Word Formqtion

Prelixes are syllables which we add before certain

words to form new words. The meaning of the new word
- Nouns formed from verbs

depends on the prefix that has been used.

'age pack -package
-al arrive - arrival
antF = against (antisocial) -ance accept - acceptance
bi- = two (biannual) -ation alter - alteration
co- = with (co-driver) -ence reside - resldence
counter- = in the opposite direction (counteract) -ion edit - edition
ex- - previous, former (ex-wife) -ment base - basement
inter- = between (international) -sion conclude - conclusion
mis- = done wrongly or badly (misiudge) -sis analyse -
analysis
mono- = one (monologue) -tion recognise - recognition
multi- = many (multicultural) -ure depart - departure
noh- = nol (non-smoker) -v unite - uni
out- = more, betler (outgrow)
Nouns formed from adjectives
ov€r- = (done) to a great extent (overconfident) -
post- - after (postgraduate) -ance arrogant - arrogance
pre- = before (prehistoric) -cy fluent - fluency
Pro- = in favour of (proactive) -ence convenient - convenience
ne- = again (reconsider) -ion direct - direction
semi- = halt (semi-final) -iness happy - happiness
sub- = under, less (subzero,) -ness conscious - consciousness
super- = big, more (supersfar) 'ity major - majority
trans- = (travel) lrom one side, group etc to another -ty cruel - cruelty
(transatlantic)
tri- = three (triathlon)
'v honest - honesty

under- = not enough (undercooked) Adjectives formed lrom nouns

uni- = one (unicycle) -ous danger - dangerous
-al envi ron ment - env i ro n m e ntal
The prefixes below are used to express opposite -ic enfhusrast - enthusi astic
meanings. -ical auto b iog ra p hy - auto b i o g ra p h ica I
de- deactivate,dehydration -ish child -
childish
dis- disability,disagree -ive effect - effective
in- inactive, inexistent BUT il- (before l) illegible -lul care - caretul
im- (before b, m, p) imbalance,immoral, -less breath - breafhless
improbable ir- (before r) irregular BUT -ant dominance - dominant
non- unrealistic, unreliable -able comfort - comfortable
un- non-smokefnon-stop 'v rock - rocky
unemployed, unlucky -ly week - weekly

Some prefixes are added to words to form verbs. Adjectives formed lrom verbs
en- circle - encircle -able believe -
believable
BUTem- (before b, m, p) body-embody,empower -ible access - accessible
-ive exhaust - exhaustive
Suflixes are syllables which we add to the end of -ate consider - considerate
certain words to form new words. -ent depend - dependent
Nouns referring to people 'ing frighten - frightening (describes what
- someone or something is)
. verb + -er/-orl-ar (manage - manager, invent - -ed interest - interested (describes how
inventor, burgle - burglar)
someone feels)
. noun/verb/adjective + -lst (science - sclentist,
pacify - pacifist active - activist) Verbs formed from adjectives
. verb + -anU-ent (assisf - assisfant, correspond-
- -en short - shorten
correspondent) -lse modern - modernise
. -an/-lan (republic
noun + - republican, diet - Verbs formed from nouns
.
dietician)
verb + -ee (train - trainee)
- length - lengthen
 Word Formqtion
Il Fill in the correct form of the words in bold using the appropriate prefix.

Students organised a(n) ............ protest against conflicts WAR

around the world.
2 Mary is ......... as she speaks both English and ltalian fluently. LINGUAL
3 A ................ is always on board the aircraft to assist the captain PILOT
during a flight.
The football team launched a ........... against their opponent ATTACK

