Solid state 208

9. Amorphous substances show 20. Under which category iodine crystals are placed among the
(A) Short and long range order following
(B) Short range order (a) Ionic crystal (b) Metallic crystal
(C) Long range order (c) Molecular crystal (d) Covalent crystal
(D) Have no sharp M.P. 21. Among solids the highest melting point is established by
(a) A and C are correct (b) B and C are correct [Kerala CET (Med.) 2002]

(c) C and D are correct (d) B and D are correct (a) Covalent solids (b) Ionic solids
10. The characteristic features of solids are [AMU 1994]
(c) Pseudo solids (d) Molecular solids
(a) Definite shape 22. To get a n- type semiconductor, the impurity to be added to
silicon should have which of the following number of valence
(b) Definite size electrons [KCET (Engg.) 2001]
(c) Definite shape and size (a) 1 (b) 2
(d) Definite shape, size and rigidity (c) 3 (d) 5
11. Which one of the following is a good conductor of electricity 23. Which of the following is non-crystalline solid
[MP PMT 1994; AFMC 2002]
(a) (b)
(a) Diamond (b) Graphite
(c) Silicon (d) Amorphous carbon (c) (d) Glass
12. A crystalline solid [Kerala CET (Med.) 2003] 24. The lustre of a metal is due to [AFMC 1998]
(a) Changes abruptly from solid to liquid when heated (a) Its high density (b) Its high polishing
(b) Has no definite melting point (c) Its chemical inertness (d) Presence of free electrons
(c) Undergoes deformation of its geometry easily 25. A crystalline solid have [DCE 2001]
(d) Has an irregular 3-dimensional arrangements (a) Long range order (b) Short range order
(e) Softens slowly (c) Disordered arrangement (d) None of these
13. Diamond is an example of 26. Crystalline solids are [Pb. PMT 1999]
[MP PET/PMT 1998; CET Pune 1998] (a) Glass (b) Rubber
(a) Solid with hydrogen bonding (c) Plastic (d) Sugar
(b) Electrovalent solid
27. Davy and Faraday proved that [Kerala CET (Med.) 2002]
(c) Covalent solid
(a) Diamond is a form of carbon
(d) Glass
(b) The bond lengths of carbon containing compounds are
14. The solid is a bad conductor of electricity since always equal
[AIIMS 1980] (c) The strength of graphite is minimum compared to platinum
(a) In solid there are no ions (d) Graphite is very hard
(b) Solid is covalent 28. Which one of the following metal oxides is antiferromagnetic
(c) In solid there is no velocity of ions in nature [MP PET 2002]

(d) In solid there are no electrons (a) (b)

