1969 1985
The court found that the First Amendment applied to public schools, and school officials could not
T.L.O. argued that her Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable
censor student speech unless it disrupted the educational process.
searches and seizures had been violated.
At a public school in Des Moines, Iowa, students organized a silent
In a New Jersey high school, a teacher found two girls smoking in the
protest against the Vietnam War. Students planned to wear black
bathroom and took them to the principal's office. One girl admitted to
armbands to school to protest the fighting but the principal found
smoking but the other, known as T.L.O., denied it. The principal demanded
out and told the students they would be suspended if they wore the
to see the girl's purse and found evidence that she was also selling
armbands.
marijuana at school.
The high court agreed that students' free rights should be protected
The court sided with the school, and T.L.O. took her case to the New Jersey
and said, "Students don't shed their constitutional rights at the
Supreme Court, which later found that the search was unreasonable and
schoolhouse gates."
the evidence could not be used.
It lets teen be able to speak and protest against real matters in the It helps teens today fight back with unreasonable searches so if naything
school or world during or out of school yet on school grounds. that is purposly made against a student can be handeled correctly.
April 19, 1977 2000
The district's policy permitting student-led, student-initiated prayer at
The Eighth Amendment does not prevent corporal punishment in public
football games violates the Establishment Clause.
The case centred on James Ingraham, an eighth-grade student at a The Court concluded that the football game prayers were public speech
public junior high school in Florida, who in 1970 was paddled by the authorized by a government policy and taking place on government property
principal (Willie J. Wright) while being restrained by the assistant at government-sponsored school-related events and that the District's policy
principal (Lemmie Deliford) and the principal's assistant (Solomon involved both perceived and actual government endorsement of the delivery
Barnes). of prayer at important school events.
ruled in favor of the school officials in part because the Supreme In a 6-3 opinion delivered by Justice John Paul Stevens, the Court held
Court agreed that proportionality and due process rights for students that the District's policy permitting student-led, student-initiated prayer at
are to be determined by local school officials, and, that the federal football games violates the Establishment Clause.
government does not have precedence over those local school
officials.
We dont have this anymore today we just have now calmer It makes teen not be able to express there religous belifes when in school
punishments. or during a game.
1966 January 13th, 1988
set the precedent for juvenile due process, schools may restrict what is published in student newspapers if the papers
have not been established as public forums.
Kent Jr., a 16-year-old boy, was detained and interrogated by the Three high school student journalists, including Cathy Kuhlmeier, had
police in connection with several incidents involving robbery and rape. sued their Missouri school district in 1983 for infringing on their First
After Kent admitted some involvement, the juvenile court waived its Amendment rights after the principal of Hazelwood East High School,
jurisdiction. This allowed Kent to be tried as an adult. Kent was Robert E. Reynolds, removed articles from a pending issue of Spectrum,
indicted in district court. the student newspaper.
In a 5-4 decision, Justice Abe Fortas wrote for the majority. The Handed down a 5-3 decision in favor of the school. The Court reversed the
Supreme Court determined there was not a sufficient investigation appellate court, and said that public schools do not have to allow student
prior to the juvenile court waiver of jurisdiction. Kent did not receive speech if it is inconsistent with the schools' educational mission.
a hearing, access to counsel, or access to his record prior to the
waiver.
It lets teena have a ture hearing if they are being blamed for a crime or I makes teens not be able to talk about serious topic within the school paper
have donea crime. and make them have to resort to other option outsdie of the paper.
1995 1990
A public school does not violate the Fourth Amendment when it chooses to randomly test children participating in
denying equal access to the religious club violated the Equal Access Act
its athletic programs for controlled substances.
In 1991 James Acton, a seventh-grade student, was suspended from Background. Westside High School, in District 66, located in Omaha,
interscholastic athletics for a season after he and his parents Nebraska, refused to allow a group of students to form a Christian Bible
refused to sign a consent form for drug testing. The Actons Study Club within their school. Bridget Mergens is the name of the student
subsequently filed a lawsuit. who initiated the process to start the club. She was a senior at the time.
U.S. Supreme Court on June 26, 1995, ruled (6–3) that an Oregon In an 8–1 decision, the Court held that denying equal access to the
school board's random drug-testing policy for student athletes was religious club violated the Equal Access Act and that treating a religious
reasonable under the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. club equally, including providing a sponsor like other clubs, would not
constitute an endorsement of religion prohibited by the Establishment
Clause of the First Amendment.
It just makes teens have to take drug tests randomly with matches but It lets kids group together and make clubs about some sensitive things.
i dont know if they do it anymore.
O-c
Juse 23 2003 February 22, 1989
She filed suit against the university in December 1997, alleging that the due process clause of the 14th amendment does not provide relief to a minor
the university had discriminated against her on the basis of race. child for a State's failure to protect him against violence committed by a private
In 1996, Barbara Grutter, a white Michigan resident with a 3.8 actor.
grade point average and 161 Law School Admissions Test The Winnebago County authorities first learned that Joshua DeShaney might
(LSAT) score, was rejected by the University of Michigan Law be a victim of child abuse in January 1982, when his father's second wife
School. She filed suit against the university in December 1997, complained to the police, at the time of their divorce, that he had previously
alleging that the university had discriminated against her on the "hit the boy causing marks and [was] a prime case for child abuse."
basis of race in violation of the equal protection clause of the
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Bollinger, a case decided by the United States Supreme Court on The court ruled 6–3 to uphold the appeals court's grant of summary
June 23, 2003, upheld the affirmative action admissions policy of the judgment. The DSS's actions were found not to constitute a violation of
University of Michigan Law School. The decision permitted the use of Joshua DeShaney's due process rights.
racial preference in student admissions to promote student diversity.
It lets kids to not be discriminated aganst when going into a school. I dont know.