and
Afterscored.
linalising their divorce, Jane has no contact whatsoever with her
HUSBAND
6 United Airlines covers ......... flights in over 69 countries CONTINENTAL
worldwide.
7 Please don t ........... me; I don t mean to be rude. UNDERSTAND
8 Jack is a ............ and owns his own private jet and island. MILLIONAIRE
9 Access to the swimming pool is prohibited to ............... MEMBERS
10 Jake always tries to ......... everybody else in the class. DO
11 Make sure you don t ......... as you will miss the train. SLEEP
12 Matthew enrolled to do a ......... course after completing his GRADUATE
first degree.
13 By attending a ................ young children learn important social scHooL
skills by interacting with other children.
14 I was asked to ............... my assignment all over again as my WRITE
professor thought it was unsatisfactory.
15 The Smiths thought it would be better to move into a ......... DETACHED
house in the suburbs.
16 She used the ............. to get to the other side of the road much WAY
safely.
17 Spiderman is a fictional, comic book .......... who has lots of HERO
special powers.
18 Many police officers and firefighters often complain that they are
......... for the dangerous work that they do. PAID
19 This school requires all students to wear a ................ everyday. FORM

El Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming nouns referring to people.

1 A qualified ski ........... will show you how to use the necessary INSTRUCT
equipment.
2 She hired a fitness ......... to help her get back into shape. TRAIN
3 Ralph pursued a highly successful musical career as a ........... PIANO
and composer.
4 A Clinic is looking for an experienced ......... for its medical TYPE
office.
5 Samantha is a qualified ............. and holds teaching seminars EDUCATIONAL
in different countries around the world.
6 Pedro claims to be a ......... of King Juan Carlos I of Spain. DESCEND
7 Jane is currently a medical ......... at Harvard University. STUDY
8 David Copperfield is a world famous and successful .............. MAGIC
who s won lots of awards.
9 Local ......... decided to set up a neighbourhood watch. RESIDE
10 The examiner asked the ............. to compare the two pictures. EXAMINE
11 The radio station reported an increase in ............... this year. LISTEN
12 You should be careful when driving to look out for CYCLE
 Word Formqtion
Et Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming nouns from verbs.

1 To get to the caf6 you have to walk down a narrow PASS

2 The campaign aims to draw people s ......... to the harmful ATTEND
effects of pollution on the environment.
3 There seems to be extreme ................ between the two COMPETE
companres.
4 Whatever you choose is really just a matter of personal ................. PREFER

hashousehold
I have
announced his .............. ......... in case I ever get burgled. INSURE
5
6 Jim to step down as manager. DECIDE
7 They were very lucky to escape the accident without INJURE
I The university required a letter of ............... ........ with my application form. RECOMMEND
I The car broke down due to engine FAIL
10 This manual provides a clear ......... of how to install the EXPLAIN
program on your computer.
11 We accept cards and cash as methods of ............... PAY
12 Our school puts great .... on communication
communication and socia sociall skills. EMPHASISE

H Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming nouns from adjectives.
1 Her ......... as a film star has earned her much success POPULAR
within the industry.
Sandra is trying to improve her ............. by cycling to work FIT
every day.
The ............ between NewYork City and Los Angeles is about DISTANT
3,960km.
4 Many celebrities do not want their ........... invaded by reporters. PRIVATE
5 The lawyer hoped that the new evidence would prove his defendant s
INNOCENT
6 He tries to achieve ......... in everything that he does. PERFECT
7 Fred s ......... to his lriends is his best feature. LOYAL
I Samuel had ............ in understanding the maths exercise. DIFFICULT

El Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming adiectives from nouns.

1
Susie is really .......... she paints the most beautiful paintings. ART
2 It was great to see the villagers performing their ........... dance TRADITION
during the festival.
The ............ model of the computer costs less and has fewer BASE
features.
4 My school was founded by a very ......... man who believed WEALTH
education should be free.
He s my favourite sportsman because he s such a(n) ............ BRILLIANCE
athlete.
6 My dog might look mean but he s completely ............ HARM
7 The Adder is the only ......... snake in Britain. POISON
8 Make sure you arrange the liles in ............... ............. order. ALPHABET
9 My little brother is such a(n) ............ child; he s always ENERGY
running around.
10 I wish I could buy that watch, but it s too ............. for me. EXPENSE
11 Sandra has an aquarium with lots of ............... fish inside. COLOUR
12 My father is a very sensible person, who always makes LOGIC
decisions.
 t

Word Formqtion
ffiil Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming adiectives from verbs.