15. The existence of a substance in more than one solid (c) (d)
modifications is known as or Any compound having more than
two crystal structures is called 29. In graphite, carbon atoms are joined together due to
[MP PMT 1993; MP PET 1999] [AFMC 2002]
(a) Polymorphism (b) Isomorphism (a) Ionic bonding (b) Vander Waal’s forces
(c) Allotropy (d) Enantiomorphism (c) Metallic bonding (d) Covalent bonding
16. Which is not a property of solids [MP PET 1995] 30. Which of the following is not correct for ionic crystals
(a) Solids are always crystalline in nature [Orissa JEE 2002]
(b) Solids have high density and low compressibility (a) They possess high melting point and boiling point
(c) The diffusion of solids is very slow (b) All are electrolyte
(d) Solids have definite volume (c) Exhibit the property of isomorphism
17. Which solid will have the weakest intermolecular forces
(d) Exhibit directional properties of the bond
(a) Ice (b) Phosphorus
31. Which of the following is a molecular crystal
(c) Naphthalene (d) Sodium fluoride
18. Dulong and Petit’s law is valid only for [KCET 2004] (a) (b)
(a) Metals (b) Non-metals (c) Graphite (d) Ice
(c) Gaseous elements (d) Solid elements 32. Quartz is a crystalline variety of [Pb. PMT 2000]
19. Which of the following is an example of metallic crystal solid (a) Silica (b) Sodium silicate
(a) (b) (c) Silicon carbide (d) Silicon
(c) (d) 33. Which type of solid crystals will conduct heat and electricity
[RPET 2000]
 209 Solid state
(a) Ionic (b) Covalent (b) and
(c) Metallic (d) Molecular
(c) and
34. Which of the following is an example of covalent crystal solid
(a) (b) (d) and
(c) (d) 4. Rhombic sulphur has the following structure
35. Which of the following is an example of ionic crystal solid (a) Open chain
(b) Tetrahedral
(a) Diamond (b)
(c) Puckered 6-membered ring
(c) (d) Silicon (d) Puckered 8-membered ring
36. Which one is an example of amorphous solid
5. Space lattice of is [MP PMT 1993]
(a) Glass (b) Salt
(a) Face centred cubic
(c) Cesium chloride (d) Calcium fluoride
(b) Body centred cubic
37. Silicon is [MHCET 2004]
(c) Simple cubic
(a) Semiconductor (b) Insulator
(d) Hexagonal closed packing
(c) Conductor (d) None of these
6. For cubic coordination the value of radius ratio is
38. Which of the following statements about amorphous solids is
incorrect [KCET 2004]
(a) (b)
(a) They melt over a range of temperature (c) (d)
(b) They are anisotropic 7. How many space lattices are obtainable from the different
(c) There is no orderly arrangement of particles crystal systems [MP PMT 1996; MP PET/PMT 1998]
(d) They are rigid and incompressible (a) 7 (b) 14
39. The ability of a given substance to assume two or more (c) 32 (d) 230
crystalline structure is called [DCE 2004] 8. Example of unit cell with crystallographic dimensions
(a) Amorphism (b) Isomorphism is [AFMC 1998]
(c) Polymorphism (d) Isomerism (a) Calcite (b) Graphite
40. Glass is (c) Rhombic sulphur (d) Monoclinic sulphur
(a) Supercooled liquid (b) Crystalline solid 9. In a face-centered cubic lattice, a unit cell is shared equally by
(c) Amorphous solid (d) Liquid crystal how many unit cells [CBSE PMT 2005]
(a) 8 (b) 4
(c) 2 (d) 6
Crystallography and Lattice 10. The maximum radius of sphere that can be fitted in the
octahedral hole of cubical closed packing of sphere of radius
1. The correct statement in the following is [MP PET 1997]
is
(a) The ionic crystal of has Schottky defect
(a) 0.732 (b) 0.414
(b) The unit cell having crystal parameters,
(c) 0.225 (d) 0.155
is hexagonal
11. The unit cell of a lattice
(a) Is body centred cube (b) Has ions
(c) In ionic compounds having Frenkel defect the ratio is
(c) Has units (d) Is electrically charged
high
(d) The coordination number of ion in is 4 12. For tetrahedral coordination number, the radius ratio is
2. Which of the following is correct [DPMT 1997]
Crystal Axial Axial Examples [KCET 2000]
system distance angles (a) (b)
(a) Cubic a b=c == Cu, KCl (c) (d)
90o
13. What type of lattice is found in potassium chloride crystal
(b) Monoclinic a b=c === PbCrO2,
[MP PMT 1996]
90o PbCrO4
(a) Face centred cubic (b) Body centred cubic
(c) Rhombohed a=b=c == CaCO3,
ral 90o HgS (c) Simple cubic (d) Simple tetragonal
14. The three dimensional graph of lattice points which sets the
(d) Triclinic a=b=c =
K2Cr2O7,
pattern for the whole lattice is called
CuSO4.
90o
5H2O (a) Space lattice (b) Simple lattice
3. Tetragonal crystal system has the following unit cell (c) Unit cell (d) Crystal lattice
dimensions [MP PMT 1993] 15. Crystals can be classified into ...... basic crystal habits
[MP PMT 1994]
(a) and
(a) 3 (b) 7
 Solid state 210
(c) 14 (d) 4 1. If ‘Z’ is the number of atoms in the unit cell that represents the
16. How many molecules are there in the unit cell of sodium closest packing sequence
chloride [MP PMT 1996; MP PET 1997] the number of tetrahedral voids in the unit cell is equal to
(a) 2 (b) 4 [AIIMS 2005]
(c) 6 (d) 8 (a) Z (b) 2 Z
17. In a crystal, the atoms are located at the position of
(c) Z/2 (d) Z/4
[AMU 1985]
(a) Maximum P.E. (b) Minimum P.E. 2. The close packing represents ABC ABC...... order of
(c) Zero P.E. (d) Infinite P.E. (a) Body centred cubic packing
18. The total number of lattice arrangements in different crystal (b) Face centred cubic packing
systems is [KCET (Engg.) 2001] (c) Simple cubic packing
(a) 3 (b) 7 (d) Hexagonal cubic closed packing
(c) 8 (d) 14
3. The arrangement ABC ABC ABC ….. is referred as
19. Monoclinic crystal has dimension [DCE 2000]
[MP PET 2001]
(a)
(a) Octahedral close packing (b) Hexagonal close packing
(b) (c) Tetragonal close packing (d) Cubic close packing
(c) 4. The number of close neighbour in a body-centred cubic lattice
(d) of identical sphere is [MP PET 2001]

