JOB HAZARD
ANALYSIS
131
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
“The Process of Determining the
Hazards Associated with a Job is
often referred to as a JHA or a
Job Hazard Analysis”
Some called this as JSA or Job Safety Analysis
USES OF JHA
Create and/or improve work SOP’s
Guide in observing employee performance
Safety Inspection
Incident / Accident Investigation
PRIORITIES IN JHA
High frequency of accident or near-misses.
History of serious accident or fatalities.
Potential for serious harm.
New jobs / Machines / Equipment.
New or Changes in procedures, standards or process.
WHO SHALL CONDUCT JHA?
JHA is a Team effort of:
Supervisor
Employee most familiar with the job
Other employees who perform the job
Experts or specialists (Safety Officer, Maintenance
Personnel, OH Personnel, e.g. Nurses, Doctors,
Industrial Hygienists, Ergonomists or Engineers)
JHA STEPS
JHA involves 3 steps procedure
1. Identify basic steps of a job;
2. Determine associated hazards
3. Make recommendations to
control the hazards
IDENTIFY THE BASIC JOB STEPS
1. Watch carefully and observe as our member
operator/worker performs the entire job or
work process.
2. As the member, operator/worker performs
the job, list the individual steps, using a JHA
Form/sheet or any sheet of paper with 3
column. Used the 1st column.
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS Job or Operation Title:
Department / Division: Job Location: Position of Employee Doing the Job:
Date Performed: Performed by: Verified by:
Special or Primary Hazard:
Personal Protective Equipment Required or Recommended
Basic Job Steps Existing and Potential Hazards Recommended Corrective Measures
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS Job or Operation Title:
Department / Division: Job Location: Position of Employee Doing the Job:
Date Performed: Performed by: Verified by:
Special or Primary Hazard:
Personal Protective Equipment Required or Recommended
Basic Job Steps Existing and Potential Hazards Recommended Corrective Measures
1.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. 139
8.
RECOMMENDING CORRECTIVE MEASURES
In performing a Job Hazards Analysis
Basic Job Steps Existing & Potential Recommendation
Hazards
1.1.1
1 1.1.2
1.1 1.1.3
1.2
2 1.2.1
1.2.1
2.1
1.2.3
2.2
IDENTIFY THE BASIC JOB STEPS
3. Using simple action phrases
that are short and straight to
the point.
4. Steps should always be
numbered to indicate the
order.
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS Job or Operation Title:
Department / Division: Job Location: Position of Employee Doing the Job:
Construction
Date Performed: Performed by: Verified by:
Special or Primary Hazard:
Personal Protective Equipment Required or Recommended
Basic Job Steps Existing and Potential Hazards Recommended Corrective Measures
1. Cutting materials(use of
grinder)
2. Welding of materials (use of
welding machine)
3. Grinding and polishing rough
edges(use of grinder)
4. Painting of the finished product(
use of spray paint)
DETERMINE THE HAZARDS
Identify all of the existing or potential actions or conditions that
could lead to an injury or illness, damage in property or harm to the
environment.
Hazard Guide (PEME)
The Physical Environment or Working Condition
under which the step is normally performed.
The Ergonomic Approach or actions / movement required
for that specific step/job.
The Materials used.
The Equipment used.
Determine the Hazards – Guide
Physical Environment – Working Conditions
Noisy environment
Temperatures extremes
Vibration present
Poor or high Illumination
Pressure (atmospheric force)
Ergonomic Approach – Action or Movement
Force (weight)
Frequency (repetition)
Posture (prolonged)
Position (distance)
Determine the Hazards – Guide
Materials used
Chemicals
Corrosive
Flammable / Explosive
Volatile
Equipment or tools used
Mechanical hazard
Electrical hazard
Sharp…etc
IDENTIFY POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Typical Questions to Consider
Physical Conditions Materials Equipment Conditions
Unguarded moving
Excessive force required? Toxic? Adequate lighting?
parts?
Controls positioned
Awkward or unstable position? Flammable or combustible? appropriately? Temperature extremes?
Repetitive motion? Heavy? Interlocks required? Excessive noise?
Emergency stop switches
Simultaneous actions required? Difficult to move? accessible? Ventilation required?
Lifting, pushing or pulling
Does equipment store energy?
involved?
Specific sequence of action
necessary?