1 I don't think this car is very lt keeps breaking down. RELY

2 Julie is a very ......... woman;she's so pretty. ATTRACT
3 Susan is a(n) ......... girl that you can always rely on. RESPOND
4 lt was very ........... of you to help out at the fundraiser. CONSIDER
5 That was a(n) . fitm. I reaily enjoyed it. EXCEL
6 Completing the marathon was a . experience. SATISFY

7 Tom was
............ ........ by the news that his sister was getting married. DELIGHT

El Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming verbs from adjectives/nouns.

1 You have to the screw as much as you can so it won't TIGHT

come loose.
2 The youth center started a campaign to ............... street out. LEGAL
3 You can do these simple exercises to ............... your muscles. STRENGTH
4 Laura loves going out and ............ with her friends at soctAL
weekends.
Anne's nail varnish takes five minutes to ............... HARD

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming the opposite from the words given.
Ef,
1 He felt like he had been working ................ all year and STOP
desperately needed a holiday.
2 I strongly ......... having to wait in long queues. LIKE
3 Our trip to Venice was an ......... experience. FORGETTABLE
4 The company's estimate of the cost of the project was completely
ACCURATE
5 lt is quite .......... for her to be late for work. USUAL
6 Some food starts to ............... when you leave it out of the COMPOSE
fridge.
7 lt is ......... in most countries to drive under the age of 18. LEGAL
8 lt's almost ......... that we'll finish this task by the required POSSIBLE
deadline.
9 One ......... of living in the city is the lack of safe areas for ADVANTAGE
children to play in.
10 Tim is reading a(n) ............ book about important events in FICTION
history.
11 Consuming too many sweets and fatty foods can be seriously HEALTHY
12 The fall in house prices could ......... the economy. STABILISE
13 This information is completely ......... to what we're RELEVANT
discussing here.
14 Seeing James after such a long time was really an EXPECTED
surprise.
15 With the unemployment rate going up, more and more people are feeling
......... about their jobs. SECURE
16 Tom can be quite so I wouldn't count on him if I were RELIABLE
you.
17 ..............
Jack is so ..............; he can be really childish at times. MATURE

19 I need to change very

18 Helen was being .........;she wouldn't listen to me at all REASONABLE
my clothes;these ones are very COMFORTABLE
20 Since it's already 6 pm, it's ....... that we'll get home by 7 pm. LIKELY
 'l

Word Formotion
El Fill in the correct form of the words in bold.