20. The low solubility of in water can be attributed to (a) 8 (b) 6

(c) 4 (d) 2
[CBSE PMT 1991]
(a) High lattice energy (b) Dissociation energy 5. The number of equidistant oppositely charged ions in a sodium
chloride crystal is [MP PET 2001]
(c) Low lattice energy (d) Ionic bond
21. Bravais lattices are of [MP PMT 1997]
(a) 8 (b) 6
(a) 8 types (b) 12 types (c) 4 (d) 2
(c) 14 types (d) 9 types 6. and crystallize in BCC and FCC type crystals
22. The structure of is similar to What would be the respectively, then the number of atoms of and
radius ratio in present in the unit cell of their respective crystal is
[AIEEE 2002]
(a) (b)
(a) 4 and 2 (b) 9 and 14
(c) (d)
(c) 14 and 9 (d) 2 and 4
23. Structure similar to zinc blende is found in
7. An type structure is found in [AIIMS 2002]
(a) (b)
(c) (d) (a) (b)

24. The structure of crystal is (c) (d)

(a) type (b) type 8. Potassium crystallizes with a [MP PET/PMT 1998]
(c) type (d) Antifluorite (a) Face-centred cubic lattice
25. Structure of is (b) Body-centred cubic lattice
(a) Body centred cubic (b) Face centred cubic (c) Simple cubic lattice
(c) Simple cube (d) Fluorite structure (d) Orthorhombic lattice
26. The crystal system of a compound with unit cell dimensions 9. If the number of atoms per unit in a crystal is 2, the structure of
, and and crystal is
(a) Octahedral
and is [AIIMS 2004]
(b) Body centred cubic bcc
(a) Cubic (b) Hexagonal
(c) Face centred cubic fcc
(c) Orthorhombic (d) Rhombohedral
27. The number of tetrahedral voids in the unit cell of a face (d) simple cubic
centered cubic lattice of similar atoms is [Kerala PMT 2004] 10. The intermetallic compound crystallizes in cubic lattice
(a) 4 (b) 6 in which both lithium and silver have coordination number of
(c) 8 (d) 10 eight. The crystal class is
28. An unit cell of aluminium contains the equivalent of how [CBSE PMT 1997]
many atoms [DCE 2003] (a) Simple cube (b) Body-centred cube
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) Face-centred cube (d) None of these
(c) 3 (d) 4 11. The number of octahedral sites per sphere in a fcc structure is
[MP PMT 2000, 01]
Crystal packing (a) 8 (b) 4
(c) 2 (d) 1
 211 Solid state
12. Hexagonal close packed arrangement of ions is described as 25. Hexagonal close packing is found in crystal lattice of
[MP PMT 1994] [MH CET 2002]
(a) ABC ABA (b) ABC ABC (a) (b)
(c) ABABA (d) ABBAB
(c) (d) None of these
13. An example of a body cube is [AIIMS 1996]
(a) Sodium (b) Magnesium 26. Which ion has the largest radius from the following ions
(c) Zinc (d) Copper (a) (b)
14. An example of fluorite structure is (c) (d)
(a) (b)

(c) (d) Mathematical analysis of cubic system and

15. In which of the following crystals alternate tetrahedral voids are Bragg’s equation
occupied? [IIT 2005]
(a) NaCl (b) ZnS 1. The formula for determination of density of unit cell is
(c) CaF2 (d) Na2O
16. Which of the following contains rock salt structure (a) (b)
(a) (b)

(c) (d) All (c) (d)

