Journal of Positive School Psychology http://journalppw.

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2022, Vol. 6, No. 5, 6401 – 6408

Role Of Physiotherapy on Physical and Mental Health of The

Athlete- A Review Paper

Dr. Anna K. Dhaliwal1, Ms. Amrinder Kaur2, Dr. Hitesh3, Dr. Aashana4
1
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Allied and Health care sciences, GNA University, Phagwara, India
2
Assistant Professor, MLS Department, PCTE Institute Baddowal, Ludhiana, India
3
Student, Physiotherapy Department, C T University, Ludhiana, India
4
Student, Physiotherapy Department, C T University, India

ABSTRACT
Physiotherapists play a key role in sports problem related physical and psychology health of the sport
athlete. A strong athlete-physiotherapist relationship is necessary for effective treatment and shaping of
athletes' expectations of health issue restoration. Hence, it is necessary to factor the problem athletes'
expectations in structuring a therapy program. Physiotherapy techniques have been a therapeutic modality
in all cultures since early civilization and has had a long tradition of use in the sporting context. However,
there have been a paucity of scientific evidence of the physiological, psychological and therapeutic effects
of commonly used Physiotherapy techniques. This paper reviews the early and more recent studies on the
role of Physiotherapy and also the more recent literature on its use on the sports person. Little agreement
was found in English publications of the efficacy of Physiotherapy and there were contradictory findings
as to the optimum technique and length of time of application. It is clear that the role of physiotherapy a
time consuming technique for a physiotherapist to perform needs to be evaluated further in order to
resolve some contentious issues arising about this mode of treatment and to justify its use.

Keywords: Physiotherapy, Sports, Athletes, Mental and Physical Health.

INTRODUCTION through various prevention, maintenance and

Sports and Exercise Physiotherapists are recovery interventions."
involved in the prevention and management of
physical problems and injuries resulting from Physiotherapy for Physical Health:
sport and exercise participation at all ages and at
Becoming an athlete is quite demanding
all levels of ability. These specialized
and taxing, both physically, and mentally inside the
physiotherapists provide evidence-based advice
process, that is why there are so few individuals
on safe participation in sport and exercise.
inside the world who can actually class themselves
Furthermore, they promote an active lifestyle to
as athletes. Whether or not you do consider yourself
aid individuals in improving and maintaining
an athlete, or whether you simply like to engage in
their quality of life. Sports and Exercise
sporting activities sometimes, one issue this is for
Physiotherapists also play a huge role in helping
certain, is the reality that your body is continuously
athletes of levels in ability to enhance their
at risk of becoming injured. In truth, we all suffer
performance. Grant et al. summarizes the role of
with various aches and pains within the body every
the sports physiotherapist as "The essential role
so often, in particular as we find ourselves growing
of the sports physiotherapist is to provide
older as time passes us by using.
treatment and restoration of physical problems
and also to provide support for performance

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 6402 Journal of Positive School Psychology