1 Each part of the organisation operates ......... of the others. DEPENDENT

2 She leads quite an . life travelling and exploring new places. ADVENTURE
3 Leonardo da Vinci s ......... of the flying machine was INVENT
inspired by the flight of winged animals such as bats and birds.
4 Samuel dreamed of becoming a ................ footballer one day. FAME
5 John made his first stage ......... on Broadway at the age of 13. APPEAR
6 We put all our ......... in the boot of our car and EQUIP
headed off to the camping
mountains.
We re still in ............... with the management about the new AGREE
changes within the company.
8 The ............ of the fire made me feel very sleepy. WARM
I ......... enough, she agreed to lend me her car. SURPRISE
10 She had the ............. to carry on even after she felt exhausted. STRONG
11 The Da Vinci Code was one of the most ......... books I have FASCINATE
ever read.
12 His paintings are .......... of modern culture. SYMBOL
13 The train system within the city of Melbourne follows a ................ .. loop. CIRCLE
t4 It is a basic ......... for us to have good knowledge of the REQUIRE
French language.
15 James is a member of his local ........... club where he ATHLETE
specialises in the long jump.
16 Although we didn t believe him, he claimed that he was telling us nothing but the
TRUE
17 We were amazed by Maria s ......... and stunning beauty. INTELLIGENT
18 l m working on a ........... project to save local wildlife. CONSERVE
19 Danny lives in Astoria, NewYork, but is .......... from Sicily in ORIGIN
Italy.
20 The ............ of America was a turning point in European history. DISCOVER
21 White water rafting is considered to be a dangerous and ............ CHALLENGE
sport.
22 Your life changes ......... when you have children. DRAMA
23 This mysterious masterpiece was painted by a(n) KNOWN
artist of the 19th century.
24 Unfortunately, she is a(n) candidate for the required position. SUIT
25 The new amusement park is bound to provide lots of ENTERTAIN
for people of all ages.
26 Medical experts stress the ............. of healthy eating and IMPORTANT
exercise for a person s well-being.
27 The World Cup final in Brazil attracted more than 70,000
SPECTATE
28 Her dreams had finally become a ................ when she signed REAL
her first record deal.
29 Dishes in each region of ltaly have their own ........... flavours. CHARACTER
30 Albert Einstein was a ......... in the field ol physics and is RESEARCH
famous for his theory of relativity.
31 The prime minister promised that his government would maintain its commitment to
economic ......... and growth. STABLE
32 The ............ of their information can only be verified by the ACCURATE
authorities.
33 His behaviour at times can be quite
mood swings. .......... - he often has PREDICT

34 We need to ............... that all our citizens receive adequate SURE

medical care.
 Word Formqtion

35 We ve tried to make our new line of clothing more .......... .................. to APPEAL
young people.
36 The ............ ......... in their features clearly indicate that they are siblings. SIMILAR
37 Many people are concerned nowadays about the ............. ............... of DESTROY
the world s rainforests.
38 Germany is considered to be a leading of MANUFACTURE
automobiles.
39 its
Belgium is well-known for ......... of fine chocolate. PRODUCE
40 The World Basketball ......... will be held in Madrid, Spain CHAMPION
this year.
41 Toby hopes to pass his exams ......... and enter university. SUCCESS
42 Tom has recently become the ............. of an international DIRECT
finance company.
43 We d be more than ......... to come over for dinner on DELIGHT
Saturday night.
44 They support each other in every possible way and have a bond which seems
BREAK
45 He has achieved remarkable ......... as an author of SUCCEED
children s books.
46 At our school, English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are
......... subjects. OPTION
47 The seminar covered the ............. of popular music over the DEVELOP
years.
48 ln ............... to her other classmates, Cynthia was the only COMPARE
student to have read over 50 books during the school year.
49 Tom s ......... at times can be quite appalling. BEHAVE
50 New laws still do not offer adequate ......... for many PROTECT
endangered species.
51 Courses vary ........... in length and difficulty. CONSIDER
52 Our cruise of the Caribbean lslands was a ...... experience. MEMORY
53 The substantial ............. in the number of jobs recenfly is sure GROW
to help the economy.
54 There was not enough ......... to convict him of the crime. EVIDENT
55 The council will finally fund the ......... of a sports centre. CONSTRUCT
56 New investments in the company will enable it to compete ................ GLOBAL
57 Be careful driving home, the roads have got very ........... tcE
58 The school has made some ......... changes to its curriculum SIGNIFY
this year.
59 ltaly is a Southern ......... country. EUROPE
60 Winning first place in the competition made him very ........... PRIDE
61 Ann works for a ........... sports wear company. LEAD
62 He provided the police with some ......... information. VALUE
63 Yesterday s opera performance was rather IMPRESS
64 This ltalian restaurant offers a wide ........... of ltalian dishes. VARIOUS
65 Your ........... is requested in the managers office. PRESENT
66 We had a special ......... at the fundraising event. VISIT
67 lt s .............. that we won t get to see you when we are in town. FORTUNATE
68 Davie wants to be a(n) ......... and visit far off lands. EXPLORE
69 lt took a(n) ............ effort by everyone involved to get the ORDINARY
project finished.
70 Some people find shopping online very ........... RISK

,l