17. In the fluorite structure, the coordination number of ion

2. Potassium fluoride has type structure. What is the
is
distance between and ions if cell edge is
(a) 4 (b) 6
(c) 8 (d) 3 (a) (b)
18. The ratio of close-packed atoms to tetrahedral holes in cubic (c) (d)
close packing is [Pb. PMT 1998] 3. An element occurring in the structure has
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 unit cells. The total number of atoms of the
(c) 1 : 3 (d) 2 : 1 element in these cells will be [MP PET 1994]
19. A solid is made of two elements and . The atoms are (a) (b)
in CCP arrangement while the atom occupy all the (c) (d)
tetrahedral sites. What is the formula of the compound 4. If an atom is present in the centre of the cube, the participation
[UPSEAT 2004] of that atom per unit cell is
(a) (b)
(a) (b) 1
(c) (d)
20. An ionic compound has a unit cell consisting of A ions at the
(c) (d)
corners of a cube and B ions on the centres of the faces of the
cube. The empirical formula for this compound would be
5. For an ionic crystal of the general formula and
[CBSE PMT 2004; AIEEE 2005]
coordination number 6, the value of radius ratio will be
(a) (b) [MP PMT 1993]
(c) (d) (a) Greater than 0.73
(b) In between 0.73 and 0.41
21. The vacant space in the bcc unit cell is
(c) In between 0.41 and 0.22
(a) 32% (b) 23%
(d) Less than 0.22
(c) 26% (d) None of these
6. The number of spheres contained (i) in one body centred cubic
22. The number of octahedral voids in a unit cell of a cubical
unit cell and (ii) in one face centred cubic unit cell, is
closest packed structure is
(a) In (i) 2 and in (ii) 4 (b) In (i) 3 and in (ii) 2
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) In (i) 4 and in (ii) 2 (d) In (i) 2 and in (ii) 3
(c) 4 (d) 8
23. In the closest packed structure of a metallic lattice, the number 7. crystal has structure. It has an edge length of
of nearest neighbours of a metallic atom is The shortest interionic distance between and
[JIPMER 2002]
ions is [IIT 1995]
(a) Twelve (b) Four
(c) Eight (d) Six (a) (b)
24. In the rock salt structure, the number of formula units per unit (c) (d)
cell is equal to 8. In octahedral holes (voids)
(a) 1 (b) 2
(a) A simple triangular void surrounded by four spheres
(c) 3 (d) 4
 Solid state 212
(b) A bi-triangular void surrounded by four spheres 18. For an ionic crystal of the type the value of (limiting)
(c) A bi-triangular void surrounded by six spheres radius ratio is 0.40. The value suggests that the crystal structure
(d) A bi-triangular void surrounded by eight spheres should be
9. Bragg's law is given by the equation [MP PMT 1995, 2002]
(a) Octahedral (b) Tetrahedral
(c) Square planar (d) Plane triangle
(a) (b)
19. Potassium has a structure with nearest neighbour distance
(c) (d) Its atomic weight is 39. Its density (in )
will be [AIIMS 1991]
10. The number of atoms in of an crystal with (a) 454 (b) 804
density and cell edge equal to is (c) 852 (d) 908
equal to [CBSE PMT 1994; KCET 2002]
20. If the value of ionic radius ratio is 0.52 in an ionic
(a) (b)

(c) (d) compound, the geometrical arrangement of ions in crystal is

11. In the crystals of which of the following ionic compounds (a) Tetrahedral (b) Planar
would you expect maximum distance between centres of (c) Octahedral (d) Pyramidal
cations and anions [CBSE PMT 1998] 21. The number of atoms/molecules contained in one face centred
(a) (b) cubic unit cell of a monoatomic substance is
[CPMT 1989, 94; CBSE PMT 1989, 96; NCERT 1990;
(c) (d) MP PET 1993; KCET 1999]
12. The number of unit cells in of is nearly (a) 1 (b) 2
[MP PMT 2000, 01] (c) 4 (d) 6
22. The number of atoms/molecules contained in one body centered
(a) (b) cubic unit cell is
(c) (d) (a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 4 (d) 6
13. How many unit cells are present in a cube-shaped ideal crystal
of of mass [Atomic masses: 23. It the distance between and ions in sodium chloride
[AIEEE 2003] crystal is pm, the length of the edge of the unit cell is [KCET
2004]
(a) unit cells (b) unit cells (a) 4X pm (b) X/4 pm
(c) unit cells (d) unit cells (c) X/2 pm (d) 2X pm
14. In the Bragg’s equation for diffraction of X-rays, n 24. The edge of unit cell of FCC crystal is . The
represents for [MP PMT 2000] radius of atom is [MP PET 2004]
(a) Quantum number (b) An integer (a) 219.25 Pm (b) 235.16 Pm
(c) Avogadro’s numbers (d) Moles (c) 189.37 Pm (d) 209.87 Pm
15. In a face centred cubic cell, an atom at the face contributes to 25. In orthorhombic, the value of and are respectively
the unit cell and . given the molecular mass of
[Karnataka (Engg./Med.) 2000; AFMC 2001]
the solute is and that of density is
(a) 1/4 part (b) 1/8 part
, the number of formula units per unit cell is
(c) 1 part (d) 1/2 part
[Orrisa JEE 2005]
16. The interionic distance for cesium chloride crystal will be (a) 2 (b) 3
[MP PET 2002] (c) 4 (d) 6
26. A metal has bcc structure and the edge length of its unit cell is
(a) a (b)
. The volume of the unit cell in will be
[Orrisa JEE 2005]
(c) (d) (a) (b)