however, if you are energetic and involved enhancement of sports activities performance, in
in sports activities, or any other form of physical athletes of all ages and abilities, at the same time
activity, you will almost certainly be some distance as ensuring a excessive standard of professional
more at threat, and you'll consequently need to take and ethical practice. The role of the
certain preventative measures and steps to help you physiotherapist does range and can rely on:
stay as fit, as healthful, and as pain-free, as you ➢ The sport they are involved in.
possibly can. sports physiotherapy for athletes is ➢ Their specific role in the team.
one of the most effective methods of handling ache, ➢ The overall performance level of the sport, local
enhancing athletic performance and much greater level or international, amateur or expert.
besides, that is why we’ll be taking observe the role
The international Federation of sports
of physiotherapy on physical and mental health of
physical therapy (IFSPT) states that "sports
the athlete right now
physiotherapy is a developing specialization in
cultures that strive to promote an active life-style
Physiotherapist and sports: A recognized and athletic excellence". The sports
professional who demonstrates advanced Physiotherapy for All (SPA) describes "powerful
competencies in the promoting of safe physical professional behavior and the combination of
activity participation, provision of advice, and particular knowledge, abilities and attitudes for
adaptation of rehabilitation and training the context of practice as a sports
interventions, for the functions of preventing physiotherapist." As a part of the sports
harm, restoring optimal function, and Physiotherapy for All mission, eleven
contributing to the enhancement of sports competencies had been identified that is required
performance, in athletes of all ages and for sports and exercising physiotherapists.
competencies, while making sure a high standard Together with those abilities are a hard and fast
of professional and ethical exercise. of particular skills or requirements that needs to
Sports activities and exercise be upheld. These abilities are associated with the
physiotherapists work in a huge type of settings. numerous overlapping roles that the sports and
Many work with active recreational athletes in exercise physiotherapist fulfil.
private practice or clinic settings. They can also
be worried in social and club-level sports and Physiotherapy in mental health: Psychiatrists
attend training classes. Sports and workout recognize exercise prescription as a treatment
physiotherapists frequently work within the elite modality for a wide variety of intellectual health
athlete setting in competitive and professional conditions. Regardless of this progress, there
sports, working and traveling with elite character may be still a stigma that surrounds people
athletes or groups, and integrating their services suffering with mental health conditions, which
with other clinical professionals, coaches, could act as a barrier to physical activity and
strength and conditioning personnel and other participation in sport. Mental health problems are
guide staff. Sports and exercise physiotherapists commonplace and account for the biggest single
are also actively involved within various sporting source of disability in the country. The latest
organizations to coordinate physiotherapy prevalence, in country of common mental
services, injury prevention, rehabilitation and problems is shown below.
injury surveillance programmes.
Mental Health Conditions:
Physiotherapy on Physical and Mental Health:
➢ Depression
some researchers outlines advanced
➢ Generalized anxiety disorder
competencies of the sports physiotherapist in the
➢ Panic disorder
promotion of safe physical activity participation,
➢ Mixed anxiety and depression
provision of advice, adaptation of rehabilitation
and training interventions, for the purposes of The Faculty of Sport, Exercise and physiotherapists
preventing injury, restoring most useful have produced their guides on the role physical
characteristic, and contributing to the activity has in treating mental illness for health

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 6403 Journal of Positive School Psychology

