is the main way in which this happens?
............................................................................................................. [1]
9 The diagram below shows the female reproductive system.
a The diagram below is a graph showing how the thickness of the uterus lining changes
over a 28-day cycle.
i How did the thickness of the lining of the uterus decrease between day 1 and day
5 of this cycle?
.......................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................... [1]
ii Suggest which day in this cycle an ovum (egg) is most likely to be fertilized.
Day ……………………..
What evidence is there for this in the graph?
.......................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................... [1]
iii The graph shows that the lining of the uterus builds up again between day 5 and
day 14.
Why is this necessary?
.......................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................... [1]
b i Continue the line on the graph to show what would happen to the thickness of
the lining of the uterus after 28 days if an ovum were fertilised. [1]
ii Explain your answer.
.......................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................... [1]
CIS Grade 7 Reproduction Test – Mark Scheme
Question Level Answers Marks
1 3 penis, testes in correct places 1 mark – ½ mark for each correct label
1 mark – ½ mark for each correct label
4 scrotum, sperm duct in correct places
2 3 uterus, ovary in correct places 1 mark – ½ mark for each correct label
1 mark – ½ mark for each correct label
4 vagina, cervix in correct places
3 7
substance passes from the passes from the does not pass
mother’s blood baby’s blood to between the
to the baby’s the mother’s mother’s blood
blood blood and the baby’s
blood
poisons from 1 mark
cigarette smoke
oxygen 1 mark
digested food 1 mark
carbon dioxide 1 mark
4 (a) 7 mother's 1 mark
circulatory system
all three arrows required for the mark
mother's accept lines provided at least one
baby's brain
digestive system
arrowhead is shown
baby's
circulatory system
4 (b) 5 placenta labeled correctly 1 mark
the line from P must end within the shaded
area
accept P written directly on the diagram
provided it is entirely within the placenta
Question Level Answers Marks
4(c) 6 any two from 2 marks
• to give oxygen to the baby do not accept ‘to allow the baby to
• to remove carbon dioxide breathe’
• to provide nutrients accept ‘to pass food to the baby’ or ‘to
feed the baby’
• to remove waste
accept ‘to produce hormones’
4 (d) 5 any one from 1 mark
• cushions baby accept ‘protects baby’
• protects baby from bumps do not accept ‘protects baby from disease’
• supports baby do not accept ‘insulates baby’ or ‘helps
• allows baby to move baby to be born’
5 (a) (i) 6 any one from 1 mark
• it controls the activities of the accept ‘it passes on information’
sperm or cell accept ‘it contains chromosomes’
• it carries or passes on genetic do not accept ‘it carries all the genetic
information information of the baby’
• it contains the genes
• fertilisation
5(a) (ii) 6 Both the adaptation and the reason 1 mark
are required for the mark.
any one from
• streamlined or has a pointed
head to help it swim or
penetrate the egg
• very little cytoplasm so it swims
faster
5 (b) 7 the best temperature for making sperm 1 mark
is lower than body temperature accept ‘a lower temperature is needed for
producing sperm’
accept ‘at higher temperatures sperm
might be defective’
5 (c) (i) 6 any one from 1 mark
• to increase the chance of one accept ‘to make sure an egg is fertilised’
reaching the egg or the oviduct accept ‘most do not reach the egg’
• most sperm die before reaching ‘most sperm die’ is not sufficient
the egg or oviduct
5 (c) (ii) 6 for respiration 1 mark
accept ‘for energy’
for movement or for swimming 1 mark
do not accept ‘for food’
accept ‘to reach the egg’
Question Level Answers Marks
6 (a) (i) 7 oviduct or fallopian tube 1 mark
6(a) (ii) 7 cilia move in a wave or from side to 1 mark
side accept ‘they waft or carry it along’
accept ‘the hairs move it along’
accept ‘the hairs or cilia waft or move’
6 (b) (i) 6 embryo: stage 3 1 mark
foetus: stage 4 both answers are required for the mark
6 (b) (ii) 5 uterus or womb 1 mark
7 (a) 6 any one from 1 mark
• some eggs or sperm might be accept ‘to make fertilisation more likely’
eaten or lost accept ‘some die’
• eggs or sperm are not protected accept ‘more tadpoles’
inside the body
• to increase the chance of an egg
being fertilised
• some eggs might not be
fertilised
• some are washed away
• some of the offspring might be
eaten
7 (b) (i) 7 any one from 1 mark
• to let oxygen or air into the egg accept ‘for respiration’
• to let carbon dioxide or waste do not accept ‘to let waste out’
gases out
• to allow gas exchange
7(b) (ii) 7 any one from 1 mark
• for protection accept ‘it stops it drying out’
• to stop the egg drying out accept ‘it stops micro-organisms or
• it stops infection or disease bacteria or viruses or germs getting in’
accept ‘to retain the contents’
‘it stops infections getting in’ is not
sufficient
7 (c) 6 any one from 1 mark
• food passes from the mother to accept ‘the mother provides food’
the embryo or baby accept ‘it is fed through the umbilical cord’
• the embryo is fed through the do not accept ‘it gets food from the blood’
placenta
• it gets food from the mother’s
blood
7(d) 7 cell division 1 mark
Question Level Answers Marks
8 (a) (i) 7 any one from 1 mark
• menstruation accept ‘the period’
• the lining of the uterus is shed accept ‘the lining of the uterus breaks up’
accept ‘the wall of the uterus breaks down’
do not accept ‘the uterus is shed’
‘the wall of the uterus breaks’ is not
sufficient
8 (a) (ii) 6 a day from day 14 to day 18 accept ‘in the middle’
any one from both the answer and the correct
• it is just after ovulation or day explanation are required for the mark
of ovulation 1 mark
• that is when an egg is likely to
be in the oviduct or fallopian
tube
• that is just after an egg is
released
• an egg is released on day 14
8 (a) (iii) 6 any one from 1 mark
• so that a fertilised egg can be
implanted
• to receive an egg
8 (b) (i) 7 a line which continues to rise or 1 mark
remains horizontal after day 28 accept a line rising or remaining horizontal
after day 1
8 (b) (ii) 7 any one from 1 mark
• menstruation stops accept ‘the embryo or foetus or baby
• so the ovum or embryo will needs a blood supply’
implant accept ‘the lining would become thicker or
stay thick’
accept ‘the lining is not shed’
‘provides support’ is not sufficient