17. Sodium metal crystallizes as a body centred cubic lattice with (c) (d)
the cell edge 4.29 Å. What is the radius of sodium atom 27. In face centred cubic unit cell edge length is [DPMT 2005]
[AIIMS 1999]
(a) (b) (a) (b)

(c) (d)
(c) (d)
 213 Solid state
(c) ions has coordination number 6
Crystal structure and Coordination number
(d) Each unit cell contains molecules
1. A solid has a structure in which atoms are located at the 10. In structure, the coordination number of is
corners of a cubic lattice atoms at the centre of edges and [MP PMT 2001]
atoms at the centre of the cube. The formula for the
(a) Equal to that of , that is 6
compound is [KCET 1996]
(b) Equal to that of , that is 8
(a) (b)
(c) Not equal to that of , that is 6
(c) (d)
(d) Not equal to that of , that is 8
2. Potassium crystallizes in a lattice, hence the coordination
number of potassium in potassium metal is 11. In a solid ‘AB’ having the structure, ‘A’ atoms occupy
[KCEE 1993] the corners of the cubic unit cell. If all the face-centered atoms
(a) 0 (b) 4 along one of the axes are removed, then the resultant
stoichiometry of the solid is [IIT Screening 2001]
(c) 6 (d) 8
3. Body centered cubic lattice has a coordination number of (a) (b)
[AIIMS 1996; MP PMT 2002] (c) (d)
(a) 4 (b) 8
12. In solid each is closely packed with how many
(c) 12 (d) 6
[MP PET 2003]
4. A compound is formed by elements and This
(a) 8 (b) 6
crystallizes in the cubic structure when atoms are the corners (c) 10 (d) 2
of the cube and atoms are at the centre of the body. The
13. In ionic compound, radii of and ions are
simplest formula of the compounds is
[KCET 1993; CBSE PMT 2000; Kerala PMT 2002] and respectively. The crystal structure
of this compound will be
(a) (b)
(a) type (b) type
(c) (d) (c) type (d) Similar to diamond
5. Coordination number for is [AMU 1982] 14. In which of the following substances the carbon atom is
(a) 1 (b) 6 arranged in a regular tetrahedral structure [NCERT 1978]
(c) 8 (d) 12 (a) Diamond (b) Benzene
(c) Graphite (d) Carbon black
6. In the crystal of the nearest neighbours of each ion
are [MP PET 1993]
15. The coordination number of a metal crystallizing in a
hexagonal close packed structure is
(a) Six chloride ions (b) Eight chloride ions
[NCERT 1978; IIT 1999]
(c) Six ions (d) Eight ions (a) 4 (b) 12
7. In a cubic structure of compound which is made from X and Y, (c) 8 (d) 6
where X atoms are at the corners of the cube and Y at the face 16. The structure of is similar to What would be
centres of the cube. The molecular formula of the compound is
[AIIMS 2000]
the coordination number of magnesium
(a) 2 (b) 4
(a) (b)
(c) 6 (d) 8
(c) (d) 17. How many chloride ions are there around sodium ion in sodium
chloride crystal [NCERT 1979, 80; CPMT 1988;
8. Ferrous oxide has a cubic structure and each edge of the unit
BHU 1982, 87; MP PET 1995, 99]
cell is 5.0 Å. Assuming density of the oxide as
(a) 3 (b) 8
, then the number of and ions
(c) 4 (d) 6
present in each unit cell will be [MP PET 2000]
18. Most crystals show good cleavage because their atoms, ions or
(a) Four and four molecules are [CBSE PMT 1991]