professionals, sports participants, schools, parents whether you’re rehabbing, whether or not you’re
and carers. looking to live flexible, fit, and healthy, or whether
you’re in reality seeking to enhance your ordinary
athletic performance, visiting a qualified sports
Impact of Physical activity to prevent and
injury physiotherapy expert will be one of the
manage mental health problems: The government
smartest selections you'll ever make. We’ll now
has defined well-being as ‘a positive physical and
take a much greater special take a look at some of
social and mental state’ (department of health,
the number one benefits related to seeing a sports
2010). mental health consists of factors consisting
physiotherapist.
of people’ capacity to expand their potential, work
productively and creatively, construct strong and Gradual and sustainable repair of the muscles and
positive relationships with others and make the body as an athlete, your body is positioned
contributions to their community. It additionally underneath much more stress than the average
involves areas of lifestyles such as emotions of person, and your muscles are forced to work much
satisfaction, optimism. One way to enhance our tougher than common, and to take an excellent deal
mental wellbeing and protect our mental health is of punishment in the process.
through collaborating in physical activity. Physical Whenever we interact in physical exercise
activity has been proven to have a strong and or activity, we’re setting our muscles beneath
positive affect on mental well-being and some pressure and are damaging them, which is why they
mental ailments. Participation in ordinary bodily feel so tender and so sore following a strenuous
activity can boom and reduce stress and anxiety. workout or bout of physical activity. The super
Physical activity can help play a role in thing about sports physiotherapy, is the fact that the
preventing mental health problems and enhance the physiotherapists, who're surprisingly skilled and
satisfactory of life of these experiencing them. pretty trained, known in which to attention most of
Physical activity can be used in treatment for the people of their interest.
depression and be used as a standalone treatment or Those professionals, rather than
as a combination therapy with medication and/or concentrating their efforts entirely at the part of the
psychological therapy. Strong proof exists body this is most closely afflicted, will instead take
displaying a 20-30% reduction in depression in a look at the reasons that would have led to the
adults who take part in physical activity every day. injury/discomfort inside the first place. Due to this,
Exercise has capacity advantages over the entire body benefits overall, as opposed to
antidepressants with fewer side effects, and perhaps simply one or body components and muscle groups.
less stigma attached to it as treatment modality in the use of a number of techniques, such as sports
evaluation to counselling or psychotherapy. limited massage therapy, multi-level postures,
proof exists proving physical activity can reduce strengthening exercises, stretching movements, and
stages of anxiety and distress in human beings with lots greater besides, the body has chance to heal
mild symptoms by 20-30% and can also be helpful itself slowly, that's one of the reasons why
for treating medical anxiety and mental health. physiotherapy is so beneficial for human beings
Physical activity is to be had to all, has few costs trying to get better following a in particular
connected, and is an empowering method which strenuous workout or activity.
could help mental health. ➢ Full-body benefits
There’s clean evidence that physical ➢ Pain management
activity reduces the threat of cognitive decline ➢ Chronic health issues also can be handled and
among human beings with a 20–30% threat addressed
reduction in developing dementia for adults taking ➢ Improved flexibility
part in every day physical activity. Physical activity ➢ Excellent for rehabilitation
additionally appears to reduce the problems of Physiotherapy on mental health: when talking
psychological factors which effect on the mind of about sports activities and athletics, a whole lot of
the people. human beings find themselves specializing in
Importance of physiotherapy sports: entirely at the body, as opposed to the mind. at the
whether you’re an athlete dealing with an injury, same time as the body does obviously play a vital

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 6404 Journal of Positive School Psychology

role in physical exercise and activity, so too does OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
the thoughts, that is why it’s important to The main objective of the study is to
appearance after your mental health and properly- identify the research gap from the previous
being within the technique. Strenuous physical Literature review those are related to the framed
activity and workout can take its toll on someone’s problem which is entitled as: “Role of
mental health and properly-being, in particular physiotherapy on physical and mental health of the
within the event of a painful and debilitating injury. athlete.”
Many athletes and sportspersons locate
themselves slipping into states of depression and
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
suffering from anxiety, mood swings, and other
sorts of mental health disorders. it is able to be Sports have a awesome effect on humans’ lives.
emotionally annoying having to deal with an injury, Those varieties of activities advantage us in several
and receive the fact that you may be sidelined and ways. First, people that indulge themselves in it
saved far from doing something that you love doing may have quality leisure. Sports develop one's
for several weeks or months, that is any other abilities. It’s a type of entertainment and at the same
reason why sports physiotherapy may be so time, it enables you expand your mind, physical
beneficial. strength, and emotional stability. It brings alternate
and purpose to an individual's life. A few famous
Professional physiotherapists will realize
humans are very committed to sports.
exactly what you’re going through, and will be
capable of teach various techniques to you on the Athletes frequently place enormous emphasis on
way to cope with the mental aspect of factors. their ability to compete and perform. Issues
they'll provide you with a positive environment and accidents are typically devastating to individuals as
a superb outlook on things, hence helping you to modern competitive sports activities have
higher cope with what it is that you’re going thru at indisputably gone above and past the athletic
that present second in time. Being in the right frame activities of the past, in terms of use, athlete's
of thoughts is critical, and your physiotherapist will energy, and therefore the extent of significance
know that, and could help to get you to where you placed on success. Its recognition altogether of its
want to be, both physically, and mentally. forms steadily increases. Pretty simply the domain
of choice or professional athletes, the populace
enjoys a variety of recreational interests from
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY hiking and walking to surfing from badminton and
Turning into an athlete is incredibly tennis to cricket and hockey. In such endeavors,
demanding and taxing, each physically, and many participants locate that troubles and injuries
mentally in the process that is why there are a few are inevitable. Daredevil sports like browsing,
human beings inside the world who can really class rugby, or acrobatic bicycle and jumping, ends in
themselves as athletes. whether or not you do not high physical trauma (Spanjersberg and Schiper
forget yourself an athlete, or whether or not you 2008; Miller and Demony 2009). Young footballers
certainly want to engage in sporting activities now and senior golfers are prone to physical health
and again, one element this is for certain, is the issue, as are Olympic performers and "weekend
reality that your body is constantly at risk of warriors" because the injury doesn't discriminate
psychological and physical fitness related issues, (Delaney et al. 2009; Falvey et al. 2009). Besides,
specifically as we find ourselves growing older as dancers also face far more damages (Fitt 1996;
time passes us by. For these kind of issues a Stretanski 2002; Koutedakis and Jamurtas 2004).
researcher will discover the programs and At some point of a year, 85 % of badminton
preventions for lowering those kind of troubles players, 65 % of runners, and 21 % of walkers are
which might be occurring inside the life of sports physically injured when harm costs are expressed
person. It will make all-round improvement of the according to hour of activity, the threat of damage
sports person and athlete. is usually ranked with the aid of recreation. Now
not fantastically, such ratings show that sports like
rugby and lacrosse produce the foremost mayhem,