Determine the Hazards – Guide
In performing a Job Hazards Analysis
Basic Job Steps Existing & Potential
Hazards
1
1-A
1-B
2
2-A
2-B
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS Job or Operation Title: Fabrication of Metal Racks
Department / Division: Job Location: Position of Employee Doing the Job:
Date Performed: Performed by: Verified by:
Special or Primary Hazard:
Personal Protective Equipment Required or Recommended
Basic Job Steps Existing and Potential Hazards Recommended Corrective Measures
1. Cutting materials(use of grinder) 1.1 Electric shock-burn injuries
1.2 Noise-ear irritations
2. Welding of materials (use of welding 2.1 Electric shock-flash burn
machine)
2.2 inhalation of fumes
2.3 Hot flame-fire, welding sparks
3. Grinding and polishing rough edges(use 3.1 Hand finger caught/abrasion due to rotating
of grinder) disk
3.2 Struck by grind particles
4. Painting of the finished product( use of 4.1 inhalation of solvent fumes
spray paint)
4.2 absorption of spray mist
Recommending Corrective Measures
Should be developed in according to the
type of job or site whenever possible
Should be developed in sequence, beginning
with the first hazard
Must be specific
Recommending Corrective Measures
Correcting or Controlling the Hazards
Engineering Control
Administrative Control
Personal Protective Equipment
Recommending Corrective Measures
Four (4) factors in job to control hazards by
implementing the Engineering, Administrative and PPE
Controls
Physical Environment – working condition
Ergonomic Approach – action/movement
Material or used
Equipment or Tools used
Recommending Corrective Measures
Physical Environment – the Working Conditions
Implementation of Engineering, Administrative and PPE
Improved housekeeping procedures
Installation of additional lighting
Use ventilation system
Noise reduction systems
Vibration damping
Relocation (isolation by place), Rescheduling (isolation by time)
Provide additional Training
Use of PPE
List possible PPE even if engineering controls have been recommended
Recommending Corrective Measures
Ergonomic Approach (Involve Actions /
Movement)
Implementation of Engineering, Administrative and PPE
Redesign of the work area based on;
Height Rearranging
Combining actions
Weight
Change the process
Distance Provide additional Training
Modifying or revising Use of PPE
Recommending Corrective Measures
Materials Involves or used
Implementation of Engineering Administrative and PPE
Substitution or replacement of materials
Safeguarding of materials
Reducing of usage
Limit employee exposure
Use of PPE
Recommending Corrective Measures
Equipment used
Implementation of Engineering Administrative and PPE
Installation of machine guards
Use automatic safeguard devices,
Replacement of a particular piece of equipment or
tool.
Training, develop & improve K.S.A.
Use of PPE should also be considered
Recommending Corrective Measures
In performing a Job Hazards Analysis
Basic Job Steps Existing & Potential Recommendation
Hazards
1.1.1
1 1.1.2
1.1 1.1.3
1.2
2 1.2.1
1.2.1
2.1
1.2.3
2.2
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS Job or Operation Title: Fabrication of Metal Racks
Department / Division: Job Location: Position of Employee Doing the Job:
Date Performed: Performed by: Verified by:
Special or Primary Hazard:
Personal Protective Equipment Required or Recommended
Basic Job Steps Existing and Potential Recommended Corrective
Hazards Measures
1. Cutting materials(use of grinder) 1.1 Electric shock-burn injuries 1.1.1 Inspection of tools
1.1.2 Appropriate machine guards
1.2 Noise-ear irritations 1.2.1 Signages -training
1.2.2 provision for appropriate PPE
2. Welding of materials (use of welding 2.1 Electric shock-flash burn 2.1.1 inspection of machines- grounding
machine)
2.2 inhalation of fumes 2..2.1 appropriate ventilation
2.3 Hot flame-fire, welding sparks 2.3.1 standby FE, isolation technique
3. Grinding and polishing rough edges(use of 3.1 Hand finger caught/abrasion due to rotating 3.1.1 Machine guards
grinder) disk
3.2 Struck by grind particles 3.2.1 PPE usage
4. Painting of the finished product( use of 4.1 inhalation of solvent fumes 4.1.1 Wear PPE
USING A JOB HAZARDS ANALYSIS
Developing or Updating SOP’s
Training and Observing
Employee Performance
Conducting Inspections
Investigating Accidents
JHA’s improve ESH management
To perform an accurate & complete JHA :
Assemble a team
SUMMARY: Select the job to be analyzed;
Observe the job as it is performed to break it down
JOB into basic steps
HAZARD Analyze each step to determine existing and
ANALYSIS potential hazards associated with each step
Develop recommendations for eliminating or
controlling the hazards associated with each step.
JOB HAZARDS ANALYSIS SAMPLE
FORM
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
JOB / OPERATION TTLE
DEPARTMENT / DIVISION BASIC JOB STEPS EXISTING & RECOMMENDE
POTENTIAL D CORRECTIVE
JOB LOCATION MEASURES
HAZARDS
DATE PERFORMED
SPECIAL / PRIMARY HAZARDS
PPE REQUIRED /
RECOMMENDED
BASIC JOB STEPS EXISTING & RECOMMENDED
POTENTIAL CORRECTIVE
HAZARDS MEASURES
(Please use extra sheet if necessary)
The above activities were fully discussed & understood by the undersigned and that
whatsoever happened or outcome of the said activities, they are committed to be
completely liable.
PERFORMED BY:
NAME SIGN NAME SIGN
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
APPROVED BY:
Job Order Approving Officer:
Environment Health Safety:
Department Head:
CASE STUDY
Complete a JSA on Replacing Busted Fluorescent Lamp
using A Type Ladder
ACTIVITY:
Sequence of Basic Job Steps Potential Hazards Recommended Safe-Job-
Procedures
Inspect and Assess, work Slip, Trips and fall due to Use , bring portable lighting
Area poor illumination equipment, and install
lighting system for
completion of the job.
Prepare all tools equipment Hand injury due to loss -Work in buddy system, use
needed for the task balance, pinch points, foot appropriate ppe (hand
injury due to unsecured gloves, safety shoes, safety
materials. glass, hard hat)
JHA’S
– A SIMPLE STEP
TO SAFETY &
HEALTH
LUNCH BREAK