(b) Two and four (a) Weakly bonded together

(b) Strongly bonded together
(c) Four and two (c) Spherically symmetrical
(d) Three and three (d) Arranged in planes
19. An example of a non-stoichiometric compound is
9. Which of the following statements is not true about [NCERT 1983]
structure [DCE 2001]
(a) (b)
(a) ions are in fcc arrangement
(c) (d)
(b) ions has coordination number 4
 Solid state 214
20. If the radius ratio is in the range of then the (c) A unit cell of an ionic crystal shares some of its ions with
coordination number will be other unit cells
(a) 2 (b) 4 (d) The length of the unit cell in is 552
(c) 6 (d) 8
21. If the radius ratio is in the range of then
33. The co-ordination number of in is
the coordination number will be
[Orrisa JEE 2005]
(a) 2 (b) 4
(a) 6 (b) 8
(c) 6 (d) 8
(c) 4 (d) 1
22. What is the coordination number of sodium in 34. In the calcium fluoride structure the co-ordination number of
[AIIMS 2003] the cation and anions are respectively [J & K 2005]
(a) 6 (b) 4 (a) 6, 6 (b) 8, 4
(c) 8 (d) 2 (c) 4, 4 (d) 4, 8
23. The ratio of cationic radius to anionic radius in an ionic crystal is
greater than 0.732. Its coordination number is Defects in crystal
[KCET 2003]
(a) 6 (b) 8 1. Certain crystals produce electric signals on application of
pressure. This phenomenon is called [BHU 2005]
(c) 1 (d) 4
(a) Pyroelectricity (b) Ferroelectricity
24. In lattice the coordination number of ion is
(c) Peizoelectricity (d) Ferrielectricity
(a) 2 (b) 4 2. Which defect causes decrease in the density of crystal
(c) 8 (d) 12 [KCET 2000, 05]
25. Crystal structure of is [NCERT 1982; BHU 1995] (a) Frenkel (b) Schottky
(a) (b) (c) Interstitial (d) centre
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None 3. The correct statement regarding centre is
26. In lattice the coordination number of ion is (a) Electron are held in the voids of crystals
(a) 2 (b) 4 (b) centre produces colour to the crystals
(c) 6 (d) 8 (c) Conductivity of the crystal increases due to centre
27. In zinc blende structure the coordination number of ion (d) All
is 4. Doping of silicon (Si) with boron (B) leads to
(a) 2 (b) 4 [UPSEAT 2004]
(c) 6 (d) 8 (a) -type semiconductor (b) -type semiconductor
28. Coordination number of ion in rock salt is (c) Metal (d) Insulator
[BVP 2004] 5. If is doped with then the
(a) 12 (b) 4 concentration of cation vacancies will be
(c) 8 (d) 6
(a) (b)
29. The number of ions around one in crystal
lattice is [MP PET 1996; BVP 2004] (c) (d)
(a) 12 (b) 4 6. In the laboratory, sodium chloride is made by burning the
(c) 8 (d) 6 sodium in the atmosphere of chlorine which is yellow in colour.
30. The number of atoms present in unit cell of a monoatomic The cause of yellow colour is
substance of simple cubic lattice is [Pb. PMT 2004] (a) Presence of ions in the crystal lattice
(a) 6 (b) 3
(b) Presence of ions in the crystal lattice
(c) 2 (d) 1
31. The coordination number of a metal crystallizing in a (c) Presence of electron in the crystal lattice
hexagonal close packed chep structure is [MP PMT 2004] (d) Presence of face centered cubic crystal lattice
(a) 12 (b) 8 7. Frenkel defect is caused due to [MP PET 1994]
(c) 4 (d) 6 (a) An ion missing from the normal lattice site creating a
32. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct vacancy
[IIT 1998] (b) An extra positive ion occupying an interstitial position in
(a) The coordination number of each type of ion in the lattice
crystal is 8 (c) An extra negative ion occupying an interstitial position in
(b) A metal that crystallizes in structure has a the lattice
coordination number of 12 (d) The shift of a positive ion from its normal lattice site to an
interstitial site
 215 Solid state
8. Which one of the following has Frenkel defect 19. The flame colours of metal ions are due to [KCET 2003]
[MP PMT 2000] (a) Frenkel defect (b) Schottky defect
(a) Sodium chloride (b) Graphite (c) Metal deficiency defect (d) Metal excess defect
(c) Silver bromide (d) Diamond 20. Which one of the following crystals does not exhibit Frenkel
9. Schottky defect generally appears in [DCE 2004] defect [MP PET 2002]
(a) (b) (a) AgBr (b) AgCl
(c) KBr (d) ZnS
(c) (d) All of these 21. In a solid lattice the cation has left a lattice site and is located at
10. Schottky defect in crystals is observed when an interstitial position, the lattice defect is
[CBSE PMT 1998; KCET 2002] [AIIMS 1982, 1991; DCE 2002; J & K 2005]
(a) Density of crystal is increased (a) Interstitial defect (b) Valency defect
(b) Unequal number of cations and anions are missing from (c) Frenkel defect (d) Schottky defect
the lattice 22. When electrons are trapped into the crystal in anion vacancy,
(c) An ion leaves its normal site and occupies an interstitial the defect is known as [BHU 2005]
site (a) Schotky defect (b) Frenkel defect
(d) Equal number of cations and anions are missing from the (c) Stoichiometric defect (d) F-centres
lattice 23. Schottky defect defines imperfection in the lattice structure of a
[AIIMS 2002]
11. Ionic solids, with Schottky defects, contain in their structure
(a) Solid (b) Liquid
[CBSE PMT 1994]
(c) Gas (d) Plasma
(a) Equal number of cation and anion vacancies
(b) Anion vacancies and interstitial anions
(c) Cation vacancies only