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 6405 Journal of Positive School Psychology

with approximately 30 injuries per 1000 hours of rest of the injuries and new issues (archives of
activity. Basketball and squash produce accidents general medicine, vol. 149(11), pp. 2561-2564,
around 14 accidents per 1000 hours. 1989). That is certainly because of improper care
High-intensity sports like going for walks and training. An injury isn't simply an annoyance
and aerobic dance have higher injuries rates, 11 however it should be a caution sign that a body part
accidents consistent with 1000 hours. There are a isn't strong enough to undergo the stress because of
selection of sports activities with the numbers of sports. The fact is that injuries generally tend to re-
injuries in keeping with 1000 hours of sports like arise in weaker regions of the body.
Alpine skiing (8), Rowing machine exercise (6), Physiotherapists have a terrific variety of
Treadmill walking or jogging (6), Tennis (5), proven and documented approaches to treatment.
Dancing classes (5), Resistance training with Right assessment and diagnosis are significant in
weight machines (4), Resistance training with free the successful treatment and rehabilitation of sports
weights (4), outside cycling (3.5), stationary cycle injuries. Athletes laid low with a recent injury or an
exercise (2), Stair climbing (2), walking (2) ordinary trouble can revel in the expertise of a
('injuries in recreational person fitness activities,' specialist team. A multidisciplinary team approach
the American journal of sports medicine, vol. 21 is right as cross-referral may additionally happen to
(3), pp. 461-467, 1993). rehabilitate the 'whole' person and no longer simply
But, in sports like going for walks, biking, the injured part. Whether or no longer they're
swimming, stair climbing, and walking, most pursuing gold medals or leisure, those who take part
injuries are not the result of sudden catastrophes inside the physical activity require both proper
however occur due to 'overuse'. To prevent harm in preventive training and proper healthcare. Sport
the game, one has to make easy modifications in rehabilitators and other allied health professionals
their training schedules, and routine warm-up and have much to supply physically active people.
cool down and strengthening of muscle tissues and Because of lack of knowledge athletes on
joints. Excessive damage prices should probably be occasion has a wrong approach to health injury
appreciably decrease if we recognise approximately treatment and its prevention. Some athletes practice
the real reasons of injuries. studies shows that by the principle of 'ARI' -
means of proper training techniques injuries can be 07b031025f5f96dfa8443f843db463b6, rest, and
cut by way of 25 percent (recreation for All: sports icing. Those treatments tone down the severity of a
injuries and Their Prevention, Council of Europe, damage and athletes agree with that these cures are
Netherlands Institute of sports health Care, the 'cure' for their athletic wounds however the fact
Oosterbeek, 1989). is that ARI honestly allows athletes to return to the
A few research display an inverse suitable activities for a shorter period of time and
relationship among damage risk and the variety of thus it leads to reoccurrence of an injury after some
years worried in an activity. Newcomers in sports time. Small surprise that 50 percent of injuries are
activities are possibly to be more injured than those re-occurrences! Sports-active people want to go for
who've been education for many years (American strengthen instead of relaxation and ice to
journal of sports medicine, vol. 16(3), pp. 285-294, vulnerable body parts. They should remember the
1988, and also data of general medicine, vol. 149 fact that success in dealing with the extreme level
(11), pp. 2565-2568, 1989). Strength plays a vital of injury commonly effects in success in submit
role in reducing injury risk. Because of regular acute degree and onward because the athlete is
training athletes grow to be extra experienced, prepared via healthcare professionals on the sport
stronger, and coordinated in comparison to healthcare group for re-access to participation.
beginners that are very beneficial in the prevention Insofar as possible, the sport rehabilitator ought to
of injuries. Upgraded strength protects and ensure this system is going easily, to deliver
stabilizes joints and prevents muscles and physical and mental support and to stay the athlete's
connective tissues from being torn aside by means fine interests important at some stage in the
of the repetitive forces located on them at some development again to full pastime.
point of interest. It is taken into consideration that Injuries can best be correctly handled while
50% of the injuries are reoccurrence injuries and the the explanation for the problem is absolutely