(d) Cation vacancies and interstitial cations
12. The following is not a function of an impurity present in a
crystal [MP PET 1995]
(a) Establishing thermal equilibrium
(b) Having tendency to diffuse 1. Amorphous solids are
(a) Solid substance in real sense
(c) Contributing to scattering
(b) Liquid in real sense
(d) Introducing new electronic energy levels
(c) Supercooled liquid
13. Due to Frenkel defect, the density of ionic solids
(d) Substance with definite melting point
[MP PET 1996; MP PMT 2002]
2. Silicon is found in nature in the form of [MH CET 2002]
(a) Increases (b) Decreases
(a) Body centered cubic structure
(c) Does not change (d) Changes (b) Hexagonal close-packed structure
14. Point defects are present in [MP PMT 1997] (c) Network solid
(a) Ionic solids (b) Molecular solids (d) Face centered cubic structure
(c) Amorphous solids (d) Liquids 3. A match box exhibits [MP PET 1993, 95]
15. If a non-metal is added to the interstitial sites of a metal then (a) Cubic geometry (b) Monoclinic geometry
the metal becomes [DCE 2001] (c) Orthorhombic geometry (d) Tetragonal geometry
(a) Softer (b) Less tensile 4. Which has no rotation of symmetry [Orrisa JEE 2004]
(c) Less malleable (d) More ductile (a) Hexagonal (b) Orthorhombic
16. In crystal, the ion size lies in the order (c) Cubic (d) Triclinic
The crystal should have the following 5. Which of the following molecules has three-fold axis of
symmetry [UPSEAT 2004]
characteristics
(a) Defectless (perfect) crystal (a) (b)
(b) Schottky defect only (c) (d)
(c) Frenkel defect only
6. Which one possess a antifluorite structure
(d) Both Schottky and Frenkel defects
17. Frenkel and Schottky defects are [BHU 2003]
(a) (b)
(a) Nucleus defects (b) Non-crystal defects (c) (d)
(c) Crystal defects (d) None of these 7. Which one of the following is the biggest ion [MP PET 1993]
18. Which one of the following is the most correct statement
(a) (b)
(a) Brass is an interstitial alloy, while steel is a substitutional
alloy (c) (d)
(b) Brass is a substitutional alloy, while steel is an interstitial 8. The edge length of face centred unit cubic cell is If
alloy
the radius of the cation is the radius of the anion is
(c) Brass and steel are both substitutional alloys
[CBSE PMT 1998]
(d) Brass and steel are both interstitial alloys
 Solid state 216
(a) (b) [MHCET 2003]
(a) Mica (b) Spodumene
(c) (d)
(c) Zeolite (d) None of these
9. An element (atomic mass having (e) 12
structure has unit cell edge Then density of the
element is
[CBSE PMT 1996; AIIMS 2002]
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
10. If the pressure on a structure is increased, then its Read the assertion and reason carefully to mark the correct option out
coordination number will [AFMC 2000] of the options given below :
(a) Increase (b) Decrease (a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the
(c) Remain the same (d) Either (b) or (c) correct explanation of the assertion.
11. The pyknometric density of sodium chloride crystal is (b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the
while its X-rays density is correct explanation of the assertion.
. The fraction of unoccupied sites in (c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
sodium chloride crystal is [CBSE PMT 2003] (d) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(e) If assertion is false but reason is true.
(a) (b)
(c) (d) 1. Assertion : Diamond is a precious stone.
12. Which of the following statements is correct for Reason : Carbon atoms are tetrahedrally arranged in
diamond. [AIIMS 1994 ]
[IIT 1996]
(a) It is a covalent compound 2. Assertion : In crystal lattice, the size of the cation is
larger in a tetrahedral hole than in an
(b) It contains and ions octahedral hole.
(c) It contains and ions Reason : The cations occupy more space than anions in
crystal packing. [AIIMS 1996]
(d) It contains and lattice molecule
3. Assertion : Crystalline solids have short range order.
13. In which compound 8 : 8 coordination is found Reason : Amorphous solids have long range order.
[EAMCET 1984]
[AIIMS 1999]
(a) (b)
4. Assertion : In any ionic solid (MX) with Schottky
(c) (d) All of these defects, the number of positive and negative
ions are same.
14. If the coordination of in is 8, then the
Reason : Equal number of cation and anion vacancies
coordination number of ion would be are present.
(a) 3 (b) 4 [IIT Screening 2001]
(c) 6 (d) 8 5. Assertion : Space or crystal lattice differ in symmetry of
15. For some crystals, the radius ratio for cation and anion is 0.525, the arrangement of points.
its coordination number will be
(a) 2 (b) 4 Reason : , is known as Bragg’s equation.
(c) 6 (d) 8 6. Assertion : In close packing of spheres, a tetrahedral void
16. The basic building unit of all silicates is [UPSEAT 2002] is surrounded by four spheres whereas an
octahedral void is surrounded by six spheres.
(a) square planar (b) tetrahedron
Reason : A tetrahedral void has a tetrahedral shape
(c) octahedron (d) linear whereas an octahedral void has an octahedral
shape.
17. What type of crystal defect is indicated in the diagram below
[AIEEE 2004] 7. Assertion : Cyclic silicates and chain silicates have the
same general molecular formula.
Reason : In cyclic silicates, three corners of each
 
tetrahedron are shared while in chain
 silicates only two are shared with other
 tetrahedra.
(a) Interstitial defect 8. Assertion : The presence of a large number of Schottky
(b) Schottky defect defects in lowers its density.
(c) Frenkel defect Reason : In , there are approximately
(d) Frenkel and Schottky defects
Schottky pairs per at room temperature.
18. Which of the following is a three dimensional silicate
 217 Solid state
9. Assertion : Anion vacancies in alkali halides are Mathematical analysis of cubic system and
produced by heating the alkali halide crystals Bragg’s equation
with alkali metal vapour.
Reason : Electrons trapped in anion vacancies are
referred to as -centres. 1 b 2 b 3 a 4 b 5 b

10. Assertion : Electrical conductivity of semiconductors 6 a 7 b 8 c 9 b 10 a

increases with increasing temperature.
11 c 12 c 13 a 14 b 15 d
Reason : With increase in temperature, large number of
electrons from the valence band can jump to 16 c 17 a 18 b 19 d 20 c
the conduction band.
21 c 22 b 23 d 24 a 25 c
11. Assertion : On heating ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic
substances, they become paramagnetic. 26 b 27 b
Reason : The electrons change their spin on heating.
12. Assertion : Lead zirconate is a piezoelectric crystal.
Crystal structure and Coordination number
Reason : Lead zirconate crystals have no dipole
moment.
1 b 2 d 3 b 4 a 5 d

6 b 7 d 8 a 9 b 10 b

11 d 12 a 13 b 14 a 15 b

16 c 17 d 18 d 19 b 20 d

21 c 22 b 23 b 24 c 25 a
Type of solid and Their properties
26 c 27 b 28 d 29 d 30 d

1 a 2 b 3 a 4 a 5 b 31 a 32 acd 33 a 34 b
6 c 7 c 8 b 9 d 10 d
11 b 12 a 13 c 14 c 15 a Defects in crystal
16 a 17 a 18 d 19 c 20 c
21 b 22 d 23 d 24 d 25 a 1 c 2 b 3 d 4 d 5 a

26 d 27 a 28 a 29 d 30 d 6 c 7 d 8 c 9 d 10 d

31 d 32 a 33 c 34 a 35 b 11 a 12 a 13 c 14 a 15 b
36 a 37 a 38 b 39 c 40 ac 16 c 17 c 18 c 19 d 20 c

21 c 22 d 23 a
Crystallography and Lattice

1 b 2 c 3 b 4 d 5 a Critical Thinking Questions

6 a 7 b 8 d 9 d 10 b
1 c 2 c 3 c 4 d 5 a
11 c 12 c 13 a 14 c 15 b
6 a 7 b 8 c 9 b 10 a
16 b 17 b 18 b 19 a 20 a
21 c 22 d 23 c 24 d 25 b 11 a 12 c 13 a 14 b 15 c

26 b 27 c 28 d 16 b 17 b 18 c

Crystal packing Assertion & Reason

1 b 2 b 3 d 4 a 5 b 1 b 2 d 3 d 4 a 5 b
6 d 7 c 8 b 9 b 10 b 6 c 7 c 8 b 9 b 10 a
11 d 12 c 13 a 14 b 15 b
11 a 12 c
16 b 17 c 18 b 19 c 20 c
21 a 22 c 23 a 24 d 25 b
26 a