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 6406 Journal of Positive School Psychology

investigated and corrected; therefore, an in- depth Often the most effective human beings to examine
history is obligatory and a whole posture, gait, and are physiotherapists focusing on sports accidents on
biomechanical evaluation have to be made. Careful account that they have an effect on such accidents
records taking is of the utmost importance to decide daily. Even orthopedic surgeons aren't constantly
the situation, nature, behavior and onset of sports activities-harm specialists, frequently
symptoms, and so forth. This is often accompanied spending maximum in their time with extra popular
with the aid of a physical exam in which a sufferers. The sports physiotherapist will lay out a
methodological method is followed. From time to plan of remedy for the fitness problem problems.
time similarly investigative strategies are going to The primary aim of the initial stage of remedy is
be had to verify the analysis. It is now not suitable decreasing the pain and selling recuperation. As
to deal with signs without first organizing the soon as ache and any swelling are reduced, the
underlying cause. A thorough evaluation of all the remedy will begin to contain extra physical games.
elements contributing to the patient's pattern of At now, the physiotherapist will set sporting events
symptoms is vital so that a specific treatment plan is to attention on unique desires so that it will assist
often installed. remedy the athlete's troubles. First of all, that is
It is obvious that prevention is exceptional frequently in all likelihood to be mobility and
than therapy and consequently the physiotherapist adaptability education then, later, strengthening
will constantly suggest the patient on the way to work. That is often wherein the athlete, coach, and
save you recurrence of the injury on return to physiotherapist can work collectively.
recreation. E.g. an athlete getting better from lateral Even trade training additionally may be
epicondyle it is desires to reinforce the wrist executed athletes can nevertheless teach even once
extensor muscles to forestall the injury from they're injured. It way adopting one-of-a-kind sorts
recurring. As extensor muscles are weak as of education or training techniques that don't stress
compared to the wrist flexor muscles as they are at the injury. One of the important desires of the
risk of overload. Inside the same manner, an athlete restoration method is to attend to physical fitness
improving from a hamstring strain would want to levels by the usage of alternative schooling
stretch and beef up the injured hamstring to make methods. As an instance, as opposed to running,
sure that flexibility and electricity are same for each athletes can attempt water walking with a flotation
injured and non-injured sides. Because workout is belt, or cycling athletes should trust that albeit
intrinsic to the rehabilitation process, trainers and they're injured, they'll stay in shape. Additionally,
coaches were given to keep in mind that they want a to maintaining aerobic fitness, the athlete can use
large part to play in helping their athletes lower the injury period as a danger to reinforce other areas
back to complete health. of the frame. Don’t forget, it's only the injured part
Every stage of physical health trouble that need to be rested, now not the entire body. As
control allows the athlete to deal with the accidents an example, a footballer with a groin strain can use
and go back to the sport as earlier. For an athlete the harm period to enhance leg, trunk, and top-body
having a damage of a pulled hamstring or sprained strength.
ankle, a physiotherapist can help the athlete to offer Modern return to complete education, once
the proper first useful resource approaches. The the pain has subsided and the athlete has started to
RICE protocol ought to be accompanied relaxation satisfy the power and strengthening dreams, the
to the injured element immediately, ICE therapy to physiotherapist could be able to propose on whilst
the injured site, compressing the injured website normal education can start again. There have to be
with strapping that and then raising the injured clear conversation among the therapist train and the
limb. This protocol helps the athlete to lessen the athlete. To avoid reoccurrence of injury one must
pain and regulate the irritation and swelling because no longer start education too in advance or too
of injury. If it is accomplished quickly it is able to tough. What they fail to apprehend is that, simply
accelerate the healing manner. For severe accidents because the injured part is pain-unfastened, it does
like bone fractures, handiest the ones having right not suggest they're absolutely healthy.
training in first aid have to provide the treatment. As soon as the athlete can use the fitness
trouble part, she or he must progressively retrain the

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 6407 Journal of Positive School Psychology

persistence, strength, and coordination of that After reviewing the essential literature, it's
element in order that it may withstand complete been located that scholarly attempts were made one
opposition situations once more. Consequently, the at a time to the effect of physiotherapy on sports;
purpose at this stage within the rehabilitation however, no study regarding the position of
process has moved on from restoration the injury to physiotherapy on physical and mental health of
regaining full characteristic. To achieve this, the athletes. Inside the area of the physical training and
rehabilitation application have to be particular to sports there are very less variety of studies
the athlete's sport. As an instance, for the injured performed at the same variables and its factors. So
athlete, strength exercises ought to be functionally there are not previous precise record for the
associated moves, inclusive of single-legged squats, identical observe. So, the researcher made the plan
jumps, and plyometric drills. and mentioned with manual at the same time as
Research gap identified: Greater than 50 studies reading the empirical prof or statistics and selected
have been reviewed by the researcher and near a specific hassle associated with the effect of
approximately 25 evaluations are quoted on this physiotherapy on the motor or physical health and
chapter. Latest critiques are of 2018 and oldest psychological mental health of the sports athletes.
evaluation is of yr. 1981. though work has been And reached to the idea for formulation of the
done through many sports improvement for unique problem which is about the investigation.
games and sports like netball, wrestling, combative
games and football volleyball Badminton, Ball Conclusion: The conclusion of the present study
Badminton, Hockey, Handball, table Tennis, Kho- approximately the role of Physiotherapists within
Kho, Basketball Kabaddi, athletic games etc. Very the sports trouble related physical and psychology
much less studies are executed by means of foreign health of the sport athlete. A strong athlete-
authors in the physiotherapy associated with the physiotherapist courting is vital for powerful
sports performance, but few observe are completed treatment and shaping of athletes' expectancies of
by Indian author on physiotherapy related to fitness difficulty restoration. As a result, it's miles
physical and sports. important to aspect the trouble athletes'
On this study investigator is going to expectations in structuring a therapy application.
conduct the voew of previous studies which has This helps growing the transparency of
been achieved the alternative researchers. The communique between sports physiotherapists and
investigator has taken medical supports attained all individuals and organizations requiring their
from diverse investigations in the past have exposed capabilities, guiding the layout of expert
the various aspects of the same studies. The development opportunities, and allowing sports
exacting characteristics of the effect of physiotherapists to offer evidence of their talents
physiotherapy on psychological and physical and identify their learning needs.
valuables of sports activities athletes, as required
through this particular sport discipline.

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